CN104718984B - A kind of umbellate pore furgus cultural method based on astragalus root dregs - Google Patents
A kind of umbellate pore furgus cultural method based on astragalus root dregs Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of umbellate pore furgus cultural method based on astragalus root dregs, specifically implement according to following steps：Umbellate pore furgus tamed strain, astragalus root dregs processing, inoculation are with cultivating, the selection of soil nutrient liquid, continue to cultivate, and are harvested afterwards；The simple to operate, specification of the present invention, equipment investment are smaller.Reduce the destruction to forest brought by cultivation umbellate pore furgus, there is larger economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fungi artificial cultivation technique field, and in particular to a kind of umbellate pore furgus cultivation side based on astragalus root dregs
Method.
Background technology
The Radix Astragali [Astragalus membranaceus Fisch.] is perennial tall and big draft legume.The Radix Astragali is suitable
Producing region is the Inner Mongol, Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi.Radix Astragali summer-flowering, autumn bear pods fruit.Root long, the root medicine of general excavation more than 4 years
With.The Radix Astragali harvested in the fall (Se) containing trace elements of selenium is more, and quality is preferable.Ground cauline leaf and fibrous root are removed, is cut after drying
Grown into 1.5 chis, binding is collected or cut into slices medicinal.Radix Astragali tonifying lung invigorating the spleen, wind dispelling transport the medicine of poison.The Radix Astragali can flourish muscles and bones；The Radix Astragali
Can be with myogenic meat.The Radix Astragali is the main component of plurality of Chinese, and consumption is larger.It is also larger with astragalus root dregs amount after water extraction, such as
What recycles these dregs of a decoction, and it is the eternal study subject of Pharma Inc. to bring economic benefit.The Radix Astragali is important Chinese medicine material, only
In sky and water Qi Huang Pharma Inc.s, annual usage amount produces substantial amounts of pharmacy discarded object more than 400 tons after processing extraction process --
Astragalus root dregs, these dregs of a decoction cause serious environmental pollution, also improve processing cost as garbage disposal.
Umbellate pore furgus [Polyponus umbellatus Fr.] belongs to Basidiomycetes, the fungi of Polyporaceae, is mainly formed with it
Sclerotium be used as medicine, pharmaceutically using existing history in 2500.China's Precious, Rare, Endangered fungi medicinal material, collection green, safety, prevention,
Health care, treat in one.Effective ingredient contains grifola polysaccharide, ergosterol, polysaccharide etc., and its property of medicine is sweet, light, mild-natured；Return
Spleen, kidney, bladder warp, there are dehumidifying diuresis, removing toxic substances cup, phlegm disease, anti-aging, antitumor and other effects；Cure mainly acute nephritis, whole body water
The illnesss such as swollen, cardiac edema, diarrhoea, urgent urination, frequent micturition, jaundice, hepatic sclerosis.Modern medicine study shows that umbellate pore furgus has and improves people
Body immunity, antitumaous effect.With expanding economy and the raising of human life quality, integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, healthcare industry is
As " Gold Industry " of 21 century, the expense of umbellate pore furgus is continuously increased, the wild excavation and semi-artificial plantation of existing resource, far
Far from meeting the needs of domestic and international pharmacy corporation.Umbellate pore furgus growth is peculiar, and unrooted is without leaf in soil.Sclerotium epidermis dark brown,
It is flexible, internal yellow or cream white, no given shape, it is grown on rich in humus forest land more.General umbellate pore furgus nutrition comes from
The offer of fungal component-halimasch.And umbellate pore furgus mycelia is in growth course, in order to resist poor environment or the shape by environmental stimuli
Into sclerotium, and environmental stimuli is how relevant with association mushroom.So the full artificial cultivation difficulty of umbellate pore furgus is very big.Semi-artificial cultivation be with
Substantial amounts of Qinggang wooden (oak) is raw material, while is inoculated with Qinggang wood fungus material of halimasch and umbellate pore furgus, 3-4 harvests, that is, half
Artificial cultivation is to destroy a large amount of forests as cost.
The content of the invention
It is open using full artificial cultivation it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of umbellate pore furgus cultural method based on astragalus root dregs
Formula interacts with aseptic condition, using astragalus root dregs, completes a growth cycle within 150 days, is a kind of efficient umbellate pore furgus cultivation technique.
Umbellate pore furgus medicinal material can be provided for market, and can reduces the pollution of environment, reduces the destruction to forest, can bring economic benefit,
Ecological benefits and social benefit.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of umbellate pore furgus cultural method based on astragalus root dregs, specifically according to following
Step is implemented：
Step 1, umbellate pore furgus tamed strain, are prepared umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2；
Step 2, umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2 is inoculated with and cultivated, bacterium bed is prepared；
Step 3, selection soil nutrient liquid, and bacterium bed is continued to cultivate；
Step 4, harvest finished product umbellate pore furgus.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Step 1 umbellate pore furgus tamed strain is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 1.1, with adding rich PDA culture medium to expand numerous umbellate pore furgus parent species, in 50 grams of water extraction astragalus root dregs plus 1000 milliliters of water,
Cook 20 minutes, keep water, filtering, obtain astragalus root dregs nutrient solution, the pure water in PDA culture medium, system are replaced with the nutrient solution
Into slant medium plus rich PDA culture medium, connect umbellate pore furgus original species on super quiet workbench, cultivated under the conditions of putting 25-28 DEG C
25-40 days, obtain umbellate pore furgus parent species；
Step 1.2, with maize culture medium culture umbellate pore furgus original seed, by iblet step 1.1 astragalus root dregs nutrient solution
24 hours of middle immersion, pull out, drain nutrient solution, add 10% wheat bran of iblet weight, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1
Hour, cool, umbellate pore furgus parent species are accessed under aseptic condition, put 25-28 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus original seed；
Step 1.3, with astragalus root dregs culture medium 1 domestication obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1, astragalus root dregs culture medium 1：Broad-leaved wood chip
80%, astragalus root dregs 20%, add the water of equivalent to mix thoroughly, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C sterilize 1 hour, cool, sterile lower access
Umbellate pore furgus original seed, put 25-28 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1；
Step 1.4, with astragalus root dregs culture medium 2 tame umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2, astragalus root dregs culture medium 2：Broad-leaved wood chip
40%, astragalus root dregs 59%, KH2PO41%, add the water of equivalent to mix thoroughly, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C sterilize 1 hour, cool, nothing
Umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1 is accessed under bacterium, 25-28 DEG C is put and cultivates 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2.
Umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2 is inoculated with and cultivated, bacterium bed is prepared and specifically implements according to following steps：Astragalus root dregs
Processing, in the dregs of a decoction after the water extraction Radix Astragali, adds 1% KH2PO4Carbendazim with 0.1% is mixed thoroughly, dress bag, often packs wet feed
50 kilograms, sterilized 0.5 hour under the conditions of putting 130 DEG C；In astragalus root dregs after processing are placed between sterile culture, material temperature is down to room
Temperature, start on bed frame in aseptic inoculation umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2, a layered material, one layer of kind, gross thickness is 20 centimetres, the top one
Layer strain, and covered with the numb paper that sterilizes；20-25 DEG C is cultivated 30 days, and material block all switchs to white, and has the appearance of Siberian cocklebur core, is prepared into
To bacterium bed.
Bed frame uses multi-compartment bed rack and panel construction made of stainless steel tube, and 0.5 meter of bedside, bed is long 2.0 meters, 2.0 meters of the height of bed,
4 layers of centre point, every layer of bed surface is divided into two frames again, and side is high 20 centimetres, wide 50 centimetres, long 1.0 meters, forms 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.2
Culture frame, every layer of bedstead exactly two culture frame.
Astragalus root dregs are the dregs of a decoction after the water extraction Radix Astragali.
Soil nutrient liquid is：Mass volume ratio (g/mL) is 1:Active soil and water under 50 broad-leaf forest are configured to suspended
Liquid.
The culture that continues in step 3 is specially：Soil nutrient liquid is sprayed in the bacterium bed that step 3 obtains, every spray 1 is public
Jin；Continuing to cultivate under the conditions of 20 DEG C, once, sclerotia is largely formed every 3 days water sprays, is initially white, and mid-term is brown,
Later stage is black, is stopped growing.
Harvest in step 4 is specially：After black umbellate pore furgus occurs, 8-15 days, sclerotia not regrowth, harvested；
Umbellate pore furgus is removed, is dried under the sun, is finished product umbellate pore furgus.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention selects umbellate pore furgus parent species, tames, is made it suitable in Huang through nutrients is multistage
Grown on the stilbene dregs of a decoction, the speed of growth is fast, and quality is good, and introduces the active ingredient of Radix Astragali residual, and cost is extremely low.Save a large amount of
Timber, reduce because of the destruction to forest that brings of umbellate pore furgus cultivation.Conjunction can be provided with astragalus root dregs production umbellate pore furgus for market
The umbellate pore furgus product of lattice, and can reduce the pollution of environment.The technology has larger economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.
The present invention directly cultivates umbellate pore furgus with umbellate pore furgus strain, reduces the introducing of Armillaria mellea, reduces production cost；Pig
Siberian cocklebur strain is tamed through nutrients is multistage, makes it suitable for growing on astragalus root dregs, the speed of growth is fast, and quality is good.And can is protected
Forest；Later stage, effect was especially good, and umbellate pore furgus annesl is preferable with the means of sprinkling soil nutrient liquid；Per kilogram umbellate pore furgus production cost
About 20 yuan, about 220 yuan of market price per kilogram；The simple to operate, specification of the present invention, equipment investment are smaller.400000 yuan of equipment is thrown
Money scale, every time can 10000 kilograms of feeding, 6000-8000 kilograms of umbellate pore furgus can be produced.Annual production two batches, net income is up to 300
Wan Yuan.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the umbellate pore furgus cultural method of the invention based on astragalus root dregs.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of umbellate pore furgus cultural method based on astragalus root dregs, its cultivate flow as shown in figure 1, specifically according to
Following steps are implemented：
1. umbellate pore furgus tamed strain,
The strain of this technology is widely used in Shaanxi and Longnan of Gansu Province with being bought from Shaanxi Yang County rhizoma Gastrodiae research institute
Umbellate pore furgus parent species, are tamed and amount reproduction is used to cultivate.
Step 1.1, with adding rich PDA culture medium (potato dextrose agar：200 grams of potato, 10-20 grams of Portugal
Grape sugar, 1000 milliliters of water, 20 grams of agar) expand numerous parent species, it is (useless after the Chinese medicine manufacturing enterprise extraction Radix Astragali in 50 grams of astragalus root dregs
Slag) in plus 1000 milliliters of water, cook 20 minutes, keep water, filtering, obtain astragalus root dregs nutrient solution, PDA replaced with the nutrient solution
Pure water in culture medium, manufactured slant medium plus rich PDA culture medium.Umbellate pore furgus original species are connect on super quiet workbench, put 25-
28 DEG C are cultivated 25-40 days, obtain umbellate pore furgus parent species；
Step 1.2, with maize culture medium culture umbellate pore furgus original seed, by iblet step 1.1 astragalus root dregs nutrient solution
24 hours of middle immersion, pull out, drain nutrient solution, add 10% wheat bran of iblet weight, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1
Hour, cool, umbellate pore furgus parent species are accessed under aseptic condition, put 25-28 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus original seed；
Step 1.3, with astragalus root dregs culture medium 1 domestication obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1, astragalus root dregs culture medium 1：Broad-leaved wood chip
80%, astragalus root dregs 20%, add the water of equivalent to mix thoroughly, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C sterilize 1 hour, cool, sterile lower access
Umbellate pore furgus original seed, put 25-28 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1；
Step 1.4, with astragalus root dregs culture medium 2 tame umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2, astragalus root dregs culture medium 2：Broad-leaved wood chip
40%, astragalus root dregs 59%, KH2PO41%, add the water of equivalent to mix thoroughly, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C sterilize 1 hour, cool, nothing
Umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1 is accessed under bacterium, 25-28 DEG C is put and cultivates 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2；Umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2
It is used directly for the umbellate pore furgus cultivation of astragalus root dregs；
2. astragalus root dregs are handled,
The dregs of a decoction after Pharma Inc.'s water extraction Radix Astragali, 1% KH of dosing slag2PO4(carbendazim has with 0.1% carbendazim
Effective component content 45%) mix thoroughly, it is fitted into big bag, often packs 50 kilograms of wet feed, sterilized 0.5 hour under the conditions of putting 130 DEG C；
3. inoculation and culture, prepare bacterium bed,
By the astragalus root dregs after being handled in step 2, in being transported between sterile culture, material temperature is down to room temperature, starts upper bed frame
It is inoculated with umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2, sterile lower inoculation, a layered material, one layer of kind, about 20 centimetres of gross thickness, topmost one layer of strain, and with going out
Bacterium fiber crops paper covers；20-25 DEG C is cultivated 30 days, and material block all switchs to white, and has the appearance of Siberian cocklebur core；Wherein, bed frame uses stainless
Multi-compartment bed rack and panel construction made of steel pipe, 0.5 meter of bedside, bed is long 2.0 meters, 2.0 meters of the height of bed, and 4 layers of centre point, every layer of bed surface divides again
For two frames, side is high 20 centimetres, wide 50 centimetres, long 1.0 meters, forms 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.2 culture frame, every layer of bedstead just two
Individual culture frame, is prepared bacterium bed；
4. the selection of soil nutrient liquid；Soil selects the active soil that humus content is high under broad-leaf forest, microbiota complexity
And coordinate, by 1000 milliliters of 20 grams of the wet soil plus water, Soil Slurry, as soil nutrient liquid is made；
5. by the soil nutrient liquid Direct spraying of clarification in the bacterium bed that step 3 obtains, every sprays 1 kilogram；
6. continuing to cultivate, continue to cultivate under the conditions of 20 DEG C, once, sclerotia is largely formed every 3 days water sprays, is initially
White, mid-term are brown, and the later stage is black, is stopped growing；
7. harvest, after black umbellate pore furgus occurs, 8-15 days, sclerotia not regrowth, it can harvest；Remove umbellate pore furgus, the sun
Under dry, be finished product umbellate pore furgus, in about 130-150 days whole growth periods, plus the processing time of training workshop, we were with 180 days
One growth cycle.
Using the above method, have the advantages that：First, umbellate pore furgus scarcity of resources, full artificial cultivation can not still succeed,
Cultural method is Semi-artificial cultivation at present, that is, the artificial cultivation side using Qinggang wooden (oak) and halimasch in forest
Method；Halimasch is not used in the invention, is a quantum jump on cultural method.Second, cultivate pig with the astragalus root dregs of pharmacy corporation
Siberian cocklebur, it is possible to reduce dregs of a decoction environmental pollution, can also reduce the destruction that Semi-artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus comes to forest region, and can brings economy
Benefit.Third, the technology growth cycle is short, general 5-6 months, and the cycle of Semi-artificial cultivation is 3-4.
The present invention carries out nutrition domestication to umbellate pore furgus kind with Radix Astragali slag, it is possible to increase the yield of umbellate pore furgus, without this domestication, no
Go out umbellate pore furgus, or yield is extremely low.Present invention sprinkling forest soil liquid, best soil liquid concentration is 2%.The inventive method can be in room
Interior full artificial cultivation.
The present invention is using astragalus root dregs as primary raw material, sterilized processing, with addition of certain nutrients, as the main of umbellate pore furgus
Nutrient source and planting material, only using umbellate pore furgus as cultivation strain, growth cycle foreshortens to 150 from the Semi-artificial cultivation 3-4 of nature
My god, substantially increase production efficiency.Its active ingredient -- grifola polysaccharide content, higher than Semi-artificial cultivation and Wild G.umbellata pig
Siberian cocklebur polyoses content.The dry astragalus root dregs of per kilogram can harvest 0.6-0.8 kilograms of dry umbellate pore furgus for 150 days.It is this to cultivate pig with astragalus root dregs
The technology of Siberian cocklebur, the less destruction to forest brought by cultivation umbellate pore furgus, has larger economic benefit, ecological benefits and society
Benefit.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of umbellate pore furgus cultural method based on astragalus root dregs, it is characterised in that specifically implement according to following steps：
Step 1, umbellate pore furgus tamed strain, are prepared umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2；
Step 2, umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2 is inoculated with and cultivated, bacterium bed is prepared；
Step 3, selection soil nutrient liquid, and bacterium bed is continued to cultivate；
Step 4, harvest finished product umbellate pore furgus；
The step 1 umbellate pore furgus tamed strain is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 1.1, with adding rich PDA culture medium to expand numerous umbellate pore furgus parent species, wherein, it is potato dextrose agar to add rich PDA culture medium
Culture medium：200 grams of potato, 10-20 grams of glucose, 1000 milliliters of water, 20 grams of agar, add in 50 grams of water extraction astragalus root dregs
1000 milliliters of water, cook 20 minutes, keep water, filtering, obtain astragalus root dregs nutrient solution, PDA culture medium is replaced with the nutrient solution
In pure water, manufactured slant medium plus rich PDA culture medium, connect umbellate pore furgus original species on super quiet workbench, put 25-28 DEG C
Under the conditions of cultivate 25-40 days, obtain umbellate pore furgus parent species；
Step 1.2, with maize culture medium culture umbellate pore furgus original seed, iblet is soaked in the astragalus root dregs nutrient solution of step 1.1
24 hours are steeped, pulls out, drains nutrient solution, add 10% wheat bran of iblet weight, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1 are small
When, cool, umbellate pore furgus parent species are accessed under aseptic condition, put 25-28 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus original seed；
Step 1.3, with astragalus root dregs culture medium 1 domestication obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1, astragalus root dregs culture medium 1：Broad-leaved wood chip
80%, astragalus root dregs 20%, add the water of equivalent to mix thoroughly, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C sterilize 1 hour, cool, sterile lower access
Umbellate pore furgus original seed, put 25-28 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1；
Step 1.4, with astragalus root dregs culture medium 2 tame umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2, astragalus root dregs culture medium 2：Broad-leaved wood chip 40%, it is yellow
The stilbene dregs of a decoction 59%, KH2PO41%, add the water of equivalent to mix thoroughly, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C sterilize 1 hour, cool, are connect under sterile
Enter umbellate pore furgus cultigen 1, put 25-28 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, cover with seed bottle, obtain umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2.
2. the umbellate pore furgus cultural method according to claim 1 based on astragalus root dregs, it is characterised in that described to cultivate umbellate pore furgus
Kind 2 is inoculated with and cultivated, and bacterium bed is prepared and specifically implements according to following steps：Astragalus root dregs processing, the water extraction Radix Astragali it
In the dregs of a decoction afterwards, 1% KH is added2PO4Carbendazim with 0.1% is mixed thoroughly, dress bag, is often packed 50 kilograms of wet feed, is put 130 DEG C of bars
Sterilized 0.5 hour under part；In astragalus root dregs after processing are placed between sterile culture, material temperature is down to room temperature, starts in bed frame
In upper aseptic inoculation umbellate pore furgus cultigen 2, a layered material, one layer of kind, gross thickness be 20 centimetres, topmost one layer of strain, and with sterilize
Numb paper covering；20-25 DEG C is cultivated 30 days, and material block all switchs to white, and has the appearance of Siberian cocklebur core, and bacterium bed is prepared.
3. the umbellate pore furgus cultural method according to claim 2 based on astragalus root dregs, it is characterised in that the bed frame uses
Multi-compartment bed rack and panel construction made of stainless steel tube, 0.5 meter of bedside, bed is long 2.0 meters, 2.0 meters of the height of bed, 4 layers of centre point, every layer of bed surface
It is divided into two frames again, side is high 20 centimetres, wide 50 centimetres, long 1.0 meters, forms 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.2 culture frame, every layer of bedstead is just
Two culture frames.
4. the umbellate pore furgus cultural method according to claim 1 or 2 based on astragalus root dregs, it is characterised in that the Radix Astragali medicine
Slag is the dregs of a decoction after the water extraction Radix Astragali.
5. the umbellate pore furgus cultural method according to claim 1 based on astragalus root dregs, it is characterised in that the soil nutrient liquid
For：Mass volume ratio is 1g:The suspension that active soil and water under 50mL broad-leaf forest are configured to.
6. the umbellate pore furgus cultural method according to claim 1 based on astragalus root dregs, it is characterised in that in the step 3
Continuing culture is specially：Soil nutrient liquid is sprayed in the bacterium bed that step 2 obtains, every sprays 1 kilogram；Under the conditions of 20 DEG C after
Continuous culture, once, sclerotia is largely formed every 3 days water sprays, is initially white, and mid-term is brown, and the later stage is black, stops life
It is long.
7. the umbellate pore furgus cultural method according to claim 1 based on astragalus root dregs, it is characterised in that in the step 4
Harvest is specially：After black umbellate pore furgus occurs, 8-15 days, sclerotia not regrowth, harvested；Umbellate pore furgus is removed, is shone under the sun
It is dry, it is finished product umbellate pore furgus.
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