CN104838929B - Harmless prevention and control method for oriental fruit moths - Google Patents
Harmless prevention and control method for oriental fruit moths Download PDFInfo
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- CN104838929B CN104838929B CN201510275625.3A CN201510275625A CN104838929B CN 104838929 B CN104838929 B CN 104838929B CN 201510275625 A CN201510275625 A CN 201510275625A CN 104838929 B CN104838929 B CN 104838929B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a harmless prevention and control method for oriental fruit moths. The harmless prevention and control method is characterized by including the following steps: (1), using isotropic paste; (2), monitoring sex attractant; (3), treating affected treetops. Compared with the prior art, the harmless prevention and control method has the advantages that oriental fruit moth occurrence rate and fruiter top breaking rate can be lowered effectively, and the method is more obvious in effect on lowering oriental fruit moth wormed fruit rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oriental fruit months Harmless control method, belong to oriental fruit months prevention and control field.
Background technology
Oriental fruit months, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), a kind of insecticide of Tortricidae Grapholita.Larva
Fruit of causing harm is many to eat into into having frass to discharge in early days outside killed fruit channel, late period killed many no frass at calyx, stalk low-lying area.Larva eat into into
Through core, normal blackening around channel in the case of high humidity rots flaring greatly, is commonly called as " black plaster ".Not blackening around Fructus Mali pumilae channel.
Li Youguo is killed easy to fall off, Lee fruit slightly larger aggrieved do not fall off, pit sarcocarp nearby of causing harm moth food peaches and plums Fructus Pruni more.How from top petiole
Base portion is eaten into into marrow, eats into downwards and just shifts to lignifying, and channel gummosis simultaneously has frass, and killed tender tip is gradually withered, and is commonly called as " rolls over
The tip ".
In recent years, the impact of the factor such as the continuous expansion with peach tree area and drug-fast raising, oriental fruit months
Harm on peach tree is increasingly severe, and this worm 1-2 generation eats into the tip in peach garden, the little harm melonidum of general 3rd generation pears, but in recent years
In, late-maturing Fructus Persicae 3 generation pears little harm peach fruit more and more heavier, retransmit garden piece wormed fruit rate and be up to 29%, become the life of Mid-late ripening Peach cultivars
The dangerous pest producing.Topmost means of prevention remains chemical prevention at present, but due to the harm of this worm brill moth, egg hatching is high
The peak phase is difficult to prediction with pesticide control, production controls this insect using increase spray number of times with increasing spraying medicine concentration, leads to ring
Border is polluted, impact fruit quality safety etc..There is the research of Meng Xianzuo, Xu Yan, Su Jianwei etc. at present, the method is application information
Plain Mating discruption preventing and treating oriental fruit months, it have the advantages that efficient, nontoxic, do not injure beneficial insect, free from environmental pollution.The method is
Discharge sex pheromone in a large number in field, make male worm lose the orientation behaviour ability to female adult in the environment diffuse sex pheromone,
Male worm is caused to be difficult to seek female adult position, thus disturbing the normal mating of adult to be suppressed to reach Population breeding, after causing
Fall sharply for population density.
But, although simple Mating discruption has certain prevention effect for oriental fruit months, overall preventing and treating effect
Fruit is still poor.
Content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of oriental fruit months are harmless
Change prevention and controls.
Technical scheme：For achieving the above object, the present invention provide a kind of oriental fruit months Harmless control method, including with
Lower step：
(1) isotropic cream uses：In 3-7 days before winter generation adult is sprouted wings for the first time, use isotropic at separating fruit treetop 1/3
Cream, is applied between crotch, and every plant of tree smears 4-8 point, solidifies 2-3 hour；
(2) sex pheromone attractant：In pilot region with diagonal division monitoring point, monitoring gyplure is placed in each monitoring point
Basin trapper, trapper is suspended on top fruit sprayer periphery, adjacent trapper spacing 20-50m；Add in trapping basin and contain 0.10%
Detergent or the clear water of 0.10% detergent, lure hangs at water surface 0.5-1.5cm；Drag in net basin male moth daily and count
Number, and ensure at any time to lure the water yield in basin, regularly replace lure；
(3) aggrieved treetop is processed：According to above-mentioned sex pheromone attractant result, respectively occur for Adult occurrence peak in oriental fruit months
3 days afterwards, fruit tree in inspection area, every post fruit tree at least checks 100 young sprouts, after finding aggrieved young sprout, is cut, and periodically examines
Look into；
Preferably, described oriental fruit months Harmless control method, also include step (4) fruit bagging：In fruit
Phase, by fruit bagging.
As another kind preferably, the usage amount of described isotropic cream is every mu of 110g-130g, each point 1g-2g.
As another kind of preferred, when described fruit tree is middle-late ripening variety, reused once after 50 days.
As another kind of preferred, when described isotropic cream uses, need to avoid the rainy day.
As another kind preferably, in described step (2), the quantity of each monitoring point trapper is 5, and trapper is suspended on
Tree crown periphery is at the 1.2m-1.8m of ground.
As another kind preferably, making regular check in described step (3) is to check once every 3 days.
As another kind preferably, described fruit tree is auspicious No. 27 nectarine trees of light or magnificent Yu Maotaoshu.
In the present invention, isotropic cream main component is acetic acid Z-8- dodecylene alcohol ester, acetic acid E-8- dodecylene alcohol ester, Z-
8- lanolin alcohol, total content is 5%.The present invention is isotropic after cream solidifies on crotch, by the peculiar slow-release material of unguentum, continues
The quantitative release isotropic element of oriental fruit months, makes pears in orchard little isotropic plain 90 days and all maintains height level, thoroughly blocks the little food of pears
Heart worm mate and oviposit.
Oriental fruit months Harmless control method of the present invention, using Mating discruption of the prior art, at aggrieved treetop
Reason, effectively can prevent and treat oriental fruit months, and in terms of reducing wormed fruit rate, effect is more significantly.
Beneficial effect：With respect to prior art, oriental fruit months Harmless control method of the present invention, can effectively reduce pears
Grapholita spp incidence rate and fruit tree folding tip rate, in terms of reducing oriental fruit months fruit rate, effect is more significantly.
Figure of description
Accompanying drawing 1 check plot and embodiment 3 area's oriental fruit months occurrence dynamics comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1：
(1) isotropic cream uses：Sprout wings in first 3 days in winter generation adult first time, use isotropic at separating fruit treetop 1/3
Cream, is applied between crotch, and every plant of tree smears 4 points, and the usage amount of isotropic cream is every mu of 110g, each point 1g, and solidification 2 is little
When；When isotropic cream uses, need to avoid the rainy day.Reuse once after 50 days
(2) sex pheromone attractant：In pilot region with diagonal division monitoring point, monitoring gyplure is placed in each monitoring point
Basin trapper 5, trapper is suspended on top fruit sprayer periphery at the 1.2m of ground, adjacent trapper spacing 20m；In trapping basin
Add the clear water containing 0.10% detergent or 0.10% detergent, lure hangs at water surface 0.5cm；Drag for male in net basin daily
Moth simultaneously counts, and ensures at any time to lure the water yield in basin, regularly replaces lure；
(3) aggrieved treetop is processed：According to above-mentioned sex pheromone attractant result, respectively occur for Adult occurrence peak in oriental fruit months
3 days afterwards, fruit tree in inspection area, every post fruit tree at least checks 100 young sprouts, after finding aggrieved young sprout, is cut, every 3
It checks once.
Described fruit tree is auspicious No. 27 nectarine trees of light.
Embodiment 2：
(1) isotropic cream uses：Sprout wings in first 7 days in winter generation adult first time, use isotropic at separating fruit treetop 1/3
Cream, is applied between crotch, and every plant of tree smears 8 points, and the usage amount of isotropic cream is every mu of 130g, each point 2g, and solidification 3 is little
When；When isotropic cream uses, need to avoid the rainy day.Reuse once after 50 days
(2) sex pheromone attractant：In pilot region with diagonal division monitoring point, monitoring gyplure is placed in each monitoring point
Basin trapper 5, trapper is suspended on top fruit sprayer periphery at the 1.8m of ground, adjacent trapper spacing 50m；In trapping basin
Add the clear water containing 0.10% detergent or 0.10% detergent, lure hangs at water surface 1.5cm；Drag for male in net basin daily
Moth simultaneously counts, and ensures at any time to lure the water yield in basin, regularly replaces lure；
(3) aggrieved treetop is processed：According to above-mentioned sex pheromone attractant result, respectively occur for Adult occurrence peak in oriental fruit months
3 days afterwards, fruit tree in inspection area, every post fruit tree at least checks 100 young sprouts, after finding aggrieved young sprout, is cut, every 3
It checks once.
Described fruit tree is magnificent Yu Maotaoshu.
Embodiment 3：
(1) isotropic cream uses：Sprout wings in first 5 days in winter generation adult first time, use isotropic at separating fruit treetop 1/3
Cream, is applied between crotch, and every plant of tree smears 6 points, and the usage amount of isotropic cream is every mu of 120g, each point 1.5g, solidifies 2.5
Hour；When isotropic cream uses, need to avoid the rainy day.Reuse once after 50 days
(2) sex pheromone attractant：In pilot region with diagonal division monitoring point, monitoring gyplure is placed in each monitoring point
Basin trapper 5, trapper is suspended on top fruit sprayer periphery at the 1.5m of ground, adjacent trapper spacing 35m；In trapping basin
Add the clear water containing 0.10% detergent or 0.10% detergent, lure hangs at water surface 1cm；Drag for male moth in net basin daily
And count, and ensure at any time to lure the water yield in basin, regularly replace lure；
(3) aggrieved treetop is processed：According to above-mentioned sex pheromone attractant result, respectively occur for Adult occurrence peak in oriental fruit months
3 days afterwards, fruit tree in inspection area, every post fruit tree at least checks 100 young sprouts, after finding aggrieved young sprout, is cut, every 3
It checks once.
(4) fruit bagging：In the fruit phase, by fruit bagging.
Described fruit tree is auspicious No. 27 nectarine trees of light.
Embodiment 4：
(1) isotropic cream uses：Sprout wings in first 5 days in winter generation adult first time, use isotropic at separating fruit treetop 1/3
Cream, is applied between crotch, and every plant of tree smears 6 points, and the usage amount of isotropic cream is every mu of 120g, each point 1.5g, solidifies 2.5
Hour；When isotropic cream uses, need to avoid the rainy day.Reuse once after 50 days
(2) sex pheromone attractant：In pilot region with diagonal division monitoring point, monitoring gyplure is placed in each monitoring point
Basin trapper 5, trapper is suspended on top fruit sprayer periphery at the 1.5m of ground, adjacent trapper spacing 35m；In trapping basin
Add the clear water containing 0.10% detergent or 0.10% detergent, lure hangs at water surface 1cm；Drag for male moth in net basin daily
And count, and ensure at any time to lure the water yield in basin, regularly replace lure；
(3) aggrieved treetop is processed：According to above-mentioned sex pheromone attractant result, respectively occur for Adult occurrence peak in oriental fruit months
3 days afterwards, fruit tree in inspection area, every post fruit tree at least checks 100 young sprouts, after finding aggrieved young sprout, is cut, every 3
It checks once.
Described fruit tree is auspicious No. 27 nectarine trees of light.
Embodiment 5
(1) isotropic cream uses：Sprout wings in first 5 days in winter generation adult first time, use isotropic at separating fruit treetop 1/3
Cream, is applied between crotch, and every plant of tree smears 6 points, and the usage amount of isotropic cream is every mu of 120g, each point 1.5g, solidifies 2.5
Hour；When isotropic cream uses, need to avoid the rainy day.Reuse once after 50 days
(2) sex pheromone attractant：In pilot region with diagonal division monitoring point, monitoring gyplure is placed in each monitoring point
Basin trapper 5, trapper is suspended on top fruit sprayer periphery at the 1.5m of ground, adjacent trapper spacing 35m；In trapping basin
Add the clear water containing 0.10% detergent or 0.10% detergent, lure hangs at water surface 1cm；Drag for male moth in net basin daily
And count, and ensure at any time to lure the water yield in basin, regularly replace lure；
(3) aggrieved treetop is processed：According to above-mentioned sex pheromone attractant result, respectively occur for Adult occurrence peak in oriental fruit months
3 days afterwards, fruit tree in inspection area, every post fruit tree at least checks 100 young sprouts, after finding aggrieved young sprout, is cut, every 3
It checks once.
(4) fruit bagging：In the fruit phase, by fruit bagging.
Described fruit tree is magnificent Yu Maotaoshu.
Experimental example prevention and controls of the present invention effect detection
1 materials and methods
1.1 material
Oriental fruit months are isotropic, and unguentum is to be provided by Nanjing Sino Green Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
1.2 test sites and method
Big Hua Zhendong Xin Zhuan village of Pinggu district, 200 mu of experimental plot, be divided into four groups, three groups be trial zone, respectively according to
The embodiment of the present invention 3,4 and 5 prevention and controls are prevented and treated, and are set to embodiment 3 area, embodiment 4 area and embodiment 5 area, and check plot is auspicious
No. 27 nectarine trees of light, do not use any isotropic cream to prevent and treat (other prophylactico-therapeutic measuress are identical) with gyplure, all groups of control measures
Identical.
2 detection methods
(1) sex pheromone attractant：According to the sex pheromone attractant method in prevention and controls of the present invention, detect that oriental fruit months occur
Dynamically.
(2) folding tip rate monitoring：Monitoring result is lured according to property, respectively occurs latter 3 days for Adult occurrence peak in oriental fruit months, garden
Interior random inspection 5-10 strain tree, every plant point of east, south, west, north, middle five positionses, 100 young sprouts are at least investigated in each orientation, point
The aggrieved number of other investigation statisticses young sprout, the folding tip after will subsequently find out and recording is cut.Investigation in every 3 days is once.The aggrieved rate of young sprout and
Prevention effect computational methods are as follows：
(3) wormed fruit rate monitoring：In conjunction with harvesting, respectively select 1-2 strain tree (meter 5-10 strain) in test garden all directions Zhong Ge orientation,
In the tree crown surrounding of every plant of tree and 100 fruits of middle and upper part casual inspection of interior thorax, look into 500-1000 fruit altogether, investigation is recorded
The wormed fruit number that oriental fruit months are caused harm.Wormed fruit rate and prevention effect computational methods are as follows：
3rd, result
1st, oriental fruit months occurrence dynamics are shown in accompanying drawing 1, and monitoring result shows, check plot lures adult in a large number, and embodiment 3
Area lures adult quantity substantially less.
2nd, roll over tip rate monitoring result
The results are shown in Table 1, compare check plot, embodiment 3 area's fruit tree folding tip significantly reduces, and check plot folding tip rate is embodiment
5 times of 3rd area, show that the inventive method prevention effect is notable.
Table 1 folding tip rate monitoring result
3rd, wormed fruit rate monitoring result
The results are shown in Table 2, compare check plot, the wormed fruit rate in embodiment 3 area, 4th area and 5th area all significantly reduces, prevention effect
It is all higher than 65%.
Compared with the trial zone of bagging, the prevention effect in jacketing experiment area is not substantially suitable yet, therefore, present invention preventing and treating side
In method fruit not bagging it is also possible to reach the prevention effect of fruit bagging, reduce wormed fruit rate in terms of effect is significant.
Table 2 each trial zone wormed fruit rate testing result
Claims (6)
1. a kind of oriental fruit months Harmless control method is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) isotropic cream uses：In 3-7 days before winter generation adult is sprouted wings for the first time, at separating fruit treetop 1/3, use isotropic cream,
It is applied between crotch, every plant of tree smears 4-8 point, solidify 2-3 hour；
(2) sex pheromone attractant：In pilot region with diagonal division monitoring point, monitoring gyplure basin is placed in each monitoring point
Trapper, trapper is suspended on top fruit sprayer periphery, adjacent trapper spacing 20-50m；Add containing 0.10% laundry in trapping basin
Powder or the clear water of 0.10% detergent, lure hangs at water surface 0.5-1.5cm；Drag in net basin male moth daily and count, and
Ensure at any time to lure the water yield in basin, regularly replace lure；
The quantity of wherein each monitoring point trapper is 5, and trapper is suspended on tree crown periphery at the 1.2m-1.8m of ground；
(3) aggrieved treetop is processed：According to above-mentioned sex pheromone attractant result, in oriental fruit months respectively for after Adult occurrence peak appearance 3
My god, fruit tree in inspection area, every post fruit tree at least checks 100 young sprouts, after finding aggrieved young sprout, is cut, makes regular check on.
2. oriental fruit months Harmless control method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that also include step (4) really
Real bagging：In the fruit phase, by fruit bagging.
3. oriental fruit months Harmless control method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the use of described isotropic cream
Measure as every mu of 110g-130g, each point 1g-2g.
4. oriental fruit months Harmless control method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described isotropic cream uses
When, need to avoid the rainy day.
5. oriental fruit months Harmless control method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that determine in described step (3)
Phase checks to be to check once every 3 days.
6. oriental fruit months Harmless control method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described fruit tree is auspicious light 27
Number nectarine tree or magnificent Yu Maotaoshu.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718421B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2022-04-05 | 山东省果树研究所 | Protective net pillar special for apple orchard and method for preventing and controlling peach fruit borers cultivated without bagging |
| CN107343458A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-14 | 无锡市林业总站 | Oriental fruit months chemical prevention and control method |
| CN108029659B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-08-04 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for monitoring overwintering place of aphid |
| CN111937656B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-12-07 | 吉林农业大学 | Prevention and treatment method for pinworm |
| CN116076289A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-09 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for preventing fruit tree fruit borer by combining use of vagin and phagostimulant |
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| CN1034466A (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-08-09 | 江苏省激素研究所 | Insect attractant unguentum |
| CN102415304A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 砀山县水果协会 | Method for preventing and controlling orchard grapholitha molesta busck |
| CN103688800A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-04-02 | 山西农业大学 | Sex pheromone three-in-one orchard pest prevention and treatment method |
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| CN1034466A (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-08-09 | 江苏省激素研究所 | Insect attractant unguentum |
| CN102415304A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 砀山县水果协会 | Method for preventing and controlling orchard grapholitha molesta busck |
| CN103688800A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-04-02 | 山西农业大学 | Sex pheromone three-in-one orchard pest prevention and treatment method |
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