CN104870228A - 混合动力车辆的驱动装置 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆的驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104870228A
CN104870228A CN201380066179.4A CN201380066179A CN104870228A CN 104870228 A CN104870228 A CN 104870228A CN 201380066179 A CN201380066179 A CN 201380066179A CN 104870228 A CN104870228 A CN 104870228A
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gear
transmission mechanism
electrical motor
actuating device
poewr transmission
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CN104870228B (zh
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大木真二郎
奥田隆之
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/0457—Splash lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
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    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
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    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的混合动力车辆的驱动装置具有：变速器，其与发动机的发动机输出轴结合；离合器，其与变速器的变速器输出轴结合；第一齿轮，其与离合器的离合器输出轴结合；终端减速齿轮，其总是与第一齿轮啮合；驱动轴，其与终端减速齿轮结合；动力传递机构，其具有与电动机结合的第一旋转元件和与终端减速齿轮啮合且随着旋转元件的旋转而旋转的第二旋转元件。而且，动力传递机构以从各齿轮的旋转轴方向观察，连接第一旋转元件的旋转轴和第二旋转元件的旋转轴的线相对于车载时的车辆上下方向向第一齿轮侧倾斜的方式设置。

Description

混合动力车辆的驱动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及搭载发动机和电动机的混合动力车辆的驱动装置。
背景技术
作为这种混合动力车辆的驱动装置，已知有例如专利文献1记载的装置。该车辆的第一电动机10经由电动机用变速装置17与输出轴17a结合。电动机用变速装置17由行星齿轮构成，第一电动机10、输出轴17a和电动机用变速装置17沿轴方向配置成一列。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:(日本)专利第3584680号公报
发明所要解决的课题
但是，对于电动机用变速装置17的润滑未作考虑，需要对用于确保润滑油的构成进行研究。
发明内容
本发明着眼于上述课题，其目的在于，提供一种可确保润滑性能的混合动力车辆的驱动装置。
为了该目的，本发明的混合动力车辆的驱动装置具有：变速器，其与发动机的发动机输出轴结合；离合器，其与变速器的变速器输出轴结合；第一齿轮，其与离合器的离合器输出轴结合；终端减速齿轮，其总是与第一齿轮啮合；驱动轴，其与终端减速齿轮结合；动力传递机构，其具有与电动机结合的第一旋转元件和与终端减速齿轮啮合且随着旋转元件的旋转而旋转的第二旋转元件。而且，动力传递机构以从各齿轮的旋转轴方向观察，连接第一旋转元件的旋转轴和第二旋转元件的旋转轴的线相对于车载时的车辆上下方向向第一齿轮侧倾斜的方式设置。
即，通过在终端减速齿轮上总是啮合第一齿轮和动力传递机构，可向动力传递机构供给利用终端减速齿轮溅起的润滑油。而且，通过使连接第一旋转元件的旋转轴和第二旋转元件的旋转轴的线向第一齿轮侧倾斜，供给到动力传递机构的润滑油也向第一齿轮供给，因此，能润滑第一齿轮和动力传递机构这双方。
附图说明
图1是表示实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置的驱动系及其整体控制系统的概略系统图；
图2是表示实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置的布局构成的概略图；
图3是实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置的车载状态下的从曲轴侧观察到的概略图；
图4是在实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置中收装动力传递机构的部分的局部放大剖面图。
符号说明
1 发动机
1a 发动机排气配管
2 电动机(电动机)
4 V型带式无级变速器
5 驱动轮
9a 第一齿轮
11 动力传递机构
11a 第二齿轮
11c 第四齿轮
30 终端减速装置
31 终端减速齿轮
33 驱动轴
50 变速驱动桥箱体
50a 安装面
50b 第一内壁
50c 第二内壁
CL 离合器
具体实施方式
(实施例1)
图1是表示实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置的驱动系及及其整体控制系统的概略系统图。图1的混合动力车辆搭载发动机1和电动机2作为动力源，发动机1通过起动电动机3起动。发动机1经由V型带式无级变速器4可与驱动轮5适当断开地驱动结合，无级变速器4以下说明其概略。
无级变速器4是通过由初级带轮6、次级带轮7、绕挂于这些带轮6、7间的V型带8构成的变速机构构成的无级变速机构CVT。初级带轮6经由带锁止离合器的液力变矩器T/C，与发动机1的输出轴即曲轴结合，次级带轮7依次经由离合器CL、主减速器组9和终端减速装置30的差动机构32(参照图2)与驱动轮5结合。在此，主减速器组9表示与离合器CL的输出轴结合的第一齿轮9a和终端减速装置30的终端减速齿轮31的啮合。
这样，在离合器CL的联接状态下，来自发动机1的动力经过液力变矩器T/C输入到初级带轮6，之后依次经过V型带8、次级带轮7、离合器CL和主减速器9到达驱动轮5，供混合动力车辆的行驶。
电动机2经由动力传递机构11总是与驱动轮5结合，该电动机2利用蓄电池12的电力，经由逆变器13而驱动。在此，动力传递机构11表示与电动机2的输出轴结合的第二齿轮11a(第一旋转元件)、与第二齿轮11a啮合的第三齿轮11b、和与第三齿轮11b及终端减速齿轮31啮合的第四齿轮11c(第二旋转元件)啮合的终端减速齿轮31啮合。
逆变器13将蓄电池12的直流电力变换为交流电力，供给电动机2，并且通过加减向电动机2的供给电力，对电动机2进行驱动力控制和旋转方向控制。
此外，电动机2除上述电动机驱动外，还作为发电机发挥功能，还供后面详述的再生制动用。该再生制动时逆变器13通过在电动机2上施加再生制动力产生的发电负荷，使电动机2作为发电机发挥作用，在蓄电池12中储存电动机2的发电电力。
实施例1的混合动力车辆在释放离合器CL并且停止发动机1的状态下，通过驱动电动机2，仅电动机2的动力经动力传递机构11到达驱动轮5，以仅通过电动机2的电动行驶模式(EV模式)进行行驶。这期间，通过释放离合器CL，使停止状态的发动机1不旋转，抑制EV行驶中的无效电力消耗。
当在上述的EV行驶状态下通过起动发动机3使发动机1起动，并且使离合器CL联接时，则来自发动机1的动力依次经液力变矩器T/C、初级带轮6、V型带8、次级带轮7、离合器CL和主减速器组9到达驱动轮5，混合动力车辆以通过发动机1和电动机2的混合行驶模式(HEV模式)进行行驶。
在使混合动力车辆从上述的行驶状态停车或保持在该停车状态时，通过制动钳15夹压与驱动轮5一起旋转的制动盘14而制动，从而实现目的。制动钳15与驾驶员踩踏的制动踏板16的踏力响应，在负压式制动助力器17的增力下，与输出制动踏板踏力对应的制动液压的主缸18连接，通过该制动液压使制动钳15工作而进行制动盘14的制动。混合动力车辆在EV模式及HEV模式的任一模式下，都能够通过与驾驶员踩踏加速踏板19而指令的驱动力指令对应的转矩而驱动车轮5，保持与驾驶员的要求对应的驱动力而进行行驶。
混合动力车辆的行驶模式选择、发动机1的输出控制、电动机2的旋转方向控制及输出控制、无级变速器4的变速控制、离合器CL的联接、释放控制、蓄电池12的充放电控制分别由混合控制器21进行。这时，混合控制器21经由对应的发动机控制器22、电动机控制器23、变速器控制器24、和蓄电池控制器25进行它们的控制。
因此，向混合控制器21输入来自踩踏制动踏板16的制动时从断开(OFF)变换为接通(ON)的常开开关即制动开关26的信号、来自检测加速踏板踩踏量(加速踏板开度)APO的加速开度传感器27的信号。混合控制器21还在发动机控制器22、电动机控制器23、变速器控制器24、和蓄电池控制器25之间进行内部信息的交换。
发动机控制器22与来自混合控制器21的指令响应，输出控制发动机1，电动机控制器23与来自混合控制器21的指令响应，经由逆变器13进行电动机2的旋转方向控制及输出控制。变速器控制器24与来自混合控制器21指令响应，以来自由发动机驱动的油泵O/P的油作为介质，进行无级变速器4(V型带式无级变速机构CVT)的变速控制及离合器CL的联接、释放控制。蓄电池控制器25与来自混合控制器21的指令响应，进行蓄电池12的充放电控制。
图2是表示实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置的布局构成的概略图。发动机1及电动机2以发动机1的曲轴和电动机旋转轴平行的方式配置，两者均被安装于变速驱动桥箱体50的安装面50a。换言之，发动机1和电动机2以从安装面50a即大体相同的平面突出的方式被组装。在变速驱动桥箱体50内收装有液力变矩器T/C、无级变速器4、离合器CL、第一齿轮9a、终端减速装置30、动力传递机构11。
在发动机1的安装面50a侧的相反侧的部分设有发动机排气配管(或进气配管)1a。另外，驱动轴33结合于变速驱动桥箱体50的下方。因此，若在径方向观察，则电动机2设置于由驱动轴33和发动机1夹持的区域内，若在轴方向观察，则电动机2设置于由安装面50a和发动机排气配管1a夹持的区域内。
此外，图2中，在纸面上记载第一齿轮9a和第四齿轮11c时，为便于说明将它们邻接记载，但实际上第一齿轮9a和第四齿轮11c均如图3所记载，在与终端减速齿轮31的旋转轴垂直的方向的同一面上与终端减速齿轮31啮合。
图3是实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置的车载状态下的从曲轴侧观察到的概略图。动力传递机构11由第二、第三及第四齿轮11a、11b、11c构成，且以第二齿轮11a在自驱动轴33离开的位置的方式配置。换言之，配置于驱动轴33和第二齿轮11a的轴间距离比驱动轴33和第一齿轮9a的轴间距离大的位置。而且，电动机2与第二齿轮11a连接，确保电动机2的旋转轴和驱动轴33的轴间距离，通过动力传递机构11，可实现电动机2的外径尺寸的大型化。另外，在收装动力传递机构11的变速驱动桥箱体50形成有沿动力传递机构11的外缘形成的第一内壁50b，另外，在与第一内壁50b相连的第二齿轮11a的上方形成有朝向第一齿轮9a弯曲的第二内壁50c。利用这些第一内壁50b及第二内壁50c，在动力传递机构11和变速驱动桥箱体50内壁之间形成有可导入润滑油的油路。
图4是在实施例1的混合动力车辆的驱动装置中收装动力传递机构的部分的局部放大剖面图。变速驱动桥箱体50由收装液力变矩器T/C的转换器壳体51、收装无级变速器4等的变速器箱体52构成。这时，构成动力传递机构11的第二、第三及第四齿轮11a、11b、11c被收装于转换器壳体51和变速器箱体52之间。由此，可以不在安装面50a侧设置减速机构等而安装电动机2，通过确保发动机排气配管1a和安装面50a之间的空间，能使电动机2的轴方向尺寸大型化。
此外，实施例1中，动力传递机构11作为具有两轴以上的齿轮的机构，因此，可有效地增大驱动轴33和电动机2的旋转轴的距离。另外，由于动力传递机构11为减速机构，因此，可进行电动机2的转矩增大，容易确保车辆所需要的起步时的驱动力或确保加速时的驱动力。
另外，在车载变速驱动桥箱体50的状态下，将电动机2配置于驱动轴33的旋转轴的上方。换言之，从车辆上面观察时，驱动轴33的旋转轴配置于与电动机2的向车辆下方的投影面重叠的位置。即，在使用动力传递机构11确保驱动轴33和电动机2的旋转轴的轴间距离的情况下，因设在驱动轴33的上方，在车辆上面看时，可以实现驱动装置整体的小型化，即使产生电动机2的构造的大型化，也可以提供作为整体紧凑的驱动装置。
在此，返回图3，对实施例1的作用效果进行说明。与离合器CL同一轴上的第一齿轮9a设置于初级带轮6和终端减速装置30之间，在前进时的终端减速装置30的旋转方向的相反方向侧设置有动力传递机构11。换言之，朝向终端减速齿轮31的前进时的旋转方向依次配置动力传递机构11和第一齿轮9a。
在此，将动力传递机构11的第四齿轮11c(第二旋转元件)的旋转轴设为轴O1，将第二齿轮11a(第一旋转元件)的旋转轴设为轴O2，将通过轴O1和轴O2的直线定义为线L1。这时，动力传递机构11从各齿轮的旋转轴方向观察，以线L1相对于车载时的车辆上下方向向第一齿轮9a侧倾斜的方式配置。另外，具体而言，在车辆上面看，动力传递机构11以与终端减速装置30和第一齿轮9a(或离合器CL)重合(重叠)的方式配置。
图3的阴影区域表示润滑油100。这样，在变速驱动桥箱体50内的下方贮存润滑油100，各旋转元件溅起润滑油100向上部啮合的部分等供给润滑油100。假如追加动力传递机构11时，设想使线L1向第一齿轮9a的相反侧倾斜的情况。这时，通过终端减速齿轮31溅起的润滑油100向动力传递机构11供给后，未供至第一齿轮9a而落下，难以向第一齿轮9a或离合器CL供给充分的润滑油。
即，第一齿轮9a相对于终端减速齿轮31的啮合位置在终端减速齿轮31的旋转方向为第四齿轮11c相对于终端减速齿轮31的啮合位置的下游。因此，通过终端减速齿轮31溅起的润滑油100其大部分用于动力传递机构11的润滑，在第一齿轮9a只供给在终端减速齿轮31和第四齿轮11c啮合后残留于终端减速齿轮31的齿面的一点点润滑油。
于是，在实施例1中，在配置动力传递机构11时，以轴L1向第一齿轮9a侧倾斜的方式构成，而且，沿着动力传递机构11，在变速驱动桥箱体50的内壁形成第一内壁50b和第二内壁50c，在动力传递机构11和变速驱动桥箱体50内壁之间形成可导入润滑油的油路。由此，如利用图3的粗虚线箭头所示，在终端减速齿轮31溅起的润滑油100供给动力传递机构11的各旋转元件后，可向第一齿轮9a滴下，能向第一齿轮9a或离合器CL供给充分的润滑油100。
如以上说明，在实施例1中得到下述列举的作用效果。
(1)具有：无级变速器4(变速器)，其与发动机1的发动机输出轴结合；离合器CL，其与无级变速器4的变速器输出轴结合；第一齿轮9a，其与离合器CL的离合器输出轴结合；终端减速齿轮31，其总是与第一齿轮9a啮合；驱动轴33，其与终端减速齿轮31结合；动力传递机构11，其具有与电动机2(电动机)结合的第二齿轮11a(第一旋转元件)、与终端减速齿轮31啮合并随着第二齿轮11a的旋转而旋转的第四齿轮11c(第二旋转元件)，动力传递机构11以从各齿轮的旋转轴方向观察，连接第二齿轮11a的旋转轴O1和第四齿轮11c的旋转轴O2的线L1相对于车载时的车辆上下方向向第一齿轮9a侧倾斜的方式设置。
即，通过第一齿轮9a和动力传递机构11总是与终端减速齿轮31啮合，通过终端减速齿轮31溅起的润滑油可供给动力传递机构11。而且，通过使线L1向第一齿轮9a侧倾斜，供给到动力传递机构11的润滑油也能供给向第一齿轮9a，因此，可以润滑第一齿轮9a及动力传递机构11这双方。
(2)朝向终端减速齿轮31的前进时的旋转方向依次配置动力传递机构11和第一齿轮9a。
由此，如图3的粗虚线箭头所示，通过终端减速齿轮31溅起的润滑油100供给到动力传递机构11的各旋转元件后，可向第一齿轮9a滴下，可以向第一齿轮9a或离合器CL供给充分的润滑油100。
(3)从车辆上面观察时，第二齿轮11a配置于与第一齿轮9a重叠的位置。
因此，可以高效地向第一齿轮9a或离合器CL供给通过动力传递机构11溅起的润滑油100。
(4)变速驱动桥箱体50由成为发动机侧的转换器壳体51和成为无级变速器侧的变速器箱体52构成，动力传递机构11收装于转换器壳体51和变速器箱体52之间。
因此，可以不在安装面50a侧设置减速机构等而安装电动机2，通过确保发动机排气配管1a和安装面50a之间的空间，可以使电动机2的轴方向尺寸大型化。另外，由于在变速驱动桥箱体50内设有动力传递机构11，所以与电动机2a结合时，没有必要在轴方向配置减速器等，可以确保轴方向的空间。另外，结合电动机2a的第二齿轮11a和驱动轴33的轴间距离比驱动轴33和第一齿轮9a的轴间距离大，因此，电动机2a的外径的自由度增大，可以使电动机2a的结构大型化。因此，扩大电动机2a可驱动车辆的车速区域，且扩大可再生的车辆的减速车速区域，因此，可以实现燃耗率的改善。
(5)在车载变速驱动桥箱体50的状态下，在驱动轴33旋转轴的上方配置电动机2。换言之，在车载变速驱动桥箱体50的状态下，从车辆上面观察时，驱动轴33的旋转轴配置于与电动机2重叠的位置。
即，在使用动力传递机构11确保驱动轴33和电动机2的旋转轴的轴间距离的情况下，通过设为驱动轴33的上方，从车辆上面观察，可以实现驱动装置整体的小型化，即使产生电动机2的结构的大型化，也可以提供作为整体紧凑的驱动装置。
以上，基于各实施例说明了本发明，但不限于上述构成，即使是其它的构成，也包含于本发明中。
例如，实施例中，作为动力传递机构11表示组合了齿轮的例子，但不限于齿轮，也可以由链和链轮构成。另外，在实施例中，表示了第一齿轮9a和终端减速齿轮31啮合，动力传递机构11和终端减速齿轮31啮合的例子，但也可以是动力传递机构11和第一齿轮9a啮合。
另外，在实施例中，表示了搭载有混合动力车辆的电动机2的例子，但即使是搭载向设置于其它轮的电动机供给驱动电流的大型发电机的情况，同样也可适用。另外，表示了电动机的例子，但在设有作为四轮驱动单元的传动装置时，也可以适用本发明。
另外，在实施例1的混合动力车辆中，表示了搭载无级变速器4的例子，但不限于无级变速器4，也可以是其它的有级变速器。另外，代替离合器CL，也可以搭载由多个摩擦联接元件构成的行星齿轮机构，并搭载可适当变速的副变速装置。
另外，实施例中，表示了通过起动电动机3进行发动机再起动的构成，但不用说也可以是其它构成。具体而言，近年来，作为带怠速停止功能的车辆，将交流发电机置换为电动发电机，通过在该电动发电机上增加交流发电机功能，并附加发动机起动功能，由此，在从怠速停止的发动机再起动时，不是通过起动电动机而是通过该电动发电机进行发动机再起动的技术被实用化。本申请发明也可以是通过上述这种电动发电机进行发动机再起动的构成。

Claims (6)

1.一种混合动力车辆的驱动装置，其特征在于，具有：
变速器，其与发动机的发动机输出轴结合；
离合器，其与所述变速器的变速器输出轴结合；
第一齿轮，其与所述离合器的离合器输出轴结合；
终端减速齿轮，其总是与所述第一齿轮啮合；
驱动轴，其与所述终端减速齿轮结合；
动力传递机构，其具有与电动机结合的第一旋转元件和与所述终端减速齿轮啮合且随着所述旋转元件的旋转而旋转的第二旋转元件，
所述动力传递机构以从各齿轮的旋转轴方向观察，连接所述第一旋转元件的旋转轴和所述第二旋转元件的旋转轴的线相对于车载时的车辆上下方向向所述第一齿轮侧倾斜的方式设置。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆的驱动装置，其特征在于，
朝向所述终端减速齿轮前进时的旋转方向依次配置所述动力传递机构和所述第一齿轮。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆的驱动装置，其特征在于，
从车辆上面观察时，所述第一旋转元件配置于与所述第一齿轮重叠的位置。
4.如权利要求1～3中任一项所述的混合动力车辆的驱动装置，其特征在于，
所述变速驱动桥箱体由成为所述发动机侧的转换器壳体和成为所述变速器侧的变速器箱体构成，
所述动力传递机构收装于所述转换器壳体和所述变速器箱体之间。
5.如权利要求1～4中任一项所述的混合动力车辆的驱动装置，其特征在于，
在车载所述变速驱动桥箱体的状态下，所述电动机配置在所述驱动轴的旋转轴的上方。
6.如权利要求1～5中任一项所述的混合动力车辆的驱动装置，其特征在于，
在车载所述变速驱动桥箱体的状态下，从车辆上面观察时，所述驱动轴的旋转轴配置于与所述电动机重叠的位置。
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