CN110337970A - See the breeding method of fruit roserush - Google Patents
See the breeding method of fruit roserush Download PDFInfo
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- CN110337970A CN110337970A CN201810299563.3A CN201810299563A CN110337970A CN 110337970 A CN110337970 A CN 110337970A CN 201810299563 A CN201810299563 A CN 201810299563A CN 110337970 A CN110337970 A CN 110337970A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding methods for seeing fruit roserush, belong to ornamental plant cultivation field.The breeding method of present invention sight fruit roserush, comprising: cultivate rose at molding stock, the scion of fruit rose is seen in grafting, carries out managing after grafting；Or cultivate rose at molding stock, mixing grafting sees the scion of fruit rose and sees flower rose scion, carries out managing after grafting.Stock scion grafting combination, grafting period and stock heading height is optimized in the present invention, and discovery spends more stingless rose as stock using the U.S., best with pink single-lobe rose graft compatibility；Grafting mid-March, graft survival rate highest；Stock heading height 85-95cm, appreciation effect are best.The sight fruit roserush that the present invention cultivates has independent trunk, and the plentiful beauty of tree-shaped can see flower and considerable fruit；Sight fruit rose, which is grafted in same strain stock with sight flower rose mixing, can further increase sight Hua Xiaoguo, extension flowering time, and the ornamental value and commercial value of fruit roserush are seen in raising.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding methods for seeing fruit roserush, belong to ornamental plant cultivation field.
Background technique
With the horizontal continuous promotion of modern city greening, fruit viewing trees are just gradually applied in afforestation.See fruit rose
Rare is a kind of very high sight fruit shrub of ornamental values and the economic values of recent development breeding, fruit be scarlet, salmon pink or
Yellow, sparkling and crystal-clear gorgeous, period is long, is excellent autumn and winter fruit viewing trees.But see fruit rose be bush, it is tree-like low
It is short, reduce its appreciation effect.For the garden landscape for further enriching northern autumn and winter, increase autumn and winter greening seedling resource,
Improve the ornamental value for seeing fruit rose, it would be highly desirable to develop a kind of breeding method for seeing fruit roserush, keep sight fruit rose only as having
Vertical trunk, tree-like plentiful sight fruit see flower tree species.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of breeding methods for seeing fruit roserush, will see the grafting of fruit rose
In cultivating molding rose stock, forms the sight fruit for having independent trunk, tree-shaped plentiful or see flower roserush, this method operation letter
Just, high survival rate.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The invention discloses a kind of breeding methods for seeing fruit roserush, comprising the following steps:
By rose cultivate at molding stock, grafting see the scion of fruit rose, carry out managing after grafting to get；
Alternatively, cultivating rose at molding stock, mixing grafting sees the scion of fruit rose and sees flower rose scion, manages after being grafted
Reason to get.
Wherein, the rose is selected from the U.S. and spends more stingless rose, multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), powder ball rose
(Rosa multiflora var.cathayensis), Rosa microcarpa (Rosa cymosavar.crymosa), lotus rose
(Rosa multiflora.f.carnea), Japanese stingless rose or white jade hall (Rosa multiflora.var.alba-
Plena any one in)；Preferably the U.S. spends more stingless rose.
The present invention has carried out optimization experiment to the different grafting combinations of stock, scion, respectively with the U.S. spend more stingless rose,
The U.S. M1, the U.S. M2, Rosa microcarpa, lotus rose, Japan is stingless, and rose, multiflora rose, powder ball rose, white jade hall etc. are anvil
The pink single-lobe rose of fruit rose, white flower single-lobe rose, big fruit rose, double white rose or Miaofeng Shan Mountain rose are seen in wood grafting, as a result
Showing to see the pink single-lobe rose of fruit rose and the U.S., to spend more both stingless roses compatibility best, can obviously increase and connect after grafting
The rugosity of fringe and stock, current year scionwood slightly increase 12.5mm, and stock branch girth growth increases 13.6mm；Scion after grafting,
The branch girth growth amount of stock forms significant difference (p≤0.05) compared with other stock varieties.Therefore, the present invention sees fruit rose and connects
Fringe preferred powder clearance permit valve rose, the preferred U.S. of stock variety spend more stingless rose, and the kind growth potential is strong, and stingless, stemness is good, see
Fruit roserush, which was grafted in 1 year, can form commercial seedling.
The time of grafting of the present invention is December, mid-March (on March -20 on the 15th), (10 days -15 April mid-April
Day), mid-May (on May -15 on the 10th), early October (on October -10 on the 5th)；Preferably mid-March；Wherein, December is supplying
(10-15 DEG C) grafting in warm facility, the mid-March of (15-18 DEG C) grafting in cold canopy are grafted used scion and are cut for November
Lower refrigeration (0-4 DEG C)；Mid-April is grafted in open country, and rose stock transfers when having expanded not yet sprouting by sprout growth, rose bud
It connects；Mid-May, early October are in bud grafting in open air.
The present invention has carried out optimization experiment to grafting period, the results showed that, the plant of grafting mid-March (on March -20 on the 15th)
Canopy width, single plant fruit setting number and other grafting periods (December, mid-April etc.) form significant difference (p≤0.05), and graft
High survival rate.The survival rate of grafting mid-March is up to 95%, and current year branch growth potential is strong, maximum 55 × 58cm of hat width, and single plant is flat
Equal fruit setting number can reach 65；Early October grafting, graft survival rate 85%, single plant be averaged fruit setting number be 48；December
Grafting, graft survival rate 84%, single plant are averaged fruit setting number 45；The middle ten days in April is grafted in open country, and graft survival rate is
85%, single plant is averaged fruit setting number 40；Grafting, graft survival rate 80%, single plant are averaged fruit setting number 42 at the beginning of 3 months；In May
The survival rate of ten days grafting is lower than 60%.Therefore, grafting period of the present invention is preferably mid-March (on March -20 on the 15th).
Molding stock of the present invention has 5-10 branch, and the straight frontlighting of trunk is sliding, and trunk diameter >=1.5cm, branch
Diameter >=0.5cm；Wherein, the heading height of the molding stock is 45-115cm, preferably 65-95cm, most preferably 85-
95cm。
The present invention carries out optimization experiment, more different stock heading height 45-55cm, 65- to the heading height of stock
The appreciation effect of 75cm, 85-95cm, 105-115cm.Growth potential, anvil fringe height ratio after being grafted according to sight fruit rose is (with anvil
Wooden, scion golden section proportion 1.47 is best) and ornamental sight, the heading height of final determining stock is 85-95cm,
Anvil fringe height ratio is 1.37-1.53, and watching sight is head-up, and appreciation effect is best.
The method that the present invention grafts be mid-April using scion grafting (2 buds of band) or with xylem bud tablets notch grafting, other transfer
Period is connect using band xylem bud tablets notch grafting.
The position that the present invention grafts is on the branch of molding stock；Preferably, in molding stock apart from trunk 7-12cm
Branch on graft；Most preferably, in molding stock lower part branch at trunk 12cm, top branch is at trunk 7cm
Grafting.
It is of the present invention molding stock cultivation include: by rose cuttings carry out cuttage, sizing trimming to get.
Wherein, the height of the cuttings is 50-100cm, rugosity >=1.0cm；The present invention uses different height (50-
100cm), rugosity >=1.0cm cuttings carries out high bar cuttage, and crop field, upright bar support are moved into after current year cutting survival, and next year is
Molding rose stock can be cultivated into；Compared with common short bar stock cottage method, stock cultivates time reduction 1 year；
The cuttage includes: by cuttings base portion in 100mg.L-1Indolebutyric acid in impregnate 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm ×
15cm cuttage；The time of cuttage is November；Matrix used in cuttage is perlite and vermiculite according to volume ratio 1:1 composition, or
It is made of perlite, turf and vermiculite according to volume ratio 2:2:1；
The sizing trimming includes: that branch shaping is carried out at stock trunk upper end 1/5, and every plant of stock leaves and takes 5-10 branch,
Branch stock bud below forms smooth trunk with out with smearing；Preferably, the branch thickness is consistent, and all directions are evenly distributed,
Each long branch 20cm；It cultivates to the trunk diameter 1.5cm or more of stock, Branch diameter >=0.5cm is for grafting.
In mixing grafting of the present invention, seeing flower rose Quantity of the scion is see fruit rose Quantity of the scion 1/3, pays attention to kind
It is evenly distributed.
The present invention selects the sight fruit rose variety that fruit is big, type is beautiful, color is gorgeous routinely to be planted to collect excellent scion
It plants, while the mating kinds such as sight flower rose being selected to plant together, build up cutting orchard.Cannot be overstocked when plantation, and due to rose
Spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, in order to manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, normal liquid manure, plant protection management are removed
Outside, inflorescence is all cut when rose blooms, it is made to concentrate strength on nutrient growth, with the long full scion branch that sprouts.
Sight fruit rose of the present invention is selected from pink single-lobe rose or white flower single-lobe rose；The sight flower rose is four seasons rose (Rosa
rugosaThunb)。
Managing after grafting of the present invention includes: that grafting truncates branch from the upward 7cm of grafting point after the completion；Monthly apply 1
Secondary nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer；The pinching when grafted branch grows to 40-50cm makes the plentiful beauty of tree-shaped to inspire branch；Diligent watering, rather
It is wet not do；Bud on stock will can not only improve survival rate with out with smearing, and can also make sight fruit roserush growth vigorous.
Breeding method of the present invention can be bred as finished product and see fruit roserush in 1 year.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that
(1) present invention will see the grafting of fruit rose and cultivate molding rose stock, is formed and can see flower, considerable fruit is excellent again
Greening seedling.Meanwhile being grafted on stock the mixing of other roses such as fruit rose and four seasons rose is seen, sight flower can be further increased
Effect extends flowering time, improves the ornamental value and commercial value for seeing fruit roserush.
(2) the preferred stock of the present invention, scion grafting combination and grafting period spend more stingless rose as stock using the U.S.,
Using pink single-lobe rose as scion, grafted mid-March, graft compatibility is best, and graft survival rate is up to 95%, current year hat width
For 55 × 58cm, single plant fruit setting number is 65.
(3) present invention, which sees fruit roserush, has stronger winter resistance, and the sight fruit roserush after grafting can reveal in Beijing area
Any safeguard measure is not added in ground safe overwintering.Therefore, it sees fruit roserush to have a vast market foreground in China, industrialization
Production will have significant ecological benefits and social benefit.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.It should be understood that described, examples are merely exemplary, does not constitute any restrictions to the scope of the present invention.This field
Technical staff should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can details to technical solution of the present invention and
Form is modified or is replaced, but these modifications or substitutions each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
1, experimental material
See fruit rose variety: pink single-lobe rose, white flower single-lobe rose；Purchase derives from Beijing middle forest skill garden science and technology Limited Liability
Company；
Spend more stingless rose (purchase source: Beijing middle forest skill garden science and technology limited Company), the U.S. M1, U.S. M2 in the U.S.
Number, multiflora rose, powder ball rose, Rosa microcarpa, lotus rose, the stingless rose of Japan, white jade hall (purchase source: Beijing middle forest skill garden
Science and technology limited Company).
The cultivation of the sight fruit roserush of embodiment 1
(1) stock is cultivated: spending more stingless rose as stock using the U.S..Choose strong, stingless, the cold-resistant perennial seedlings of growth potential
For mother plant for cutting.
Cutting time: November.First in the slotting machine of the built-in width 1.5m in greenhouse or greenhouse.Matrix is perlite and leech in bed
Stone (volume ratio 1:1), matrix laying depth are 20cm, are sprinkled profoundly water before cuttage.
The sliding branch of the straight frontlighting of clip does cuttings, and cuttings lower end is cut into inclined-plane, and upper end is cut into plane.By certain length standard
(80cm), which is sheared, to be bundled into.Cuttings base portion is in 100mg.L-1Indolebutyric acid (IBA) in impregnate 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm ×
15cm cuttage.It has survived and has taken root after 30d, upper nutritive cube point is planted.April moves into field planting, carries out normal water and fertilizer management.
Trimming management: carrying out branch shaping at trunk upper end 1/5, every plant of uniform, the consistent 5- of thickness that leaves and takes all directions
10 branches, branch stock bud below will form smooth trunk with out with smearing.When stock trunk diameter grows to 1.5cm or more,
For grafting when Branch diameter >=0.5cm or more；Stock heading height 85-95cm.
(2) foundation of cutting orchard: selection is seen fruit rose variety (pink single-lobe rose) and is routinely planted, and selects simultaneously
The mating kind of four seasons rose is planted together, builds up cutting orchard.In order to collect excellent scion, when plantation, cannot be overstocked, and due to
Rose spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, in order to manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, normal liquid manure, plant protection pipe are removed
Reason is outer, and inflorescence is all cut when rose blooms, it is made to concentrate nutrient growth, with the long full scion branch that sprouts.
(3) it grafts:
A.3 the middle of the month (on March -20 on the 15th), in cold canopy (15-18 DEG C) grafting (November by scion branch cut 0-4 DEG C it is cold
Hiding).
B. stock tree is trimmed in sizing before grafting: first is that for the ease of grafting operation, second is that seeing the full of fruit roserush to determine
Full tree-shaped.Select and remain that branch thickness is consistent on stock tree, the branch that all directions are evenly distributed does grafted branch, and every tree stays 5-10
A, each branch stays 20cm long, cuts branch.
C. it engrafting method: using band xylem bud tablets notch grafting, is grafted on branch of the stock from trunk 7-12cm；Stock
Lower part branch at trunk 12cm away from grafting, and top branch is away from grafting at trunk 7cm.It is all transferred on each branch of a stock tree
It connects and sees fruit rose.
D. it is trimmed again after grafting, rejects stock rudiment, trimming scion branch (cutting back at the upward 7cm of grafting point).
(4) management after grafting:
A. it waters: being sprinkled profoundly water for the first time after grafting, to guarantee wet and air the humidity on ground, with sharp grafting survival.After
Diligent watering, it is rather wet not do.
B. it applies fertilizer: monthly applying 5-10g/ plants of 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after grafting.
C. trim: the bud on stock will can not only improve survival rate with out with smearing, and can also make sight fruit roserush growth prosperous
It contains.It is often trimmed after scion grows up to branch, grafted branch wants pinching when growing to 40-50cm long, inspire branch, makes the plentiful beauty of tree-shaped
It sees.It grafts 3-4 months, takes off lashings.In addition it is in the sight fruit roserush of nursery stage, the 1st year after grafting, all cuts flower
Sequence promotes the fast-growth of tree body.
D. the prevention and treatment and weeding for carrying out pest and disease damage in time make sight fruit roserush have a better growing conditions.It can in 1 year
It is bred as finished product and sees the launch of fruit roserush.
The graft survival rate that the present invention sees fruit roserush is 95%, and current year branch growth potential is strong, and October, maximum hat width reached
55 × 58cm, the single plant fruit setting number that is averaged can reach 68.
The cultivation of the sight fruit roserush of embodiment 2
(1) stock is cultivated: spending more stingless rose as stock using the U.S..Choose strong, stingless, the cold-resistant perennial seedlings of growth potential
For mother plant for cutting.
Cutting time: November.First in the slotting machine of the built-in width 1.5m in greenhouse or greenhouse.Matrix is perlite, grass in bed
Charcoal and vermiculite (volume ratio 2:2:1), matrix laying depth are 20cm, are sprinkled profoundly water before cuttage.
The sliding branch of the straight frontlighting of clip does cuttings, and cuttings lower end is cut into inclined-plane, and upper end is cut into plane.By certain length standard
(50cm), which is sheared, to be bundled into.Cuttings base portion is in 100mg.L-1Indolebutyric acid (IBA) in impregnate 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm ×
15cm cuttage.It has survived and has taken root after 30d, upper nutritive cube point is planted.April moves into field planting, carries out normal water and fertilizer management.
Trimming management: carrying out branch shaping at trunk upper end 1/5, every plant of uniform, the consistent 5- of thickness that leaves and takes all directions
10 branches, branch stock bud below will form smooth trunk with out with smearing.When stock trunk diameter grows to 1.5cm or more,
For grafting when Branch diameter >=0.5cm or more；Stock heading height 45-55cm.
(2) foundation of cutting orchard: selection is seen fruit rose variety (white flower single-lobe rose) and is routinely planted, and selects simultaneously
The mating kind of four seasons rose is planted together, builds up cutting orchard.In order to collect excellent scion, when plantation, cannot be overstocked, and due to
Rose spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, in order to manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, normal liquid manure, plant protection pipe are removed
Reason is outer, and inflorescence is all cut when rose blooms, it is made to concentrate strength on nutrient growth, with the long full scionwood that sprouts
Item.
(3) it grafts:
A.12 month, (10-15 DEG C) grafting in the facility of heating (scion branch is cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration by November).
B. stock tree is trimmed in sizing before grafting: first is that for the ease of grafting operation, second is that seeing the full of fruit roserush to determine
Full tree-shaped.Select and remain that branch thickness is consistent on stock tree, the branch that all directions are evenly distributed does grafted branch, and every tree stays 5-10
A, each branch stays 20cm long, cuts branch.
C. engrafting method: using band xylem bud tablets notch grafting, in branch grafting of the stock from trunk 7-12cm；Under stock
Portion's branch at trunk 12cm away from grafting, and top branch is away from grafting at trunk 7cm.It is all grafted on each branch of a stock tree
See fruit rose.
D. it is trimmed again after grafting, rejects stock rudiment, trimming scion branch (cutting back at the upward 7cm of grafting point).
(4) management after grafting:
A. it waters: being sprinkled profoundly water for the first time after grafting, to guarantee wet and air the humidity on ground, with sharp grafting survival.After
Diligent watering, it is rather wet not do.
B. it applies fertilizer: monthly applying 5-10g/ plants of 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after grafting.
C. trim: the bud on stock will can not only improve survival rate with out with smearing, and can also make sight fruit roserush growth prosperous
It contains.It is often trimmed after scion grows up to branch, grafted branch wants pinching when growing to 40-50cm long, inspire branch, makes the plentiful beauty of tree-shaped
It sees.It grafts 3-4 months, takes off lashings.In addition it is in the sight fruit roserush of nursery stage, the 1st year after grafting, all cuts flower
Sequence promotes the fast-growth of tree body.
D. the prevention and treatment and weeding for carrying out pest and disease damage in time make sight fruit roserush have a better growing conditions.It can in 1 year
It is bred as finished product and sees the launch of fruit roserush.
The graft survival rate that the present invention sees fruit roserush is 84%, October current year 42 × 44cm of maximum hat width, single plant is average
Fruit setting number can reach 43.
The cultivation of the sight Hua Guanguo roserush of embodiment 3
(1) stock is cultivated: spending more stingless rose as stock using the U.S..Choose strong, stingless, the cold-resistant perennial seedlings of growth potential
For mother plant for cutting.
Cutting time: November.First in the slotting machine of the built-in width 1.5m in greenhouse or greenhouse.Matrix is perlite and leech in bed
Stone (volume ratio 1:1), matrix laying depth are 20cm, are sprinkled profoundly water before cuttage.
The sliding branch of the straight frontlighting of clip does cuttings, and cuttings lower end is cut into inclined-plane, and upper end is cut into plane.By certain length standard
(100cm), which is sheared, to be bundled into.Cuttings base portion is in 100mg.L-1Indolebutyric acid (IBA) in impregnate 30min, by seeding row spacing 15cm ×
15cm cuttage.It has survived and has taken root after 30d, upper nutritive cube point is planted.April moves into field planting, carries out normal water and fertilizer management.
Trimming management: carrying out branch shaping at trunk upper end 1/5, every plant of uniform, the consistent 5- of thickness that leaves and takes all directions
10 branches, branch stock bud below will form smooth trunk with out with smearing.When stock trunk diameter grows to 1.5cm or more,
For grafting when Branch diameter >=0.5cm or more；Stock heading height 105-115cm.
(2) foundation of cutting orchard: selection is seen fruit rose variety (pink single-lobe rose) and is routinely planted, and selects simultaneously
The mating kind of four seasons rose is planted together, builds up cutting orchard.In order to collect excellent scion, when plantation, cannot be overstocked, and due to
Rose spinosity, every two row stay a wide row, in order to manage and adopt fringe.In the management of cutting orchard, normal liquid manure, plant protection pipe are removed
Reason is outer, and inflorescence is all cut when rose blooms, it is made to concentrate strength on nutrient growth, with the long full scionwood that sprouts
Item.
(3) it grafts:
A.4 the middle ten days in month (on April -15 on the 10th) is grafted in open country, and stock rose sprout growth, rose bud, which has expanded, not yet to be sprouted
It is grafted when hair.If you need to largely graft, scion branch can will be cut in the most suitable grafting period of rose bud, freezer is sent to save or select cool place
Place's refrigeration, to ensure the grafting application of long-term.
B. stock tree is trimmed in sizing before grafting: first is that for the ease of grafting operation, second is that seeing the full of fruit roserush to determine
Full tree-shaped.Select and remain that branch thickness is consistent on stock tree, the branch that all directions are evenly distributed does grafted branch, and every tree stays 5-10
A, each branch stays 20cm long, cuts branch.
C. it engrafting method: using band xylem bud tablets notch grafting, is grafted on branch of the stock from trunk 7-12cm；Stock
Lower part branch at trunk 12cm away from grafting, and top branch is away from grafting at trunk 7cm.Sight fruit rose and the four seasons are seen flower rose mixing
Grafting is on same stock tree, it should be noted that Category disposition is uniform, the quantity for seeing flower rose is see fruit rose 1/3.
D. it is trimmed again after grafting, rejects stock rudiment, trimming scion branch (cutting back at the upward 7cm of grafting point).
(4) management after grafting:
A. it waters: being sprinkled profoundly water for the first time after grafting, to guarantee wet and air the humidity on ground, with sharp grafting survival.After
Diligent watering, it is rather wet not do.
B. it applies fertilizer: monthly applying 5-10g/ plants of 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after grafting.
C. trim: the bud on stock will can not only improve survival rate with out with smearing, and can also make sight fruit roserush growth prosperous
It contains.It is often trimmed after scion grows up to branch, grafted branch wants pinching when growing to 40-50cm long, inspire branch, makes the plentiful beauty of tree-shaped
It sees.It grafts 3-4 months, takes off lashings.In addition it is in the sight fruit roserush of nursery stage, the 1st year after grafting, all cuts flower
Sequence promotes the fast-growth of tree body.
D. the prevention and treatment and weeding for carrying out pest and disease damage in time make sight fruit roserush have a better growing conditions.It can in 1 year
It is bred as finished product and sees the launch of fruit roserush.
The graft survival rate that the present invention sees fruit roserush is 85%, October current year 40 × 43cm of maximum hat width, single plant is average
Fruit setting number can reach 30.
Influence of the different grafting combinations of experimental example 1 to stock, scionwood girth growth amount
It is cultivated according to 1 method of embodiment and sees fruit roserush, difference is that scion is respectively pink single-lobe rose, white flower single-lobe rose
Rare, Miaofeng Shan Mountain rose, big fruit rose, double white rose；Stock be respectively the U.S. spend more stingless rose, the U.S. M1 (rose),
(general information http://www.cqvip.com is tieed up, the State Administration of Forestry " 948 " tree Chinese rose project is by testing in the U.S. M2 (rose)
It receives, the 2006/01/01, the 1st phase.), multiflora rose, powder ball rose, Rosa microcarpa (Smallfruit Rose Root), lotus rose, the stingless rose of Japan,
White jade hall (rose).Different graftings, which are counted, -17 days on the 15th October of current year combines scion, stock branch girth growth amount.
It the results are shown in Table 1.
Influence of the different grafting combinations of table 1 to stock, scionwood girth growth amount
Note: the different letters of colleague are represented in 0.05 horizontal upper significant difference (p≤0.05).
The result shows that the U.S. spends more stingless rose and pink single-lobe rose graft compatibility is best, can obviously increase after grafting
The rugosity of adjunction fringe, stock, scionwood slightly increase 12.5mm, and stock branch girth growth increases 13.6mm, and scion (is transferred after grafting
On socket part position at 5cm), the branch girth growth amount of stock (under grafting part at 5cm) and other processing formed significant difference (p≤
0.05).In addition, Miaofeng Shan Mountain rose does not have fruit, it is impossible to be used in cultivate and see fruit roserush.
Influence of the different grafting times of experimental example 2 to plant hat width, fruit setting number
See according to embodiment 1 cultivation of fruit roserush.At the beginning of grafting time is respectively as follows: 3 months (on March -5 on the 1st), mid-March
(on March -20 on the 15th), (15-18 DEG C) grafting in cold canopy (scion branch is cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration by November)；December,
(10-15 DEG C) grafting in the facility of heating (scion branch is cut 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration by November)；(10 days -15 April the middle ten days in April
Day) grafted in open country, sprout growth, rose bud have expanded grafting when not yet sprouting to stock rose；(May 10 the middle ten days in May
At -15 days day) it is grafted in open country；Early October (- 10 days on the 5th) is grafted in open country.On October -17 on the 15th, (result was contained after grafting
Phase) influence of the statistics different times grafting to plant hat width, single plant fruit setting number.
It the results are shown in Table 2.
Influence of the different grafting times of table 2 to plant hat width, fruit setting number
| Period | December | At the beginning of 3 months | Mid-March | Mid-April | Mid-May | Mid-October |
| Hat width (cm × cm) | 42×44b | 41×45b | 55×58a | 40×43b | 32×38c | 45×50ab |
| Fruit setting number (a/strain) | 45b | 42b | 65a | 40bc | 38c | 48b |
| Survival rate % | 84b | 80b | 95a | 85b | 55c | 85b |
Note: the different lowercase letter indication differences of colleague's mark are significant, (p≤0.05).
The result shows that different times grafting plant hat width, single plant fruit setting number, survival rate formation significant difference (p≤
0.05).Grafting mid-March, graft survival rate 95%, current year branch growth potential is strong, maximum 55 × 58cm of hat width, and single plant is flat
Equal fruit setting number can reach 65.Early October grafting, graft survival rate 85%, single plant be averaged fruit setting number be 48；December
Grafting, graft survival rate 84%, single plant are averaged fruit setting number 45；The middle ten days in April is grafted in open country, and graft survival rate is
85%, single plant is averaged fruit setting number 40；Grafting, graft survival rate 80%, single plant are averaged fruit setting number 42 at the beginning of 3 months；In May
The survival rate of ten days grafting is lower than 60%.
The optimization experiment of 3 stock heading height of experimental example
Cultivated according to embodiment 1 and see fruit roserush, difference is, different stock heading heights be respectively 45-55cm, 65-75cm,
85-95cm,105-115cm；The sight fruit roserush appreciation effect cultivated is evaluated, Yu Dangnian carries out ornamental effect on October -17 on the 15th
Fruit evaluation.
It sees fruit roserush appreciation effect and is shown in Table 3.
Influence of the different stock height (cm) of table 3 to fruit roserush appreciation effect is seen
| Stock height | 45-55 | 65-75 | 85-95 | 105-115 |
| Scion increment (cm) | 62 | 65 | 62 | 63 |
| Ratio (scion/stock) | 0.72-0.89 | 1-1.15 | 1.37-1.53 | 1.66-1.83 |
| Ornamental sight | It overlooks | It overlooks | Head-up | It looks up |
The result shows that according to the growth potential after fruit rose is grafted, anvil fringe height ratio is seen (with stock, the golden section of scion
Example 1.47 is best) and ornamental sight, the final heading height for determining stock is 85-95cm, and appreciation effect is best.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of breeding method for seeing fruit roserush, which comprises the following steps:
By rose cultivate at molding stock, grafting see the scion of fruit rose, carry out managing after grafting to get；
Alternatively, cultivating rose at molding stock, mixing grafting sees the scion of fruit rose and sees flower rose scion, manages after being grafted
Reason to get.
2. breeding method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rose is selected from the U.S. and spends more stingless rose, open country
Any one in rose, powder ball rose, Rosa microcarpa, lotus rose, the stingless rose of Japan or white jade hall；Preferably the U.S. is spent more
Stingless rose.
3. breeding method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: the time of the grafting is December, March 15 days -20
Day, -15 days on the 10th April or -10 days on the 5th October, preferably -20 days on the 15th March；Wherein, December transfers in 10-15 DEG C of greenhouse
It connects, on March -20 on the 15th was grafted in 15-18 DEG C of cold canopy, and -15 days on the 10th April and -10 days on the 5th October are grafted in open country.
4. breeding method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: the molding stock has 5-10 branch, trunk
Straight frontlighting is sliding, and trunk diameter >=1.5cm, Branch diameter >=0.5cm；Wherein, the heading height of the molding stock is 45-
115cm, preferably 65-95cm, most preferably 85-95cm.
5. breeding method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: the method for the grafting is that band xylem bud tablets are rabbeted
Method；The position of the grafting is on the branch of molding stock；Preferably, apart from trunk 7-12cm on the branch of molding stock
Place；More preferably, on the lower part branch of molding stock at trunk 12cm, on the branch of top at trunk 7cm.
6. breeding method described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivation of the molding stock includes: to insert rose
Fringe carry out cuttage, sizing trimming to get；
Wherein, the height of the cuttings is 50-100cm, rugosity >=1.0cm；
The cuttage includes: that cuttings base portion is impregnated 30min in the indolebutyric acid of 100mg.L-1, by seeding row spacing 15cm ×
15cm cuttage；Wherein, the time of cuttage is November；Matrix used in cuttage is that perlite and vermiculite are formed according to volume ratio 1:1,
Or it is made of perlite, turf and vermiculite according to volume ratio 2:2:1.
7. breeding method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the sizing trimming includes: in stock trunk upper end
Branch shaping is carried out at 1/5, every plant of stock stays 5-10 branch, and branch stock bud below is with out with smearing；Preferably, described point
Branch thickness is consistent, and all directions are evenly distributed, each long branch 20cm.
8. breeding method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: seeing flower rose Quantity of the scion in the mixing grafting is
See the 1/3 of fruit rose Quantity of the scion.
9. according to breeding method described in claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that: the sight fruit rose scion or sight flower rose connect
Fringe is 0-4 DEG C of refrigeration to be cut from the maternal plant of cutting orchard November；Wherein, the cutting orchard is will to see fruit rose and see to spend rose one
Play the cutting orchard that plantation is established；The sight fruit rose is selected from pink single-lobe rose or white flower single-lobe rose；Sight flower rose is
Four seasons rose.
10. breeding method described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the managing after grafting includes: to graft after the completion certainly
Branch is truncated at the upward 7cm of grafting point；The pinching when grafted branch grows to 40-50cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810299563.3A CN110337970A (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | See the breeding method of fruit roserush |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114731797A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating tree-shaped Chinese rose by using seedling stock |
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2018
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114731797A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating tree-shaped Chinese rose by using seedling stock |
| CN114731797B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-03-21 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating tree-shaped Chinese rose by using seedling stock |
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