CN105008479A - 粘胶带 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明旨在提供一种在前挡风玻璃和前围上板之间使用的场合下提供优异外观的粘胶带。本发明的粘胶带包括膜和粘合剂层。膜由含有碳填充剂的聚四氟乙烯构成。粘合剂层设置于膜的一方表面上,且含有有机硅粘合剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及能够用于汽车的粘胶带。
背景技术
汽车的前挡风玻璃的下端由被称为前围上板的部件所支撑(专利文献1和2)。前挡风玻璃和前围上板接触的部分会由于行驶所引起的震动、冲击、扭曲等而产生滑动。在前挡风玻璃和前围上板直接接触的场合下,由于该滑动,可能会从前挡风玻璃下端发出摩擦声、前挡风玻璃可能会损伤、破损。因此,在前挡风玻璃和前围上板之间设置有旨在缓和滑动对前挡风玻璃的冲击的粘胶带。
这种粘胶带显露于汽车的外观,能够被汽车驾驶员看到。因此,人们希望粘贴状态能够美观。但是,以往的粘胶带由于粘贴操作的原因或经过常年变化,其外观容易变差。在粘胶带外观变差的场合下,即使在针对滑动的主要功能上没有问题,也会给人以该汽车整体的品质低下的印象。
因此,需要开发一种在发挥其原本的功能,即抑制从前挡风玻璃下端发出的摩擦声、抑制前挡风玻璃的损伤或破损的性能的同时,提供优异外观的粘胶带。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利特开2009-23657号公报
专利文献2:日本专利特开2009-83593号公报
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种在前挡风玻璃和前围上板之间使用的场合下显示出优异外观的粘胶带。
解决技术问题所采用的技术方案
本发明的粘胶带包括膜和粘合剂层。膜由含有碳填充剂的聚四氟乙烯构成。粘合剂层设置于膜的一方表面上,且含有有机硅粘合剂(日文:シリコーン粘着剤)。
发明的效果
本发明的粘胶带在前挡风玻璃和前围上板之间使用的场合下显示出优异的外观。
附图说明
[图1]图1是表示实施方式所涉及的粘胶带的剖视图。
[图2]图2是表示实施方式所涉及的粘胶带的使用状态的剖视图。
[图3]图3是显示以往的粘胶带的照片。
[图4]图4是耐候性试验中的粘胶带的粘贴方式的示意图。
[图5]图5是显示使用以往的粘胶带来进行耐候性试验的结果的照片。
[图6]图6是显示使用实施方式所涉及的粘胶带来进行耐候性试验的结果的照片。
[图7]图7是显示使用以往的粘胶带来进行耐候性试验的结果的照片。
[图8]图8是显示使用实施方式所涉及的粘胶带来进行耐候性试验的结果的照片。
具体实施方式
下面,参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。
图1是概略性地表示实施方式所涉及的粘胶带的剖视图。实施方式所涉及的粘胶带1包括膜2和设置于膜2的一方表面上的粘合剂层3。
粘胶带1可以和常规的胶带一样以卷绕成辊状的状态提供,或者以在粘合剂层3上粘贴有剥离片的状态提供。粘胶带1的长和宽可与通常在前挡风玻璃和前围上板的接触部使用的粘胶带的长和宽相同。
膜2由含有碳填充剂的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)构成。膜2的厚度可以是例如25~300μm,从操作性的观点考虑优选50~100μm,特别优选大约80μm。
碳填充剂是含有碳的材料。由于碳填充剂填充于PTFE中,膜2被着色成黑色。碳填充剂在膜中的量取膜2被适当着色且膜2的品质不会受损的量,例如为0.8重量%~10重量%。碳填充剂的实例是炭黑。特别是可以使用非结晶型炭黑,其一次粒径可以是例如10nm~100nm。
粘合剂层3对被粘合面显示出粘合性。粘合剂层3含有有机硅粘合剂。作为有机硅粘合剂,优选使用耐候性高的有机硅粘合剂。有机硅粘合剂的实例是过氧化物固化型有机硅粘合剂或加成反应型有机硅粘合剂。这样的有机硅粘合剂的具体实例是由含有有机硅橡胶(日文:シリコーンガム)和有机硅树脂(日文:シリコーンレジン)的材料所制得的有机硅粘合剂。作为有机硅橡胶,可以使用例如以二甲基硅氧烷为主要构成单元的有机聚硅氧烷。作为有机硅树脂,可以使用例如由M单位即R3SiO1/2和Q单位即SiO2所构成的MQ树脂。粘合剂层3的厚度为例如30~70μm,优选大约50μm。
实施方式所涉及的粘胶带能够在前挡风玻璃和前围上板的接触部分使用。
图2是从汽车侧面观察的前围上板4和前挡风玻璃5的接触部分的剖视图。前挡风玻璃5的下端插入前围上板4中形成的沟槽内并受到该沟槽的支撑。前挡风玻璃5的下端和前围上板4之间收纳有密封构件6。实施方式所涉及的粘胶带1介于前挡风玻璃5和前围上板4的接触部4a之间。粘胶带1贴合前挡风玻璃5的形状,即使在三维弯曲的状态下仍然能够进行粘贴。
通过实施方式所涉及的粘胶带,能够在前挡风玻璃和前围上板之间使用的场合下,达到以往的粘胶带所无法达到的效果。即,实施方式所涉及的粘胶带在发挥其原本的功能,即抑制从前挡风玻璃下端发出的摩擦声、抑制前挡风玻璃的损伤或破损的性能的同时,提供优异的外观。
以往的粘胶带,通常以卷绕成辊状的状态提供。从辊中抽出粘胶带之际,如图3所示,胶带表面有时会出现条纹而变得粗糙。可以认为这是由于在抽出之际,在粘合剂层和其被粘合面(膜的未设有粘合剂的面)之间牢固地粘合瞬间和突然的分离瞬间交错产生而导致的。这种现象被称为粘滑(日文:スティック-スリップ)。
另外,以往的粘胶带不适合进行重新粘贴。向前挡风玻璃粘贴粘胶带大多通过手工作业进行,需要重新粘贴的情况很多。以往的粘胶带在粘贴后再剥离的场合下,粘合剂表面变得粗糙,重新粘贴会留下能够辨识的痕迹,根据情况连胶带本身都需要废弃。
而且,以往的粘胶带耐候性低,粘贴后经过一段时间容易产生皱纹、部分或整体的收缩。
与之相对,实施方式所涉及的粘胶带在从卷绕成辊状的状态下抽出之际,不会产生条纹状的表面粗糙。因此,在粘贴之际,能够提供整洁的外观。
另外,实施方式所涉及的粘胶带即使在粘贴后再剥离的场合下,粘合剂面也不会变得粗糙,不会产生重新粘贴的痕迹,能够再次进行整洁的粘贴。
而且,实施方式所涉及的粘胶带即使经过一段时间也不易产生皱纹或收缩,耐候性高。
作为结果,实施方式所涉及的粘胶带能够提供优异的外观。
而且,通过在实施方式所涉及的粘胶带中使用炭黑作为碳填充剂,粘胶带被充分着色成黑色,不会损害汽车的整体外观。
通过在实施方式所涉及的粘胶带中将填充于膜中的碳填充剂的量设为0.8重量%~10重量%,能够提供着色充分且膜的品质得到保证的粘胶带。
通过在实施方式所涉及的粘胶带中使用过氧化物固化型有机硅粘合剂或加成反应型有机硅粘合剂作为有机硅粘合剂,能够提供耐候性高的粘胶带。
通过在实施方式所涉及的粘胶带中使用至少以有机硅橡胶和有机硅树脂为材料所制得的有机硅粘合剂作为有机硅粘合剂,能够提供耐候性更高的粘胶带。
通过在实施方式所涉及的粘胶带中将膜的厚度设定在25μm~300μm的范围内,能够提供着色充分且膜的品质得到保证的粘胶带。
实施例
(1)关于膜厚和碳填充剂量的研究
制造各种膜,再对最佳的厚度和碳填充剂量进行研究。根据填充剂量的变化,会出现着色不佳、在膜上产生被称为气孔的空穴,成膜性变差,因此确定最佳的填充剂量就变得重要。
向PTFE树脂填充碳填充剂后,进行坯成形、烧成以及切削。在填充碳填充剂之际,将其量设为0.5重量%、0.8重量%、1重量%、3重量%、5重量%、8重量%、10重量%、12重量%以及15重量%这9种,再于切削之际将厚度设为25μm、50μm、80μm、100μm、200μm以及300μm这6种,合计制造出54种膜。
对于制造出的各膜,判断着色是否充分、是否产生气孔以及切削时是否发生断裂。其结果示于以下的表1。
[表1]
表1中,着色不佳的膜以“T”表示,,产生气孔的膜以“P”表示,切削时发生断裂的膜以“S”表示。着色良好且没有产生气孔或发生断裂的膜以“○”表示。
由表1可知,在厚度为25μm附近、例如20~40μm的膜中,填充量为1重量%以下时呈现斑状色散而着色不佳,填充量为8%以上时产生气孔和发生断裂。在厚度为50μm附近、例如40~70μm的膜中,填充量为1重量%以下时呈现斑状色散而着色不佳,填充量为10%以上时产生气孔和发生断裂。在厚度为80μm附近以及100μm附近、例如70~150μm的膜中,填充量为0.8重量%以下时呈现斑状色散而着色不佳,填充量为12%以上时产生气孔和发生断裂。在厚度为200μm附近以及300μm附近、例如150~350μm的膜中,填充量为0.5重量%以下时呈现斑状色散而着色不佳,填充量为10%以上时产生气孔。
(2)关于膜厚以及粘合剂的研究
对于膜厚以及粘合剂种类各异的各种粘胶带,考查是否产生由粘滑现象而引起的条纹状凹凸。
作为粘胶带的粘合剂所通常使用的材料,有天然橡胶类粘合剂、丙烯酸类粘合剂以及有机硅类粘合剂,但是作为适用于汽车的具有耐热性和耐候性的粘合剂,选择丙烯酸类粘合剂和有机硅类粘合剂。将这两种粘合剂分别涂布于厚度各异的6种膜的单面上,形成辊状。6种膜的厚度为25μm、50μm、80μm、100μm、200μm以及300μm。对于制得的合计12种粘胶带,判断在从辊中抽出之际是否产生条纹状外观不佳,以及在进行重新粘贴之际是否产生其痕迹。其结果汇总于以下的表2。
[表2]
表2中,产生条纹状外观不佳的情况以及产生重新粘贴痕迹的情况以“×”表示,没有产生条纹状外观不佳的情况以及没有产生重新粘贴痕迹的情况则以“○”表示。
发现在使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带中,膜厚为100μm以下时会产生条纹状外观不佳和重新粘贴痕迹。而在使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带中,在所有厚度下均没有产生条纹状外观不佳和重新粘贴痕迹。另外,发现膜厚为25μm的粘胶带在进行重新粘贴时的操作性差。
(3)关于粘贴于前挡风玻璃之际的外观的研究
将使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带以及使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带粘贴于汽车的前挡风玻璃上,对粘胶带的外观进行研究。
其结果是将粘胶带从辊中抽出之际,在使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带上产生了粘滑现象,其结果是产生了如图3所示的条纹状凹凸。与之相对,使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带上没有产生粘滑现象,所粘贴的粘胶带没有产生皱纹等,外观良好。
(4)关于经时变化的研究
分别将使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带和使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带按照图4所示的半弧状粘贴于SUS板上,使用日光耐候性试验机(日文:サンシャインウェザーメーター)进行相当于经过1年时间的耐候性试验。试验条件为紫外线照射量135MJ/m2(相当于1年的室外暴露试验)。
图5和图6分别是显示使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带和使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带在耐候性试验后的状态的照片。图4中以A表示的部分在这些图中被放大显示。
由图5可知,使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带在半弧的内径侧产生了皱纹。与之相对,由图6可知,使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带自进行耐候性试验前的状态开始没有变化,维持了良好的外观。
图7和图8分别是显示使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带和使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带在耐候性试验后的状态的照片。图4中以B表示的部分在这些图中被放大显示。
如图7所示,使用丙烯酸类粘合剂的粘胶带上,粘合剂外露于距离胶带一端长度为1的区域。由此可知,粘胶带至少收缩了长度为1的量。而且,可知粘胶带本身也产生了皱纹。与之相对,由图8可知,使用有机硅类粘合剂的粘胶带自进行耐候性试验前的状态开始没有变化,维持了良好的外观。
可以认为这2种胶带中的这些差异是由于粘合剂的性质不同而导致的。可以认为丙烯酸类粘合剂在高温气氛下软化,无法克服膜趋向收缩的力,因此产生了皱纹或收缩。而有机硅类粘合剂在高温气氛下也不软化,通过粘合剂所产生的凝集力克服了膜趋向收缩的力。
符号说明
1……粘胶带、2……膜、3……粘合剂层、4……前围上板、5……前挡风玻璃、6……密封构件。
Claims (6)
1.一种粘胶带,包括由含有碳填充剂的聚四氟乙烯构成的膜,以及设置于所述膜的一方表面上的含有有机硅粘合剂的粘合剂层。
2.如权利要求1所述的粘胶带,其特征在于,所述碳填充剂为炭黑。
3.如权利要求1所述的粘胶带,其特征在于,所述碳填充剂以0.8重量%~10重量%填充于所述膜中。
4.如权利要求1所述的粘胶带,其特征在于,所述有机硅粘合剂为过氧化物固化型有机硅粘合剂或加成反应型有机硅粘合剂。
5.如权利要求1所述的粘胶带,其特征在于,所述有机硅粘合剂为由含有有机硅橡胶和有机硅树脂的材料所制得的有机硅粘合剂。
6.如权利要求1所述的粘胶带,其特征在于,所述膜具有25μm~300μm的厚度。
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