CN104982184A - Production processing method for crocus sativus - Google Patents
Production processing method for crocus sativus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104982184A CN104982184A CN201510347458.9A CN201510347458A CN104982184A CN 104982184 A CN104982184 A CN 104982184A CN 201510347458 A CN201510347458 A CN 201510347458A CN 104982184 A CN104982184 A CN 104982184A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mid
- dormancy
- temperature
- west safflower
- processing method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a production processing method for crocus sativus. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out artificial dormancy breaking on corms of crocus sativus in mid-July to mid-August; (2) carrying out indoors-shelved cultivation on the artificial-dormancy-broken corms of crocus sativus indoors from mid-August to mid-November; (3) carrying out deflowering 0-3 days before flowering, and carrying out separation so as to obtain filaments; (4) baking the filaments at the temperature of 40-100 DEG C; and (5) hermetically storing the baked filaments at a temperature at or below 10 DEG C. According to the method, the dormancy of crocus sativus can be broken in advance by an artificial dormancy breaking method so as to promote early flowering, early planting and early rooting and facilitate sound seedlings, and the content of effective ingredients in the filaments is not affected. In addition, through regulating and controlling a flower picking period, a filament baking temperature and a filament storage temperature, the content of effective ingredients in crocus sativus filament finished products is increased, the quality of the finished products is improved, and the value of the finished products is increased. The synergistic application effect of four methods concerned by the invention is relatively good, and the four methods provided by the invention can be subjected to development and application as a whole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine cultivation and processing technique field, be specifically related to the production and processing method of a kind of west safflower.
Background technology
West safflower (Crocus sativus L.) calls safflower, Crocus sativus, is the perennial plant of Iridaceae crocus, is also a kind of common spices.Mainly be distributed in the ground such as Europe, Mediterranean and the Central Asia, there is cultivation on the ground such as BeiJing, China, Shandong, Zhejiang and Sichuan.West safflower is a kind of rare traditional Chinese medicine, with gynoecium top, there are three red column caps to be used as medicine, column cap contains crocin, west safflower aldehyde and west safflower bitter principle three Carotenoids derivative, there is the multiple efficacies such as anticancer, anti-oxidant and reducing blood lipid, also there is good develop immunitypty and antitumor activity.
West safflower is suitable for gentleness in winter, moistening, and summer feels nice and cool, dry weather.At China's many employings " two-period form " cultivation method, namely then May by kind of ball from digging in ground, carry out indoor culture and pick flowers, the kind ball after picking flowers is planted in ground by November.West safflower is rare traditional Chinese medicine, and plantation west safflower economic worth is high, per mu yield more than 10000 yuan, after Zhejiang area kind ball has dug, can plant one season paddy rice, formation " ten thousand yuan are very heavy " cropping pattern.China's plantation safflower area only about 5000 mu, accounts for about 20% of market demand, major part or dependence on import.Therefore, to raising west safflower Yield and qualities, there is practical significance to the improvement of west safflower production and processing method.
West safflower digs ball from May and sprouts to bud head in October, and be resting stage in summer, the length of resting stage directly determines that west safflower is picked flowers phase and planting season.West safflower resting stage usually through added placement, and makes its safe production in summer and naturally broken dormancy by controlling indoor illumination, temperature and humidity.Zhejiang area west safflower implantation time is mostly by the end of November, and now outdoor temperature has been down to about 10 DEG C, is unfavorable for that bulb is taken root and rejuvenation.Therefore, dormancy can be broken in Crocus bulb resting stage by manual method, in advance florescence and sowing time.At present, the application of artificial broken dormancy method is there is no in west safflower actual production, the method that other plant breaks dormancy breaks dormancy as the methods such as HORMONE TREATMENT, low temperature treatment and mechanical treatment can be referred from Crocus bulb, but processing method, processing time and toeatment period etc. need research.Also Crocus bulb is not broken to the system research report of dormancy method at present.
Publication number is the efficient cultivation method that patent document discloses a kind of west safflower of CN 103907452 A, particularly relates to a kind of mechanization field planting bulb, the west safflower standardization implantation methods of batch production indoor culture pistil.Wherein batch production indoor culture pistil Room management adopts robot control system(RCS) to control relative air humidity, the temperature and light photograph of west safflower cultivating chamber, and wherein relative air humidity controls between 75-85%; Temperature controls between 14-30 DEG C; Intensity of illumination controls between 0-1000Lux.Pick flowers and get stamen choose opportunities when, pistil stigma straight until the exhibition of west safflower perianth stretch out cylindrical fireworks with west safflower picking machine harvest flowers, between the upper and lower 0.5cm of style bifurcation, fresh flower is cut off with cutting machine and also therefrom isolate red style.The method of the indoor culture pistil that this invention adopts, full-bloom stage, in mid or late November, is planted ball by the end of November and is planted in ground, be unfavorable for that low temp area bulb is taken root and rejuvenation.
The main active of west safflower filigree (red column cap) is crocin, comprise crocin I and crocin II, it is reported, in the high-quality west safflower on the ground such as Zhejiang and Shanghai, the total content of crocin I and crocin II is more than 25%, far above the qualified products content of standards of pharmacopoeia 10%.Publication number is the processing method that patent document discloses a kind of west safflower of CN 103908534 A, be specifically related to a kind of by classification, pick, kill the west safflower processing method that enzyme, drying and packaging step form.Because the method adopts lower baking temperature, the content of crocin is lower.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the production and processing method of a kind of west safflower, be unfavorable for that bulb is taken root and rejuvenation to solve existing evening at method florescence, and the problem that the improper crocin content caused of processing technology is lower.
A production and processing method for west safflower, comprises the following steps:
(1) mid-July is to mid-August, manually breaks dormancy to Crocus bulb;
(2) mid-August is to mid-November, will manually break the indoor added cultivation of the Crocus bulb after dormancy;
(3) within 0-3 days, pick flowers before flowering, be separated and obtain filigree;
(4) by filigree in 40-100 DEG C of oven dry;
(5) filigree airtight storage below 10 DEG C of will dry.
The method of described artificial broken dormancy is: be placed in by Crocus bulb in airtight container, at 4 DEG C, process 1 month.Low temperature treatment Crocus bulb, breaks the dormancy of Crocus bulb, is conducive to west safflower advance flowering period.4 DEG C of conventional temperature being low temperature treatment and breaking dormancy, can not cause freeze injury to bulb, and can reach brokenly the object of dormancy.Mid-July to mid-August is Zhejiang Province's a period of time that in 1 year, temperature is the highest, selects to carry out low temperature treatment during this period of time and high temperature can be avoided the impact of bulb flower bud differentiation.In addition, starting mid-July is assimilation leaf idiophase of west safflower, is also the latter stage of bulb full resting stage, selects to carry out low temperature during this period of time and breaks dormancy process quick result.
Within 2 days, pick flowers before flowering, pick flowers when namely petal does not stretch out leaf sheath completely.The present invention studies proof, and at Different flower stages, in filigree, the content of crocin is different, and 3 days content is the highest before flowering, then reduces gradually with the florescence.Consider the complexity that in production, west safflower flower is plucked, within first 2 days, be suitable for picking flowers to bloom, and in filigree, the content of crocin is higher.
The temperature of described oven dry is 100 DEG C.High temperature (100 DEG C) short time drying and processing is all excellent in filigree finished product color and luster and outward appearance.Adopt the method for 100 DEG C of oven for drying in actual production, in filigree finished product, the content of crocin is higher.
The temperature of described storage is less than 4 DEG C.Under this temperature condition, storage practice can extend filigree storage time, slows down the reduction of crocin content in storage.
In step (2), the method for the added cultivation in described indoor is: mid-August, lucifuge, controlled indoor temperature 25 DEG C, relative moisture 80% to mid-September; Mid-September, lucifuge, controlled indoor temperature 22 DEG C, relative moisture 80% to late October; Late October, to mid-November, controls indoor temperature 16 DEG C, relative moisture 75%.
Mid-May to mid-July, before artificial broken dormancy, by indoor for Crocus bulb added cultivation.
Mid-May, before artificial broken dormancy, the condition of the indoor added cultivation of Crocus bulb was: lucifuge, controls indoor temperature 25 DEG C to mid-July.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention can break west safflower dormancy in advance, promotes prematurity, early plantation, early takes root, be beneficial to its strong sprout, and do not affect the active constituent content in filigree.In addition, by the regulation and control to flower time of picking, filigree bake out temperature and filigree reserve temperature, improve active constituent content in west safflower filigree finished product, promote its quality and value.
The present invention relates to artificial broken dormancy method, the control of flower picking period, filigree furnace drying method and filigree storage practice, four kinds of method synergistic application effects are better, kind of the method for four in the present invention integrally can be developed and applied.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is west safflower different female bloom dates photo, and wherein 1 for blooming first 3 days, and 2 for blooming first 2 days, and 3 for blooming first 1 day, and 4 is flowering stage.
Embodiment
The present invention is explained further below in conjunction with embodiment.These embodiments are interpreted as only being not used in for illustration of the present invention limiting the scope of the invention.After the content of having read the present invention's record, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalence changes and modification fall into the scope of the claims in the present invention equally.
Embodiment 1
West safflower is broken dormancy method manually
From in mid-May, 2014, choose Crocus bulb 100, indoor added cultivation, room temperature controls at about 25 DEG C, illumination based on few time secretly; Mid-July, to mid-August, by Crocus bulb plastic bag sealing, is positioned over 4 DEG C of refrigerator low temperature treatment 1 month; Mid-August is to mid-September, added by west safflower, continues to be placed on indoor lucifuge and cultivates, control indoor temperature about 25 DEG C, relative moisture 80%; Mid-September, to late October, controls indoor temperature about 22 DEG C, relative moisture 80%, lucifuge; Late October, control indoor temperature about 16 DEG C, relative moisture 75%, indoor are sun-shading no longer to mid-November.
Separately establish a control group, choose Crocus bulb 100, be not artificial hypothermia and break dormancy process, all at indoor culture.Start to mid-August from mid-May, 2014, room temperature controls at about 25 DEG C, illumination based on few time secretly; The indoor temperature of mid-August to mid-November, humidity and light treatment break dormancy processed group with low temperature.
Statistics terminal bud flowering stage, use artificial low temperature treatment break one group of dormancy method October 30 80% kind of ball terminal bud bloom, do not do control group that low temperature breaks dormancy process November 15 80% kind of ball terminal bud bloom.Can find out, use low temperature treatment of the present invention to break dormancy method, advance flowering period can be made about 15 days.
Embodiment 2
The different flower picking period is on the impact of crocin content in filigree finished product
In November, 2014, choose the flower (Fig. 1) adopting artificial hypothermia to break the Different flower stages of dormancy process, florescence chooses 4 time points: front 3 days (-3d) of blooming, to bloom front 2 days (-2d), to bloom front 1 day (-1d), flowering stage (0d), meanwhile, choose do not do low temperature treatment flowering stage (0d) flower in contrast.Be separated filigree, in baking oven, dry filigree for 100 DEG C.According to the method for regulation in " Chinese Pharmacopoeia ", measure the crocin content in Different flower stages west safflower filigree.Crocin I and crocin II standard items purchased from Shanghai through chemistry Science and Technology Ltd. of section.Measurement result is as follows:
| Florescence | Crocin I content (%) | Crocin II content (%) | Crocin total content (%) |
| -3d | 29.86 | 8.88 | 38.74 |
| -2d | 28.09 | 9.14 | 37.23 |
| -1d | 27.71 | 8.69 | 36.40 |
| 0d | 26.19 | 8.13 | 34.32 |
| Contrast | 26.12 | 8.17 | 34.29 |
Can find out, at Different flower stages, in filigree, the content of crocin is different, and 3 days content is the highest before flowering, then reduces gradually with the florescence.Consider the complexity that in production, west safflower flower is plucked, within first 2 days, be suitable for picking flowers to bloom, and in filigree, the content of crocin is higher.In addition, the analysis of crocin content in flowering stage (0d) filigree breaking dormancy by artificial hypothermia and do not do low temperature treatment, can find out that both differences are little, therefore artificial hypothermia breaks dormancy process does not affect crocin content.
Embodiment 3
Different bake out temperature is on the impact of crocin content in filigree finished product
In November, 2014, choose the flower of blooming first 2 days, be separated filigree, set different bake out temperatures (40 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C), in baking oven, dry filigree.According to the method for regulation in " Chinese Pharmacopoeia ", measure the impact of different bake out temperature on the crocin content in west safflower filigree.Crocin I and crocin II standard items purchased from Shanghai through chemistry Science and Technology Ltd. of section.Measurement result is as follows:
| Bake out temperature | Crocin I content (%) | Crocin II content (%) | Crocin total content (%) |
| 40℃ | 27.41 | 8.17 | 35.58 |
| 60℃ | 27.38 | 8.08 | 35.46 |
| 80℃ | 27.33 | 7.88 | 35.21 |
| 100℃ | 29.43 | 9.15 | 38.58 |
Can find out, under 100 DEG C of furnace drying methods, crocin content is the highest, reaches 38.58%, exceeds 3 percentage points than other bake out temperatures.40 DEG C, 60 DEG C and the changes of contents of 80 DEG C three bake out temperatures to crocin not obvious, at 40 DEG C, content is slightly high.Meanwhile, high temperature (100 DEG C) short time drying and processing is all better than other three bake out temperatures in filigree finished product color and luster and outward appearance.Therefore, adopt the method for 100 DEG C of oven for drying in actual production, in filigree finished product, the content of crocin is higher.
Embodiment 4
Different filigree storage practice is on the impact of crocin content in filigree finished product
In December, 2013, the filigree after drying is put in airtight preservation in vial, and a part is placed on stored at room temperature, and another part is in 4 DEG C of low temperature storages.In December, 2014, according to the method for regulation in " Chinese Pharmacopoeia ", measure the impact of different storage procedures on the crocin content in west safflower filigree.Crocin I and crocin II standard items purchased from Shanghai through chemistry Science and Technology Ltd. of section.Result shows, in the room temperature storage filigree of a year, crocin total content is 25.57%, and crocin total content is 30.32% in 4 DEG C of low temperature storages filigree of a year.Therefore, filigree storage practice of the present invention can extend filigree storage time, slows down the reduction of crocin content in storage.
Claims (8)
1. a production and processing method for west safflower, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) mid-July is to mid-August, manually breaks dormancy to Crocus bulb;
(2) mid-August is to mid-November, will manually break the indoor added cultivation of the Crocus bulb after dormancy;
(3) within 0-3 days, pick flowers before flowering, be separated and obtain filigree;
(4) by filigree in 40-100 DEG C of oven dry;
(5) filigree airtight storage below 10 DEG C of will dry.
2. the production and processing method of west safflower as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), the method for described artificial broken dormancy is: be placed in by Crocus bulb in airtight container, 4 DEG C of process 1 month.
3. the production and processing method of west safflower as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), within 2 days, pick flowers before flowering.
4. the production and processing method of west safflower as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (4), the temperature of described oven dry is 100 DEG C.
5. the production and processing method of west safflower as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (5), the temperature of described storage is 4 DEG C.
6. the production and processing method of west safflower as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the method for the added cultivation in described indoor is: mid-August, lucifuge, controlled indoor temperature 25 DEG C, relative moisture 80% to mid-September; Mid-September, lucifuge, controlled indoor temperature 22 DEG C, relative moisture 80% to late October; Late October, to mid-November, controls indoor temperature 16 DEG C, relative moisture 75%.
7. the production and processing method of west safflower as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, mid-May to mid-July, before artificial broken dormancy, by indoor for Crocus bulb added cultivation.
8. the production and processing method of west safflower as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the condition of the added cultivation in described indoor is: lucifuge, controls indoor temperature 25 DEG C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510347458.9A CN104982184A (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Production processing method for crocus sativus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510347458.9A CN104982184A (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Production processing method for crocus sativus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104982184A true CN104982184A (en) | 2015-10-21 |
Family
ID=54294203
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510347458.9A Pending CN104982184A (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Production processing method for crocus sativus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104982184A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105920227A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-07 | 上海市药材有限公司 | Preparation method of saffron decoction piece |
| CN105961011A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏丰收大地种业发展有限公司 | Planting method for saffron crocus tissue culture micro bulbotubers |
| CN106171287A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 湖州市中心医院 | A kind of Stigma Croci collection improving saffron glucoside content and processing method |
| CN107047050A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-18 | 贵州山乡原生态农业开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to break the cultural method for rescuing heart dish summer dormancy and the annually cultivating method for rescuing heart dish |
| CN108990461A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 浙江大学 | Break the method for west safflower suspend mode |
| CN112931086A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-11 | 南京农业大学 | Method for differentiating saffron buds in advance |
| CN112931012A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 南京林业大学 | Leaf-used ginkgo ridge culture planting method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103782790A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-14 | 湖州市中心医院 | Method for cultivating saffron buds |
-
2015
- 2015-06-19 CN CN201510347458.9A patent/CN104982184A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103782790A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-14 | 湖州市中心医院 | Method for cultivating saffron buds |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 冯楠: "潮土区藏红花优质高产栽培技术", 《河南农业》 * |
| 周珠扬等: "藏红花的特征特性、作用及发展前景", 《西藏科技》 * |
| 李军等: "我国藏红花离体快繁技术研究进展", 《中国园艺文摘》 * |
| 饶君凤等: "浙江省西红花"二段法"优质高产栽培技术研究", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105961011A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏丰收大地种业发展有限公司 | Planting method for saffron crocus tissue culture micro bulbotubers |
| CN105920227A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-07 | 上海市药材有限公司 | Preparation method of saffron decoction piece |
| CN105920227B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2019-12-03 | 上海市药材有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of west safflower medicine materical crude slice |
| CN106171287A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 湖州市中心医院 | A kind of Stigma Croci collection improving saffron glucoside content and processing method |
| CN106171287B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-05-11 | 湖州市中心医院 | A kind of safflower collection for improving saffron glucoside content and processing method |
| CN107047050A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-18 | 贵州山乡原生态农业开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to break the cultural method for rescuing heart dish summer dormancy and the annually cultivating method for rescuing heart dish |
| CN108990461A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 浙江大学 | Break the method for west safflower suspend mode |
| CN112931086A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-11 | 南京农业大学 | Method for differentiating saffron buds in advance |
| CN112931012A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 南京林业大学 | Leaf-used ginkgo ridge culture planting method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104982184A (en) | Production processing method for crocus sativus | |
| CN1109504C (en) | Process for preparing black oolong tea | |
| CN104171172A (en) | Processing method of tea flowers | |
| CN103843574A (en) | Planting method of Fuding large white tea | |
| CN105850725A (en) | Pitaya pollination method | |
| CN104303813A (en) | Planting method of purple perilla | |
| CN115589892B (en) | Tea tree light supplementing cultivation method | |
| CN101828621A (en) | Method for manufacturing wild jujube tea | |
| CN105559040A (en) | Bamboo fungus drying method | |
| CN108834779B (en) | Method for cultivating high-yield plant type of overwintering tomato in sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN103081665A (en) | High-yield pepper cultivation method | |
| CN105475991A (en) | Bamboo fungus processing technology method | |
| Youngner | Physiology of growth and development | |
| CN108157002B (en) | Method for cultivating third batch of fruiting in south fresh-eating grape year | |
| CN103814762A (en) | Supplementing lighting method for improving cultivating quality of peonies for Lunar New Year | |
| KR101281934B1 (en) | Nado Lantern New breed Prince | |
| CN107494252A (en) | A kind of method for improving eggplant hybrid seeding efficiency | |
| CN103597977A (en) | Production method of Yixian County sweet potatoes | |
| KR101868116B1 (en) | Method and System for producing Sparassis crispa using Rubus coreanus | |
| CN105961376A (en) | Storage method for keeping pitaya pollen activity | |
| CN101283649B (en) | Artificial tasseling production method for fresh corn silk | |
| Varga et al. | Studies concerning the sowing period in the arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.) plants development | |
| CN104969757A (en) | Manual low-temperature treatment and greenhouse promoting early-maturing culture method for fresh-eaten broad bean | |
| CN111202141A (en) | Tea processing technology | |
| CN102499055A (en) | Artificially assisted pollination method for crisp pears |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20151021 |