CN104844374B - A kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer - Google Patents

A kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer Download PDF

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CN104844374B
CN104844374B CN201510268192.9A CN201510268192A CN104844374B CN 104844374 B CN104844374 B CN 104844374B CN 201510268192 A CN201510268192 A CN 201510268192A CN 104844374 B CN104844374 B CN 104844374B
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张�杰
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Ningming Of Guangxi Pepsi Health Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, it includes the first fertilizer layer, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, the second coating layer, the 3rd fertilizer layer and the 3rd coating layer that ratio of weight and number is 4~6: 1~2: 6~8: 1: 10~12: 2~3 successively from inside to outside, and the first fertilizer layer is the tunning of animal manure, marine product leftover bits and pieces and microbe leaven;First coating layer is bentonite and the mixture of acrylic resin;Second fertilizer layer is the tunning of sugared filter mud, molasses, sawdust, stalk, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, yeast waste liquor and fermenting agent;Second coating layer is zeolite and the mixture of attapulgite;3rd fertilizer layer is the mixture of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and Chinese medicine dreg;3rd coating layer is beta cyclodextrin.The fertilizer of the present invention adds tunning and Chinese medical extract in fertilizer, increases constant absorption and utilization of the sugarcane to nutrition, make the release time of fertilizer in the soil long rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element.

Description

A kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, it is more particularly related to a kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer.
Background technology
Sugarcane is the important sugared section crop in China, and the production cycle is long, and fertilizer requirement is big, and fertilising is that the high sugar of sugarcane high-yield is efficiently planted One of key technology of training.But nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potassium are improper or unbalance in current many sugarcane special-purpose fertilizers, trace element Such as zinc, the content also famine of boron, this has seriously affected the growth and development of sugarcane plant.Also, China sugarcane main producing region needs Nutrient needed for sugarcane production could be met by carrying out repeatedly fertilising, the entire production period of sugarcane generally require basal dressing, attack seed manure, It attacks evil fertilizer, attack the fertile and strong tail fertilizer of stem.Multiple labor of fertilizer application intensity is big, time-consuming, has been not suitable with modern Sugarcane Industry development It needs.In addition, current sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer is mostly chemical fertilizer, long-time service can contaminated soil, destruction soil texture and soil The ecosystem.Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop the ratio science of a kind of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, rich in trace element, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, and chemical fertilizer utilizes The high sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer of rate.
The content of the invention
It is excellent it is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least to will be described later Point.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizers, with reference to sugarcane to the demand of nutrient, are rich in Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element add tunning and Chinese medical extract in fertilizer, increase lasting suction of the sugarcane to nutrition It receives and utilizes, make extend compared with conventional fertilizers the release time of fertilizer in the soil.
In order to realize these purposes and further advantage according to the present invention, a kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer is provided, by interior To including the first fertilizer layer that the ratio of weight and number that wraps up layer by layer is 4~6: 1~2: 6~8: 1: 10~12: 2~3, the successively outside One coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, the second coating layer, the 3rd fertilizer layer and the 3rd coating layer,
The first fertilizer layer is animal manure, marine product leftover bits and pieces and the micro- life that ratio of weight and number is 50~60: 30~40: 5 The tunning of object leavening;
First coating layer is the mixture of the bentonite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 2~3 and acrylic resin;
The second fertilizer layer is that ratio of weight and number is 30~40: 20~30: 5~10: 10~15: 15~20: 20~30: 5 sugared filter mud, molasses, sawdust, stalk, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, the tunning of yeast waste liquor and fermenting agent;
Second coating layer is the mixture of the zeolite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 3~4 and attapulgite;
The 3rd fertilizer layer be ratio of weight and number be 80: 20~40: 50~70: 8~10 nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and The mixture of Chinese medicine dreg;
3rd coating layer is beta-cyclodextrin;
Wherein, it is 2~3: 2~3: 3~4: 2~3: 1 ilex pubescens, Radix Isatidis, oldenlandia diffusa, stone Chang by ratio of weight and number Pu, the Traditional Chinese drug mixture of Caulis Spatholobi are crushed to 0.5~1cm, decoct 45~60min, repeat 2~3 times, are separated by filtration filter residue and filter Liquid, the filtrate are the traditional Chinese medicine liquid, and the filter residue and drying to water content is 10~15%, crosses 100 mesh sieves to get described Chinese medicine dreg.
Preferably, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the first fertilizer layer:By above-mentioned parts by weight Animal manure and the mixing of marine product leftover bits and pieces after compost, adjust pH to 6~8, access the microbe leavens of above-mentioned parts by weight, control Oxygen content keeps 10~25%, relative humidity 30~40% inside stacking processed, treats that stacking internal temperature reaches 72 DEG C, keep 36~ 48 it is small when, compost again after turning, repeat 2~3 times to get.
Preferably, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the animal manure are one kind or more in chicken manure, pig manure and cow dung Kind, the marine product leftover bits and pieces is shrimp head, fish is miscellaneous and crab shell in one or more, the microbe leaven is parts by weight For 3~5: 1~2: 1 EM biological bacterias, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Preferably, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the second fertilizer layer:By above-mentioned parts by weight Sawdust and stalk be crushed to 0.5~1cm, add in the sugared filter muds of above-mentioned parts by weight, molasses, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, yeast waste liquor, mix It is stirred after conjunction, accesses the fermenting agent of above-mentioned parts by weight, controlled at 50~60 DEG C, relative humidity 30~40%, fermentation 5 ~7 days to get.
Preferably, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the fermenting agent be ratio of weight and number be 3~5: 2~4: 2~ 4: 1 saccharomycete, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, actinomyces and the mixed bacteria of bacillus megaterium.
Preferably, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer are urea;The phosphate fertilizer is ground phosphate rock and phosphoric acid hydrogen Diammonium;The potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium chloride.
Preferably, the grain size of the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the zeolite and the attapulgite is 80~100 Mesh.
Preferably, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the water content of the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer is 15~20%.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect:
(1) sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer of the invention is rich in the trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc, boron, and chemistry fertilizer content is low, Fertilizer efficiency is lasting, using the present invention sugarcane yield can be made to improve 20-30%;
(2) sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer of the invention is wrapped up layer by layer by multilayer fertilizer layer and coating layer, and every layer of coated fertilizer is used It measures less, efficiency height, the effect of sustained release is sufficiently achieved, with reference to the nutrient situation of China sugarcane main producing region Guangxi soil and the need of sugarcane Fertile rule makes full use of the sugared filter mud and molasses of local marine product leftover bits and pieces, Chinese medicine and sugar refining technology, scientifically proposes Universal slow release fertilizer for sugarcane formula;
(3) the first fertilizer layer of the invention is the product that animal manure and marine product leftover bits and pieces ferment, after fully providing sugarcane Organic matter, the calcareous and abundant amino acid of phase needs, the first coating layer are bentonite and acrylic resin, and covered effect is good, Easily dissolution, the second fertilizer layer are sugared filter mud, molasses, sawdust, stalk, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, the tunning of yeast waste liquor, are sugarcane Growth sugar and nutrient are provided so that the sugarcane sugariness abounded with is high, moisture foot, prevents sugarcane by insect pest invasion, the second coating Layer is zeolite and attapulgite, is easily adhered the isolation effect in fertilizer layer surface, formed, and the 3rd fertilizer layer is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer And Chinese medicine dreg, necessary nutrient is provided for sugarcane primary growth, improves the resistance of sugarcane, the 3rd coating layer is β-ring paste Essence, it is only necessary to which simple supercritical technology can be included in fertiliser granulates outer surface, reach slow releasing function;
(4) sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer of the invention is nontoxic, harmless, noresidue, promotes sugarcane Nutrient Absorption, has and slow down fertilizer The multiple efficacies such as stream mistake, water conservation drought resisting, disease-resistant yield-increasing, preparation process is simple, and investment of production equipment is small, production cost is low.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
With reference to example, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or more The presence or addition of a other elements or its combination.
<Example 1>
A kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, water content 15%, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer include successively from inside to outside The ratio of weight and number wrapped up layer by layer is 4: 1: 6: 1: 10: 2 the first fertilizer layer, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, the second coating Layer, the 3rd fertilizer layer and the 3rd coating layer,
The first fertilizer layer be ratio of weight and number be 20: 30: 10: 20: 5 chicken manure, pig manure, shrimp head, the miscellaneous and micro- life of fish The tunning of object leavening;The microbe leaven is EM biological bacterias, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the fixed nitrogen that parts by weight are 3: 1: 1 Bacterium;
First coating layer is the mixture of the bentonite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 2 and acrylic resin;
The second fertilizer layer be ratio of weight and number be 30: 20: 5: 10: 15: 20: 5 sugared filter mud, molasses, sawdust, straw Stalk, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, the tunning of yeast waste liquor and fermenting agent;The fermenting agent is that ratio of weight and number is 3: 2: 2: 1 Saccharomycete, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, actinomyces and the mixed bacteria of bacillus megaterium;
Second coating layer is the mixture of the zeolite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 3 and attapulgite;The zeolite and institute The grain size for stating attapulgite is 80 mesh;
The 3rd fertilizer layer is the mixed of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the Chinese medicine dreg that ratio of weight and number is 80: 20: 50: 8 Close object;The nitrogenous fertilizer is urea;The phosphate fertilizer is ground phosphate rock and diammonium hydrogen phosphate;The potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium chloride;
3rd coating layer is beta-cyclodextrin;
Wherein, it is 2: 2: 3: 2: 1 ilex pubescens, Radix Isatidis, oldenlandia diffusa, grass-leaved sweetflag, Caulis Spatholobi by ratio of weight and number Traditional Chinese drug mixture is crushed to 0.5cm, decocts 45min, is repeated 2 times, filter residue and filtrate is separated by filtration, during the filtrate is described Medicine liquid, the filter residue and drying to water content are 10%, cross 100 mesh sieves to get the Chinese medicine dreg.
Wherein, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the first fertilizer layer:By the poultry of above-mentioned parts by weight Compost after excrement and the mixing of marine product leftover bits and pieces, adjusts pH to 6, accesses the microbe leaven of above-mentioned parts by weight, control stacking Internal oxygen content keeps 10%, relative humidity 30%, treats that stacking internal temperature reaches 72 DEG C, when holding 36 is small, after turning again Compost, be repeated 2 times to get.
Wherein, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the second fertilizer layer:By the wood of above-mentioned parts by weight Bits and stalk are crushed to 0.5cm, add in the sugared filter muds of above-mentioned parts by weight, molasses, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, yeast waste liquor, are stirred after mixing Mix, access the fermenting agent of above-mentioned parts by weight, controlled at 50 DEG C, relative humidity 30%, fermentation 5 days to get.
<Example 2>
A kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, water content 15%, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer include successively from inside to outside The ratio of weight and number wrapped up layer by layer is 6: 2: 8: 1: 12: 3 the first fertilizer layer, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, the second coating Layer, the 3rd fertilizer layer and the 3rd coating layer,
The first fertilizer layer is pig manure, cow dung, fish Za crab shells and the micro- life that ratio of weight and number is 30: 30: 20: 20: 5 The tunning of object leavening;The microbe leaven is EM biological bacterias, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the fixed nitrogen that parts by weight are 5: 2: 1 Bacterium;
First coating layer is the mixture of the bentonite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 3 and acrylic resin;
The second fertilizer layer be ratio of weight and number be 40: 30: 10: 15: 20: 30: 5 sugared filter mud, molasses, sawdust, straw Stalk, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, the tunning of yeast waste liquor and fermenting agent;The fermenting agent is that ratio of weight and number is 5: 4: 4: 1 Saccharomycete, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, actinomyces and the mixed bacteria of bacillus megaterium;
Second coating layer is the mixture of the zeolite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 4 and attapulgite;The zeolite and institute The grain size for stating attapulgite is 100 mesh;
The 3rd fertilizer layer is the mixed of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the Chinese medicine dreg that ratio of weight and number is 80: 40: 70: 10 Close object;The nitrogenous fertilizer is urea;The phosphate fertilizer is ground phosphate rock and diammonium hydrogen phosphate;The potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium chloride;
3rd coating layer is beta-cyclodextrin;
Wherein, it is 3: 3: 4: 3: 2 ilex pubescens, Radix Isatidis, oldenlandia diffusa, grass-leaved sweetflag, Caulis Spatholobi by ratio of weight and number Traditional Chinese drug mixture is crushed to 1cm, decocts 60min, is repeated 3 times, is separated by filtration filter residue and filtrate, the filtrate is the Chinese medicine Liquid, the filter residue and drying to water content are 15%, cross 100 mesh sieves to get the Chinese medicine dreg.
Wherein, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the first fertilizer layer:By the poultry of above-mentioned parts by weight Compost after excrement and the mixing of marine product leftover bits and pieces, adjusts pH to 8, accesses the microbe leaven of above-mentioned parts by weight, control stacking Internal oxygen content keeps 25%, relative humidity 40%, treats that stacking internal temperature reaches 72 DEG C, when holding 48 is small, after turning again Compost, be repeated 3 times to get.
Wherein, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the second fertilizer layer:By the wood of above-mentioned parts by weight Bits and stalk are crushed to 1cm, add in the sugared filter muds of above-mentioned parts by weight, molasses, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, yeast waste liquor, are stirred after mixing, Access the fermenting agent of above-mentioned parts by weight, controlled at 60 DEG C, relative humidity 40%, fermentation 7 days to get.
<Example 3>
A kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, water content 18%, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer include successively from inside to outside The ratio of weight and number wrapped up layer by layer is 5: 2: 7: 1: 11: 2 the first fertilizer layer, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, the second coating Layer, the 3rd fertilizer layer and the 3rd coating layer,
The first fertilizer layer is chicken manure, cow dung, shrimp head, crab shell and the micro- life that ratio of weight and number is 25: 30: 15: 20: 5 The tunning of object leavening;The microbe leaven is EM biological bacterias, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the fixed nitrogen that parts by weight are 4: 1.5: 1 Bacterium;
First coating layer is the mixture of the bentonite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 3 and acrylic resin;
The second fertilizer layer be ratio of weight and number be 35: 25: 8: 12: 18: 25: 5 sugared filter mud, molasses, sawdust, straw Stalk, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, the tunning of yeast waste liquor and fermenting agent;The fermenting agent is that ratio of weight and number is 4: 3: 3: 1 Saccharomycete, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, actinomyces and the mixed bacteria of bacillus megaterium;
Second coating layer is the mixture of the zeolite that ratio of weight and number is 1: 3 and attapulgite;The zeolite and institute The grain size for stating attapulgite is 90 mesh;
The 3rd fertilizer layer is the mixed of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the Chinese medicine dreg that ratio of weight and number is 80: 30: 60: 9 Close object;The nitrogenous fertilizer is urea;The phosphate fertilizer is ground phosphate rock and diammonium hydrogen phosphate;The potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium chloride;
3rd coating layer is beta-cyclodextrin;
Wherein, it is 2.5: 2.5: 3.5: 2.5: 1.5 ilex pubescens, Radix Isatidis, oldenlandia diffusa, stone Chang by ratio of weight and number Pu, the Traditional Chinese drug mixture of Caulis Spatholobi are crushed to 1cm, decoct 50min, are repeated 3 times, are separated by filtration filter residue and filtrate, the filtrate As described traditional Chinese medicine liquid, the filter residue and drying to water content are 13%, cross 100 mesh sieves to get the Chinese medicine dreg.
Wherein, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the first fertilizer layer:By the poultry of above-mentioned parts by weight Compost after excrement and the mixing of marine product leftover bits and pieces, adjusts pH to 7, accesses the microbe leaven of above-mentioned parts by weight, control stacking Internal oxygen content keeps 15%, relative humidity 35%, treats that stacking internal temperature reaches 72 DEG C, when holding 42 is small, after turning again Compost, be repeated 3 times to get.
Wherein, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, the preparation method of the second fertilizer layer:By the wood of above-mentioned parts by weight Bits and stalk are crushed to 1cm, add in the sugared filter muds of above-mentioned parts by weight, molasses, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, yeast waste liquor, are stirred after mixing, Access the fermenting agent of above-mentioned parts by weight, controlled at 55 DEG C, relative humidity 35%, fermentation 6 days to get.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its be not restricted in specification and embodiment it is listed With.It can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely.It, can be easily for those skilled in the art Realize other modification.Therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, it is of the invention and unlimited In specific details and shown here as the example with description.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer, water content 18%, the sugarcane Special slow release fertilizer include layer successively from inside to outside The ratio of weight and number of layer package is 5:2:7:1:11:2 the first fertilizer layer, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, the second coating Layer, the 3rd fertilizer layer and the 3rd coating layer,
The first fertilizer layer is that ratio of weight and number is 25:30:15:20:5 chicken manure, cow dung, shrimp head, crab shell and microorganism hair The tunning of ferment agent;The microbe leaven is that parts by weight are 4:1.5:1 EM biological bacterias, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria;
First coating layer is that ratio of weight and number is 1:3 bentonite and the mixture of acrylic resin;
The second fertilizer layer is that ratio of weight and number is 35:25:8:12:18:25:5 sugared filter mud, molasses, sawdust, stalk, in The tunning of medicine liquid, yeast waste liquor and fermenting agent;The fermenting agent is that ratio of weight and number is 4:3:3:1 yeast Bacterium, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, the mixed bacteria of actinomyces and bacillus megaterium;
Second coating layer is that ratio of weight and number is 1:3 zeolite and the mixture of attapulgite;The zeolite and described recessed The grain size of convex stick soil is 90 mesh;
The 3rd fertilizer layer is that ratio of weight and number is 80:30:60:9 nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the mixture of potash fertilizer and Chinese medicine dreg; The nitrogenous fertilizer is urea;The phosphate fertilizer is ground phosphate rock and diammonium hydrogen phosphate;The potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium chloride;
3rd coating layer is beta-cyclodextrin;
Wherein, it is 2.5 by ratio of weight and number:2.5:3.5:2.5:1.5 ilex pubescens, Radix Isatidis, oldenlandia diffusa, grass-leaved sweetflag, chicken The Traditional Chinese drug mixture of blood rattan is crushed to 1cm, decocts 50min, is repeated 3 times, is separated by filtration filter residue and filtrate, the filtrate is institute Traditional Chinese medicine liquid is stated, the filter residue and drying to water content is 13%, crosses 100 mesh sieves to get the Chinese medicine dreg;
The preparation method of the first fertilizer layer:Compost after the animal manure of above-mentioned parts by weight and marine product leftover bits and pieces are mixed, is adjusted PH to 7 is saved, accesses the microbe leaven of above-mentioned parts by weight, oxygen content keeps 15%, relative humidity inside control stacking 35%, treat that stacking internal temperature reaches 72 DEG C, keep 42 it is small when, compost again after turning, be repeated 3 times to get;
The preparation method of the second fertilizer layer:The sawdust of above-mentioned parts by weight and stalk are crushed to 1cm, add in above-mentioned weight The sugared filter mud of number, molasses, traditional Chinese medicine liquid, yeast waste liquor stir after mixing, access the fermenting agent of above-mentioned parts by weight, control Temperature processed be 55 DEG C, relative humidity 35%, fermentation 6 days to get.
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