CN104775446B

CN104775446B - Barrel pier for fixing water structure and installation and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN104775446B
Application number: CN201410018362.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄灿光
Original assignee: Guangdong Offshore Urban Construction Holdings Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Offshore Urban Construction Holdings Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2014-01-15
Filing date: 2014-01-15
Publication date: 2021-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2034-01-15
Also published as: SG11201605777XA; HK1212404A1; US20160340852A1; WO2015106679A1; PH12016501403A1; CN104775446A; EP3094788A1; EP3094788A4; JP2017503101A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for installing and constructing a cylinder pier for fixing an overwater structure, wherein the cylinder pier is a concrete prefabricated hollow cylinder pier and comprises the following steps: inserting at least four piles into the water bed in a body of water in which the above-water structure is to be installed to secure the fixing, such that at least a portion of each pile protrudes from the water bed, and fixing the support between the piles, respectively, such that the position therebetween is fixed; inserting a hollow cylinder block into the water until the bottom of the water, wherein the hollow cylinder block surrounds the pile and the pile provides a part of a supporting force for supporting the hollow cylinder block; pouring water-stopping concrete into the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier through a pipeline, so that a water-stopping concrete layer is formed between the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier and the water bottom; evacuating accumulated water in the hollow cylinder pier to serve as a temporary cofferdam; cutting off the pile at the position where the bearing platform is to be formed, exposing a preset steel bar at the broken pile head, and overlapping the bearing platform steel bar at the steel bar; and pouring the bearing platform concrete until the bearing platform steel bars are submerged, thereby forming the bearing platform for supporting the hollow cylinder pier.

Description

Barrel pier for fixing water structure and installation and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hollow cylinder pier for fixing an offshore structure, in particular to an offshore structure, an offshore building, an offshore fan, an offshore bridge and other offshore platforms and an installation and construction method thereof, which avoid the use of a temporary cofferdam to construct a bearing platform, greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the offshore platform, and simultaneously improve the safety of operators in the hollow cylinder pier serving as the temporary cofferdam.

Background

In the process of developing water resources, particularly ocean resources, it is necessary to construct water structures, such as offshore wind energy, ocean energy, maritime cities, and the like, depending on bases. The base may be a floating base or a base fixed to the water bottom or sea bed. The floating base is not easy to anchor under the condition that the water depth near the shore is not more than 50 meters, and once the anchor chain is broken, the base can float without destination, which is dangerous for other offshore users. The shore-approaching supporting base is preferably a fixed base.

The coastal waters are mostly provided with deposited soft soil layers with different thicknesses. The prior application entitled "supporting offshore wind turbine, bridge, and marine building buoyancy supporting fixed platform" of the applicant's application No. 201210034805.9 and the prior application entitled "offshore wind turbine, bridge, and marine building local buoyancy marine platform and construction method" of the applicant's application No. 201210104898.8 are mainly directed to a sea area where soft soil layers are shallow and where soft soil layers can be excavated, and are preferably applicable to a sea area where soft soil layers are thin and bedrock is shallow.

Known ocean platforms comprise a support structure consisting of one or more cylinder piers and a platform part consisting of a beam-slab system. The pile cap is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder pier and is supported by the pile foundation. The bearing platform is located on the seabed, and the pouring of the bearing platform is usually completed by adopting a temporary steel cofferdam. The adoption of the temporary cofferdam installation construction method is time-consuming and labor-consuming. If an installation construction method avoiding the use of temporary cofferdams can be adopted to construct the ocean platform, particularly the cylinder piers, the construction cost can be reduced and the construction efficiency can be improved.

In addition, if proper measures can be found to realize the prefabricated members on land and then the prefabricated members are assembled on water or on the sea, the relevant water structures or ocean platforms can be manufactured in a modularized, factory and large scale, and the feasibility of safely and quickly constructing the structures is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a cylinder pier for fixing an offshore structure and an installation and construction method thereof for a soft soil water area, particularly for an offshore soft soil seabed, so that a construction step of constructing a bearing platform for the cylinder pier through a temporary cofferdam can be omitted, the construction cost is significantly reduced, and the construction efficiency of the cylinder pier and thus the whole platform is improved. In addition, underwater operation is not needed, the risk of underwater construction is reduced, and the construction quality and the construction safety of the bearing platform are improved.

Therefore, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of installing and constructing a cylinder pier for fixing an aquatic structure, wherein the cylinder pier is a concrete precast hollow cylinder pier, the method comprising:

inserting at least four piles into the water bed in a body of water in which the above-water structure is to be installed to secure the fixing, such that at least a portion of each pile protrudes from the water bed, fixing the support between the piles, respectively, such that the position therebetween is fixed;

inserting a hollow cylinder block into the water to the bottom, wherein the hollow cylinder block surrounds the pile and the pile provides a part of a supporting force for supporting the hollow cylinder block;

pouring water-stopping concrete into the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier through a pipeline, so that a water-stopping concrete layer is formed between the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier and the water bottom;

evacuating accumulated water in the hollow cylindrical pier to serve as a temporary cofferdam;

cutting off the pile at the position where the bearing platform is to be formed, exposing a preset steel bar at the broken pile head, and overlapping the bearing platform steel bar at the steel bar; and is

And pouring the bearing platform concrete until the bearing platform steel bars are submerged, thereby forming the bearing platform for supporting the hollow cylinder pier.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides a mounting construction method of the cylinder pier for fixing the offshore platform, wherein the cylinder pier is a concrete prefabricated hollow cylinder pier, and the method comprises the following steps:

inserting at least four piles into the seabed in a sea area where the offshore platform is scheduled to be installed to secure the fixing so that at least a portion of each pile protrudes from the seabed, respectively fixing the support between the piles such that the position therebetween is fixed;

inserting a hollow cylinder block into the sea up to the sea bottom, wherein the hollow cylinder block surrounds the pile and the pile provides a part of a supporting force for temporarily supporting the hollow cylinder block;

pouring water-stopping concrete into the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier through a high-pressure pipeline, so that a water-stopping concrete layer is formed between the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier and the seabed;

By adopting the technical means, the hollow cylinder pier can be used as a temporary cofferdam, the adoption of a steel temporary cofferdam in the prior art is omitted, the installation and construction cost is obviously saved, and the construction safety of operators is also improved.

Preferably, the pile is a steel cylinder, and concrete can be preferentially poured into the steel cylinder below the bearing platform to form the reinforced concrete cast-in-place pile.

Preferably, the pile supports the hollow cylinder block, in particular supports provided on the hollow cylinder block, via height-adjustable support devices mounted at the ends of the pile. Before the water-stopping concrete is poured to the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier, the support tool is used for finely adjusting the levelness and/or the verticality of the hollow cylinder pier.

Preferably, before the water-stopping concrete is poured into the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier, the gap between the hollow cylinder pier and the water bottom or the sea bottom is checked, and if the gap is too large, the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier is filled with crushed gravel.

According to the technical means of the invention, the water-stopping concrete layer does not only realize the water-stopping function as the prior art, but also can provide partial supporting function. For this purpose, it is preferable that a steel bar structure is preset at the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier, the steel bar structure is not in contact with the pile during installation and construction, and after the water-stopping concrete is poured, the water-stopping concrete layer is formed together with the steel bar structure.

Preferably, at least a part of the watertight concrete layer radially protrudes from the bottom outer surface of the hollow cylindrical pier.

In order to improve the firmness between the pile and the waterproof concrete layer, preferably, a contact surface increasing structure is arranged on the periphery of the position, where the waterproof concrete layer and/or the bearing platform are expected to be formed, of the pile so as to increase the contact area between the pile and the waterproof concrete layer and/or the bearing platform.

Preferably, the contact surface increasing structure of the pile is a plurality of barb structures distributed on the periphery of the pile.

Preferably, a supporting skirt is installed on the bottom of the hollow cylinder block inserted into the water bottom or the sea bottom, for preventing settlement and increasing the firmness of the hollow cylinder block at the water bottom or the sea bottom and maintaining the contact between the skirt and the sea bottom.

Preferably, the supporting skirt includes an overhanging portion for being fixed on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier via bolts; a dam portion extending substantially perpendicularly from an outer diameter edge of the overhang portion; and a plurality of ribs extending between the containment portion and an inner diameter of the overhang portion.

Preferably, the supporting skirt comprises an overhang portion protruding radially outward for fixing on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier via bolts; and a plurality of tooth-shaped portions evenly distributed in a circumferential direction, the tooth-shaped portions extending toward an insertion direction of the hollow cylindrical pier.

Preferably, the supporting skirt comprises a plurality of L-shaped supporting steel sheets uniformly distributed along the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier, each supporting steel sheet comprising a fixing portion for bolt fixing and a supporting portion substantially perpendicular to the fixing portion.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a hollow cylinder pier for fixing an offshore structure or an offshore platform, which is installed and constructed by the above method, the hollow cylinder pier comprising:

a plurality of piles inserted into the water bottom or sea floor up to the bearing stratum, said piles being surrounded by said hollow cylindrical piers;

the water-stopping reinforced concrete layer is positioned at the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier; and

and a reinforced concrete bearing platform formed by using the hollow cylindrical pier as a temporary cofferdam, wherein the bearing platform is used for supporting the hollow cylindrical pier.

Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of installing and constructing a water structure or an ocean platform, wherein the water structure or the ocean platform comprises a support structure consisting of one or more hollow cylindrical piers and a platform part consisting of a beam slab system, the method comprising:

installing the hollow cylinder pier in place by the method; and

the installation of the platform section continues on the hollow cylindrical pier.

By adopting the technical scheme, the construction of a temporary cofferdam can be omitted when the overwater structure or the fixed barrel pier of the ocean platform is constructed in the installation and construction process, so that the construction cost is greatly saved; meanwhile, the concrete hollow cylindrical pier serves as a temporary cofferdam, and the safety of construction of operators in the concrete hollow cylindrical pier is also improved. In addition, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the water-stopping concrete layer is not formed by plain concrete as in the prior art, but is formed into the water-stopping concrete layer of a reinforced concrete structure, and can provide a water-stopping function and simultaneously can bear a part of supporting function. Meanwhile, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the supporting apron board is adopted at the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier, so that the possible settlement of the hollow cylinder pier can be further prevented, and the stability is improved. Moreover, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the pile is provided with a structure which can increase the contact surface with the waterproof concrete layer, so that the firmness of the pile is further ensured.

Drawings

The foregoing and other aspects of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description, taken together with the following drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 schematically illustrates an installation work of a hollow cylinder pier according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a further schematic view illustrating the installation work of the hollow cylinder pier shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 schematically shows an enlarged cross-sectional view taken in the direction F-F of one of the hollow cylindrical piers shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 schematically shows an enlarged cross-sectional view taken in the direction of G-G of one of the hollow cylindrical piers shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the formation of a cap for a hollow cylinder pier according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6A schematically illustrates a barb structure on a steel cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6B schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the steel cylinder as shown in FIG. 6A, as seen in the direction of H-H;

FIG. 6C is a schematic enlarged view of a portion of the barb structure on the steel cylinder shown in FIG. 6A; and is

Figures 7A, 7B, 8 and 9 respectively schematically illustrate supporting skirts according to the invention relating to three different soft soil seabed.

Detailed Description

In the various figures of the present application, features that are structurally identical or functionally similar are denoted by the same reference numerals.

By way of example only, fig. 1, 2 and 5 illustrate schematically and without limitation a method for installing and constructing a marine pier for fixing an above-water structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, where the above-water structure may be an above-water structure such as a lake or an offshore platform such as an offshore wind turbine or an offshore bridge. The cylinder pier discussed by the invention is a reinforced concrete prefabricated hollow cylinder pier with the diameter of about 8-10 meters or more, and the technical scheme of the invention is particularly suitable for being adopted in the water area of the soft soil foundation bottom or seabed or offshore sea area.

In the description of fig. 1, 2 and 5, only an offshore sea area is illustrated as an example, but it is clear to the skilled person that the corresponding technical teaching can equally be applied to any possible water area. In addition, it should be noted that the construction mentioned in the present invention can be performed by any suitable marine construction vessel existing in the field, and therefore, the description of the specific related construction method will be omitted in the specification.

First, at a construction sea location where hollow cylinder piers are to be used, the steel cylinders 49 are vibro-inserted into the seabed 2 using vibration equipment known in the art. Depending on the inner diameter of each prefabricated hollow cylinder pier, for example, four or more steel cylinders 49 are arranged so that they are located within the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder pier to be installed. The steel cylinder 49 is driven into the seabed 2 to a suitable depth, for example up to a suitable bearing level. The steel cylinders 49 may be driven vertically or obliquely as long as their portions exposed to the seabed 2 allow the hollow cylinder piers to be installed without hindrance to be easily nested into them.

After the steel cylinders 49 are inserted into the seabed and fixed in place, two of them may be fixed by the brackets 119, for example, the brackets 119 and the steel cylinders 49 may be connected by bolts or other suitable connection methods such as welding. For example, the bracket 119 may take the shape of a triangle as shown, although any other shape is possible.

A height-adjustable support tool 113 is arranged at the end of each steel cylinder 49 exposed to the water surface 1 and is used for bearing a hollow cylinder pier to be installed next. For example, such a height-adjustable support tool 113 may be implemented by pressing the steel cylinder 49 to a suitable depth of the seabed 2 on site, cutting the end exposed to the water surface accordingly, welding a thick steel plate, and then installing a jack on the thick steel plate.

Taking the example of four steel cylinders 49 per hollow cylinder pier, after the four steel cylinders 49 are all fixed in place, the hollow cylinder pier 108 prefabricated on land is vertically inserted into the sea using a pontoon or installation vessel, while the inner wall of the hollow cylinder pier 108 surrounds the four steel cylinders 49 without contacting them. For a soft seabed, a portion of the pier 108 as shown in fig. 1 would be inserted directly into the seabed 2.

As shown in fig. 3, a cross-shaped support beam 112 is provided near the end of the hollow cylinder pier 108 exposed to the water. For example, the cross-shaped support beams 112 may be steel beams, and may be fixed to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder pier 108 by any suitable fixing means such as bolts or welding. In the above process of installing the hollow cylinder pier 108, the cross-shaped supporting beam 112 can be seated on the support tool 113, so that the levelness and the verticality of the hollow cylinder pier 108 relative to the sea level 1 can be finely adjusted to a proper degree through the fine adjustment of the lifting of the support tool 113.

Thereafter, it is possible to check whether there is a gap between the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier 108 and the seabed 2 by means of the underwater monitoring device. If there are voids, the hollow cylinder block 108 may be filled with an appropriate amount of sand from above and below. In the case where no or no small voids are found by inspection of the underwater monitoring equipment, the water-stopping concrete layer 43 is formed by injecting concrete into the underwater bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier 108 using a pipe, as shown in fig. 1. A part of the outer periphery of the water stopping concrete layer 43 is diffused radially outward by the gravity.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, embedded steel bars 45 may be provided on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder pier 108 near the end inserted into the water bottom, so that the waterproof concrete layer is changed from a conventional plain concrete layer to a reinforced concrete layer, and functions to provide a part of support for the hollow cylinder pier 108 in addition to the waterproof function. After the water-stopping concrete layer 43 is solidified, the steel cylinder 49 and the water-stopping concrete are fixedly connected, so that a part of the force for supporting the hollow cylinder pier 108 is provided.

So far, the accumulated water in the hollow cylinder pier 108 can be pumped out by a pumping device, and the hollow cylinder pier 108 simultaneously serves as a temporary cofferdam.

The worker then enters the interior of the hollow cylinder pier 108, cuts off the exposed portion of the self-sealing concrete layer 41 of the steel cylinder 49 in a dry working environment, breaks the pile head, and exposes the predetermined overlap steel. The cutting location is approximately where the platform is to be formed. Then, as shown in fig. 2, the worker puts the lap bars 47 on the embedded sleeves at appropriate positions on the bottom inner wall of the cylinder pier 108 while binding the cap bars. Thereafter, concrete is poured from above the hollow cylinder pier 108 through the pipe to the position of the submerged reinforcing bars 47, and the bearing platform 44 is formed after the concrete is solidified, as shown in fig. 5.

According to the above technical means of the present invention, after the platform 44 is formed, the installation vessel of the cylinder pier can be removed, and thereafter the cylinder pier 108 can be independently erected on the sea surface, thereby preparing for the subsequent platform construction work provided thereon. Alternatively, the installation vessel can be removed and the installation of the platform section of the offshore platform consisting of the girder system can be continued by using the predetermined reinforcement 111 of the hollow cylinder pier 108 by using known techniques.

In the above embodiment, the steel cylinder 49 can be poured with concrete preferentially at the lower section below the bearing platform 44 to form the reinforced concrete cast-in-place pile.

Alternatively, in the solution of the invention, the hollow cylinder block 108 mentioned above can also be a hollow cylinder block segment prefabricated in the factory. The shear key structure is preset on the matching end part of each hollow cylinder pier segment and is used for connection between the hollow cylinder pier segments. The entire pier can be assembled into a whole by segments on a pontoon or a mounting vessel and then lowered into the water, and the subsequent mounting process is the same as described above.

In order to improve the contact surface between the steel cylinder 49 and the cap 44 to increase the connection strength, as shown in fig. 6A to 6C, a plurality of barb structures 49B are integrally formed on the outer surface of the steel cylinder 49 at positions where the cap concrete is to be poured, for example, at the region 49A. For example, the barb structures 49B may be evenly spaced on the outer surface of the section 49A of the steel cylinder 49.

The barb structure 49B is triangular with a minimum acute angle pointing in the direction of insertion of the steel cylinder 49 into the sea floor so as not to create excessive resistance during insertion of the steel cylinder 49 into the sea floor, and the barb structure 49B is shaped to help prevent concrete attached thereto from moving downwardly in the direction of gravity, thereby further improving the support provided by the support deck 44 for the hollow cylinder pier 108 as compared to a steel cylinder without such a barb structure. It should be understood that the shape of the barb structure 49B is not limited to the shape shown in fig. 6, and any contact surface increasing structure that can increase the contact area with the cap concrete without generating excessive resistance to the insertion of the steel cylinder may be employed on the outer surface of the steel cylinder 49. For example, alternatively, the steel cylinder 49 may be integrally provided with a plurality of spaced radially outwardly projecting flanges in the region 49A thereof to increase the contact area of the cap concrete therewith. It will be appreciated that the region 49A provided with such a contact surface increasing structure may be provided on the steel cylinder 49 within a range of contact with the cap and/or the water-stopping concrete layer.

The technical scheme of the invention is mainly applied and implemented aiming at the seabed of soft soil geology. Generally, the seabed of such soft soil geology is divided into three categories: 1) the seabed is a soft soil layer, e.g. mainly containing silt; 2) The seabed is a layer of sand, for example comprising mainly sand; and 3) the seabed is a relatively hard regolith, e.g. containing predominantly regolith. In order to ensure that the hollow cylinder pier 108 can be more firmly fixed on the three types of soft soil seabed, the invention designs different supporting skirts respectively aiming at different soft soil seabed.

Fig. 7A and 7B schematically show a supporting skirt 124 according to the invention for a predominantly silt soft soil seabed. Fig. 7A is a bottom view of the supporting skirt 124 mounted on the hollow cylinder pier 108. As can be seen in fig. 7A, the supporting skirt 124 is generally circular in shape and has an inner diameter that is the same as the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder pier 108. The supporting skirt 124 includes an overhang 121. The overhang 121 extends radially outward from the inner diameter a distance beyond the outer surface of the hollow cylinder block 108. And a dam portion 122 extending substantially perpendicularly from an outer diameter edge of the overhang portion 121. To enhance support, a plurality of evenly distributed ribs 123 integrally extend on the overhanging portion 121 between the apron portion 122 and the inner diameter of the overhanging portion 121. The supporting skirt 124 may be integrally formed from any suitable metal such as steel.

For example, the supporting skirt panels 124 may be prefabricated in advance at a factory and then fixedly installed on the end surface of the end portion of the hollow cylindrical pier 108 to be inserted into the sea floor via prefabricated bolts at an installation site, as shown in fig. 7B. In this way, after the hollow cylinder pier 108 is inserted into the seabed as described with reference to fig. 7A and 7B, the amount of possible subsidence is reduced since the supporting skirt increases the contact area with the sludge. In addition, when the water-stopping concrete is poured, the contact area of the water-stopping concrete and the concrete is increased, and the firmness of the cylinder pier on the seabed is further enhanced.

Figure 8 shows schematically another supporting skirt according to the invention for a soft soil seabed dominated by sand. The supporting skirt is also generally circular in shape and has an internal diameter substantially the same as the internal diameter of the hollow cylinder block 108. The supporting skirt comprises an overhanging portion 141 projecting radially outwards and a plurality of toothed portions 142 distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction, wherein the tip of each toothed portion 142 faces in the direction of insertion of the hollow cylindrical pier 108 into the seabed. Furthermore, each tooth portion 142 is located inwardly of the outer edge of the overhang portion 141, preferably near the inner edge of the ring. The supporting skirt may be integrally formed from any suitable metal such as steel. Also, the supporting skirt may be fixedly installed on the end surface of the end of the hollow cylindrical pier 108 to be inserted into the sea floor via fabricated bolts at the installation site. In this way, even if the overhanging portion 141 is lifted up during the insertion of the hollow cylinder block 108 into the sandstone seabed, the toothed portion 142 can ensure a more secure penetration into the seabed. In the illustrated embodiment, each toothed portion 142 is triangular in shape, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any other suitable shape may be employed in the toothed portion of the supporting skirt of the present invention, such as a semi-circular or semi-elliptical tooth, etc. When the supporting skirtboard is adopted for pouring the water-stopping concrete, the contact area between the skirtboard and the concrete is increased, and the firmness of the cylinder pier on the seabed is further enhanced.

Figure 9 schematically shows another supporting skirt according to the invention for a soft soil seabed dominated by weathered rock. The supporting skirting board is mainly composed of a plurality of supporting steel sheets 131, for example, 64 supporting steel sheets 131, aiming at the characteristic that weathered rock is hard. Each of the support steel pieces 131 is substantially L-shaped and includes a fixing portion for abutting an end face of the pier and a support portion substantially perpendicular to the fixing portion. As shown in fig. 9, these support steel pieces 131 are each independently and respectively fixedly mounted with their fixing portions on the end face of the end portion of the hollow cylindrical pier 108 to be inserted into the sea bottom via bolts at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. When mounted in place, the fixing portion of each support steel piece is cantilevered radially outward from the surface of the cylindrical pier, and the support portion extends toward the direction of insertion of the cylindrical pier. Thus, each supporting steel sheet can be bent correspondingly but independently according to the shape and height of the seabed at the position, the horizontal degree and the verticality of the cylinder pier can be maintained, and the supporting steel sheets can also be kept in contact with the seabed. When the water-stopping concrete is poured, the concrete cannot be lost due to excessive gaps because of no contact, and the action area of the water-stopping concrete layer is further increased.

Although the illustrated steel cylinder 49 or hollow cylinder pier 108 is generally circular in cross-section, it should be appreciated that any other suitable shape may be used. For example, the cross-section of the steel cylinder or even the hollow cylinder pier may also be triangular, rectangular, etc. in other shapes.

Usually the implementation of ocean platforms is realized by steel structures, so that the rust corrosion mainly occurs in the parts exposed to the sea surface. The concrete prefabricated hollow cylinder pier is adopted, can effectively resist the corrosion of seawater to the part exposed out of the sea surface, and effectively prolongs the service life of the cylinder pier. In addition, according to the hollow cylindrical pier for construction and installation, a bearing platform is prevented from being constructed by adopting a temporary cofferdam, the manufacturing cost of the ocean platform is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the safety of operators in the hollow cylindrical pier serving as the temporary cofferdam is improved. The solution of the invention therefore provides significant benefits both from the point of view of economic cost and from the point of view of personnel protection for the construction of relevant aquatic structures, in particular ocean platforms.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein in detail, they have been presented for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Various substitutions, alterations, and modifications may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mounting construction method of a cylindrical pier for fixing an aquatic structure, wherein the cylindrical pier is a concrete prefabricated hollow cylindrical pier, and the method comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pile is a steel cylinder.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the steel cylinder is internally pre-grouted with concrete at a section below a bearing platform to form a reinforced concrete cast-in-place pile.

4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pile supports the hollow cylinder pier via height adjustable support fixtures mounted at its ends.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the pile supports a pre-set support on the hollow cylinder pier via a height adjustable support fixture mounted at its end.

6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the support tool is used to fine-tune the horizontality and/or verticality of the hollow cylinder pier before the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier is poured with the water-stopping concrete.

7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that before the bottom of the hollow cylinder block is poured with the water-stopping concrete, the gap between the hollow cylinder block and the water bottom is checked, and if the gap is too large, the bottom of the hollow cylinder block is filled with crushed sand.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a steel bar structure is pre-installed at the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier, the steel bar structure is installed without contacting the pile during construction, and after the water-stopping concrete is poured, the water-stopping concrete layer is formed together with the steel bar structure.

9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least a portion of the stagnant concrete layer protrudes radially from the bottom outer surface of the hollow cylindrical pier.

10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a contact surface enlarging structure is provided on the outer periphery of the pile at a position where the waterproof concrete layer and/or the cap are expected to be formed, so as to enlarge the contact area of the pile with the waterproof concrete layer and/or the cap.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the post contact surface increasing structure is a plurality of barb structures distributed about the periphery of the post.

12. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a supporting skirt is installed on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier inserted into the water bottom or the sea bottom for preventing settlement and increasing the firmness of the hollow cylindrical pier on the water bottom or the sea bottom.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the supporting skirt comprises an overhang portion for being secured on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier via bolts; a dam portion extending substantially perpendicularly from an outer diameter edge of the overhang portion; and a plurality of ribs extending between the containment portion and an inner diameter of the overhang portion.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the supporting skirt includes an overhang portion projecting radially outward for fixing on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier via bolts; and a plurality of tooth-shaped portions evenly distributed in a circumferential direction, the tooth-shaped portions extending toward an insertion direction of the hollow cylindrical pier.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the supporting skirt comprises a plurality of L-shaped supporting steel sheets evenly distributed along the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier, each supporting steel sheet comprising a fixing portion for bolt fixing and a supporting portion substantially perpendicular to the fixing portion.

16. A mounting construction method of a cylinder pier for fixing an offshore platform, wherein the cylinder pier is a concrete prefabricated hollow cylinder pier, and the method comprises the following steps:

pouring water-stopping concrete into the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier through a pipeline, so that a water-stopping concrete layer is formed between the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier and the seabed;

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the pile is a steel cylinder.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the steel cylinder is previously grouted with concrete at a section below the bearing platform to form a reinforced concrete grouted pile.

19. The method of any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the pile supports the hollow cylinder pier via a height adjustable support fixture mounted at its ends.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the pile supports a predetermined support on the hollow cylinder pier via a height adjustable support fixture mounted at its end.

21. The method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the support tool is used to fine-tune the horizontality and/or verticality of the hollow cylinder pier before the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier is poured with the water-stopping concrete.

22. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein before the bottom of the hollow cylinder block is poured with the water-stopping concrete, the gap between the hollow cylinder block and the water bottom or the sea bottom is checked, and if the gap is too large, the bottom of the hollow cylinder block is filled with crushed sand.

23. The method as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein a steel bar structure is pre-installed at the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier, the steel bar structure is installed without contacting the pile, and after the water-stopping concrete is poured, the water-stopping concrete layer is formed together with the steel bar structure.

24. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein at least a portion of the stagnant concrete layer protrudes radially from the bottom outer surface of the hollow cylindrical pier.

25. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein a contact surface increasing structure is provided on the outer periphery of the pile at a position where the waterproof concrete layer and/or the cap are expected to be formed, so as to increase the contact area of the pile with the waterproof concrete layer and/or the cap.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein the post contact surface increasing structure is a plurality of barb structures distributed about the periphery of the post.

27. The method as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein a supporting skirt is installed on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier inserted into the sea bottom for preventing settlement and increasing the firmness of the hollow cylindrical pier on the sea bottom.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein the supporting skirt includes an overhang portion for securing on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier via bolts; a dam portion extending substantially perpendicularly from an outer diameter edge of the overhang portion; and a plurality of ribs extending between the containment portion and an inner diameter of the overhang portion.

29. The method of claim 27 wherein the supporting skirt includes a radially outwardly projecting overhang portion for securing to the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier via bolts; and a plurality of tooth-shaped portions evenly distributed in a circumferential direction, the tooth-shaped portions extending toward an insertion direction of the hollow cylindrical pier.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein the supporting skirt comprises a plurality of L-shaped supporting steel sheets evenly distributed along the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier, each supporting steel sheet comprising a fixing portion for bolt fixing and a supporting portion substantially perpendicular to the fixing portion.

31. A hollow cylinder pier for fixing an aquatic structure installed and constructed by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, the hollow cylinder pier comprising:

a plurality of piles inserted into the water bottom up to the bearing layer, said piles being surrounded by said hollow cylindrical piers;

32. The hollow cylinder pier of claim 31, wherein the post is a steel cylinder.

33. The hollow cylinder pier according to claim 31 or 32, wherein at least a portion of the stagnant concrete layer protrudes radially from the bottom outer surface of the hollow cylinder pier.

34. The hollow cylindrical pier according to claim 31 or 32, wherein a contact surface enlarging structure is provided on the outer circumference of the portion of the pile contacting the water-stopping concrete layer and/or the cap to enlarge the contact area of the pile with the water-stopping concrete layer and/or the cap.

35. The hollow cylinder pier of claim 34, wherein the contact surface increasing structure of the pile is a plurality of barb structures distributed on the outer circumference of the pile.

36. The hollow cylinder pier of claim 31 or 32, wherein a supporting skirt is installed on the bottom of the hollow cylinder pier inserted into the water bottom for preventing settlement and increasing the firmness of the hollow cylinder pier at the water bottom and maintaining the contact between the skirt and the water bottom.

37. A hollow cylinder pier for ocean platform fixation constructed by the method of any one of claims 16 to 30, the hollow cylinder pier comprising:

a plurality of piles inserted into the sea floor up to the bearing stratum, said piles being surrounded by said hollow cylindrical piers;

38. The hollow cylinder pier of claim 37, wherein the post is a steel cylinder.

39. The hollow cylinder pier of claim 37 or 38, wherein at least a portion of the stagnant concrete layer protrudes radially from the bottom outer surface of the hollow cylinder pier.

40. The hollow cylindrical pier of claim 37 or 38, wherein a contact surface enlarging structure is provided on the outer circumference of the portion of the pile contacting the water-stopping concrete layer and/or the cap to enlarge the contact area of the pile with the water-stopping concrete layer and/or the cap.

41. The hollow cylindrical pier of claim 40, wherein the contact surface increasing structure of the pile is a plurality of barb structures distributed on the outer circumference of the pile.

42. The hollow cylindrical pier of claim 37 or 38, wherein a supporting skirt is installed on the bottom of the hollow cylindrical pier inserted into the sea floor to prevent settlement and increase the firmness of the hollow cylindrical pier on the sea floor and to maintain contact between the skirt and the sea floor.

43. A method of installing and constructing a marine structure comprising a support structure comprising one or more hollow cylindrical piers and a platform section comprising a beam and slab system, the method comprising:

installing the hollow cylinder pier in position using the method of any one of claims 1 to 15; and

44. A method of installing and constructing an offshore platform, wherein the offshore platform comprises a support structure comprising one or more hollow cylindrical piers and a platform section comprising a beam slab system, the method comprising:

installing the hollow cylinder pier in position using the method of any one of claims 6 to 30; and