CN104996324B - Ecological fish culture method - Google Patents
Ecological fish culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104996324B CN104996324B CN201510099330.5A CN201510099330A CN104996324B CN 104996324 B CN104996324 B CN 104996324B CN 201510099330 A CN201510099330 A CN 201510099330A CN 104996324 B CN104996324 B CN 104996324B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of ecological fish culture method, it is characterized in that carrying out water body process with Chinese herbal medicine, carry out fish disease prevention.In an exemplary embodiments of the present invention, by comprise ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap, the Chinese pulsatilla, rattletop and garlic herbal composite be invested in fish pond, carry out the cultivation of greenfinch carp, achieve good effect.In preferred embodiment, fish pond and external water source keep being communicated with, and every day carries out changing water with low discharge, and water diversion is 1/32 to 1/4 of fishpond water volume, carries out Flow-rate adjustment with Various Seasonal.Fish-cultivating method of the present invention can keep good water quality, is conducive to fresh-water fishes healthy growth, without the need to using chemicals, realizing green ecological cultivation, common carp fry can be formed greenfinch carp.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture, be specifically related to the cultural method of fresh-water fishes, more specifically relate to the ecological cultivation method of a kind of fresh-water fishes.
Background technology
In freshwater fish culturing, the prevention of fish disease is the importance of cultivation work.Except strictly carrying out, except the sterilization of fish pond, also will carrying out " four disappear ", that is: fish body sterilization, the sterilization of bait fertilizer, netting gear sterilization, the sterilization of food field.Sometimes the various pathogene in chemicals elimination water body will also be used.This disinfection is wasted time and energy, and the use of chemicals is then unfavorable for health.Due to the method that current fish culture takes Static Water to cultivate, refresh the water periodically more, the water by fishpond keeps a few days, every a stage, within such as 6-15 days, thoroughly changes water.This method still can cause fish disease in the season that temperature is higher, is perhaps to be caused by the bait of non-thorough disinfection or the water of introducing.And fish disease is once occur, chemicals can only be adopted to process, and this can damage mouthfeel and the health of fish.
In a word, the fish culture method of prior art depends on chemicals or chemosterilant carries out disease prevention and cure, and market lacks the freshwater fish culturing method meeting ecological requirements that is more green, environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the ecological cultivation method of fresh-water fishes, for market provides relieved organic water product.
One of ecological fish culture method of the present invention is characterised in that use Chinese herbal medicine process water body.
In a kind of embodiment, described Chinese herbal medicine be selected from ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap, rattletop, the Chinese pulsatilla and garlic one or more.
Further, described Chinese herbal medicine at least comprises ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla.
Further, the amount ratio of described ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla is 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1 by mass.
Further, wherein, described Chinese herbal medicine comprises rattletop and garlic further.
Further, the amount ratio of described ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap, the Chinese pulsatilla, rattletop and garlic is 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1 by mass.
In another kind of preferred embodiment, every day introduces fresh water from natural river, spring, day in autumn introduction volume be 1/8 to 1/5 of fishpond water volume, day in summer introduction volume be 1/4 to 2/5 of fishpond water volume, day in winter water diversion be 1/32 to 1/20 of fishpond water volume.
Further, in the winter time, the fish pond depth of water controlled at 2-2.5 rice, other season controls at 1-2 rice.
Further, at spring and autumn, discharge time is 1-3 point in afternoon, and summer is point at 11 in the morning to afternoon 4, morning in winter 7-9 point.
Chinese herbal medicine screen cloth can be packaged into parcel respectively, put into fish pond water inlet, soak taking-up in 8-12 days, more renew Chinese herbal medicine bag, administration time is May first arrival mid-September.
Preferably, described Chinese herbal medicine is thing of newly gathering medicinal herbs, without the dry and process of preparing Chinese medicine.
Preferably, the water surface arranges black light lamp, the insect utilizing black light lamp to lure is as fish meal.
Freshwater fish culturing method according to the present invention carries out sterilization, sterilization without chemicals completely, and water quality is good, and the fish health raised has vigor, delicious flavour.
Embodiment
A first aspect of the present invention relates to the ecological cultivation method of fresh-water fishes, the special feature of the method has abandoned the method that prior art chemical substance carries out water body disinfection or sterilizing, use natural plants instead as Water body cleansing agent or disinfectant, to water body and environment all harmless, the fish cultivated is organic food materials, good taste.In this manual, term " natural plants " is also referred to as " Chinese herbal medicine ".
In a kind of embodiment of the present invention, the Chinese herbal medicine used be selected from ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap, rattletop, the Chinese pulsatilla and garlic one or more.Preferred embodiment is, this Chinese herbal medicine comprises ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla.Ground Chinese prickly ash has desinsection, detoxicating functions, is mainly used to the harmful substance of separating water body, mud produces; Radix Glycyrrhizae has and middle emergency, removing toxic substances, coordinating the drug actions of a prescription effect, for prevention and control carp gill rot, scales upright etc.; In radix bupleuri has and induces sweat, soothing the liver, rise positive effect, for prevention and control carp liver and gall syndrome; The root of large-flowered skullcap has heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, cool blood, detoxicating functions, for diseases such as prevention and control carp dysentery, Shui Disease-caused-by-anxiety; The Chinese pulsatilla have clearing heat and detoxicating, remove heat from the blood and relieve diarrhea, removing dampness and destroying parasites effect, main prevention and control carp tail and various scabies occur.
When implementing of the present invention, above-mentioned natural plants can be used alone or in combination.When being used alone, can according to the change in season, the pathogenetic possibility size of certain fish, throws in the Chinese herbal medicine of particular types; When combinationally using, for the prevention of one or more diseases, multiple Chinese herbal medicine can be thrown in simultaneously.This method combinationally used is preferred.In an exemplary embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and being combined in the cultivation of greenfinch carp of the Chinese pulsatilla achieve very good effect.Be readily appreciated that, this combination and the formula will addressed below are probably applicable to other fingerling.Further, can also be the kind do not addressed herein for preventing the natural plants of fresh-water fishes disease, those skilled in the art are after acquisition instruction of the present invention, can find other natural plants further and carry out fish disease prevention and cure, these are all encompassed in the scope of claims of the present invention restriction.
In the embodiment of a greenfinch carp culture, the amount ratio of ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla is 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1 by mass.
In a more excellent embodiment, this Chinese herbal medicine comprises rattletop and garlic further.Rattletop have deliver, promoting eruption, the malicious effect of principal solution hundred, this is by main prevention and control carp virus haemorrhage; Garlic is mainly used in prevention and control carp enteritis.Current the obtained optimal components ratio of inventor is, the amount ratio of ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap, the Chinese pulsatilla, rattletop and garlic is 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1 by mass.The greenfinch carp culture that inventor adopts above-mentioned formula to carry out 3 years, did not find above-mentioned various fish disease.
Chinese herbal medicine described in the present invention, without the need to concocting and drying, can be gather in one week, if need after gathering to place for more time, can through natural drying, and the moisture on removing surface, to prevent from going mouldy.Above-mentioned quality proportioning is applicable to the new Chinese herbal medicine gathered.But the present invention is not limited to this, it is expected to, through to concoct or the traditional Chinese medicine of depth drying also can play the effect of expectation.But the preferred fresh medicinal material of the present invention.
About the input mode of Chinese herbal medicine, can adjust according to different breeding way.When adopting Static Water cultivation, throw in not existing together in fish pond by after the packing of said herbal medicine grid cloth, the most handy fixture is fixed, in case this cartridge bag drifts about and bad recovery in fish pond.Cartridge bag is soaked in water within 8-12 days, take out and abandon, then put into new cartridge bag.In Static Water cultivation, the flowing of water can be manufactured with mechanical device, or to aeration in fish pond, to increase the dissolved oxygen in water.Alternatively, the water in periodic replacement fish pond, such as changed once every 8-15 days, this replacing can be avoided body eutrophication and bring out fish disease.Unconditionally carrying out the supplementary place of new water, artificially can manufacture a water circulation, and a filter is set in circulation stream, the particle in filtering water, preferably in circulation stream, carrying out aeration, the organic matter as far as possible in degradation water.In this embodiment, cartridge bag can be fixed on the downstream of this filter for installation and/or aerator, cartridge bag leach activity or diffuse into fish pond with flowing water.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, carry out what is called " miniflow water " moisturizing, namely carry out low flow velocity, high frequency time change water.Specifically, every day introduces fresh water from external water source (river, reservoir or lake), spring, day in autumn introduction volume be 1/8 to 1/5 of fishpond water volume, day in summer introduction volume be 1/4 to 2/5 of fishpond water volume, day in winter water diversion be 1/32 to 1/20 of fishpond water volume.In this embodiment, cartridge bag is fixed on the water inlet in fish pond, like this, the medicine of leaching is with dispersion of flow extremely whole fish pond.
In the present invention, when single variety throws in fresh Chinese herbal medicine, 1.5-4kg can be thrown in every mu of fish pond; When using fresh Chinese herbal medicine with above-mentioned composition, the consumption of Chinese herbal medicine can at every mu of 4-10kg, between preferred 5-8kg.Chinese herbal medicine usage amount is distinguished to some extent because of breeding way difference, and when Static Water cultivates, Chinese herbal medicine usage amount can reduce as one sees fit, and such as, every mu of consumption of single variety Chinese herbal medicine can be 1.5-3kg, and when using with composition, every mu of consumption can 4-6kg again.The input cycle can coincide (if refreshing the water periodically) with exchange water cycle; When taking above-mentioned miniflow water method for supplementing water to cultivate, every mu of consumption of single variety Chinese herbal medicine can be 2.5-5kg, and when using with composition, every mu of consumption can at 5-8kg.
In a second aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of for freshwater fish culturing herbal composite, said composition comprises ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla, wherein a kind of preferred formula be ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla amount ratio be 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1 by mass.The composition be more preferably comprises ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap, the Chinese pulsatilla, rattletop and garlic 7 kinds of compositions, and mass ratio is 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1.
Chinese herbal medicine described in the present invention, without the need to concocting and drying, can be gather in one week, if need after gathering to place for more time, can through natural drying, and the moisture on removing surface, to prevent from going mouldy.Above-mentioned quality proportioning is applicable to the new Chinese herbal medicine gathered.But the present invention is not limited to this, it is expected to, through to concoct or the traditional Chinese medicine of depth drying also can play the effect of expectation.But the preferred fresh medicinal material of the present invention.
From the above mentioned, a third aspect of the present invention, also comprise a kind of fish pond and change water method, namely miniflow water changes water method.Specifically, every day introduces fresh water from external water source (river, reservoir or lake), the spring, day in autumn introduction volume be 1/8 to 1/5 of fishpond water volume, completed an exchange water cycle through 5-8 days like this; Day in summer, introduction volume was 1/4 to 2/5 of fishpond water volume, completed an exchange water cycle through 4-5 days; Day in winter, water diversion was 1/32 to 1/20 of fishpond water volume, completed an exchange water cycle through 20-30 days, and the hole that do not need to make a hole in the ice in ice face also can reach in not anaerobic environment.
Of the present invention preferred in, control the water level in fish pond, for the northern area (such as North of Yangtze River, especially North China) that winter is longer, winter, summer was at 1-2 rice by fish pond water lev el control at 2-2.5 rice.Winter water lev el control is obtained and more deeply can ensure that fish has abundant water level safe overwintering; Summer in Northern Part weather is felt nice and cool, and summer controls more shallow water level, reaches the effect of solar radiation degree and water temperature raising at Xia Qianneng.
Change water mode by of the present invention, the water in fish pond can be made to keep substantially invariable pH value and oxygen content, and water body remains fresh.
In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, by the technological means of above-mentioned aspects being combined, common carp fry becomes greenfinch carp after growing up
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, relate to a kind of presentation mode of fish meal, it is using lamp light trapping insect as fish meal.Mainly black light lamp is set on the water surface, utilizes black light lamp to lure insect to fall into the water, make greenfinch carp free choice feeding.The fresh and tender effect of greenfinch carp meat can be increased by the method.
The feature of above-mentioned four aspects of the present invention can be carried out independent assortment, and test proves, said herbal medicine, water supplementing method and bait presentation mode are used simultaneously, avoid the use of chemical substance, realize ecologic breeding, achieve good technique effect.For greenfinch carp, explanation is exemplified to the solution of the present invention below.
Embodiment
Fish pond is positioned at limit, the Luanhe River, Fengning County, Hebei province, is communicated to the Luanhe River by upper lock gate, and tail gates are sluice gate.Single fish pond area is 5 mu.Fish pond water lev el control in the winter time 2-2.2 rice, summer 1-1.3 rice.Just common carp fry is put in every mu of fish pond in a suitable place to breed in may.
6.5 kilograms, Chinese herbal medicine is about used in every mu of fish pond.Wherein Chinese prickly ash is main 2.0 kilograms, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, each 1 kilogram of the root of large-flowered skullcap, rattletop, the Chinese pulsatilla, each 0.5 kilogram of garlic.Using method is, is packaged into parcel respectively, puts into fish pond water inlet with the plastic net cloth of 0.25 square centimeter, mesh, soaks taking-up in 10 days, every 10 days with once, and the new medium-height grass cartridge bag of every secondary replacing.Administration time is May first arrival mid-September.
Spring manages: in solar calendar May, fish starts beginning of ingesting, upper and lower every afternoon gate opening time 1-3 point, duration 1.5 hours, streamflow is 1000 cubic metres.Thus reach water quality pH value and dissolved oxygen averaging effect, and reach Chinese herbal medicine in water, keep certain density control effect.
Dog days in summer manage: in beginning of entering the hottest period of the summer, the upper and lower gate opening time is point in 11 points-afternoon 4 in the morning, and streamflow is 2000 cubic metres.
Autumn, management was the same with spring.
Winter management: for fish pond area 5 mu, depth of water 2-2.5 rice, upper and lower every morning lock opening time 7-9 point, streamflow 250 cubic metres.Do not need to make a hole in the ice in ice face hole, can reach in not anaerobic environment yet.
This embodiment has implemented 3 years, never uses chemosterilant, never fish disease occurs therebetween, and common carp fry can be formed greenfinch carp, the fish raised is tasty.
Claims (9)
1. an ecological fish culture method, it is characterized in that, use Chinese herbal medicine process water body, wherein, described Chinese herbal medicine comprises ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla, and the amount ratio of described ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap and the Chinese pulsatilla is 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1 by mass.
2. ecological fish culture method according to claim 1, wherein, described Chinese herbal medicine comprises rattletop and garlic further.
3. ecological fish culture method according to claim 2, wherein, the amount ratio of described ground Chinese prickly ash, Radix Glycyrrhizae, radix bupleuri, the root of large-flowered skullcap, the Chinese pulsatilla, rattletop and garlic is 1.5-3:1-2:1-2:1-2:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1 by mass.
4. ecological fish culture method according to claim 1, comprise further and change water step below: every day introduces fresh water from external water source, spring, day in autumn introduction volume be 1/8 to 1/5 of fishpond water volume, day in summer, introduction volume was 1/4 to 2/5 of fishpond water volume, day in winter water diversion be 1/32 to 1/20 of fishpond water volume.
5. ecological fish culture method according to claim 1, in the winter time, the fish pond depth of water controlled at 2-2.5 rice, other season controls at 1-2 rice.
6. ecological fish culture method according to claim 4, described Chinese herbal medicine screen cloth is packaged into parcel respectively, puts into fish pond water inlet, soaks taking-up in 8-12 days, more renews Chinese herbal medicine bag, and administration time is May first arrival mid-September.
7. the ecological fish culture method described in any one of claim 1 to 6, described Chinese herbal medicine is thing of newly gathering medicinal herbs, without the dry and process of preparing Chinese medicine.
8. ecological fish culture method according to claim 1, wherein, the water surface arranges black light lamp, and the insect utilizing black light lamp to lure is as fish meal.
9. the ecological fish culture method described in any one of claim 1 to 8, wherein, described fish is greenfinch carp.
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| CN105432519A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-30 | 安徽俊秀生态养殖有限公司 | Ecological fish farming method |
| CN105557594A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-05-11 | 广德县清元水产养殖专业合作社 | Small-area coregonus ussuriensis culturing method |
| CN105660469A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-15 | 广德县清元水产养殖专业合作社 | Conditioning liquid for household crucian cultivation at fry stage |
| CN105731613B (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2018-07-27 | 龙口市温流水育苗养殖有限公司 | A kind of aquafarm light-based water disinfection device and its sterilization method |
| CN106577536A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-04-26 | 罗城仫佬族自治县金陆地种养农民专业合作社 | Cultivation method for preventing grass carp enteritis disease |
| CN107027659A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-08-11 | 明光市泰丰新材料有限公司 | A kind of freshwater fish culturing method of high yield |
| CN109496920A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-22 | 南宁学院 | A kind of disease-resistant cultural method of Pangasius sutchi |
| CN110583540A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州省仁怀市黔南泉生态农业发展有限公司 | Circulating water aquaculture method for pond fish culture |
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| NO140406B (en) * | 1978-01-11 | 1979-05-21 | Finn Hallingstad | PROCEDURE FOR PRODUCING FEED FOR FEEDING FISH IN SALT WATER |
| CN102232364A (en) * | 2010-05-08 | 2011-11-09 | 张玉明 | Method for preparing substrate material of Chinese herbal slow-release injection for environmental friendly aquaculture by using natural zeolite |
| CN103858796A (en) * | 2013-12-22 | 2014-06-18 | 罗生芳 | Ecological breeding method for grass carps |
| CN104255605B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江恒泽生态农业科技有限公司 | Aquaculture utilizes the method for herbal control fish disease |
| CN104304126A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-28 | 惠州市海洋与渔业科学技术研究中心 | Method for preventing and curing fish diseases by soilless Chinese-herbal-medicine culture on water surface of pond |
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