CN104776977A - Coastal engineering silt physical model test bottom bed dynamic and comprehensive observation method - Google Patents
Coastal engineering silt physical model test bottom bed dynamic and comprehensive observation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a coastal engineering silt physical model test bottom bed dynamic and comprehensive observation method. The method is characterized in that the method is involved in a total station, high-speed cameras, a mini-type soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensors, wherein the total station and the high-speed cameras are arranged on the outer side of a silt physical model test water tank and the mini-type soil pressure sensor and the pore water pressure sensors are arranged in a bottom bed in the silt physical model test water tank; the observation method includes a high-speed photographing method, a double-sensor synchronous point detection method and a total station section measurement method, the high-speed photographing method is used for photographing the bottom bed dynamic evolution and the wave time interval change from the glass side wall of the silt physical model test water tank, the double-sensor synchronous point detection method is used for separating dynamic pressure generated from waves through the pore water pressure sensors so as to acquire the actual change of the elevation of the bottom bed, the total station section measurement method includes the steps that after waves are generated and water is drained out slowly, the section is scanned in a scattered mode through the total station, so that final terrain is acquired and corrected. The method is suitable for being used in a water tank test and the dynamic evolution of the whole physical model test bottom bed is synchronously observed in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to harbour, coastal engineering field physical experiments, particularly relating to the observation procedure of bottom section dynamic conditioning under two-dimensional flume wave action, is a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure specifically.
Background technology
In coastal engineering physical experiments field, particularly comprise in the experiment of sediment movement, landform, as the key factor affecting wave motion, is in the process of dynamic change always, therefore, dynamically the acquisition of graphic data is most important for the mechanism of action of development test.Traditional topographic survey method is mainly by means of total powerstation, and the instruments such as ultrasonic distance measuring apparatus, although they have the high advantage of precision, owing to cannot use when there being water body, therefore, have significant limitation, cannot meet the requirement of modern harbor work test.Novel test measuring method, as methods such as LIDAR, Profiler, although can realize the dynamic monitoring to landform, cannot realize simultaneous observation, complicated operation and cost is too high, is not adapted at using in flume test.Therefore, deepening continuously along with experimental study, the low and physical experiments that feasibility is strong (the particularly sediment movement test) observation procedure of a kind of cost urgently finds.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure, solve in prior art and cannot to realize in process of the test and the defect of complicated operation high to the dynamic observation of bottom, novel test measuring method cost, be adapted at using in flume test, realize synchronous real-time monitored to whole physical experiments bottom dynamic evolution, and easy to operate, cost is lower.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is, a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure provided by the invention, is characterized in that, comprises the INTEGRATED SIGHT method laid recording geometry and adopt recording geometry to carry out, described recording geometry is included in the total powerstation that silt physical experiments tank is arranged outward, high-speed camera, be arranged on the miniature soil pressure sensor in silt physical experiments tank in bottom and pore water pressure sensor, the INTEGRATED SIGHT method that described recording geometry is carried out comprises CCTV(Closed Circuit Television) high speed video process, dual sensor synchronously visits a method, total powerstation profile survey method, wherein, described CCTV high speed video process adopts high-speed camera to take bottom dynamic evolution and wave changing course from the glass edge wall of silt physical experiments tank, and obtain image correction parameters by the relation set up between graphical rule and physical size, thus the physical size obtained spatially, it is miniature soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor are fixed together and certain depth (ensureing not to be etched) under being embedded in described bottom that described dual sensor synchronously visits a method, the dynamic pressure thus the actual change of acquisition bottom elevation that are produced by wave is isolated by pore water pressure sensor, described total powerstation profile survey method be make ripple complete water is slowly discharged after with total powerstation loose spot scan is carried out to section and then obtains final landform, the final landform that total powerstation the data obtained is used for synchronously visiting high speed video process and dual sensor a method corrects.
CCTV high speed video process as above, in order to improve the identification degree at water body and bottom interface, air and water body interface, even high light (as searchlight) or laser apparatus should be arranged, to reduce in the identifying of interface suspended load to the interference of bottom elevation above silt physical experiments tank.
CCTV high speed video process as above, in order to improve measuring accuracy, described high-speed camera should cover the target zone of corresponding size according to pixel size and accuracy requirement, described high-speed camera shooting effective coverage is 2-4 m, then its precision (physical length/pixel number) is 0.1-0.3 cm, (as: horizontal pixel point 1920, shooting effective coverage is 3 m, then its precision is about 300/1920=0.156 cm).
CCTV high speed video process as above, in order to obtain the topographic(al) data of time-histories, usually the pictorial information of per half a minute is got, but in order to make result more accurate, the actual elevation of minimum value as bottom of elevation in each moment previous and rear wave period can be got, to reduce the error that suspended load under wave action may cause.In addition for obtaining wave height data, according to wave period, general setting high-speed video camera shooting speed is 8-12 frame/second, otherwise the too high meeting of frequency causes late time data amount not easily to process too greatly, and the too low meeting of frequency causes wave height measuring error to increase.
CCTV high speed video process as above, the information of all pixels in overlay area can be captured by video, thus not only can calculate the elevation change of bottom and water body Free Surface, obtain the time-histories evolution process of landform and wave height, traction load, suspended load can also be distinguished according to image aberration, quantity of information is very abundant, and instrument layout does not spatially have limitation relative to wave-height gauge.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, for the overall process that record water front corrodes and sand bar moves, visit point to arrange along the overall gradient direction of bottom, near wave breaking point and the wave band that swashes need arrange comparatively intensive, arrangement interval gets 0.4-0.6m, and rising between the point to break-up point of slope, visit point and arrange comparatively sparse, arrangement interval gets 1.4-1.6m.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, while ensureing record the entire profile change procedure, under reducing sand bed, dynamic pressure affects, miniature soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor depth of placement need below the bed surface of described bottom between the 1-3 times of wave height degree of depth, because the maximum place of climbing weathers most critical regions often, the Probe arrangement degree of depth should not be excessively shallow, 2-3 times of wave height depth range below bed surface.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, for ensureing that miniature soil pressure sensor is identical with 2 probe sampling points of pore water pressure sensor, and prevent the slippage of position in process of the test or sink, samely visit described miniature soil pressure sensor on point and two probes of pore water pressure sensor need be fixed on one block of organic glass or smooth ceramic tile, and ensure the block density fixed be water-mass density more than 2 times.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, and for explaining the action rule of wave motion to sediment movement in detail, miniature soil pressure sensor used sets identical sample frequency with pore water pressure sensor, to ensure that the waveform of survey region can complete description.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, in reprocessing analysis, sets up the electric signal relation between miniature soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor, the calibration coefficient of the miniature soil pressure sensor of Measurement accuracy and pore water pressure sensor.
Total powerstation profile survey method as above, use measuring accuracy be ± guest of 1mm obtains R-202NE total powerstation and settles the longitudinal landform of the bottom of (also near pressure transducer settlement) near the glass edge wall of side to carry out the measurement of higher degree to video capture, measurement step-length is determined according to the Variation Features of actual landform and requirement of experiment.Usually to more regular simple section experiment, wave effect less than bottom upper zone, measure interval larger (example gets 14-16cm); Wave can affect but change mild, the simple section of form, measures interval and suitably reduces (getting 9-11cm in example); The region that topography variation is more complicated, measures interval less (getting 5 ~ 8cm in example).Measure interval for each section all consider terrain feature and specifically change, ensure that the feature of topographic profile is reflected.
Total powerstation profile survey method as above, in measurement details, because total powerstation utilizes laser reflection to determine target location, the track of light is straight line, to be blocked or abnormal reflection can cause the landform such as depression directly to measure at light, R. concomitans levelling pole obtains these data; In addition, the light of Laser emission and impact point angle to be measured less time to cause being radiated at the hot spot of impact point comparatively large, causes measuring error or measure difficulty, therefore as far as possible high position is selected in the erection of total powerstation, total powerstation is when measuring, and laser beam and the minimum angle of horizontal direction are more than 3 °.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages and good effect: sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure provided by the invention, solves in prior art and cannot to realize in process of the test and the defect of complicated operation high to the dynamic observation of bottom, novel test measuring method cost.The present invention is adapted at using in flume test, realizes the synchronous real-time monitored to whole physical experiments bottom dynamic evolution.There is the advantages such as simple to operate, precision is high, rational in infrastructure, cost is lower.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram arranging dual sensor in the present invention in silt physical experiments tank;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view that in the present invention, silt physical experiments tank side arranges high-speed camera;
Fig. 3 is video correction grid schematic diagram in example of the present invention;
Miniature soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor are arranged on the schematic diagram on one block of organic glass in example of the present invention by Fig. 4;
Fig. 5 is the upward view of Fig. 4.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
See Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the embodiment of a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments of the present invention bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure, comprises the INTEGRATED SIGHT method laid recording geometry and adopt recording geometry to carry out; Silt physical experiments tank 1 comprises the bottom 2 of cement base 5, glass edge wall 4 and inside, described bottom 2 is piled up by sand and is formed, form certain slope, during test, in silt physical experiments tank 1, add a certain amount of water, a horizontal horizontal line in Fig. 1 below SWL is water purification position.Described recording geometry is included in the outer total powerstation that arranges of silt physical experiments tank 1 and high-speed camera 6, the miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 machine water pressure sensor 3-1 be arranged in silt physical experiments tank 1 bottom 2, and the INTEGRATED SIGHT method that recording geometry is carried out comprises CCTV(Closed Circuit Television) high speed video process, dual sensor synchronously visit a method, total powerstation profile survey method.Wherein, described CCTV high speed video process adopts high-speed camera 6 silt physical experiments tank 1 glass edge wall 4 to take bottom 2 dynamic evolution and wave changing course, and obtain image correction parameters by the relation set up between graphical rule and physical size, thus obtain physical size spatially.It is be fixed together by miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 and pore water pressure sensor 3-1 and be embedded in described bottom 2 times certain depths that described dual sensor synchronously visits a method, is isolated the dynamic pressure thus the actual change of acquisition bottom elevation that are produced by wave by pore water pressure sensor 3-1.Described total powerstation profile survey method be make ripple complete water is slowly discharged after with total powerstation loose spot scan is carried out to section and then obtains final landform, the final landform that total powerstation the data obtained is used for synchronously visiting high speed video process and dual sensor a method corrects.
CCTV high speed video process as above, in order to improve the identification degree at water body and bottom 2 interface, air and water body interface, searchlight or the laser apparatus of even high light should be arranged, to reduce in the identifying of interface suspended load to the interference of bottom 2 elevation above silt physical experiments tank 1.
CCTV high speed video process as above, in order to improve measuring accuracy, described high-speed camera 6 should cover the target zone of corresponding size according to pixel size and accuracy requirement, it is 2-4 m that described high-speed camera 6 takes effective coverage, then its precision (physical length/pixel number) is 0.1-0.3 cm, (as: horizontal pixel point 1920, shooting effective coverage is 3 m, then its precision is about 300/1920=0.156 cm).
CCTV high speed video process as above, in order to obtain the topographic(al) data of time-histories, usually the pictorial information of per half a minute is got, but in order to make result more accurate, the actual elevation of minimum value as bottom 2 of elevation in each moment previous and rear wave period can be got, to reduce the error that suspended load under wave action may cause.In addition for obtaining wave height data, according to wave period, general setting high-speed video camera shooting speed is 8-12 frame/second, otherwise the too high meeting of frequency causes late time data amount not easily to process too greatly, and the too low meeting of frequency causes wave height measuring error to increase.
CCTV high speed video process as above, the information of all pixels in overlay area can be captured by video, thus not only can calculate the elevation change of bottom 2 and water body Free Surface, obtain the time-histories evolution process of landform and wave height, traction load, suspended load can also be distinguished according to image aberration, quantity of information is very abundant, and instrument layout does not spatially have limitation relative to wave-height gauge.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, for the overall process that record water front corrodes and sand bar moves, visit point to arrange along the overall gradient direction of bottom 2, near wave breaking point and the wave band that swashes need arrange comparatively intensive, arrangement interval gets 0.4-0.6m, and rising between the point to break-up point of slope, visit point and arrange comparatively sparse, arrangement interval gets 1.4-1.6m.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, while ensureing record the entire profile change procedure, miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 and pore water pressure sensor 3-1 depth of placement need below the bed surface of described bottom 2 between the 1-3 times of wave height degree of depth, because the maximum place of climbing weathers most critical regions often, the Probe arrangement degree of depth should not be excessively shallow, 2-3 times of wave height depth range below the bed surface of bottom 2.
Upper described dual sensor synchronously visits a method, for ensureing that miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 is identical with the 2 probe sampling points of pore water pressure sensor 3-1, and prevent the slippage of position in process of the test or sink, as Fig. 4, shown in Fig. 5, miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 on same spy point and two probes of pore water pressure sensor 3-1 need be fixed on (miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 on one piece of organic glass 3-3 or smooth ceramic tile, the integrative-structure that pore water pressure sensor 3-1 and organic glass 3-3 forms is referred to as dual sensor 3), ensure the density of the organic glass 3-3 that fixes or smooth ceramic tile be water-mass density more than 2 times.During use, one piece of organic glass 3-3 or smooth ceramic tile only need a miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 and pore water pressure sensor 3-1, but, because pore water pressure sensor 3-1 easily damages, in order to reduce the trouble changed instrument and may cause, at one piece of organic glass 3-3(or smooth ceramic tile in the present embodiment) on secure a miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 and two pore water pressure sensor 3-1, wherein, have a pore water pressure sensor 3-1 to be for subsequent use.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, for explaining the action rule of wave motion to sediment movement in detail, miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 used sets identical sample frequency with pore water pressure sensor 3-1, to ensure that the waveform of survey region can complete description.
Dual sensor as above synchronously visits a method, for in reprocessing analysis, set up the electric signal relation between miniature soil pressure sensor 3-1 and pore water pressure sensor 3-1, the calibration coefficient of Measurement accuracy miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 and pore water pressure sensor 3-1.
Total powerstation profile survey method as above, use measuring accuracy be ± guest of 1mm obtains R-202NE total powerstation and settles the topographic profile of (also near dual sensor 3 settlement) near side glass edge wall 4 to carry out the measurement of higher degree to video capture, measurement step-length is determined according to the Variation Features of actual landform and requirement of experiment.Usually to more regular simple section experiment, wave effect less than upper zone, measure interval larger (example gets 14-16cm); Wave can affect but change mild, the simple section of form, measures interval and suitably reduces (getting 9-11cm in example); The region that topography variation is more complicated, measures interval less (getting 5 ~ 8cm in example).Measure interval for each section all consider terrain feature and specifically change, ensure that the feature of topographic profile is reflected.
Total powerstation profile survey method as above, in measurement details, because total powerstation utilizes laser reflection to determine target location, the track of light is straight line, to be blocked or abnormal reflection can cause the landform such as depression directly to measure at light, R. concomitans levelling pole obtains these data; In addition, the light of Laser emission and impact point angle to be measured less time to cause being radiated at the hot spot of impact point comparatively large, causes measuring error or measure difficulty, therefore as far as possible high position is selected in the erection of total powerstation, total powerstation is when measuring, and laser beam and the minimum angle of horizontal direction are more than 3 °.
As shown in Figure 1, for the present invention arranges the schematic diagram of dual sensor 3 in silt physical experiments tank 1, because silt physical experiments tank 1 is very long, Fig. 1 is only the partial schematic diagram containing bottom 2 part;
As shown in Figure 2, in example of the present invention, silt physical experiments tank 1 side arranges the vertical view of high-speed camera 6, because silt physical experiments tank 1 is very long, Fig. 2 is only the partial schematic diagram containing bottom 2 part; In the present embodiment, video monitoring system used is that Korea S HD IP Box Camera is equipped with FUJIFILM 8-80 mm F1.6 camera lens, and setting shooting frame number is 10fps, and the every frame picture pixels of gained is 1680 × 1920.High-speed camera 6 is disposed side by side on the same side of silt physical experiments tank 1, every platform high-speed camera 6 camera lens covers two pieces of glass edge wall 4(horizontal lengths of silt physical experiments tank 1: 1.5 m × 2), high-speed camera 6 rear portion is equipped with gobo with the glass-reflected reducing external light and cause interference, installs intense light source (about 100W-150W) or ruddiness (wavelength about 650nm) laser to strengthen interface identification degree on silt physical experiments tank 1 top.High-speed camera 6 height should be enough low with glass edge wall 4 phenomenon ensureing only shooting silt physical experiments tank 1, avoids occurring object interference in silt physical experiments tank 1 in video.In addition, high-speed camera 6 should be tried one's best level and be positioned on the horizontal centre vertical line of photographic subjects, to reduce the error that scalloping causes, improves precision.
Figure 3 shows that the image rectification principle of CCTV high speed video process.As shown in Figure 3, before on-test on glass edge wall 4 adhesive correction grid 7(grid level spacing 20 cm, vertical interval 10 cm), the closeer precision of calibration grid 7 is higher, the point of crossing of calibration grid 7 is check point 8, by the relation of the pixel position and physical size of analyzing this correction picture, can set up by matching the relation that image coordinate fastens all pixels and physical size.
Figure 4 shows that dual sensor synchronously visits a method basic layout, miniature soil pressure sensor 3-2 range 50Kpa, diameter 16mm, thickness 4.8mm, Full-span output about 300
, accurate trueness error≤0.3F.S, overload capacity 120%, bridge resistance, is 350
, can work in saturation water medium, adopt U.S. UEI data acquisition system (DAS), sample frequency is controlled; Pore water pressure sensor 3-1 range 10Kpa, diameter 20mm, error per mille, sample frequency is controlled.
Above content is all taken from oceanographic engineering key lab of Shandong Province bottom and is developed physical experiments example.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure, is characterized in that, comprises the INTEGRATED SIGHT method laid recording geometry and adopt recording geometry to carry out, described recording geometry is included in the total powerstation that silt physical experiments tank is arranged outward, high-speed camera, be arranged on the miniature soil pressure sensor in silt physical experiments tank in bottom and pore water pressure sensor, the INTEGRATED SIGHT method that described recording geometry is carried out comprises CCTV high speed video process, dual sensor synchronously visits a method, total powerstation profile survey method, wherein, described CCTV high speed video process adopts high-speed camera to take bottom dynamic evolution and wave changing course from the glass edge wall of silt physical experiments tank, and obtain image correction parameters by the relation set up between graphical rule and physical size, thus the physical size obtained spatially, it is miniature soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor are fixed together and certain depth under being embedded in described bottom that described dual sensor synchronously visits a method, the dynamic pressure thus the actual change of acquisition bottom elevation that are produced by wave is isolated by pore water pressure sensor, described total powerstation profile survey method be make ripple complete water is slowly discharged after with total powerstation loose spot scan is carried out to section and then obtains final landform, the final landform that total powerstation the data obtained is used for synchronously visiting high speed video process and dual sensor a method corrects.
2. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, arrange searchlight or the laser apparatus of even high light above described silt physical experiments tank.
3. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described CCTV high speed video process, described high-speed camera shooting effective coverage is 2-4 m, and the value of its physical length/pixel number is 0.1-0.3 cm.
4. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described CCTV high speed video process, in order to obtain the topographic(al) data of time-histories, get the pictorial information of per half a minute, and, get the actual elevation of minimum value as bottom of elevation in each moment previous and rear wave period, setting high-speed video camera shooting speed is 8-12 frame/second, can be captured the information of all pixels in overlay area by video.
5. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described dual sensor synchronously visits a method, for the overall process that record water front corrodes and sand bar moves, visit point to arrange along the overall gradient direction of bottom, near wave breaking point and the swash spy point arrangement interval of band of wave get 0.4-0.6m, and rising between the point to break-up point of slope, visit some arrangement interval and get 1.4-1.6m, described miniature soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor depth of placement are below the bed surface of described bottom between the 1-3 times of wave height degree of depth, described miniature soil pressure sensor on same spy point and two probes of pore water pressure sensor are fixed on one block of organic glass or smooth ceramic tile, and the density of described organic glass or smooth ceramic tile is water-mass density more than 2 times.
6. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described dual sensor is synchronously visited in a method, and described miniature soil pressure sensor sets identical sample frequency with pore water pressure sensor.
7. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, for in reprocessing analysis, set up the electric signal relation between miniature soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor, the calibration coefficient of the miniature soil pressure sensor of Measurement accuracy and pore water pressure sensor.
8. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described total powerstation profile survey method, use measuring accuracy be ± guest of 1mm obtains R-202NE total powerstation and settles the longitudinal direction of the bottom near the glass edge wall of side landform to carry out the measurement of higher degree to video capture, measure step-length to determine according to the Variation Features of actual landform and requirement of experiment, to more regular simple section experiment, wave effect less than bottom upper zone, measure interval get 14-16cm; Wave can affect but change mild, the simple section of form, measures interval and gets 9-11cm; The region that topography variation is more complicated, measures interval and gets 5 ~ 8cm.
9. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described total powerstation profile survey method, use measuring accuracy be ± guest of 1mm obtains R-202NE total powerstation and settles the longitudinal direction of the bottom near the glass edge wall of side landform to carry out the measurement of higher degree to video capture, measure step-length to determine according to the Variation Features of actual landform and requirement of experiment, to more regular simple section experiment, wave effect less than bottom upper zone, measure interval get 14-16cm; Wave can affect but change mild, the simple section of form, measures interval and gets 9-11cm; The region that topography variation is more complicated, measures interval and gets 5 ~ 8cm.
10. a kind of sediment of coastal engineerings physical experiments bottom dynamic comprehensive observation procedure according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described total powerstation profile survey method, in measurement details, the landform that cannot directly measure, R. concomitans levelling pole obtains these data; Total powerstation is when measuring, and laser beam and the minimum angle of horizontal direction are more than 3 °.
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