CN100570274C - The building tear detection method - Google Patents
The building tear detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100570274C CN100570274C CNB2008100177468A CN200810017746A CN100570274C CN 100570274 C CN100570274 C CN 100570274C CN B2008100177468 A CNB2008100177468 A CN B2008100177468A CN 200810017746 A CN200810017746 A CN 200810017746A CN 100570274 C CN100570274 C CN 100570274C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of building tear detection method, adopted two different imaging devices of enlargement factor that tested surface is observed, when system of the present invention uses, two imaging devices are aimed at measured target, because operating distance is a fixed range, front and back Adjustment System Holder Fasteners arrives Survey Software by optical lens with target imaging, carries out simultaneous observation on the Survey Software interface; Wherein the less imaging device of enlargement factor is observed on a large scale, select surperficial defective zone, adopt the bigger imaging device of enlargement factor to carry out details observation then, directly imaging is carried out survey measurements at the Survey Software interface by the engineer's scale of demarcating at last, finish detection gap size.The invention solves the technical matters that existing Crack Detection means can't effectively be measured, have the advantage that observation speed is fast, easy to detect, measuring accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crack detection method.
Background technology
Crack in the traffic construction engineering structure (as bridge, bridge pier and concrete precast block) is the important hidden danger of structure operate as normal, and is the technical barrier with ubiquity to the detection in crack.Existing Crack Detection means, as fracture width to guide, crack microscope, and the Digital photographic method can only realize accurately measuring to the crack that closely can observe, but the bridge that, pontic face shape complexity big for some spans, bridge are risen then can't effectively be measured.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provide a kind ofly can carry out accurately building tear, the building tear detection method of fast detecting, it has solved the technical matters that existing Crack Detection means can't effectively be measured.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of building tear detection method may further comprise the steps:
1] fixing imaging device:
Getting two imaging devices is placed on the same stationary platform G, make some position of optical axis intersection on its angle center line of two imaging devices, and this position is a setting value apart from the object distance L between the imaging device camera lens, these two imagings on the Survey Software interface are coincide, fix this two imaging devices then;
2] determine actual enlargement factor:
The demarcation thing that with two imaging devices to physical size is A carries out imaging setting object distance L place, on the Survey Software interface, directly carry out survey measurements at the imaging size A ' of this imaging device to demarcating thing, and A ' and A carried out matching and calibration, thereby realize calculating to enlargement factor β=A '/A;
3] imaging is carried out in tested crack:
During work, the image-forming information of two imaging devices is simultaneously displayed on the Survey Software interface by Survey Software, adjust the distance of stationary platform G, same tested crack simultaneously, clearly is imaged onto the spider line center at Survey Software interface until two imaging devices to tested crack;
4] calculating is measured in tested crack:
On the Survey Software interface, directly survey measurements is carried out at the imaging size A ' of this imaging device in tested crack, calculate crack physical size A, finish detection gap size by enlargement factor β.
When the enlargement factor of two imaging devices is identical, can carry out survey measurements to the crack imaging size A ' of any imaging device.
When the enlargement factor of two imaging devices not simultaneously, observe and select surperficial defective zone on a large scale with the less imaging device of enlargement factor earlier, be seamed into as size A ' with the bigger imaging device counterincision of enlargement factor then and carry out survey measurements.
This method also can repeatedly be measured A ' and calculate a plurality of enlargement factor β, and the mean value of getting repeatedly enlargement factor is enlargement factor.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, can measure fast the crack.Adopted two imaging devices simultaneously tested surface to be observed in the system of the present invention, the less imaging device of enlargement factor is observed on a large scale, select surperficial defective zone, adopt the bigger imaging device of enlargement factor to carry out details observation then, so but fast detecting arrives crack location, and record the width in crack immediately.
But 2 quantitative measurement fracture widths.The present invention utilizes a cover to carry out clear observation and the accurate detection system of measuring to the pontic surface appearance, handles by computer real-time, can obtain being observed the accurate measurement result of fracture width.
3, easy to detect.Only need the manual control detection system to required detection position, then, just can obtain the crack data, need not manually closely to detect near the crack by the definite crack that will detect of computing machine.
4, be widely used.The present invention is provided with the 3rd imaging device on stationary platform be camera, can be taken a picture in real time to the crack and stored by computer control, is convenient to stay shelves afterwards and analyzes.In addition, the present invention is provided with light fixture on stationary platform, the detection effect that also can obtain for the bad measured position of illumination condition.The present invention is provided with mechanical arm and is used to survey the artificial place that is difficult to arrival, the crack of the bridge bottom surface of for example detectable superelevation bridge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of building tear detection system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the crack target measurement synoptic diagram of building tear detection system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the work synoptic diagram of the building tear detection system of band mechanical arm of the present invention;
Wherein: D-two imaging device spaces, L-object distance, L '-image distance, α-pitch angle, F1-first imaging device, F2-second imaging device, A-crack physical size, A '-crack imaging size, F3-the 3rd imaging device, M-lighting device, J-mechanical arm, G-stationary platform.
Embodiment
The building tear detection method that the present invention proposes may further comprise the steps:
At first get two different imaging devices of enlargement factor and be fixed on the stationary platform, make some position of optical axis intersection on its angle center line of two imaging devices with certain included angle 2 α (pitch angle is α); If this position is that measured object is apart from L apart from the distance between the imaging device camera lens; When two imaging devices aim at same target simultaneously, and can be simultaneously clearly with target imaging in picture centre, then this moment, the aiming point position was the object distance L that is demarcated apart from the vertical range between the imaging device camera lens, L is a known quantity;
Directly the imaging size A ' to the demarcation thing of this imaging device carries out survey measurements on the Survey Software interface, and A ' and known A are carried out matching and calibration, thereby realization is to the calculating of enlargement factor β=A '/A; By repeated measurement, the mean value that calculates repeatedly enlargement factor reduces the measuring error of enlargement factor as the enlargement factor of demarcating;
During system works, the image-forming information of two imaging devices is presented on the Survey Software interface by Survey Software, adjust the distance of stationary platform,, finish demarcation the measurement object distance L of measurement target until clear being shown on the Survey Software interface of target of two imaging devices to the slit;
Then on the Survey Software interface, directly the crack imaging size A ' of the bigger imaging device of enlargement factor is measured with mouse, by the enlargement factor β=A '/A that demarcates, Survey Software can calculate crack physical size A in real time, thereby finishes the detection to gap size.
The building tear detection system that the present invention is proposed according to above-mentioned building tear detection method as shown in Figure 1, comprises stationary platform, first imaging device, second imaging device and computing machine; First imaging device and second imaging device are fixed on the stationary platform, some position of its optical axis intersection on its angle center line; Computing machine links to each other with second imaging device with first imaging device respectively.The enlargement factor of first imaging device and second imaging device can be identical also can be inequality.First imaging device and second imaging device can adopt CMOS picture pick-up device and CCD picture pick-up device.
Take a picture in real time for the ease of the scene, also can one the 3rd imaging device be set on the angle center line of first imaging device on the stationary platform and second imaging device, the 3rd imaging device can be a digital camera.
For can also operate as normal under the condition of illumination condition difference, a cover light fixture can be set on stationary platform also.
In order to survey the artificial place that is difficult to arrival, the crack of the bridge bottom surface of for example detectable superelevation bridge also can be stationary platform one cover mechanical arm is set.As shown in Figure 3.
The calibration process of the enlargement factor of imaging device is as follows in the building tear detection system of the present invention:
By triangle formula: L=(D/2)/tg α as can be known, at definite measured object under the L situation, can obtain the size of space D by two camera lenses and auxiliary lens system, thereby determine pitch angle α, consider used camera lens and the factors such as the total depth of field of detection system and whole detection system volume size that are complementary, pitch angle α is unsuitable excessive.As shown in Figure 2, the optical lens group of second imaging device is improved the target picture on the CCD reception target surface that is imaged onto second imaging device.Can get 1/L '-1/L=1/f ' by optics object-image relation Gauss formula, can obtain L ' determine measuring under object distance L and the known focal distance f ' situation, obtain theoretical enlargement factor β ' thus, directly the demarcation thing imaging size A ' to this imaging device carries out survey measurements on the Survey Software interface, and A ' and known A carried out matching and calibration, thereby realize demarcation, by testing the measuring error that reduces β repeatedly to actual enlargement factor β.
Course of work during building tear detection system of the present invention bridge bottom surface is detected:
Because of shape more complicated below the bridge, requiring at first has a searching identifying to target, as shown in Figure 1, system of the present invention adopts twin-lens observation to point mode, the placement that forms an angle of two camera lenses, optical axis intersection is some positions on measurement axis, and the first imaging device F1 is used to seek measured target, and the second imaging device F2 is used to measure measured target.When the imaging of two imaging devices that show in the Survey Software interface on the computer display is clear, show that the corresponding measured object of enlargement factor that imaging device is and demarcates to interstitial distance is apart from L.The enlargement factor β that the image-forming range of this moment and the proportionate relationship between the actual range are demarcation.After first imaging device is finished Target Recognition, adopt the second imaging device F2 that the target of required measurement is carried out pin-point reading and measure.As shown in Figure 2, the optical lens group of second imaging device looks like target to be imaged onto on the CCD reception target surface of second imaging device, measures image-forming range A ' by Survey Software, can extrapolate the size of A, i.e. A=A '/β.
The principle of the invention: adopted the different imaging device (CCD or CMOS) of two enlargement factors (lens focus) that tested surface is observed among the present invention, the less imaging device of enlargement factor is observed on a large scale, select surperficial defective zone, adopt the bigger imaging device of enlargement factor to carry out details observation then.So both improved observation speed, again can the quantitative measurment fracture width.
When this detection system is used, first imaging device and second imaging device are aimed at measured target, because operating distance is a fixed range, front and back Adjustment System Holder Fasteners, by optical lens with target imaging to ccd detector spare, carry out opto-electronic conversion by CCD again and import Survey Software into, on the Survey Software interface, carry out simultaneous observation.The system that this moment is considered as satisfies image imaging relations formula.Directly imaging is carried out survey measurements at the Survey Software interface by the engineer's scale of demarcating then, finish detection gap size.Thereby this detection system realizes the accurate measurement to target.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of building tear detection method is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1] fixing imaging device:
Getting two imaging devices is placed on the same stationary platform (G), make some position of optical axis intersection on its angle center line of two imaging devices, and this position is a setting value apart from the object distance (L) between the imaging device camera lens, these two imagings on the Survey Software interface are coincide, fix this two imaging devices then;
2] determine actual enlargement factor:
The demarcation thing that with two imaging devices to physical size is A locates to carry out imaging setting object distance (L), on the Survey Software interface, directly carry out survey measurements at the imaging size A ' of this imaging device to demarcating thing, and A ' and A carried out matching and calibration, thereby realize calculating to enlargement factor β=A '/A;
3] imaging is carried out in tested crack:
During work, the image-forming information of two imaging devices is simultaneously displayed on the Survey Software interface by Survey Software, adjust the distance of stationary platform (G), same tested crack simultaneously, clearly is imaged onto the spider line center at Survey Software interface until two imaging devices to tested crack;
4] calculating is measured in tested crack:
On the Survey Software interface, directly survey measurements is carried out at the imaging size A ' of this imaging device in tested crack, calculate crack physical size A, finish detection gap size by enlargement factor β.
2, building tear detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the enlargement factor of two imaging devices is identical, the crack imaging size A ' of any imaging device is carried out survey measurements.
3, building tear detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the enlargement factor of two imaging devices not simultaneously, earlier observe and select surperficial defective zone on a large scale, be seamed into as size A ' with the bigger imaging device counterincision of enlargement factor then and carry out survey measurements with the less imaging device of enlargement factor.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described building tear detection methods, it is characterized in that: repeatedly measure A ' and calculate a plurality of enlargement factor β, the mean value of getting repeatedly enlargement factor is enlargement factor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2008100177468A CN100570274C (en) | 2008-03-18 | 2008-03-18 | The building tear detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2008100177468A CN100570274C (en) | 2008-03-18 | 2008-03-18 | The building tear detection method |
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| CN101251366A CN101251366A (en) | 2008-08-27 |
| CN100570274C true CN100570274C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104990935A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-10-21 | 南阳理工学院 | Bridge and building health condition monitoring device |
| CN105157595A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-16 | 浙江中技建设工程检测有限公司 | Method and device for detecting deformation and defects of existing building |
| CN106225702A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-14 | 武汉科技大学 | Fracture width detection apparatus and method |
| CN107389697B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-08-30 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of crack detection method based on half interactive mode |
| CN107688029A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-13 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Appearance detecting method and device |
| CN107677678A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-09 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Appearance detecting method and device based on automatic path planning |
| CN110319763B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2021-04-06 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Measuring device and measuring method for crack form of reinforced concrete bridge |
| CN110319762B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2021-02-26 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Measuring device for crack form of concrete bridge and rectangular coordinate system measuring method |
| CN111122588B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-10-20 | 海宁溪聚科技发展有限公司 | Industrial building frost crack prevention detection method based on smart city |
| CN113108698B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-04-22 | 北京科技大学 | Gap width and depth measuring device and method |
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