CN105815135A - Allelochemicals of plants for parasite expelling and fruit retention to grapholita molesta busck - Google Patents
Allelochemicals of plants for parasite expelling and fruit retention to grapholita molesta busck Download PDFInfo
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- CN105815135A CN105815135A CN201610182772.0A CN201610182772A CN105815135A CN 105815135 A CN105815135 A CN 105815135A CN 201610182772 A CN201610182772 A CN 201610182772A CN 105815135 A CN105815135 A CN 105815135A
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- fruit
- allelochemical
- months
- retention
- allelochemicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses allelochemicals of plants for expelling parasite and fruit retention to grapholita molesta busck. The allelochemicals of the plants for expelling parasite and fruit retention to the grapholita molesta busck is prepared from an extract in fruits harmed by the grapholita molesta busck. By using the allelochemicals contained in the harmed fruits, the grapholita molesta busck does not lay eggs on the fruits, and further the effects of expelling parasite and fruit retention to the grapholita molesta busck by using the allelochemicals of the plants is realized. The allelochemicals belong to plant expelling parasite and fruit retention agents which can be popularized and applied to the producing of green foods. An insect repellant containing the allelochemicals for fruit retention, disclosed by the invention, can be directly used for preventing the grapholita molesta busck from harming various fruit trees, and is applied according to the proportion of 45 kilos per mu; the harm of the grapholita molesta busck can be effectively reduced. By applying the allelochemicals contained in the invention, the wormed fruit rate of the fruits is reduced by 70 to 80 percent or higher; the allelochemicals have effects of obtaining high yields and good quality of fruits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of pest control, particularly to be a kind of to utilize the allelochemical of plant to oriental fruit months
Carry out anthelmintic fruit retention.
Background technology
Oriental fruit months (Grapholita molesta Busck), is called for short pears little, has another name called pears little moth fruit moth, east fruit moth
Moth, belongs to Lepidoptera Olethreutidae, and distribution is very wide, is the worldwide main moth tip, moth fruit insect, and it with larva moth food is mainly
The fruits such as evil Fructus Mali pumilae, Fructus Persicae, pears, Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi, Fructus Mali Asiaticae, Caulis et folium euphorbiae milii, Fructus Pruni, Lee, Fructus Crataegi, cause fruit output and quality degradation, seriously
Time can cause substantial amounts of shedding, even if fruit be injured after not shedding, also lose commodity value and edibility after being injured, to orchard worker
Cause serious economic loss.In China's each fruit main producing region, oriental fruit months the most all has distribution, has generation, and it is also eaten into
Food endangers the tender tip of new life of many planting fruit-trees；The most planting fruit-trees are neighbouring or fruit is injured more serious during companion planting.Larva both endangered
Fruit, also endangers the newborn tender tip；Children wormy fruit many eat at calyx low-lying area into, directly eat into into core, have frass to discharge at channel,
The de-fruit hole that larva is deviate from is had on killed fruit.
During the larva moth newborn tender tip of evil, how the SANYE petiole base from newborn tender tip top eat into into, until marrow, directly
Eat into downwards food.Having a small amount of frass to discharge at channel, channel above section is easily wilted withered.
Adult worms producting eggs is hollow in fruit calyx, stalk is hollow and metastomium, lays eggs in vacuum side of blade when endangering the newborn tender tip.After larvae hatch
A period of time of creeping i.e. eats into into fruit or the tender tip.In Fructus Mali pumilae and Fructus Persicae, Lee, the orchard of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi companion planting, first brood of larvae mainly eats into food
The tender tip of Fructus Persicae, Lee, Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi and Fructus Mali pumilae, the second to four on behalf of evil fruit, the heaviest with third generation harm Fructus Mali pumilae.5th generation larva also endangers
Fructus Persicae, Fructus Mali pumilae, the tender tip in Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi autumn.Larva and grow in the tender tip of new life in fruit aging after, just de-fruit, that the de-tip is found is suitable
Place of pupating.
The current main method used that oriental fruit months is prevented and treated:
1. artificial control: scrape bark early spring, eliminates the larva survived the winter in sticking up subcutaneous and crack；Before autumn, larva survived the winter, at trunk
On tie up grass handle, watt rib paper etc. lures collection Overwintering Larvae, after entering the winter or early spring in next year takes off and burns, eliminates the larva wherein survived the winter；Spring
When the Fructus Persicae tip, the Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi tip or the Fructus Mali pumilae tip that Ji Faxian is injured is injured, the killed tip to be wiped out in time, concentrate buried or burn, eliminating it
In larva.2. chemical control: the optimum period of chemical control is that each generation Adult worms producting eggs contains phase and larvae hatch initial stage, for preventing fruit
Being injured, keypoint control is second and third generation larva.Oriental fruit months extra-sexual hormone trapper is utilized to carry out the trapping of adult emergence period
Monitoring, instructs the spray medicine preventing and treating time accurately.Generally, medicine preventing and treating can be sprayed after peak occurs in adult；There is weight
Time or orchard, can at adult occurance peak 1 medicine of forward and backward each spray, control its harm；Do not luring by oriental fruit months property
In the case of agent fruit fly, the method that field investigation ovum fruit rate can be used, just can spray medicine when ovum fruit rate reaches 1%.At present
Conventional medicament has 22.4% spiral shell 5000 times of liquid of worm ethyl ester suspending agent, the sun is rich adds kk auxiliary agent, and the sun rich (3% emamectin benzoate) is to the food heart
The lepidoptera pest activity such as worm are high, and the lasting period is up to about 20 days, low to person poultry toxicity, Uptake and translocation again；20% speed is killed
3000 times of liquid of fourth cream, 3000 times of liquid of 2.5% cyhalothrin cream.3. Biological control: occur oriental fruit months over the years
The orchard that insect density is relatively low, available trichogramma dendrolimi prevents and treats, and discharges respectively at Adult worms producting eggs initial stage and Sheng phase
Each 1 time of trichogramma dendrolimi, every mu of each trichogramma releases in orchard about 25000, can substantially alleviate the danger of oriental fruit months
Evil.4. fruit bagging: this is the more effective method preventing oriental fruit months from endangering.
In the production of Organic food, explicit stipulation can not use any pesticide；Substantially, after agricultural product spraying pesticide,
Saying from plant metabolism negative-feedback principle, the distinctive flavor substance of organic farm products will be die young mistake immediately；For avoiding this feelings
Condition occurs, and is to use any pesticide on organic production.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned technical deficiency, it is provided that a kind of allelochemical utilizing plant
(A11eochemicals) oriental fruit months is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, improve agricultural product quality, improve the yield of agricultural product.
For solving the technical scheme of above-mentioned technical problem it is: utilize the extraction the fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months
The allelochemical of the plant that thing is made, carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to oriental fruit months, and described utilizes the allelochemical of plant to pears
Grapholita spp carries out anthelmintic fruit retention, by extracting in the fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months, making；This is according to the little food of pears
The biological characteristics of heart worm itself, characteristic that i.e. it is laid eggs on fruit and the feature of larva harm, is used；General feelings
Under condition, oriental fruit months only produces one to two ovum on each fruit, and the fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months, it is will not
The characteristic laid eggs again and feature；In the allelochemical extracted from fruit, the allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention is 0.015%
Left and right.
The extract 1 part of the described allelochemical that can carry out anthelmintic fruit retention, needs during use to add about 450 times
Water, sprays routinely；Every mu of usage amount is 45 kilograms.
Described allelochemical need to keep in Dark Place.
Described endangered by oriental fruit months after Fructus Persicae, Lee, pears, Fructus Mali pumilae etc. fruit in, all contain this kind of allelochemical.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention be utilize hazard of plant after, contained allelochemical itself carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to oriental fruit months, is profit
With allelochemical that extract in the fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months, containing special anthelmintic.This utilize plant
Allelochemical carries out to oriental fruit months that anthelmintic fruit retention belongs in pollution-free food production should the insect-proof agent of popularization and application.
2. the allelochemical contained by the present invention, be utilize hazard of plant after, itself produce and contained allelochemical be to pears
Grapholita spp carries out anthelmintic fruit retention, can be directly used in various orchard and use,；Every mu of usage amount is about 45 kilograms；Can be effectively
Alleviate the moth fruit harm of oriental fruit months.
3. use the allelochemical contained by the present invention, oriental fruit months is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, oriental fruit months can be made
Borer fruit rate reduces more than 70-80%, has fruit output height, the effect of quality better.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is further described: following example are merely to illustrate
The present invention, but it is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
A kind of allelochemical utilizing plant that the present invention provides carries out anthelmintic fruit retention, described utilization to oriental fruit months
The allelochemical of plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to oriental fruit months, is to utilize the fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months to extract
, allelochemical containing special anthelmintic.
Described allelochemical (A11eochemicals) also known as its sense material, the anti-preformed material of plant, protective plant protecting agent, plant immunization
Material.
Allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention refers to: extracts the fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months, contain
The allelochemical of special anthelmintic.
This is the biological characteristics according to oriental fruit months itself, and characteristic and larva that i.e. it is laid eggs on fruit endanger
Feature, be used；Generally, oriental fruit months only produces one to two ovum on each fruit, by the pears little food heart
Fruit after worm harm, it is the characteristic and feature that will not lay eggs again；In the allelochemical extracted from fruit, containing anthelmintic
The allelochemical of fruit retention is about 0.015%.
The extract of the described allelochemical that can carry out anthelmintic fruit retention, needs to add the water of about 450 times, enters during use
Row is sprayed routinely；Every mu of usage amount is about 45 kilograms.
Described allelochemical need to keep in Dark Place.
Described endangered by oriental fruit months after Fructus Persicae, Lee, pears, Fructus Mali pumilae etc. fruit in, all contain this kind of allelochemical.
After refinement allelochemical (A1leochemicals), it is a kind of extremely complex compound.Above-mentioned natural
Allelochemical can stop laying eggs of oriental fruit months, and play and catch up with and refuse functions such as laying eggs.One is entered below by embodiment
Step illustrates the extraction of the present invention, prepares and use.
One, embodiment one
The present invention provides a kind of allelochemical extracted from Fructus Mali pumilae, utilizes this allelochemical to carry out, carries out oriental fruit months
Anthelmintic fruit retention is tested, and the described allelochemical utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to oriental fruit months, extract adds 450 times
Water dilution form, i.e. from Fructus Mali pumilae extract allelochemical 1 part add water 450 parts.
(1), specifically comprising the following steps that of the present invention is prepared
1. extract, prepare allelochemical, be to extract to prepare in laboratory:
Select the Fructus Mali pumilae after being endangered by oriental fruit months, pulverize, use the organic solvent method for extracting of opposed polarity, extract
Allelochemical, respectively extracting 2-3 time, organic facies mixing after extracting, concentrating under reduced pressure, volatilize machine solvent, obtains allelochemical；Dilution
Laggard row carries out anthelmintic fruit retention application
2. preparation, extracted containing allelochemical, be contained in brown bottle, keep in Dark Place standby.
(2), the allelochemical that utilizes the present invention to prepare, extract, carry out anthelmintic, the field experiment of fruit retention in apple orchard；If
There is Routine Management district for comparison.
Test and result are as follows:
(1), allelochemical sprays the date: carried out trial zone on May 28 and sprays for the first time, carried out trial zone second time on June 26
Spray, carried out trial zone third time on July 28 and spray.
(2), trial zone and the basic condition of check plot: in order to verify the anthelmintic fruit retention effect of allelochemical, trial zone and
Check plot, fruit does not all have bagging；The age of tree of fruit tree, outward appearance growing way are substantially uniform unanimously, and soil fertility is basically identical, manager
Formula method is basically identical.
(3), pears little borer fruit rate investigation: investigate before gathering, use diagonal process to take in trial zone and check plot
Sample, 10 points during the investigation of each district, 200 fruits of each points for investigation successive survey；The borer fruit rate ratio using garden of the present invention is not executed
73.5% is reduced with the little borer fruit rate of the pears of garden of the present invention.
Two, embodiment two
1. extract, prepare allelochemical, be to extract to prepare in laboratory:
Select the big Fructus Persicae after being endangered by oriental fruit months, pulverize, use the organic solvent method for extracting of opposed polarity, extract
Allelochemical, respectively extracting 2-3 time, organic facies mixing after extracting, concentrating under reduced pressure, volatilize machine solvent, obtains allelochemical；Dilution
Laggard row carries out anthelmintic fruit retention application
2. preparation, extracted containing allelochemical, be contained in brown bottle, keep in Dark Place standby.
(2), the allelochemical that utilizes the present invention to prepare, extract, carry out anthelmintic, the field experiment of fruit retention in peach garden；It is provided with
Routine Management district is comparison.
Test and result are as follows:
(1), allelochemical sprays the date: carried out trial zone on May 6 and sprays for the first time, carried out trial zone second time spray on June 2
Execute.
(2), trial zone and the basic condition of check plot: in order to verify the anthelmintic fruit retention effect of allelochemical, trial zone and
Check plot, fruit does not all have bagging；The age of tree of fruit tree, outward appearance growing way are substantially uniform unanimously, and soil fertility is basically identical, manager
Formula method is basically identical.
(3), pears little moth food peach fruit rate investigation: investigate in collection period；Trial zone and check plot use diagonal process
Sampling, 10 points during the investigation of each district, 200 Fructus Persicae of each points for investigation successive survey；Use the pears little borer fruit rate ratio of garden of the present invention
The little borer fruit rate of pears not using garden of the present invention reduces 79.5%.
Three, embodiment three
1. extract, prepare allelochemical, be to extract to prepare in laboratory:
Select the pears after being endangered by oriental fruit months, pulverize, use the organic solvent method for extracting of opposed polarity, extractionization
Sense material, respectively extracting 2-3 time, organic facies mixing after extracting, concentrating under reduced pressure, volatilize machine solvent, obtains allelochemical；After dilution
Carry out anthelmintic fruit retention application
2. preparation, extracted containing allelochemical, be contained in brown bottle, keep in Dark Place standby.
(2), the allelochemical that utilizes the present invention to prepare, extract, carry out anthelmintic, the field experiment of fruit retention in theatre；It is provided with
Routine Management district is comparison.
Test and result are as follows:
(1), allelochemical sprays the date: carried out trial zone on May 28 and sprays for the first time, carried out trial zone second time on June 26
Spray, carried out trial zone third time on July 28 and spray.
(2), trial zone and the basic condition of check plot: in order to verify the anthelmintic fruit retention effect of allelochemical, trial zone and
Check plot, fruit does not all have bagging；The age of tree of fruit tree, outward appearance growing way are substantially uniform unanimously, and soil fertility is basically identical, manager
Formula method is basically identical.
(3), oriental fruit months borer fruit rate investigation: investigate in collection period；Trial zone and check plot use diagonal side
Method samples, 10 points during the investigation of each district, 200 fruits of each points for investigation successive survey；Use the borer fruit rate ratio of garden of the present invention
The little borer fruit rate of pears not using district of the present invention reduces 82.35%.
Claims (4)
1. the allelochemical utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to oriental fruit months, it is characterised in that described allelochemical, is
Fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months extracts；This is the biological characteristics according to oriental fruit months itself, and i.e. it is fruit
The characteristic laid eggs in reality and larva harm feature, be used；Generally, oriental fruit months only produces one on fruit
Grain is to two ovum, the fruit after being endangered by oriental fruit months, and it is the characteristic and feature that will not lay eggs again；Extracting from fruit
Allelochemical in, the allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention is about 0.015%.
2. according to the allelochemical utilizing plant described in claim 1, oriental fruit months is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, its feature
It is that the extract 1 part of the described allelochemical that can carry out anthelmintic fruit retention needs to add the water of about 450 times, enters during use
Row is sprayed routinely；Every mu of usage amount is about 45 kilograms.
3. according to the allelochemical utilizing plant described in claim 1, oriental fruit months is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, its feature
Being, described allelochemical need to keep in Dark Place.
4. according to the allelochemical utilizing plant described in claim 1, oriental fruit months is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, its feature
Be, described endangered by oriental fruit months after Fructus Persicae, Lee, pears, Fructus Mali pumilae etc. fruit in, all contain this kind of allelochemical.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610182772.0A CN105815135A (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Allelochemicals of plants for parasite expelling and fruit retention to grapholita molesta busck |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610182772.0A CN105815135A (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Allelochemicals of plants for parasite expelling and fruit retention to grapholita molesta busck |
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| CN105815135A true CN105815135A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610182772.0A Pending CN105815135A (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Allelochemicals of plants for parasite expelling and fruit retention to grapholita molesta busck |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108718879A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-02 | 会东县铅锌镇龙凤家庭农场 | It is a kind of to exempt from bagging winter peach implantation methods using flue-cured tobacco wastes |
| CN111838076A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-10-30 | 安庆师范大学 | Cylindrical observation chamber for enhancing parasitic rate of parasitic wasps by non-volatile allelochemicals and observation method thereof |
| CN115088549A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-09-23 | 天津市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for preventing and controlling northern fruit tree pod borers by planting special green manure crop combination |
-
2016
- 2016-03-28 CN CN201610182772.0A patent/CN105815135A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108718879A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-02 | 会东县铅锌镇龙凤家庭农场 | It is a kind of to exempt from bagging winter peach implantation methods using flue-cured tobacco wastes |
| CN111838076A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-10-30 | 安庆师范大学 | Cylindrical observation chamber for enhancing parasitic rate of parasitic wasps by non-volatile allelochemicals and observation method thereof |
| CN115088549A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-09-23 | 天津市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for preventing and controlling northern fruit tree pod borers by planting special green manure crop combination |
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Application publication date: 20160803 |