CN104855217A - Method for culturing ornamental fruit rugosa tree - Google Patents
Method for culturing ornamental fruit rugosa tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN104855217A CN104855217A CN201510243251.7A CN201510243251A CN104855217A CN 104855217 A CN104855217 A CN 104855217A CN 201510243251 A CN201510243251 A CN 201510243251A CN 104855217 A CN104855217 A CN 104855217A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing an ornamental fruit rugosa tree and belongs to the field of garden plant culturing. The method for culturing the ornamental fruit rugosa tree comprises the steps that a rose is cultured into a forming stock, an ornamental fruit rugosa scion is grafted, and management after grafting is carried out; or a rose is cultured into the forming stock, mixing grafting of an ornamental fruit rugosa scion and an ornamental flower rugosa scion is carried out, and management after grafting is carried out. According to the method, the stock and scion grafting combination, the grafting period and the fixed trunk height of the stock are optimized, and it is found that the best grafting compatibility is achieved with the American floribunda no-thorn rose as the stock and a pink single-lobe rose; the grafting survival rate is the highest when grafting is carried out in the middle ten days of March; and the ornamental effect is the best when the fixed trunk height of the stock ranges from 85 cm to 95 cm. The ornamental fruit rugosa tree cultured through the method has an independent trunk, the tree shape is full and attractive, and both fruits and flowers can be ornamented; due to the fact that the ornamental fruit rugosa and the ornamental flower rugosa are grafted on the same stock, the flower ornamental effect can be further improved, the bloom time can be prolonged, and the ornamental value and the commercial value of the ornamental fruit rugosa tree can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method seeing fruit roserush, belong to ornamental plant cultivation field.
Background technology
Along with the continuous lifting of modern city greening level, fruit viewing trees just progressively applies in afforestation.Seeing fruit rose is the sight fruit shrub that a kind of ornamental value of recent development seed selection and economic worth are very high, and its fruit is scarlet, salmon pink or yellow, and sparkling and crystal-clear gorgeous, the phase of bearing fruit is long, is excellent autumn and winter season fruit viewing trees.But seeing fruit rose is bush, tree-like short, reduces its appreciation effect.For enriching the garden landscape of north autumn and winter further, increase greening seedling resource autumn and winter, improve the ornamental value seeing fruit rose, urgently develop a kind of breeding method seeing fruit roserush, sight fruit rose is become and there is independent trunk, tree-like plentiful sight fruit or see flower seeds.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of breeding method seeing fruit roserush, the shaping rose stock of cultivation is grafted in by seeing fruit rose, formed and have the plentiful sight fruit of independent trunk, tree-shaped or see flower roserush, the method is easy and simple to handle, and survival rate is high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method seeing fruit roserush, comprise the following steps:
Rose is cultivated into shaping stock, and the scion of fruit rose is seen in grafting, carries out managing after grafting, to obtain final product;
Or rose is cultivated into shaping stock, and mixing grafting is seen fruit rose scion and is seen the scion of flower rose, carries out managing after grafting, to obtain final product.
Wherein, described rose is selected from any one that the U.S. spends more in stingless rose, multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), powder ball rose (Rosa multiflora var.cathayensis), Rosa microcarpa (Rosacymosavar.crymosa), lotus rose (Rosa multiflora.f.carnea), Japanese stingless rose or white jade hall (Rosa multiflora.var.alba-plena); Be preferably the U.S. and spend more stingless rose.
The present invention is to stock, optimization experiment has been carried out in the different grafting combinations of scion, stingless rose is spent more respectively with the U.S., No. M1, the U.S., No. M2, the U.S., Rosa microcarpa, lotus rose, the stingless rose of Japan, multiflora rose, powder ball rose, white jade halls etc. are the pink single-lobe rose of stock grafting sight fruit rose, spend single-lobe rose in vain, large fruit rose, double white rose or Miaofeng Shan Mountain rose, result shows, it is best that sight fruit rose pink single-lobe rose and the U.S. spend more stingless rose compatibility, the rugosity of scion and stock obviously can be increased after grafting, scionwood slightly increases 12.5mm then, stock branch girth growth increases 13.6mm, the branch girth growth amount of scion after grafting, stock forms significant difference (p≤0.05) compared with other stock varieties.Therefore, the present invention sees fruit rose scion preferred powder clearance permit lobe rose, and the preferred U.S. of stock variety spends more stingless rose, and this kind growth potential is strong, and stingless, dryness is good, sees really roserush grafting and can form commercial seedling in 1 year.
The time of grafting of the present invention is December, mid-March (on March-20 on the 15th), mid-April (on April-15 on the 10th), mid-May (on May-15 on the 10th), early October (on October-10 on the 5th); Be preferably mid-March; Wherein, (10-15 DEG C) grafting in the facility of heating in December, mid-March is (15-18 DEG C) grafting in cold canopy, and the scion that grafting uses is for cutting refrigeration (0-4 DEG C) November; Mid-April in open country grafting, rose stock sprout growth, rose bud expanded not yet sprout time grafting; Mid-May, early October are at bud grafting in open air.
The present invention has carried out optimization experiment to grafting period, result shows, plant hat width, individual plant setting number and other grafting periods (December, mid-April etc.) of mid-March (on March-20 on the 15th) grafting form significant difference (p≤0.05), and graft survival rate is high.The survival rate 95% of grafting mid-March, branch growth potential is strong then, maximum hat 55 × 58cm, and the average setting number of individual plant can reach 65; Early October grafting, graft survival rate is 85%, and the average setting number of individual plant is 48; Grafting in December, graft survival rate is 84%, the average setting number of individual plant 45; The middle ten days in April, graft survival rate was 85% in open country grafting, the average setting number of individual plant 40; Grafting at the beginning of 3 months, graft survival rate is 80%, the average setting number of individual plant 42; The survival rate of grafting in the middle ten days in May is lower than 60%.Therefore, grafting period of the present invention is preferably mid-March (on March-20 on the 15th).
Shaping stock of the present invention has 5-10 branch, and the straight frontlighting of trunk is sliding, and trunk diameter >=1.5cm, Branch diameter >=0.5cm; Wherein, the heading height of described shaping stock is 45-115cm, is preferably 65-95cm, most preferably is 85-95cm.
The present invention carries out optimization experiment to the heading height of stock, the appreciation effect of more different stock heading height 45-55cm, 65-75cm, 85-95cm, 105-115cm.According to growth potential, the anvil fringe height ratio (with the golden section proportion 1.47 of stock, scion for best) after seeing fruit rose grafting and view and admire sight line, finally determine that the heading height of stock is 85-95cm, anvil fringe height ratio is 1.37-1.53, view and admire sight line for looking squarely, appreciation effect is best.
The method of grafting of the present invention adopts scion grafting (being with 2 buds) or band xylem bud sheet notch grafting, other grafting periods employing band xylem bud sheet notch grafting mid-April.
The position of grafting of the present invention is on the branch of shaping stock; Be preferably, grafting on the branch of shaping stock distance trunk 7-12cm; Most preferably be, at shaping stock bottom branch distance trunk 12cm place, top branch distance trunk 7cm place's grafting.
The cultivation of shaping stock of the present invention comprises: rose cuttings is carried out cuttage, sizing is pruned, to obtain final product.
Wherein, the height of described cuttings is 50-100cm, rugosity >=1.0cm; The present invention adopts differing heights (50-100cm), the cuttings of rugosity >=1.0cm carries out high bar cuttage, moves into land for growing field crops then after cutting survival, and vertical rod supports, and can cultivate into shaping rose stock next year; Compared with common short bar stock cottage method, stock cultivates time decreased 1 year;
Described cuttage comprises: by cuttings base portion at 100mg.L
-1indolebutyric acid in soak 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm × 15cm cuttage; The time of cuttage is November; Cuttage matrix used be perlite and vermiculite according to volume ratio 1:1 composition, or to be made up of according to volume ratio 2:2:1 perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite;
Described sizing pruning comprises: in stock trunk upper end 1/5, place carries out branch shaping, and every strain stock leaves and takes 5-10 branch, and the stock bud below branch, with going out with smearing, forms smooth trunk; Preferably, described branch thickness is consistent, and all directions are evenly distributed, each long branch 20cm; Cultivate trunk more than the diameter 1.5cm to stock, Branch diameter >=0.5cm is used for grafting.
In mixing grafting of the present invention, seeing flower rose Quantity of the scion is see fruit rose Quantity of the scion 1/3, notices that Category disposition is even.
The present invention, in order to collect excellent scion, selects the sight fruit rose variety that fruit is large, type is beautiful, look gorgeous to plant routinely, selects supporting kinds such as seeing flower rose to plant together simultaneously, build up cutting orchard.Can not be overstocked during plantation, and due to rose spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, so that manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, except normal liquid manure, outside plant protection management, inflorescence all to be cut when rose blooms, make it concentrate strength on nourishing and growing, to grow the full scion branch of bud.Sight fruit rose of the present invention is selected from pink single-lobe rose or spends single-lobe rose in vain; Described sight flower rose is four seasons rose (Rosa rugosaThunb).
Managing after grafting of the present invention comprises: from grafting point upwards 7cm place brachymemma branch after grafting completes; Monthly execute 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer; The pinching when grafted branch grows to 40-50cm, to inspire branch, makes tree-shaped plentiful attractive in appearance; Duty is watered, and peaceful wetting is not done; Bud on stock with going out with smearing, not only will can improve survival rate, and the growth of sight fruit roserush also can be made vigorous.
Breeding method of the present invention can be bred as finished product and see fruit roserush in 1 year.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) grafting of sight fruit rose is being cultivated shaping rose stock by the present invention, forms the excellent greening seedling can seeing flower, again considerable fruit.Meanwhile, sight fruit rose and the four seasons other roses such as rose mixing are grafted on stock, can increase further and see flower effect, extend flowering time, improve the ornamental value and commercial value of seeing fruit roserush.
(2) the present invention is preferred stock, scion grafting combination and grafting period, stingless rose is spent more for stock with the U.S., with pink single-lobe rose for scion, in grafting mid-March, graft compatibility is best, graft survival rate is up to 95%, and being preced with width is then 55 × 58cm, and individual plant setting number is 65.
(3) the present invention sees fruit roserush and has stronger cold resistance, and sight after grafting fruit roserush can open country safe overwintering in Beijing area, does not add any safeguard measure.Therefore, see fruit roserush and have wide market prospects in China, its industrialization is produced will have significant ecological benefits and social benefit.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.It should be understood that described embodiment is only exemplary, any restriction is not formed to scope of the present invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can modify to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form or replace down without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments or replacement all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
1, experiment material
See fruit rose variety: pink single-lobe rose, spend single-lobe rose in vain; Purchase derives from middle forest skill garden, Beijing science and technology limited Company;
The U.S. spends more stingless rose (buying source: middle forest skill garden, Beijing science and technology limited Company), No. M1, the U.S., No. M2, the U.S., multiflora rose, powder ball rose, Rosa microcarpa, lotus rose, Japanese stingless rose, white jade hall (buying source: middle forest skill garden, Beijing science and technology limited Company).
Embodiment 1 sees the cultivation of fruit roserush
(1) stock is cultivated: spend more stingless rose for stock with the U.S..Choose growth potential strong, stingless, cold-resistant perennial seedlings are mother plant for cutting.
Cutting time: November.First at the slotting machine of greenhouse or the built-in wide 1.5m of booth.In bed, matrix is perlite and vermiculite (volume ratio 1:1), and matrix laying depth is 20cm, waters permeable before cuttage.
The branch that the straight frontlighting of clip is slided does cuttings, and cuttings lower end is cut into inclined-plane, and upper end is cut into plane.Shear by certain length standard (80cm) and be bundled into bundle.Cuttings base portion is at 100mg.L
-1indolebutyric acid (IBA) in soak 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm × 15cm cuttage.Survived after 30d and taken root, upper nutritive cube divides cultivation.April moves into field planting, carries out normal water and fertilizer management.
Prune management: place carries out branch shaping in trunk upper end 1/5, it is even that all directions are left and taken in every strain, and 5-10 the branch that thickness is consistent, the stock bud below branch with going out with smearing, will form smooth trunk.When stock trunk diameter grows to more than 1.5cm, during Branch diameter >=more than 0.5cm, be used for grafting; Stock heading height 85-95cm.
(2) foundation of cutting orchard: select to see fruit rose variety (pink single-lobe rose) and plant routinely, select the supporting kind of four seasons rose to plant together simultaneously, build up cutting orchard.In order to collect excellent scion, can not be overstocked during plantation, and also due to rose spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, so that manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, except normal liquid manure, outside plant protection management, inflorescence all to be cut when rose blooms, make it concentrate and nourish and grow, to grow the full scion branch of bud.
(3) grafting:
A.3 the middle of the month (on March-20 on the 15th), (15-18 DEG C) grafting in cold canopy (scion branch is cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration by November).
B. before grafting, stock tree is pruned in sizing: one is for the ease of grafting operation, and two is the full tree-shaped for determining to see fruit roserush.Branch thickness that stock tree is selected and remain is consistent, and the branch that all directions are evenly distributed does grafted branch, and often tree stays 5-10, and each branch stays 20cm long, cuts branch.
C. grafting method: adopt band xylem bud sheet notch grafting, grafting on the branch of stock from trunk 7-12cm; Stock bottom branch is apart from trunk 12cm place's grafting, and top branch is apart from trunk 7cm place's grafting.On each branch of a stock tree, all fruit rose is seen in grafting.
D. again prune after grafting, reject stock rudiment, prune scion branch (grafting point is 7cm place cutting back upwards).
(4) management after grafting:
A. water: after grafting, first time waters permeable, to ensure the humidity of the moistening of ground and air, in order to grafting survival.Water with logistics, peaceful wetting is not done.
B. apply fertilizer: after grafting, monthly execute 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5-10g/ strain.
C. pruning: the bud on stock with going out with smearing, not only will can improve survival rate, the growth of sight fruit roserush also can be made vigorous.Prune through normal after scion grows up to branch, grafted branch grow to 40-50cm long time want pinching, inspire branch, make tree-shaped plentiful attractive in appearance.Grafting 3-4 month, take off lashings.Be in the sight fruit roserush of nursery stage in addition, after grafting the 1st year, all cut inflorescence, impel the quick growth of tree body.
D. carry out control and the weeding of damage by disease and insect in time, make sight fruit roserush have a better growing conditions.Finished product sight fruit roserush can be bred as in 1 year put on market.
The graft survival rate that the present invention sees fruit roserush is 95%, and branch growth potential is strong then, and October, maximum hat width reached 55 × 58cm, and the average setting number of individual plant can reach 68.
Embodiment 2 sees the cultivation of fruit roserush
(1) stock is cultivated: spend more stingless rose for stock with the U.S..Choose growth potential strong, stingless, cold-resistant perennial seedlings are mother plant for cutting.
Cutting time: November.First at the slotting machine of greenhouse or the built-in wide 1.5m of booth.In bed, matrix is perlite, and the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite (volume ratio 2:2:1), matrix laying depth is 20cm, waters permeable before cuttage.
The branch that the straight frontlighting of clip is slided does cuttings, and cuttings lower end is cut into inclined-plane, and upper end is cut into plane.Shear by certain length standard (50cm) and be bundled into bundle.Cuttings base portion is at 100mg.L
-1indolebutyric acid (IBA) in soak 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm × 15cm cuttage.Survived after 30d and taken root, upper nutritive cube divides cultivation.April moves into field planting, carries out normal water and fertilizer management.
Prune management: place carries out branch shaping in trunk upper end 1/5, it is even that all directions are left and taken in every strain, and 5-10 the branch that thickness is consistent, the stock bud below branch with going out with smearing, will form smooth trunk.When stock trunk diameter grows to more than 1.5cm, during Branch diameter >=more than 0.5cm, be used for grafting; Stock heading height 45-55cm.
(2) foundation of cutting orchard: select to see fruit rose variety (spending single-lobe rose in vain) and plant routinely, select the supporting kind of four seasons rose to plant together simultaneously, build up cutting orchard.In order to collect excellent scion, can not be overstocked during plantation, and also due to rose spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, so that manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, except normal liquid manure, outside plant protection management, inflorescence all to be cut when rose blooms, make it concentrate strength on nourishing and growing, to grow the full scion branch of bud.
(3) grafting:
A.12 month, (10-15 DEG C) grafting (scion branch is cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration by November) in the facility of heating.
B. before grafting, stock tree is pruned in sizing: one is for the ease of grafting operation, and two is the full tree-shaped for determining to see fruit roserush.Branch thickness that stock tree is selected and remain is consistent, and the branch that all directions are evenly distributed does grafted branch, and often tree stays 5-10, and each branch stays 20cm long, cuts branch.
C. grafting method: adopt band xylem bud sheet notch grafting, in the branch grafting of stock from trunk 7-12cm; Stock bottom branch is apart from trunk 12cm place's grafting, and top branch is apart from trunk 7cm place's grafting.On each branch of a stock tree, all fruit rose is seen in grafting.
D. again prune after grafting, reject stock rudiment, prune scion branch (grafting point is 7cm place cutting back upwards).
(4) management after grafting:
A. water: after grafting, first time waters permeable, to ensure the humidity of the moistening of ground and air, in order to grafting survival.Water with logistics, peaceful wetting is not done.
B. apply fertilizer: after grafting, monthly execute 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5-10g/ strain.
C. pruning: the bud on stock with going out with smearing, not only will can improve survival rate, the growth of sight fruit roserush also can be made vigorous.Prune through normal after scion grows up to branch, grafted branch grow to 40-50cm long time want pinching, inspire branch, make tree-shaped plentiful attractive in appearance.Grafting 3-4 month, take off lashings.Be in the sight fruit roserush of nursery stage in addition, after grafting the 1st year, all cut inflorescence, impel the quick growth of tree body.
D. carry out control and the weeding of damage by disease and insect in time, make sight fruit roserush have a better growing conditions.Finished product sight fruit roserush can be bred as in 1 year put on market.
The present invention see fruit roserush graft survival rate be 84%, then October maximum hat 42 × 44cm, the average setting number of individual plant can reach 43.
Embodiment 3 sees the cultivation that flower sees fruit roserush
(1) stock is cultivated: spend more stingless rose for stock with the U.S..Choose growth potential strong, stingless, cold-resistant perennial seedlings are mother plant for cutting.
Cutting time: November.First at the slotting machine of greenhouse or the built-in wide 1.5m of booth.In bed, matrix is perlite and vermiculite (volume ratio 1:1), and matrix laying depth is 20cm, waters permeable before cuttage.
The branch that the straight frontlighting of clip is slided does cuttings, and cuttings lower end is cut into inclined-plane, and upper end is cut into plane.Shear by certain length standard (100cm) and be bundled into bundle.Cuttings base portion is at 100mg.L
-1indolebutyric acid (IBA) in soak 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm × 15cm cuttage.Survived after 30d and taken root, upper nutritive cube divides cultivation.April moves into field planting, carries out normal water and fertilizer management.
Prune management: place carries out branch shaping in trunk upper end 1/5, it is even that all directions are left and taken in every strain, and 5-10 the branch that thickness is consistent, the stock bud below branch with going out with smearing, will form smooth trunk.When stock trunk diameter grows to more than 1.5cm, during Branch diameter >=more than 0.5cm, be used for grafting; Stock heading height 105-115cm.
(2) foundation of cutting orchard: select to see fruit rose variety (pink single-lobe rose) and plant routinely, select the supporting kind of four seasons rose to plant together simultaneously, build up cutting orchard.In order to collect excellent scion, can not be overstocked during plantation, and also due to rose spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, so that manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, except normal liquid manure, outside plant protection management, inflorescence all to be cut when rose blooms, make it concentrate strength on nourishing and growing, to grow the full scion branch of bud.
(3) grafting:
A.4 the middle ten days in month (on April-15 on the 10th) is in open country grafting, stock rose sprout growth, rose bud expanded not yet sprout time grafting.As needed a large amount of grafting, can will cut scion branch at the suitableeest grafting period of rose bud, and sending freezer to preserve or choosing shady and cool place refrigeration, to ensure grafting application over a long time.
B. before grafting, stock tree is pruned in sizing: one is for the ease of grafting operation, and two is the full tree-shaped for determining to see fruit roserush.Branch thickness that stock tree is selected and remain is consistent, and the branch that all directions are evenly distributed does grafted branch, and often tree stays 5-10, and each branch stays 20cm long, cuts branch.
C. grafting method: adopt band xylem bud sheet notch grafting, grafting on the branch of stock from trunk 7-12cm; Stock bottom branch is apart from trunk 12cm place's grafting, and top branch is apart from trunk 7cm place's grafting.Sight fruit rose and the four seasons are seen flower rose mixing grafting on same stock tree, and should be noted that Category disposition is even, the quantity seeing flower rose is see fruit rose 1/3.
D. again prune after grafting, reject stock rudiment, prune scion branch (grafting point is 7cm place cutting back upwards).
(4) management after grafting:
A. water: after grafting, first time waters permeable, to ensure the humidity of the moistening of ground and air, in order to grafting survival.Water with logistics, peaceful wetting is not done.
B. apply fertilizer: after grafting, monthly execute 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5-10g/ strain.
C. pruning: the bud on stock with going out with smearing, not only will can improve survival rate, the growth of sight fruit roserush also can be made vigorous.Prune through normal after scion grows up to branch, grafted branch grow to 40-50cm long time want pinching, inspire branch, make tree-shaped plentiful attractive in appearance.Grafting 3-4 month, take off lashings.Be in the sight fruit roserush of nursery stage in addition, after grafting the 1st year, all cut inflorescence, impel the quick growth of tree body.
D. carry out control and the weeding of damage by disease and insect in time, make sight fruit roserush have a better growing conditions.Finished product sight fruit roserush can be bred as in 1 year put on market.
The present invention see fruit roserush graft survival rate be 85%, then October maximum hat 40 × 43cm, the average setting number of individual plant can reach 30.
The impact of the different grafting combinations of experimental example 1 on stock, scionwood girth growth amount
Cultivate according to embodiment 1 method and see fruit roserush, difference is, scion is respectively pink single-lobe rose, spends single-lobe rose in vain, Miaofeng Shan Mountain rose, large fruit rose, double white rose; Stock is respectively that the U.S. spends more stingless rose, No. M1, the U.S. (rose), No. M2, the U.S. (rose) (tie up general information http://www.cqvip.com, the State Administration of Forestry " 948 " tree Chinese rose project is by checking and accepting, 2006/01/01,1st phase.), multiflora rose, powder ball rose, Rosa microcarpa (Smallfruit Rose Root), lotus rose, Japanese stingless rose, white jade hall (rose).In adding up different grafting combination scion, stock branch girth growth amount on October-17 on the 15th then.
The results are shown in Table 1.
The impact of the different grafting combinations of table 1 on stock, scionwood girth growth amount
Note: the different letter representatives of colleague significant difference (p≤0.05) in 0.05 level.
Result shows, the U.S. spends more stingless rose and pink single-lobe rose graft compatibility is best, the rugosity of scion, stock obviously can be increased after grafting, scionwood slightly increases 12.5mm, stock branch girth growth increases 13.6mm, and branch girth growth amount and other process of scion after grafting (in grafting part 5cm place), stock (under grafting part 5cm place) form significant difference (p≤0.05).In addition, Miaofeng Shan Mountain rose does not have fruit, can not be used for cultivating seeing fruit roserush.
The different grafting time of experimental example 2 is preced with the impact of width, setting number to plant
The cultivation seeing fruit roserush is carried out according to embodiment 1.Grafting time is respectively: (on March-5 on the 1st) at the beginning of 3 months, mid-March (on March-20 on the 15th), (15-18 DEG C) grafting in cold canopy (scion branch is cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration by November); December, (10-15 DEG C) grafting (scion branch is cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration by November) in the facility of heating; The middle ten days in April (on April-15 on the 10th) in open country grafting, stock rose sprout growth, rose bud expanded not yet sprout time grafting; The middle ten days in May (on May-15 on the 10th) is in open country grafting; Early October, (-10 days on the 5th) were in open country grafting.After grafting, on October-17 on the 15th, (result contains the phase) added up width, individual plant setting number are preced with in different times grafting impact on plant.
The results are shown in Table 2.
The different grafting time of table 2 is preced with the impact of width, setting number to plant
Note: the different lowercase alphabet of colleague's mark shows significant difference, (p≤0.05).
Result shows, different times grafting plant hat width, individual plant setting number, survival rate form significant difference (p≤0.05).Grafting mid-March, graft survival rate is 95%, and branch growth potential is strong then, maximum hat 55 × 58cm, and the average setting number of individual plant can reach 65.Early October grafting, graft survival rate is 85%, and the average setting number of individual plant is 48; Grafting in December, graft survival rate is 84%, the average setting number of individual plant 45; The middle ten days in April, graft survival rate was 85% in open country grafting, the average setting number of individual plant 40; Grafting at the beginning of 3 months, graft survival rate is 80%, the average setting number of individual plant 42; The survival rate of grafting in the middle ten days in May is lower than 60%.
The optimization experiment of experimental example 3 stock heading height
Cultivate according to embodiment 1 and see fruit roserush, difference is, different stock heading height is respectively 45-55cm, 65-75cm, 85-95cm, 105-115cm; Evaluate the sight fruit roserush appreciation effect cultivated, in carrying out appreciation effect evaluation on October-17 on the 15th then.
See fruit roserush appreciation effect in table 3.
The different stock height (cm) of table 3 is on the impact seeing fruit roserush appreciation effect
Result shows, according to growth potential, the anvil fringe height ratio (with the golden section proportion 1.47 of stock, scion for best) after seeing fruit rose grafting and view and admire sight line, finally determine that the heading height of stock is 85-95cm, appreciation effect is best.
Claims (10)
1. see a breeding method for fruit roserush, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Rose is cultivated into shaping stock, and the scion of fruit rose is seen in grafting, carries out managing after grafting, to obtain final product;
Or rose is cultivated into shaping stock, and mixing grafting is seen fruit rose scion and is seen the scion of flower rose, carries out managing after grafting, to obtain final product.
2., according to breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rose be selected from that the U.S. spends more in stingless rose, multiflora rose, powder ball rose, Rosa microcarpa, lotus rose, Japanese stingless rose or white jade hall any one; Be preferably the U.S. and spend more stingless rose.
3. according to breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the time of described grafting is December ,-20 days on the 15th March ,-15 days on the 10th April or-10 days on the 5th October, be preferably on March-20 on the 15th; Wherein, December, grafting in 15-18 DEG C of cold canopy in-20 days on the 15th March ,-15 days on the 10th April and-10 days on the 5th October were in open country grafting 10-15 DEG C of warm grafting.
4. according to breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shaping stock has 5-10 branch, the straight frontlighting of trunk is sliding, and trunk diameter >=1.5cm, Branch diameter >=0.5cm; Wherein, the heading height of described shaping stock is 45-115cm, is preferably 65-95cm, most preferably is 85-95cm.
5. according to breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for described grafting is band xylem bud sheet notch grafting; The position of described grafting is on the branch of shaping stock; Be preferably, distance trunk 7-12cm place on the branch of shaping stock; Be more preferably, distance trunk 12cm place on the bottom branch of shaping stock, distance trunk 7cm place on the branch of top.
6. according to breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cultivation of described shaping stock comprises: rose cuttings is carried out cuttage, sizing is pruned, to obtain final product;
Wherein, the height of described cuttings is 50-100cm, rugosity >=1.0cm;
Described cuttage comprises: by cuttings base portion at 100mg
.l
-1indolebutyric acid in soak 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm × 15cm cuttage; Wherein, the time of cuttage is November; Cuttage matrix used be perlite and vermiculite according to volume ratio 1:1 composition, or to be made up of according to volume ratio 2:2:1 perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite.
7. according to breeding method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described sizing pruning comprises: in stock trunk upper end 1/5, place carries out branch shaping, and every strain stock stays 5-10 branch, and the stock bud below branch is with going out with smearing; Preferably, described branch thickness is consistent, and all directions are evenly distributed, each long branch 20cm.
8. according to breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: seeing flower rose Quantity of the scion in described mixing grafting is see fruit rose Quantity of the scion 1/3.
9. according to the breeding method described in claim 1 or 8, it is characterized in that: described sight fruit rose scion or the scion of sight flower rose are cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration from the maternal plant of cutting orchard November; Wherein, described cutting orchard spends see fruit rose on the cutting orchard of planting foundation together with rose with sight; Described sight fruit rose is selected from pink single-lobe rose or spends single-lobe rose in vain; Described sight flower rose is four seasons roses.
10. according to breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described managing after grafting comprises: from grafting point upwards 7cm place brachymemma branch after grafting completes; The pinching when grafted branch grows to 40-50cm.
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| CN107231951A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-10-10 | 南京欧堡利亚农业科技有限公司 | Short dry potted tree Chinese rose fast breeding method |
| CN108887069A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-27 | 吉林省珲春林业局 | A kind of big fruit rose seeding growing seedlings method |
| CN114731797A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating tree-shaped Chinese rose by using seedling stock |
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| CN114731797A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating tree-shaped Chinese rose by using seedling stock |
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