CN103644896B - A kind of engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning - Google Patents
A kind of engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning Download PDFInfo
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- CN103644896B CN103644896B CN201310746175.2A CN201310746175A CN103644896B CN 103644896 B CN103644896 B CN 103644896B CN 201310746175 A CN201310746175 A CN 201310746175A CN 103644896 B CN103644896 B CN 103644896B
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- geological
- geologic
- multimedia message
- geologic feature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/02—Picture taking arrangements specially adapted for photogrammetry or photographic surveying, e.g. controlling overlapping of pictures
- G01C11/025—Picture taking arrangements specially adapted for photogrammetry or photographic surveying, e.g. controlling overlapping of pictures by scanning the object
Abstract
The present invention relates to geological mapping technology, it discloses a kind of engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning, solve the inefficiency in traditional geology mapping process, the measurement scheme of geologic body locus existed, the defect that precision is low, later stage work amount is large.The method comprises: a. 3 D laser scanning obtains cloud data and the true multimedia message of geological object; B. by cloud data and geological object true multimedia message input computing machine, the three-dimensional geological model containing true multimedia message is set up; C. base area plastid feature on three-dimensional geological model, describes geologic feature point, geologic feature line, geologic feature face, and calculates geologic body attribute; D. the geologic feature point obtained, geologic feature line, geologic feature face and geologic body attribute are inputted management database; E. the systematic function of geological information typing, inquiry and geological map is completed according to the data in management database.The present invention is applicable to the mapping of engineering geology body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geological mapping technology, particularly a kind of engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning.
Background technology
Engineering geological mapping is a most basic most important surveying method in engineering geological investigation, it is utilization geology, the theory of engineering geology pair various geological phenomenons relevant with engineering construction are observed in detail and describe, to find out the inner link between space distribution and each key element drafting engineering geological condition in building area, and according to accuracy requirement, they are reflected on the topomap of certain proportion chi faithfully, coordinate the acquired data such as engineer geological prospecting, test to be compiled into engineering geological map.
Engineering geological mapping and construction geology are edited and recorded work on the spot and are mainly contained two parts work, and namely the measurement of geologic body locus and the specialty of geologic body geological characteristics describe.Wherein the specialty of geologic body geological characteristics describes the professional knowledge and the field observation that depend on geological personnel, within relatively long a period of time, is difficult to be replaced by equipment or other technology; The measurement of geologic body locus then can constantly progress along with the renewal of measuring technique, and existing metering system has two kinds:
One, the coordinate of total powerstation determination controlling is utilized, then utilize tape measure, compass measures geological object, this is a kind of more traditional also comparatively conventional measuring method, and which measures inefficiency, measuring accuracy is low, and needing staff to work under excavation face, hazard level is high;
Two, photogrammetric: by high-quality video camera, coordinate GPS or total powerstation, obtain object digital photograph, utilize computing machine to process digitized video, complete the automatic extraction of image geometry and physical message by computer vision (its core is Image Matching and image identification); Due to which and non-immediate obtains geological object coordinate, but calculated by geometry and utilize two-dimensional numerals image inverse geological object volume coordinate, therefore measuring accuracy is poor; And special pick-up unit is also needed to the determination of the parameter of camera, also higher to the requirement of on-the-spot light condition, the later stage to the splicing of image and correct workload large.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: propose a kind of engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning, solves the inefficiency existed for the measurement scheme of geologic body locus in traditional geology mapping process, the defect that precision is low, later stage work amount is large.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted scheme: a kind of engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning, comprises the following steps:
A. 3 D laser scanning obtains cloud data and the true multimedia message of geological object;
B. by cloud data and geological object true multimedia message input computing machine, the three-dimensional geological model containing true multimedia message is set up;
C. base area plastid feature on three-dimensional geological model, describes geologic feature point, geologic feature line, geologic feature face, and calculates geologic body attribute;
D. the geologic feature point obtained, geologic feature line, geologic feature face and geologic body attribute are inputted management database;
E. the systematic function of geological information typing, inquiry and geological map is completed according to the data in management database.
Concrete, step a specifically comprises:
A1. select respective scanned instrument according to sweep object: the ground open in place or side slope adopt tomography scan formula scanner, adopt panorama type scanner in the side slope of cavern or narrow terrain;
A2. according to the installation site of the topographic condition determination scanner at sweep object place;
A3. in each station scans one amplitude point cloud;
A4. scanner built-in camera is utilized to obtain the true multimedia message of geological object.
Further, step a3 also comprises:
Have overlap between the some cloud of adjacent sites, and lap is more than 30% of single amplitude point cloud area.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize three-dimensional laser scanning technique, directly obtain the high-precision coordinate point cloud of geological object magnanimity, precision is high, and speed is fast, and later stage work amount is little.
Embodiment
The present invention is intended to propose a kind of engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning, solves the inefficiency existed for the measurement scheme of geologic body locus in traditional geology mapping process, the defect that precision is low, later stage work amount is large.3 D laser scanning described in the present invention refers to: utilize three-dimensional laser scanner rapid scanning testee, does not need reflecting prism directly can obtain high-precision scanning cloud data, carries out three-dimensional modeling and virtual reproduction efficiently to real world.
On concrete enforcement, the engineering geological mapping method based on 3 D laser scanning in the present invention comprises the following steps:
1,3 D laser scanning step:
A, first according to sweep object determination scan pattern, the ground open in place or side slope adopt tomography scan formula scanner, adopt panorama type scanner in the side slope of cavern or narrow terrain.
B, according to topographic condition determination scanner machine location.
C, in each station scans one amplitude point cloud, between the some cloud of adjacent sites, lap should be more than 30% of single amplitude point cloud, if reduce lap, should arrange and be no less than 3 reference mark in every width sweep limit.
D, utilize scanner built-in camera to obtain geological object true multimedia message, if utilize external camera, then need to utilize a some cloud common point to mate.
2, the step of three-dimensional very color model foundation:
By cloud data and true multimedia message input computing machine, set up the geologic three-dimensional model containing true multimedia message.
3, the step of geologic body geological information acquisition:
By geology personnel plastid feature in base area on three-dimensional model, describe geologic feature point, geologic feature line, geologic feature face, and utilize the plug-in unit of independent research on mapping software Polyworks calculate geologic body " occurrence ", " connected ratio " and etc. geologic body attribute.
4, the step of geological object database is set up:
By the geologic feature point of geology personnel decipher, geologic feature line, geologic feature face and other geologic body attribute input management database.
5, the applying step of geological information:
Utilize the data of database storage to complete geological information typing, inquiry and geological map to generate.
Relative in conventional art to the metering system of geologic body, the present invention possesses following advantage:
1. precision is high:
The cloud data that laser scanner obtains, its single point precision generally can reach mm ~ cm class precision, its precision is far above tape measure, though 3-D scanning technology also cannot compared with total powerstation on single point precision, but total station survey dot density is little, measurement between point completes by tape measure or matching, and therefore from whole model, this programme precision is higher; Measurement this programme for occurrence obtains by carrying out overall calculation to the some cloud of structural plane, and its representativeness measures higher than the single-point of compass.
2. speed is fast:
The mode of laser scanning can obtain the spatial information of large area target fast, and edit and record for construction, speedily carry out rescue work etc. needs the surveying work completed fast to be even more important; In addition for traditional geological mapping mode, a large amount of works on the spot transfers indoor to, and is completed by area of computer aided, and overall work efficiency improves further.
3. noncontacting measurement:
Due to the metering system that laser scanning is non-prism, so do not need to contact measured target, the three-dimensional information of impact point can be determined fast, solve the measurement of risk object, the measurement of contact target and personnel should not cannot reach the problems such as the measurement of target.
4. penetrability:
The wavelength of laser beam can be changed, laser can penetrate some special material, such as water, glass and sparse vegetation etc., like this can through glass, penetrate the water surface, scan through vegetation, this is that traditional total powerstation adds tape measure or photogrammetricly cannot to complete.
5. initiative:
Laser scanner initiatively transmitting illuminant, does not need extraneous light, the light after reflection that receiver is gone out by detection its own transmission, and like this, scanning is not subject to the restriction in light and space, the problem of decipher weak effect when solving photogrammetric insufficient light.
6. total digitalization:
Not only " some cloud " figure that spatial digitizer obtains comprises the three-dimensional coordinate of collection point and the digital document of color attribute, does not need photogrammetric later stage matching and correlation, quick but also be convenient to be transplanted to other system process and use.
Claims (1)
1., based on an engineering geological mapping method for 3 D laser scanning, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A. 3 D laser scanning obtains cloud data and the true multimedia message of geological object;
B. by cloud data and geological object true multimedia message input computing machine, the three-dimensional geological model containing true multimedia message is set up;
C. base area plastid feature on three-dimensional geological model, describes geologic feature point, geologic feature line, geologic feature face, and calculates geologic body attribute;
D. the geologic feature point obtained, geologic feature line, geologic feature face and geologic body attribute are inputted management database;
E. the systematic function of geological information typing, inquiry and geological map is completed according to the data in management database;
Step a specifically comprises:
A1. select respective scanned instrument according to sweep object: the ground open in place or side slope adopt tomography scan formula scanner, adopt panorama type scanner in the side slope of cavern or narrow terrain;
A2. according to the installation site of the topographic condition determination scanner at sweep object place;
A3. in each station scans one amplitude point cloud; Have overlap between the some cloud of adjacent sites, and lap is more than 30% of single amplitude point cloud area, if reduce lap, should arranges in every width sweep limit and be no less than 3 reference mark;
A4. scanner built-in camera is utilized to obtain the true multimedia message of geological object.
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| CN104729464B (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2017-02-01 | 河南理工大学 | Flattish form subarea scanning method based on three-dimensional laser scanner |
| CN104391340A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Hydropower environment side slope dangerous rock body geologic detection method |
| CN104482922A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Structural plane measuring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
| CN106123845A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-11-16 | 国家测绘地理信息局第六地形测量队 | Slope displacement monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
| CN105571571B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-11-17 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Accumulation section spatial structural form analysis method based on 3 D laser scanning |
| CN106052647A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-10-26 | 华广发 | A compass positioning technique for overlooking 360 degrees' full view and twenty four mountains |
| CN106052553A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-26 | 中交第公路工程局有限公司 | Civil engineering temporary works design optimization method and device based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
| CN106247936B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏省工程勘测研究院有限责任公司 | Earth clearance object research method and investigating system based on 3 D laser scanning |
| CN106289196B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-09-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slumped mass geological hazard body monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
| CN106500674B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-12-07 | 河南城建学院 | A kind of mapping method based on municipal works |
| CN108984908B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-09-21 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method for assisting civil air defense cavern transformation by utilizing BIM technology |
| CN109556569B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2021-01-29 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | Topographic map surveying and mapping method and device |
| CN112347901A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-09 | 长江岩土工程总公司（武汉） | Rock mass analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology |
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| EP2120009B1 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2016-09-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Measuring device and measuring method |
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Address after: The North Qingyang District of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, No. 610072 Applicant after: Co., Ltd of Chengdu survey and design academy of electricity Jian group of China Address before: The North Qingyang District of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, No. 610072 Applicant before: Chengdu Hydroelectric Investigation & Design Institute of SPC |
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