CN104770170A - Pasture growing method for use in desert region - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pasture growing method for use in a desert region, and belongs to the technical field of desertification control. The method comprises the steps of land preparation, sowing and fertilization, and is suitable for a saline-alkaline desert region of which the altitude is 1,800-2,200 meters. After pretreatment of a selected land, different types of sowing and fertilization are performed gradually, and wind prevention, sand fixation and desert greening can be performed periodically, so that the ecological system of the desert region is improved effectively, stable transition of the desert region to a steppe region is realized, development of the planting industry and animal husbandry is promoted, the land resource utilization ratio can be increased, and the economical benefit of peasants is increased.

Description

A kind of Desert Area pasture planting method

Technical field

The invention belongs to desertification control technical field, relate to a kind of Desert Area pasture planting method particularly.

Background technology

China has become one of country being deeply subject to desertification harm the most serious in the world.Nearly all desertification is all from the degeneration of vegetational type, finally develops into the degeneration of whole desert ecosystem, and then reversal evolvement becomes the desertification in whole region.Arid, the semiarid Desert Regions of China are located in innerland, continent more, belong to typical continent type arid climate, soil development is faint, natural rainfall is few and potential evaporation amount is large, in district, eremophytes species are less and cover degree is low, whole ecological environment frailty and be subject to disturbance, the deserta group of serious degradation has been difficult to effectively rely on self succession to upgrade recovery rapidly, is necessary to carry out artificial grass plantation.Planting sown pasture in xerophytic flora can reduce soil wind erosion, desertification and sandstorm, culture fertility, increases peasant income, afforests and beautifies environment, improve the Desert Regions ecosystem comprehensively.

Affect sown pasture planting principal element and have the weather natural conditions such as temperature, moisture, soil.Wherein, temperature is the key factor of planting sown pasture success or failure, determines that can perennial grass safe overwintering; Next is precipitation, the area that annual precipitation is less than 300 millimeters, must have irrigation conditions ability planting sown pasture; Be finally edaphic factor, most of herbage has wider accommodation to soil, but on the soil such as saline land during planting sown pasture, then needs the grass seeds selecting to resist these disadvantage factors.In addition, due to adaptable herbage variety, often herbaceous stem is poor, and utilize and feed low conversion rate.Select high quality forage that is cold-resistant, drought-enduring and Salt And Alkali Tolerance, be process Forage Adaptability, strong stress resistance and herbaceous stem poor, utilize and the important means of contradiction of low conversion rate of feeding.Such as, patent of invention CN102696366A is artificial grassland establishment technology under disclosing a kind of xerophytic flora non-irrigated condition, this choice of technology area is large, physical features is more smooth old-field, nonirrigated farmland planting sown pasture of letting a piece of farmland go to waste, the wooden and gloomy lattice of Acker of the raw wheatgrass Tao Ke of high-quality drought that the grass family of sowing has the Wheatgrass of Agropyron or Kazakhstan to be bred as, Leymus racemosus, couchgrass; Pulse family is sainfoin, Xinjiang big Leaf alfalfa.Patent of invention CN101416587B discloses the method for a kind of semi-arid wind-sand area vegetation ecological and grass industry system reconstructing and maintenance, that a kind of employing has drought resisting, fixed nitrogen, cold-resistant, the perennial grass plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance characteristic with there is bonding fix the sand, moisture absorption is seeped water, conserve water and soil, the fertile husky multifunctional ecological film composite fertilizer supporting seedling and insulation growth promoting effect combines, synchronously build up the method for vegetation ecological and grass industry system, its multifunctional ecological film composite fertilizer be adopt the percentage by weight that prescinds be 70% ~ 80% organic wheat straw waste and 20% ~ 30% inorganic nitrogen phosphatization fertilizer be prepared from bronzing powder product, its herbage used is No. 3, grassland assorted flower leaflet clover, Gansu sainfoin, prairie milk vetch, vetch, husky raw wheatgrass.Patent of invention CN101790934B discloses a kind of method of improving plant planting desert, the method is by the liquid film of 140 ~ 170kg, the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 0.6 ~ 8kg, the ammonium molybdate of 0.01 ~ 0.2kg and this race nitragin of 0.4 ~ 5kg join in 800 ~ 1300kg water and stir, dissolve, the Leguminous grass seed adding 4 ~ 5Okg again stirs, sow on the sand ground of a hectare, seal taboo and herd 3 ~ 5 years, sow the gramineous forage grass seed of 7 ~ 30kg again, seal taboo and herd 2 ~ 3 years, releasing seals taboo and herds, herding intensity 5 ~ 10/year, to reach dynamic, the ecological balance of plant, both the improvement in desert had been completed.Patent of invention CN102701856B is open a kind of with coal production humic acid desertification treatment special fertilizer, utilize special fertilizer to improve the fertilizer conservation water retention capacity of arid area's soil, this special fertilizer contains uniconazole P, the paclobutrazol of 0.05 ~ 0.08 weight portion, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 10 ~ 25 weight portions, the humic acid reactant of 100 ~ 120 weight portions of 0.04 ~ 0.07 weight portion.Above prior art, integration degree, ability of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, ecological recovery time and the aspect such as situation, Forage Value have much room for improvement.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency existed for prior art, a kind of Desert Area pasture planting method is provided, utilize the method can reach the object of greening desert, the Desert Regions ecosystem of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, improve, land resources utilization rate can be improved, make Desert Regions to grassland region transition, drive the development of plant husbandry, livestock breeding, increase the economic benefit of peasant.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A kind of Desert Area pasture planting method, the step comprising wholely, sow, apply fertilizer.

Described wholely, it is the salt alkaline Desert Area selecting height above sea level 1800-2200m, in early April, plough once, degree of depth 40-50cm, the adjustment solution configured by weight by natural pond liquid, calcium chloride, SODLUM FULVATE and clear water is sprayed in leveling afterwards, and fountain height is every mu of 25-40kg, and the formula of described adjustment solution is natural pond liquid 15-20 part, calcium chloride 1-3 part, potassium fulvate 5-8 part and clear water 30-50 part.

Described sowing, substep carries out, First Year, Glycyrrhiza Seeds and annual ryegrass seed is selected to carry out mixed seeding, the seeding quantity of Glycyrrhiza Seeds is every mu of 2-4kg, the seeding quantity of annual ryegrass seed is every mu of 2.5-5kg, by Glycyrrhiza Seeds and annual ryegrass seed with temperature 30-35 DEG C, after the sodium hydroxide solution immersion treatment 8-12h of mass concentration 2%, clear water rinses 20min, pull the rear drilling of mixing out, line-spacing 20-25cm, sows the direction of band down the wind, i.e. sand dune movement direction; Next year, Chun Jian Kuo pea is selected to sow, Chun Jian Kuo pea seeding quantity 4-6kg, by Chun Jian Kuo pea with temperature 30-35 DEG C, after the sodium hydroxide solution immersion treatment 4-7h of mass concentration 1%, clear water rinses 10min, pulls rear drilling out, sows between the miscegenation drilling row of upper a year; Seal taboo and herd 1-2, select excellent gramineous forage grass seed to broadcast sowing, seeding quantity is every mu of 1.5-3kg, broadcasts sowing in without herbage or the sparse place of herbage growth, seal taboo and herd 2-3 after the seed dressing of gramineous forage grass seed carboxymethyl cellulose.

Described gramineous forage grass seed is Stipa breviflora seed, seed mixture without any weight ratio of two or three in the hidden sub-grass seed of awns, prairie sagewort seed.

Described fertilising, be that gradation is carried out, First Year, along with soil is bestowed in sowing after mixing base manure and seed, the granular fertilizer that described base manure is urea 20-30 part, diammonium phosphate 5-12 part, palygorskite 5-8 part, natural pond slag 15-25 part are made by weight, applied amount is every mu of 30-50kg; Second Year, carries out first time and topdresses, and along with soil is bestowed in sowing after mixing with seed, the fertilizer used that topdresses for the first time is the Bulk Blending Fertilizer of potash fertilizer and fused calcium magnesium phosphate, and potash fertilizer is every mu of 5-8kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 3-5kg; Carry out second time after broadcasting sowing gramineous forage grass seed to topdress, second time is topdressed the Water soluble fertilizer that fertilizer used is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium fulvate are made, potassium dihydrogen phosphate every mu 0.2-0.5kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1-0.2kg, potassium fulvate every mu 1-5kg are dissolved in 45kg water and make Water soluble fertilizer, spring application entirely.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: gradation kind grass of the present invention fertilising, can be interim check winds and fix drifting sand, afforest desert, effectively improve the Desert Regions ecosystem, Desert Regions is made to stablize transition to grassland region, drive the development of plant husbandry, livestock breeding, land resources utilization rate can be improved, increase the economic benefit of peasant.

Embodiment

The present invention is set forth further in conjunction with the embodiments, do not form and scope of the present invention is limited.

Embodiment 1

Forage seeds is carried out in the salt alkaline Desert Area of mean sea level 1980m, pH9.4.

Turn over after selection of land, degree of depth 45cm, spray after leveling and regulate solution, fountain height is every mu of 35kg, and the formula of described adjustment solution is natural pond liquid 17.5 parts, 2 parts, calcium chloride, potassium fulvate 6.5 parts and 40 parts, clear water.

First Year, Glycyrrhiza Seeds and annual ryegrass seed is selected to carry out mixed seeding, the seeding quantity of Glycyrrhiza Seeds is every mu of 3kg, the seeding quantity of annual ryegrass seed is every mu of 4kg, by Glycyrrhiza Seeds and annual ryegrass seed temperature 33 DEG C, after the sodium hydroxide solution immersion treatment 10h of mass concentration 2%, clear water rinses 20min, drilling is afterwards mixed after pulling out with base manure, line-spacing 20cm, the direction of sowing band down the wind, i.e. sand dune movement direction, wherein, base manure is 25 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 8.5 parts, palygorskite 6.5 parts, natural pond slag 20 parts of granular fertilizers made by weight, applied amount is every mu of 40kg.

Next year, Chun Jian Kuo pea is selected to carry out sowing Chun Jian Kuo pea seeding quantity 5kg, after the sodium hydroxide solution immersion treatment 5h of Chun Jian Kuo pea temperature 31 DEG C, mass concentration 1%, clear water rinses 10min, mixes drilling after pulling out with seed manure, seed manure is the Bulk Blending Fertilizer of potash fertilizer and fused calcium magnesium phosphate, wherein potash fertilizer is every mu of 6.5kg, every mu, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 4kg, sows, seal taboo and herd 2 years between the miscegenation drilling row of upper a year.

Select excellent Stipa breviflora seed, without the hidden sub-grass seed of awns, prairie sagewort seed broadcasts sowing, seeding quantity is every mu of 2kg, wherein adopt Stipa breviflora seed, without the hidden sub-grass seed of awns, prairie sagewort seed, grass seed to be broadcast is mixed into by weight 5:3:2, grass seed is with broadcasting sowing in without herbage or the sparse place of herbage growth after carboxymethyl cellulose seed dressing, spring application, apply fertilizer as potassium dihydrogen phosphate every mu 0.2-0.5kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1-0.2kg, potassium fulvate every mu 1-5kg is dissolved in the Water soluble fertilizer made in 45kg water, spring application entirely, seal taboo and herd 2 years.

Deblocking is herded, and completes the ecological vegetation improvement of preliminary Desert Area.

Above-described embodiment is preferred embodiment, does not form scope restriction of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a Desert Area pasture planting method, the step comprising wholely, sow, apply fertilizer, is characterized in that:

Described wholely, it is the salt alkaline Desert Area selecting height above sea level 1800-2200m, in early April, plough once, degree of depth 40-50cm, the adjustment solution configured by weight by natural pond liquid, calcium chloride, SODLUM FULVATE and clear water is sprayed in leveling afterwards, and fountain height is every mu of 25-40kg, and the formula of described adjustment solution is natural pond liquid 15-20 part, calcium chloride 1-3 part, potassium fulvate 5-8 part and clear water 30-50 part;

Described sowing, substep carries out, First Year, Glycyrrhiza Seeds and annual ryegrass seed is selected to carry out mixed seeding, the seeding quantity of Glycyrrhiza Seeds is every mu of 2-4kg, the seeding quantity of annual ryegrass seed is every mu of 2.5-5kg, by Glycyrrhiza Seeds and annual ryegrass seed with temperature 30-35 DEG C, after the sodium hydroxide solution immersion treatment 8-12h of mass concentration 2%, clear water rinses 20min, pull the rear drilling of mixing out, line-spacing 20-25cm, sows the direction of band down the wind, i.e. sand dune movement direction; Next year, Chun Jian Kuo pea is selected to sow, Chun Jian Kuo pea seeding quantity 4-6kg, by Chun Jian Kuo pea with temperature 30-35 DEG C, after the sodium hydroxide solution immersion treatment 4-7h of mass concentration 1%, clear water rinses 10min, pulls rear drilling out, sows between the miscegenation drilling row of upper a year; Seal taboo and herd 1-2, select excellent gramineous forage grass seed to broadcast sowing, seeding quantity is every mu of 1.5-3kg, broadcasts sowing in without herbage or the sparse place of herbage growth, seal taboo and herd 2-3 after the seed dressing of gramineous forage grass seed carboxymethyl cellulose;

Described gramineous forage grass seed is Stipa breviflora seed, seed mixture without any weight ratio of two or three in the hidden sub-grass seed of awns, prairie sagewort seed;

Described fertilising, be that gradation is carried out, First Year, along with soil is bestowed in sowing after mixing base manure and seed, the granular fertilizer that described base manure is urea 20-30 part, diammonium phosphate 5-12 part, palygorskite 5-8 part, natural pond slag 15-25 part are made by weight, applied amount is every mu of 30-50kg; Second Year, carries out first time and topdresses, and along with soil is bestowed in sowing after mixing with seed, the fertilizer used that topdresses for the first time is the Bulk Blending Fertilizer of potash fertilizer and fused calcium magnesium phosphate, and potash fertilizer is every mu of 5-8kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 3-5kg; Carry out second time after broadcasting sowing gramineous forage grass seed to topdress, second time is topdressed the Water soluble fertilizer that fertilizer used is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium fulvate are made, potassium dihydrogen phosphate every mu 0.2-0.5kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1-0.2kg, potassium fulvate every mu 1-5kg are dissolved in 45kg water and make Water soluble fertilizer, spring application entirely.