CN104982291A

CN104982291A - Southern facility cultivation

Info

Publication number: CN104982291A
Application number: CN201510400942.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-07-10
Filing date: 2015-07-10
Publication date: 2015-10-21

Abstract

Southern facility cultivation relates to facility cultivation production of deciduous fruit trees and deciduous woody flowers, relates to early acceleration cultivation, transplanting and cultivation of northern fruits in the south, allopatric cultivation and improvement of southern low-yield orchards, and is particularly applicable to modern city agriculture, leisure sightseeing agriculture and city landscaping; the production and cultivation of existing early acceleration cultivation of the deciduous fruit trees are carried out in the north and an early acceleration aim is realized; however, the production of the present invention is carried out in the south and the early acceleration aim is realized; the early acceleration cultivation can reach the limit (namely a 365-day fruit picking period of the whole year); and meanwhile, the deciduous fruit trees and the deciduous woody flowers have a high yield and good quality, and good growth in the south, and the southern low-yield orchards also can be greatly improved.

Description

Southern a kind of facility cultivation

Technical field:

The facility cultivation that the present invention relates in deciduous fruit tree and fallen leaves Woody flower is produced, and is wherein involved in Forcing cultivation, north fruit southward shifting cultivation, off-site planting, and the transformation of southern low-yield orchard, be particularly useful for Modern City Agriculture, leisure agriculture, sight-seeing agriculture and urban landscaping.

Background technology:

Current known facility cultivation refers in the season and the region that are not suitable for plant growth, the artificial agricultural production creating the microclimate environment of biological growth and development.Protected fruit trees cultivation is the important component part of fruit growing, the expansion of fruit growing scope, protected fruit trees cultivation utilizes envirment factor in the facility artificial adjustment facilities such as mulch film, greenhouse, plastic tunnel, sunshade net to adapt to the demand of growth and development of fruit tree, can accomplish that south fruit is moved northward and fruit south, north is moved by facility cultivation.Can be divided into by establishment type: plastic tunnel, greenhouse by solar heat, lew, fly net etc., the production model of fruit tree can be divided into: Forcing cultivation, delayed cultivation, rain shelter cultivation, off-site planting (comprising south fruit to move northward and north fruit southward shifting cultivation etc.), area and the seeds of current protected fruit trees cultivation expand year by year, the object of protected fruit trees cultivation is by variation, though production there is a lot of successful story, but the theory and technology of protected fruit trees cultivation be not very ripe even also exist a lot of problems demand solve, as facility builds problem, envirment factor control technique in facility and be suitable for the cultivation etc. of specific breed of facility, move for fruit south, deciduous fruit tree north, existing facility people is difficult to use more, more be difficult to meet deciduous fruit tree in southern growth demand.

That deciduous fruit tree in south plantation study carefully competingly there will be what problem? for the peach of outdoor cropping, first it is bad that the place that in the winter time low temperature (0 to 7.2 degree accumulated temperature) is not enough there will be flower bud differentiation, fruit poor, the strange shape of fruit, yield poorly without commodity value, if to there will be flower bud differentiation bad for the plantation of temperature minimum temperature more than 7 degree area in the winter time, growing way is weak, there is no the state of output completely, if minimum temperature more than 16 degree area plantations Celsius in the winter time, there will be flower bud differentiation bad, growth potential is extremely weak, there is no output completely, again because existing facility cultivation facility is all difficult to meet deciduous fruit tree with fallen leaves Woody flower in southern growth demand, more be difficult to accomplish high yield and high quality, also difficult object of accomplishing Forcing cultivation.

Occur what is again the basic reason of above problem? deciduous fruit tree and fallen leaves Woody flower have adapted to climatic characteristic that four seasons spring, summer, autumn and winter replace and have germinateed spring bloom in long-term organic evolution process, Xia Qiu is the main season of growth, to fall leaves winter dormancy, wherein most characteristic with dormancy of falling leaves winter, only meet after winter dormancy, next vegetative period could yield positive results and well-grown normally, this point cans be compared to the mankind, if meter people only working year in year out does not go sleep, that work certainly also bad, this also should demonstrate,prove " only having the talent conference work that can have a rest " this well-known saying.

Whether does that athermobiosis meeting fruit tree just realize high yield and high quality later? answer is also negative, all demands that we must meet fruit tree and trees just can reach high yield and high quality, such as: produce cultivation in south and all will experience a process of transplanting in low temperature environment, because transplanting is again carry out in mode that is potted plant or transplantation with soil, again due to potted plant be all the similar mode of action with transplantation with soil, and potted plant do not have again productive, the theory relevant with tree crown size with dry sectional area according to fruit tree overground part and underground part balance theory, fruit tree in basin can not supported mermaid in fish jar, so overcome low temperature deficiency, also to overcome potted plant low yield defect, also the budding period will be met simultaneously, flowering stage, fruit all demands such as phase (because there is a uncomfortable overall situation in south) and just can accomplish high yield and high quality, just there is the economic worth of producing cultivation.

Summary of the invention;

Deciduous fruit tree can not be met with fallen leaves Woody flower in southern growth demand to overcome existing facility cultivation facility, simultaneously do not have a defect of high yield to overcome potted fruit tree yet, again because existing fruit tree Forcing cultivation is all implemented in the north, also because winter temperature is low, sunlight deficiency makes Forcing cultivation be subject to significant limitation, be difficult to accomplish year-round supply, the combination and the method that the invention provides several facility can meet deciduous fruit tree with fallen leaves Woody flower completely in southern growth demand, so can accomplish: (1). in south, plantation reaches high yield and high quality and well-grown.(2). fruit tree Forcing cultivation is reached pole i.e. (i.e. the fruit picking phase of 1 year 365 days).(3). southern low-yield orchard (because of the reason of winter low temperature deficiency, adding the growth demand that existing facility cultivation facility can not meet deciduous fruit tree) is able to everybody and improves.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is: 1. because southern winter temperature is high, even some places are throughout the year as the summer, minimum also Celsius more than 17 degree thus can meet completely fruit tree fruit the phase, the growth demand of fruit swollen people's phase and picking time, also can meet the demand of solar illumination simultaneously, and be all can meet throughout the year, so our environment that only need manufacture a low temperature is as freezer, air conditioning chamber, hot cell, ground, sunshade net etc., in order to meet the winter low temperature resting stage of fruit tree, germination period, flowering stage, the demands such as fruit phase, then field planting pattern (note: the people field cropping pattern in the present invention refers to be imbedded among the soil of people field by the potted plant or fruit tree of transplantation with soil or the Potted-plant container (2) of trees or native ball (3) or imbeds among other matrix is moved into, one of object avoids Potted-plant container or native ball to be exposed on earth's surface, again because of summer earth's surface high temperature can draw and ring the normal growth of root system and the absorption function of root system, two of object be by Potted-plant container and native ball among fruit tree, the root system of trees lures among people field soil of extending, avoid potted plant defect of not having a high yield, one of above object and two of object are all the objects for the swollen people of fruit and high yield and high quality provide safeguard) meet fruit swollen people's phase of fruit tree again, maturing stage, the late growing stage demand of picking time and fallen leaves resting stage, last immigration in artificial low temperature environment in mode that is potted plant or transplantation with soil is again gone, again due to fruit tree, the winter dormancy of trees is manual controls, can increase or reduce the time of resting stage, add the weather of the four seasons as the summer, so the object of Forcing cultivation can be realized like a cork.2. by the north or high mountain or Suitable Area met the fruit tree of winter (0 to 7.2 degree) dormancy, trees move into south by transportation and communication in mode that is potted plant or transplantation with soil, then move into people field cropping pattern complete the later stage the bud phase, bloom, fruit, the swollen people of fruit, fruit maturation, gather and fall leaves, then move into again in artificial low temperature environment and go.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1. because Forcing cultivation can be implemented in south, think that the Forcing cultivation of fruit tree provides a new method, and can the limit be accomplished.2. because of can meet deciduous fruit tree and fallen leaves Woody flower in southern growth demand so area under cultivation can be expanded widely, accomplish high yield and high quality and well-grown simultaneously.3. due to deciduous fruit tree can be met in southern growth demand so southern low-yield orchard can be transformed widely, 4. for a long time people in order to cultivate the specific breed being suitable for facility cultivation, cultivate chilling requirement hardy low always, low light tolerance, precocious and special amonang, but all run into the failure of very people, the present invention does not go to cultivate new varieties, do not go the gene changing fruit tree the Forcing cultivation of deciduous fruit tree can be accomplished fruit year-round supply and energy high yield and high quality yet yet.5., due to deciduous fruit tree can be met in southern growth demand, so the fruit trees such as apple, peach, Lee, apricot, fig can be realized the fruit picking joint in Christmas Day, New Year's Day, the Spring Festival in southern area, meet the demand that people go sightseeing.6. due to high yield and high quality can be realized in southern area, so change be it is believed that south is difficult to deciduous fruit tree to be accomplished the history of high yield and high quality for a long time.7. because existing deciduous fruit tree Forcing cultivation is all depend on greenhouse by solar heat, mulch film,,, and the present invention with other facilities (as freezer, air conditioning chamber, hot cell, Potted-plant container, transplantation with soil material, transportation and communication, sunshade net etc.) Combination application relend employment field cropping pattern, equally also can realize the object of fruit tree Forcing cultivation.8. it is believed that for a long time: banana, pineapple, mango are only tropical fruit (tree), and the subtropical fruitss such as apple, peach, Lee, apricot, fig also can be produced in torrid areas and be year-round supplies by application of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described: Fig. 1 is fundamental diagram of the present invention, in figure, trees (1), Potted-plant container (2), native ball (3), native bag package material (4), freezer (5) air conditioning chamber (6), hot cell (7), sunshade net (8), people field soil (9), transportation and communication (10), window (11).

Embodiment:

In FIG, trees (1) are planted among container (2), container (2) is inner inserts soil (3) or trees (1) are planted among the native ball (3) of transplantation with soil, when trees (1) need athermobiosis or enter people field cropping pattern, trees (1), container (2), native ball (3), native bag package material (4) can to move in the environment that we need with transportation and communication (10) and go as among: artificial low temperature environment or people field soil (9) by together.

Claims

1. southern a kind of facility cultivation, the facility cultivation being involved in deciduous fruit tree and fallen leaves Woody flower is produced, wherein be involved in Forcing cultivation, north fruit southward shifting cultivation, the transformation of off-site planting and southern low-yield orchard, because existing deciduous fruit tree facility cultivation is all depend on existing facility (as mulch film, plastic tunnel, greenhouse by solar heat, lew, sunshade net, fly net etc.) and method realize fruit tree Forcing cultivation and off-site planting and Forcing cultivation and all produce in the north, the present invention is then by other facility and method, and produce in south, it is characterized in that: (1) is first manually to manufacture the environment of a low temperature (as freezer, air conditioning chamber, hot cell, ground) meet fruit tree each resting stage in season, flowering stage, then the growth demand fruit phase and young fruit period proceeds to field planting pattern in mode that is potted plant or transplantation with soil and produces, when proceeding in the environment of artificial low temperature in mode that is potted plant or transplantation with soil again to during fallen leaves dormancy.(2) proceed to south by transportation and communication in mode that is potted plant or transplantation with soil after the trees in Suitable Area being met winter low temperature (accumulated temperature of 0 degree to 7.2 degree) dormancy and then move into the rudiment that people field cropping pattern completes the later stage, bloom, fruit, the swollen people of fruit, fruit maturation, gather and the growth demand in leaf fall period, then move in the environment of artificial low temperature in mode that is potted plant or transplantation with soil again and go.

2. can meet deciduous fruit tree with the wooden flowers of fallen leaves in southern growth demand, so facility cultivation can be carried out in south according to the feature 1 in claim 1 and feature 2.

3. according to the artificial low temperature environment in claim 1 owing to being artificial manufacture, so when fruit tree, trees budding period, flowering stage and the fruit phase can offer some windows in the surrounding of facility body when needing illumination and be shining into a part by sunlight and can meet.

4. according to the artificial low temperature environment in claim 1 owing to being manually manufacture so the mode production and operation of available set reduction, scale, corporatization, batch production; enter the later late growing stage of field planting pattern can with the mode of cooperation among farmer households, namely the mode of corporation plus farmer is managed and produced.

5., according to the Potted-plant container in claim 1 and transplantation with soil packaging material, available plastics, rubber, metal, pottery, concrete, fine latitude, rope band, bamboo wood etc. makes.

6. can use existing refrigeration plant according to the low temperature environment in claim 1, air-conditioner etc. carry out fabrication and installation.

7. according to the feature 1 in claim 1 and feature 2 only for the not enough area of southern winter low temperature (0 degree to 7.2 degree accumulated temperature) and the vast southern area of winter minimum temperature more than 7 degree.