CN104718990A - Method for producing compound fungus feed and edible mushrooms at the same time - Google Patents
Method for producing compound fungus feed and edible mushrooms at the same time Download PDFInfo
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- CN104718990A CN104718990A CN201510140164.9A CN201510140164A CN104718990A CN 104718990 A CN104718990 A CN 104718990A CN 201510140164 A CN201510140164 A CN 201510140164A CN 104718990 A CN104718990 A CN 104718990A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing compound fungus feed and edible mushrooms at the same time. The method mainly comprises the steps that, several animal feed common raw materials comprising corn, wheat, rice, wheat bran and cake type protein are evenly mixed with one or more of agricultural product leftover crude cellulose raw materials, and the fixture is used as the culture media of the edible mushrooms including ganoderma fungus, hericium erinaceus fungus, agrocybe cylindracea fungus and pleurotus eryngii fungus; after the mushrooms grow out, each culture medium existing after the fungus grow out are evenly mixed with cordyceps fungus culture medium produced with a conventional method according to a ratio, after each mixture is smashed roughly, each mixture, the cake type protein and corn flour are fine smashed, and then the compound fungus feed is generated. By the adoption of the method, the problem that hormones and antibiotics are added to feed in the feed industry for a long time, hormones and antibiotics residuals exist in animal end products, and then after people eat the animal end products, the hormones and antibiotics residuals do harm to the health of people is solved, the pollution to the environment in the process of producing the agricultural product leftovers is reduced, the waste is recycled, and the purposes of resource recycling and efficient utilization are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feed and technical field of edible fungi production, be specifically related to a kind of lucid ganoderma fungus, aweto fungus, Hericium erinaceus fungi, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi, the composite fungi feed production of Xingbao mushroom fungi and the production method of human body edible fungus (fruit body of fungi) production unification.
Background technology
At present, the commercial feed that market sale uses adds hormone and antibiotic in order to prevent disease, growth promoting effects in feed, and Long-Time Service can make animal develop immunity to drugs and remain in finished product (meat, the egg of animal, milk etc.) in, directly or indirectly health is worked the mischief.Green organic feed represents future thrust, represents the needs of health.The additive feed that the Chinese herb feed additive now developed, microorganism formulation, enzyme preparation, acidulant, oligosaccharide, sugared terpene, garlic etc. are dissimilar is all want by noresidue, pollution-free raising animal disease resistant ability, growth promotion.
Though Chinese herb feed additive manufactured feed has certain benefit, because Chinese herbal medicine lacks the research of toxicity secure context, raw material and target level of product quality incomplete so that its effect is unstable, is difficult to reach ideal effect.
Microbe additive manufactured feed due to the research of specifically disease-resistant, the somatotrophic physiology principle to the concrete kind of microorganism not yet clear and definite, and the complete also difficulty of kind is effective.As for additive feed function singlenesses such as enzyme preparation, acidulant, oligosaccharide, sugared terpene, garlics, arbitrarily mixing its effect indefinite, difficulty is effective.
Have to improve to human body and animal body with the closely-related lucid ganoderma fungus of the edible fungus in Chinese herbal medicine medical knowledge and microorganism, aweto fungus, Hericium erinaceus fungi, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi, Xingbao mushroom fungi and regulate Immune Function In Animals, effect of each large physiological system disease of prevention and therapy animal is studied open.Lucid ganoderma fungus can improve and regulate the immunologic function of human body and animal, prevention and therapy respiratory disease.Aweto fungus, nourishing the lung and the kidney, improves and regulates Immune Function In Animals.Hericium erinaceus fungi energy prevention and therapy disease of digestive tract, protects liver, nourishing the liver.Agrocybe chaxingu fungi has good curative effect to kidney tonifying, diuresis, nourishing the liver.The delicious lifting mouthfeel of Xingbao mushroom fungi.Several fungi is using fungi polysaccharide, polyacid and amino acid nutrient as dietotherapy medical knowledge, without mutual Conflict effect, without any side effect.
At present, it is all high with crude fibre content such as cotton seed hulls, wood chip, lotus seed shell, maize straws that edible fungus is produced, the material that animal can not eat is to produce edible mushroom, mainly because material not easy infections such as high microsteping, operator's technical requirement is not high, is simply equipped, and the bacterium slag availability after production is low, substantially discarded, even pollute.Nutrition and health care effect of hypha,hyphae valuable in bacterium slag can not get good utilization.
At present, feed is using grain as raw material, the relatively low agricultural byproduct nutritious again of original containing cellulose is given it up, such as: peanut vine, sweet potato vine, corncob etc., its burning disposal causes environmental pollution again, cause feed industry and people to strive the phenomenon of food, do not form resources conservation, the resultant effect of efficiency utilization and raising environmental protection effectiveness.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome feed in feed industry and add hormone and antibiotic for a long time so that animal finished product remains, to the problem that health works the mischief after human body eats, abundant efficiency utilization agricultural product and offcuts simultaneously, reduce agricultural byproduct process pollution on the environment, turn waste into wealth, reach resources circulation efficiency utilization, and the production method of a kind of composite fungi feed production and Edible Fungi unification is provided.The present invention creatively adjusts edible fungus culture medium raw material constituent, makes fungus feed and human body edible fungus produce unification.Fungus feed of the present invention carrys out prophylactic treatment Animal diseases with the characteristic of fungi polysaccharide, polyacid and amino acid nutrient, improves green, organic, the health of animal finished product.
The production method of composite fungi feed production of the present invention and Edible Fungi unification, comprises Spawn incubation, also comprises the steps:
(1) preparation iblet, wheat grain, paddy meal, wheat bran, several animal feed of cake proteinoid commonly use raw material; Wherein, iblet, wheat grain first soak with the limewash of concentration 2%, are advisable according to suctioning water season;
(2) one or more in following several crude fibre raw material are prepared: corncob, peanut vine, sweet potato vine, herbage are dried applicable, and pulverized;
(3) by following mass percent preparation culture medium raw material: the described crude fibre raw material of step (2) is 35% ~ 40%, step (1) described iblet is 20%, wheat grain is 10%, paddy meal is 10%, wheat bran is 10%, cake proteinoid 10% ~ 15%;
(4) require to use the described cake proteinoid of step (3) to regulate the carbon-nitrogen ratio of medium respectively according to each kind fungi, be mixed to form the described each kind fungi culture medium batching of step (3); The carbon-nitrogen ratio of each kind fungi culture medium is: lucid ganoderma fungus is 23:1, and Hericium erinaceus fungi is 25:1, and Xingbao mushroom fungi is 16:1, and Agrocybe chaxingu fungi is 30:1, and when calculating carbon-nitrogen ratio, iblet, wheat grain do not count;
(5) regulate the acid-base value pH value of each medium of buffering with lime or gypsum, add water and regulate medium humidity to be 65 ~ 70%;
(6) select bacterium bag according to each kind fungi, the same day packs, sterilizing on the same day;
(7), after the sterilizing of step (6) described each bacterium bag is cooled to normal temperature, the lucid ganoderma fungus bacterial classification of Spawn incubation method cultivation routinely, Hericium erinaceus fungi strain, Xingbao mushroom fungi strain, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi strain are carried out sterile working inoculation;
(8) each bacterium culture medium fungal culture: during cultivation, keep regular air sterilization;
(9) each edible mushroom management: management of producing mushroom, is humidified to mushroom producing room by Negative Ion Damping Machine with the method operational administrative of Edible Fungi handbook according to different cultivars classification;
(10) each edible mushroom is adopted the medium after mushroom and is processed as bacteriumization feed:
A () readjusts the pH value to 7 of each fungi culture medium with limewash;
B () gets out the cake proteinoid that adds in each fungi culture medium and corn flour;
C () adds the salt of 0.3% in each fungi culture medium;
(d) by following mass ratio by each fungi culture medium proportioning: lucid ganoderma fungus 20%, aweto fungus 5%, Hericium erinaceus fungi 25%, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi 25%, Xingbao mushroom fungi 25%; Wherein, aweto fungus medium is that wheat production method produces gained routinely;
(e) the feed medium of bacteriumization by quality described in previous step than mixed preparing, rough broken after and the ready cake proteinoid of step (b) and corn flour mix carry out degree of depth pulverizing composite fungi feed.
Concrete, in (b) of step (10), when the addition of corn flour is pulverized with the feed medium of bacteriumization, sticky cracker is for standard; The addition of cake proteinoid requires according to various animal Different growth phases protein content and iblet in feed, wheat grain and increase the deal of corn flour add.
Using peanut vine, sweet potato vine, corncob, herbage, the present invention dries that several relative fiber cellulose content is low and nutritious, the agricultural byproduct of animal eating and corn, wheat, wheat bran, paddy and a small amount of cake proteinoid fuel proportioning be as edible fungus medium, by pack sealing sterilizing, inoculated and cultured edible fungus, the fungi cellulose decomposed in process of growth in medium is that glucose is as nutrient absorption, decomposing protein be amino acid as nutrient absorption, change into the high-quality health nutrient element that animal easily absorbs.After edible fungus cluster (fruit body) is gathered, medium pulverizing lime is adjusted acid-base value, the protein that proportioning is a small amount of and energy feed the green organic feed of fungi.The present invention tests successfully.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) hormone, antibiotic use is stopped, physiological function and the immunity function of animal is improved with the special dietary of fungi, prevention and therapy disease, growth promoting effects, simultaneously by remains of pesticide and heavy metal in fungus degrading agricultural product, the level making animal finished product reach green, organic, keep healthy.
(2) improve agricultural resource comprehensive high-efficiency interest rate, fungi culture medium not only produces edible fungus cluster (fruit body) but also form good fungus feed by fungus degrading cellulose, simultaneously environmental.
(3) expand food utilization territory, improve feed nutrition structure diversity, improve animal and produce the comprehensive of nutrition eventually.
(4) owing to make use of agricultural byproduct, grain is saved, simultaneously environmental.
(5) by production and the process of growth of edible fungus, the nutrition due to edible fungus is easy to be absorbed by animal, improves the absorption ratio of feed nutrition.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The production method of the composite fungi feed production of the embodiment of the present invention and Edible Fungi unification comprises Spawn incubation, feed medium bacteriumization, edible mushroom (fruit body) manages, and after adopting mushroom, the feed medium of bacteriumization is processed into feed, and specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) cultivation of bacterial classification
(1) cultivation of test tube stock
Get potato 20% (mass percentage, as follows), glucose 2%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, add water to 100%, potato is boiled and gets juice, prepare burden in proportion, 1/5 capacity is contained with 20mm × 200mm test tube, in the high-pressure sterilizing pot of temperature 121 DEG C, pressure 98.07 kPas, sterilizing makes test tube slant mother culture media in 30 minutes, inoculate under sterile working, put into constant temperature 22 DEG C, cultivate in the culturing room of humidity about 70%, this technology is prior art, Edible Fungi handbook has to read in detail to be stated, and therefore not to repeat here.
(2) cultivation of edible fungi original seed cultivated species
Because whole technique has the object of producing feed, so medium possesses edibility and avirulence.The medium of two-stage bacterial classification is using wheat as medium, and wheat 93%, wheat bran 5%, land plaster 2%, wheat first soaks and suctions water, then mixes with other auxiliary materials, contains the medium mixed with 500ml vial.In the HTHP pot sterilizing 2 hours of high temperature 128 DEG C, pressure 147.1 kPas, or normal temperature 100 DEG C of sterilizings 12 hours, be chilled to normal temperature to inoculate under sterile working, put into constant temperature 22 DEG C, humidity about 70% culturing room cultivates, Chinese caterpillar fungus is without wheat bran, replace with bean powder, this technology is prior art, does not repeat them here.
(2) feed medium bacteriumization
The inapplicable Chinese caterpillar fungus of following technique, Chinese caterpillar fungus produces and produces with wheat base, and this production technology is prior art, is not described.Wheat is cultivated aweto fungus and is only made aftermentioned forage compounding.The feed medium of lucid ganoderma fungus, Hericium erinaceus fungi, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi, Xingbao mushroom fungi is by following explained hereafter.
(1) raw material are selected and are prepared
Corn, wheat, paddy, wheat bran, cake proteinoid feed are that animal feed commonly uses raw material, corn, the favourable bacteriumization of the whole grain of wheat, first using limewash soaking corn grain, the wheat grain of concentration 2%, being advisable according to suctioning water season.What main needs were selected is raw fiber (bag lignin) raw material, principle is avirulence, palatability, raw fiber composition, coarse ash, comprehensive several principles, existing agricultural byproduct: corncob, peanut vine, sweet potato vine, herbage dry applicable, pulverized, the size principle of pulverizing is can not be too thin, unfavorable bacteriumization; Can not be too thick, unfavorable agreeable to the taste, determine according to different materials, regulate acid-base value with lime, gypsum.
(2) prepare burden
Ingredients principle a: crude fibre raw material is no more than 40%, is not less than 35%, although too high fungi energy degraded cellulose is glucose, few fibers cellulose content of can only degrading, too highly affects nutrient absorption, and too low unfavorable bacteriumization, improves feed cost.
Ingredients principle b: crude fibre raw material 40%, iblet 20%, wheat grain 10%, paddy meal 10%, wheat bran 10%, cake plastein raw material regulates C/N ratio.
Matching principle c: regulate carbon-nitrogen ratio according to different cultivars fungi cake proteinoid, computational methods, Edible Fungi handbook has detailed introduction.Lucid ganoderma fungus 23:1, Hericium erinaceus fungi 25:1, Xingbao mushroom fungi 16:1, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi 30:1.
Illustrate: iblet, wheat grain owing to being whole grain, in the calculation.
Ingredients principle d: various raw material is mixed, with lime and gypsum buffers acid-base value, lime 1%, gypsum 2%, mixes, add water regulate medium humidity 65 ?70%.
(3) pack
Select suitable bacterium bag according to different cultivars, be as the criterion with Edible Fungi handbook standard, do not explain at this, because this ingredient nutrient composition is high, must pack the same day, sterilizing on the same day.
(4) sterilizing
In order to not lose nutrition, sterilizing should not with HTHP in order to avoid loss nutrition, and with being not less than 100 DEG C, not higher than 110 DEG C, sterilizing 12 hours, sterilizing methods Edible Fungi handbook is described in detail.
(5) inoculation and fungal culture
Sterilizing is inoculated after being as cold as normal temperature, and because medium is higher than ordinary culture medium nutrient component, inoculation must be inoculated by sterile working, in order to avoid cause miscellaneous bacteria to infect waste.Sterile working inoculation is according to Edible Fungi handbook technique.If large-scale production can with aseptic spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation production run equipment.
Different from conventional culture medium of edible fungus fungal culture, culturing room keeps strict regularly air sterilization, improves qualification rate.
(3) edible mushroom (fruit body) management
Management of producing mushroom is according to different cultivars Classification Management, and according to the management of Edible Fungi manual technique, difference is humidification mode, makes feed, prevent infection of going mouldy owing to will protect medium.First be water must be aqua sterilisa, the most handy Negative Ion Damping Machine, has the benefit of sterilization, moisture stable.
(4) after adopting mushroom, bacteriumization feed medium processes feed
(1) medium acid-base value detects
Because Edible Fungi process Medium's PH Value declines, must detect the pH value of medium, then be adjusted to 7 with limewash, limewash supplement feed calcium constituent also can remove ovum by desinsection.
(2) fungus feed protein raw material be added in medium process for preparation, iblet and wheat grain exclude in the calculating of carbon-nitrogen ratio, and C/N ratios of other batchings reach the content of feed desired protein feed substantially.The functional leaves that fruit body of edible fungi consumes is in a basic balance in medium C/N ratio, does not affect and adopts feed medium C/N ratio after mushroom.So the content adding the corn flour (increasing corn flour reason illustration in aftermentioned processing method) increased according to iblet, wheat grain and aftermentioned proportioning of protein raw material and growth of animal demands thereof add.
(3) interpolation of mineral element and salt
In the production process of edible fungus, lime and gypsum add, and make fungus feed contain abundant mineral element, need not add again, and only need to add appropriate salt, addition is 0.3%.
(4) processing method
A. sticky cracker when corn flour is pulverizing for the feed medium of bacteriumization why is increased.
B. the feed Medium Proportion of several bacteriumization is: lucid ganoderma fungus 20%, aweto fungus 5%, hericium erinaceus 25%, Agrocybe chaxingu bacterium 25%, Xingbao mushroom bacterium 25%.
C. the feed medium of bacteriumization in the rough broken and corn flour that proportioning is good of kind ratio collocation and cake proteinoid feed mix carry out degree of depth pulverizing composite fungi feed, can Direct-fed.As needed to sell, must dry sealing, indicate the date of manufacture, the shelf-life, wherein do not add anticorrosion, antistaling agent, the shelf-life is three months.
Feature of the present invention is:
(1) fungus feed of lucid ganoderma fungus, aweto fungus, Hericium erinaceus fungi, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi, Xingbao mushroom fungi and this additive feed, to each large physiological system disease of prophylactic treatment, improves the effect of Immune Function In Animals and physiological function.
(2) raw material selected and ratio, be both applicable to the nutrition of feed and the requirement of content, the also requirement of edibility bacterium fruiting (fruit body).
(3) production method improved in the technique of original Edible Fungi, both ensure that the organic quality of the green of feed, had turn improved the output of edible mushroom (fruit body).
Claims (2)
1. a production method for composite fungi feed production and Edible Fungi unification, comprises Spawn incubation, characterized by further comprising following steps:
(1) preparation iblet, wheat grain, paddy meal, wheat bran, several animal feed of cake proteinoid commonly use raw material; Wherein, iblet, wheat grain first soak with the limewash of concentration 2%, are advisable according to suctioning water season;
(2) one or more in following several crude fibre raw material are prepared: corncob, peanut vine, sweet potato vine, herbage are dried applicable, and pulverized;
(3) by following mass percent preparation culture medium raw material: the described crude fibre raw material of step (2) is 35% ~ 40%, step (1) described iblet is 20%, wheat grain is 10%, paddy meal is 10%, wheat bran is 10%, cake proteinoid 10% ~ 15%;
(4) require to use the described cake proteinoid of step (3) to regulate the carbon-nitrogen ratio of medium respectively according to each kind fungi, be mixed to form the described each kind fungi culture medium batching of step (3); The carbon-nitrogen ratio of each kind fungi culture medium is: lucid ganoderma fungus is 23:1, and Hericium erinaceus fungi is 25:1, and Xingbao mushroom fungi is 16:1, and Agrocybe chaxingu fungi is 30:1, and when calculating carbon-nitrogen ratio, iblet, wheat grain do not count;
(5) regulate the acid-base value pH value of each medium of buffering with lime or gypsum, add water and regulate medium humidity to be 65 ~ 70%;
(6) select bacterium bag according to each kind fungi, the same day packs, sterilizing on the same day;
(7), after the sterilizing of step (6) described each bacterium bag is cooled to normal temperature, the lucid ganoderma fungus bacterial classification of Spawn incubation method cultivation routinely, Hericium erinaceus fungi strain, Xingbao mushroom fungi strain, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi strain are carried out sterile working inoculation;
(8) each bacterium culture medium fungal culture: during cultivation, keep regular air sterilization;
(9) each edible mushroom management: management of producing mushroom, is humidified to mushroom producing room by Negative Ion Damping Machine with the method operational administrative of Edible Fungi handbook according to different cultivars classification;
(10) each edible mushroom is adopted the medium after mushroom and is processed as bacteriumization feed:
A () readjusts the pH value to 7 of each fungi culture medium with limewash;
B () gets out the cake proteinoid that adds in each fungi culture medium and corn flour;
C () adds the salt of 0.3% in each fungi culture medium;
(d) by following mass ratio by each fungi culture medium proportioning: lucid ganoderma fungus 20%, aweto fungus 5%, Hericium erinaceus fungi 25%, Agrocybe chaxingu fungi 25%, Xingbao mushroom fungi 25%; Wherein, aweto fungus medium is that wheat production method produces gained routinely;
(e) the feed medium of bacteriumization by quality described in previous step than mixed preparing, rough broken after and the ready cake proteinoid of step (b) and corn flour mix carry out degree of depth pulverizing composite fungi feed.
2. the production method of composite fungi feed production and Edible Fungi unification according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in (b) of step (10), when the addition of corn flour is pulverized with the feed medium of bacteriumization, sticky cracker is for standard; The addition of cake proteinoid requires according to various animal Different growth phases protein content and iblet in feed, wheat grain and increase the deal of corn flour add.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105475623A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-13 | 宾石其 | Production method and feeding method of ecological fungal compound feed |
| CN111838420A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-30 | 鹤灵谷(福州)生物科技有限公司 | Feed utilizing culture medium after production of ganoderma lucidum |
| CN115152527A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-11 | 辽宁省微生物科学研究院 | Method for cultivating high-quality cordyceps militaris sporocarp in short period |
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| RU2196438C1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-01-20 | Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарева | Method for obtaining fodder product |
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| CN115152527A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-11 | 辽宁省微生物科学研究院 | Method for cultivating high-quality cordyceps militaris sporocarp in short period |
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Effective date of registration: 20230817 Address after: 411206 Yutang Group, Feilan Village, Yunhuqiao Town, Xiangtan County, Xiangtan City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Hunan Hengzhi Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 411228 Hongqi Village Group, Letang Village, Xiangshui Township, Xiangtan County, Xiangtan City, Hunan Province Patentee before: Bin Shiqi |
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