CN104705150B - A kind of pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in vineyard - Google Patents
A kind of pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in vineyard Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, the method includes：The planting structure distribution in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, the spacing in the rows × line-spacing of wine-growing is 0.8m × 2.5m；Fructus Vitis viniferae in the ranks plants European Herba Cichorii and rye grass；Growing season is cradled in real time, and vine applies 1 base manure every year, and in addition to basal dressing, the fertilization mode in remaining period adopts fertigation.The method reduce the farming number of times to Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, fertilizer and pesticide amount of application is reduced, N consumptions 32.3% are reduced, P consumptions 36.29% are reduced, Pesticide use amount reduces 42.2%, rainwash float reduces 28.57%, and rainwash total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduce 25.32% and 29.51% respectively, and underground aqueous suspension reduces 24.36%, on the basis of vintage stable yields is ensured, cost-effective 19.38%, per hectare income increased 16500 yuan, and orchard widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area is controlled effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of pollution of area source prevention and control cultivation side in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard
Method.
Background technology
Highly divide for orchard high intensity nutritional need, soil nutrient that different, soil nutrient surplus is abundant, subsoil water nitrogen phosphorus contains
The characteristics of measuring high, to reduce orchard input cost, reduces fertilizer and pesticide excessively uses the environmental pollution for bringing, improves orchard
Quality and orchard output capacity for the purpose of, it is desirable to have corresponding pollution control technology is being instructed, rational to build
Agricultural industry pattern.The pattern driven the industry with technology, realizes widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area low emission in orchard, and remarkable in economical benefits increases
Plus purpose.
In China as new grape variety selection-breeding and the development of cultivation technique, vinegrowing region expand rapidly, the whole nation is removed
Hainan, Hong Kong, outside Macao, there are the commercialization plantation of Fructus Vitis viniferae in each province, area, and Fructus Vitis viniferae has become China and has been distributed most commonly used fruit
One of seeds class.But for a long time, the traditional cropping system in China vineyard is that earth's surface bare area is larger based on clear ploughing,
Vineyard soil severe water and soil erosion, soil organic matter content is caused to reduce, fertility declines etc., so as to increase the wind of pollution of area source
Danger.The increase of high added value vintage, also promotes being substantially improved for agriculture chemical usage amount in addition, and its usage amount much surpasses
Gone out fruit absorbs limit, causes pollution of area source high level to occur.In order to make full use of the space in the middle of Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard
Ground, reduces the pollution of area source problem in the low level management of orchard, it is necessary to propose a kind of pollution of area source prevention and control plantation in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard
Method.Up to the present, related implantation methods not yet appear in the newspapers.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of pollution of area source prevention and control in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard are planted
Culture method, the method reduces the farming number of times to Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, reduces fertilizer and pesticide amount of application, orchard widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area
It is controlled effectively.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, comprises the steps：
Step（1）, the field planting structure distribution in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard：
In Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, the spacing in the rows × line-spacing of wine-growing is 0.8m × 2.5m；In Fructus Vitis viniferae in the ranks central strip sowing planting a line
European Herba Cichorii, and the bunch planting ryegrass seed between Fructus Vitis viniferae and European Herba Cichorii, European Herba Cichorii spacing in the rows is 0.25m, European Herba Cichorii strain
With rye grass line-spacing 0.3m, rye grass spacing in the rows × line-spacing is 0.2m × 0.2m；
Step（2）, European Herba Cichorii, the cultivation management of rye grass：
Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard Central Europe continent Herba Cichorii and rye grass carry out 1-2 time manually cutting weeds in Seedling Stage；
In Growing season, rye grass plant height is cradled in more than 0.3m, is cradled every 30-45 days 1 time, and Growing season is cradled
3-4 time；In the rye grass cradled apart from 20-30cm outer coverings around grapevine trunk, in order to avoid affect vine trunk ground
Place's humidity is too high, causes pest and disease damage to grow；When European Herba Cichorii plant height 0.58-0.62m, you can cradle, toothing 0.08-0.15m cuts
The European Herba Cichorii cut off can make vegetable or the edible feedstuff of domestic animal, poultry and fish；
Step（3）, the field management in orchard：It is 1400kg/ that in the field management in orchard, water soluble fertilizer applies total amount
hm2；
A. enter the upper base manure of trench digging before the winter every year；
Fertilizer type：Fertilizer and water soluble fertilizer；
Dose：15000 kilograms of per hectare organic fertilizer, water soluble fertilizer amount of application are that water soluble fertilizer applies total amount
1/10；
The fertilizing method of fertilizer：Ditching-fertilizing, is ditching away from grapevine trunk 30cm, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth
30cm, is covered with soil after applying fertilizer；
It should be noted that problem be：Fertilizer must become thoroughly decomposed；
The fertilizing method of water soluble fertilizer：Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved in water, drip irrigation is carried out using 1000 times of liquid, is applied altogether
With once；
The beginning of the year starts winter pruning, and the branch cut, fallen leaves are covered in around grapevine trunk；Pruning completes it
Afterwards, full garden sprays 5% natural pyrethrin cream biogenic pesticides of Yun Ju, and consumption is 1500g/hm2；
B.4 moon early and middle ten dayses, Fructus Vitis viniferae start rudiment；Uninterruptedly start bud picking, healthy and strong, full plumelet of selecting and remain bundlees branch；Together
Shi Caiyong drip irrigation measures are irrigated, 1 450m of drip irrigation number of times3/hm2；
Late April, is rudiment, new slightly trophophase；Carry out foliage-spray and process 0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion biological source
Pesticide, consumption 1800g/hm2, the mass fraction for being affixed by boron is 2.5% boron fertilizer, consumption 500g/hm2, boron fertilizer is to increase seat
Fruit rate；And soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days are once, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is water solublity fertilizer
Material applies the 1/10 of total amount, carries out drip irrigation using 1000 times of liquid；
With the extraction of new branch, Suitable results branch group of selecting and remain ties up branch, and bud picking goes pair slightly；Late April drip irrigation 2 times, often
Secondary water consumption is 600m3/hm2；
C.5 in the first tenday period of a month moon, be to bloom, bear fruit the phase；The biogenic pesticide of 0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion of foliage-spray is carried out,
Consumption 1800g/hm2, and soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days are once, each water soluble fertilizer amount of application
The 1/10 of total amount is applied for water soluble fertilizer, drip irrigation is carried out using 1000 times of liquid, promote the steady fruit of Fructus Vitis viniferae and strong fruit；Fertilization time exists
Xie Hua, bear fruit after；
In florescence, fringe shape is arranged, pinch secondary fringe and fringe point, except tendril；Suitable load capacity is determined according to tree vigo(u)r；Note after spending
Apical dominance is extractd, removal is secondary slightly；Drip irrigation 1 time is carried out simultaneously, water consumption is 300m3/hm2；
D.5 the last ten-days period moon are to early June, are grape berry trophophases, and Fructus Vitis viniferae starts bagging；And carried out using water soluble fertilizer
Twice, 10 days once for soil application, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is that water soluble fertilizer applies the 1/10 of total amount, uses 1000
Times liquid carries out drip irrigation, promote Fructus Vitis viniferae granule expand with it is with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion；Fertilization time be from the whole florescence to berry start coloring；
Drip irrigation 5 times, each water consumption are 600m3/hm2；
E.6 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, Fructus Vitis viniferae comes to the ripening period；Foliage-spray is carried out, Ji Quan gardens are general to apply 64% Sandofan wettable powder
With 50% thiram, the dose of 64% Sandofan wettable powder is 800g/hm2, the dose of 50% thiram is 750g/hm2；
And soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days are once, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is applied for water soluble fertilizer
With the 1/10 of total amount, drip irrigation is carried out using 1000 times of liquid；Fertilization time：Start coloring to full maturity from berry；Drip irrigation 2 times,
Water consumption is 300 m every time3/hm2；
F.7 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, Fructus Vitis viniferae start maturation and pluck, and full garden is turned over once；Water soluble fertilizer is applied in 1 week after harvesting,
Water soluble fertilizer amount of application is that water soluble fertilizer applies the 1/10 of total amount, applies fertilizer altogether once, carries out drip irrigation using 1000 times of liquid,
Promote branch nutrient accumulation, be to get bumper crops next year to lay the first stone.
It is further preferred that step（1）In per mu of average sowing quantity be European Herba Cichorii 250g, rye grass 250g.
It is further preferred that the European Herba Cichorii of autumn sowing cradles 8 times from Second Year April to November.
It is further preferred that described step（3）On the trench digging of middle step A, the time of base manure is October.
It is further preferred that step（3）Described in fertilizer be farm manure.
In addition to basal dressing, the fertilization mode in remaining period has been reached using fertigation and has not been caused the present invention to orchard soil
The purpose of big disturbance, while improving the utilization rate of fertilizer.
Compared with peasant habit measure, its advantage is the present invention：
The inventive method effectively changes Soil structure in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, reduces N, P and soil erosion, promotes soil
The increase of organic matter and nutrient content, accelerates cultivation orchard soil carbon storehouse, increased orchard ecology multiformity, reduce to environment
Pollution, improves the ecological environment in orchard, leads industry to low-carbon (LC), Sustainable Healthy Development, easy to operate, with wide popularization
Application prospect.
The inventive method reduces the farming number of times to Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, reduces fertilizer and pesticide amount of application, reduces N consumptions
32.3%, reduce P consumptions 36.29%, Pesticide use amount reduces 42.2%, and earth's surface float reduces 28.57%, rainwash total nitrogen and
Total phosphorus reduces 25.32% and 29.51% respectively, and underground aqueous suspension reduces 24.36%, and subsoil water total nitrogen and total phosphorus are reduced respectively
23.13% and 24.57%, on the basis of vintage stable yields is ensured, cost-effective 19.38%, per hectare income increased
16500 yuan, orchard widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area is controlled effectively.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting this
Bright scope.Unreceipted particular technique or condition person in embodiment, according to technology or condition described by document in the art
Or carry out according to product description.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are and can pass through to buy what is obtained
Conventional products.
In the present invention, each amount of nutrients of water soluble fertilizer is 218 kg/hm of N2、P2O5 172kg/hm2、K2O 150kg/hm2、
MgO 50kg/hm2、MnSO4 3kg/hm2, it is 1400kg/hm which applies total amount2。
The farm manure used by this specific embodiment is oneself self-control compost of peasant.
5% natural pyrethrin cream biogenic pesticide of cloud chrysanthemum, its effective ingredient are pyrethrin I and II, and it is right mainly to prevent
As if lepidopterous larvae, be usually used in fruit and vegerable, using method be medicament is diluted after sprayed.
0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion biogenic pesticide, its effective ingredient are 0.5% avilamycin, 0.3% nimbin, are led
Prevent to as if lepidopterous larvae, be usually used in fruit and vegerable, using method be medicament is diluted after sprayed；
The mass fraction of boron is 2.5% boron fertilizer；
64% antivirus consolidates wettable powder, and its effective ingredient is 8% Wakil, 56% Mancozeb, is mainly prevented to liking frost
The funguses such as mould section, white rust section and pythiaceae institute downy mildew etc., using method be medicament is diluted after sprayed；
50% thiram, its effective ingredient are thiram, and the scope of application is to the white rot of various fruit and vegerable and crop, epidemic disease, charcoal
Cellulitis disease has a preferably preventing and treating, using method be medicament is diluted after sprayed.
This specific embodiment provides only the proportioning of pesticide, and the pesticide for being used is common commercial products, and producer can be certainly
By selecting.In pesticide, " % " of the solid such as powder refers to weight/mass percentage composition；Pesticide refers to volume for " % " of liquid
Percentage composition.
Embodiment 1
Experiment place：Yunnan Province Kunming great Ban Qiao towns treasured is as river Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard.
A kind of pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, comprises the steps：
Step（1）, the field planting structure distribution in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard：
In Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, the spacing in the rows × line-spacing of wine-growing is 0.8m × 2.5m；In Fructus Vitis viniferae in the ranks central strip sowing planting a line
European Herba Cichorii, and the bunch planting ryegrass seed between Fructus Vitis viniferae and European Herba Cichorii, European Herba Cichorii spacing in the rows is 0.25m, European Herba Cichorii strain
With rye grass line-spacing 0.3m, rye grass spacing in the rows × line-spacing is 0.2m × 0.2m；Per mu of average sowing quantity is European Herba Cichorii 250g, black
Wheat straw 250g；
Step（2）, European Herba Cichorii, the cultivation management of rye grass：
Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard Central Europe continent Herba Cichorii and rye grass carry out 1-2 time manually cutting weeds in Seedling Stage；
In Growing season, rye grass plant height is cradled in more than 0.3m, is cradled every 30-45 days 1 time, and Growing season is cradled
3-4 time；In the rye grass cradled apart from 20-30cm outer coverings around grapevine trunk, in order to avoid affect vine trunk ground
Place's humidity is too high, causes pest and disease damage to grow；
When European Herba Cichorii plant height 0.58-0.62m, you can cradle, toothing 0.08-0.15m, the European Herba Cichorii of autumn sowing is from second
April to November in year cradles 8 times.
European Herba Cichorii under cradling can make vegetable or the edible feedstuff of domestic animal, poultry and fish；
Step（3）, the field management in orchard：It is 1400kg/ that in the field management in orchard, water soluble fertilizer applies total amount
hm2；
A. enter the upper base manure of October trench digging before the winter every year；
Fertilizer type：Fertilizer and water soluble fertilizer；Described fertilizer is farm manure
Dose：15000 kilograms of per hectare organic fertilizer, water soluble fertilizer amount of application are that water soluble fertilizer applies total amount
1/10；
The fertilizing method of fertilizer：Ditching-fertilizing, is ditching away from grapevine trunk 30cm, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth
30cm, is covered with soil after applying fertilizer；
It should be noted that problem be：Fertilizer must become thoroughly decomposed；
The fertilizing method of water soluble fertilizer：Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved in water, drip irrigation is carried out using 1000 times of liquid, is applied altogether
With once；
The beginning of the year starts winter pruning, and the branch cut, fallen leaves are covered in around grapevine trunk；Pruning completes it
Afterwards, full garden sprays 5% natural pyrethrin cream biogenic pesticides of Yun Ju, and consumption is 1500g/hm2；
B.4 moon early and middle ten dayses, Fructus Vitis viniferae start rudiment；Uninterruptedly start bud picking, healthy and strong, full plumelet of selecting and remain bundlees branch；Together
Shi Caiyong drip irrigation measures are irrigated, 1 450m of drip irrigation number of times3/hm2；
Late April, is rudiment, new slightly trophophase；Carry out foliage-spray and process 0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion biological source
Pesticide, consumption 1800g/hm2, the mass fraction for being affixed by boron is 2.5% boron fertilizer, consumption 500g/hm2, boron fertilizer is to increase seat
Fruit rate；And soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days are once, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is water solublity fertilizer
Material applies the 1/10 of total amount, carries out drip irrigation using 1000 times of liquid；
With the extraction of new branch, Suitable results branch group of selecting and remain ties up branch, and bud picking goes pair slightly；Late April drip irrigation 2 times, often
Secondary water consumption is 600m3/hm2；
C.5 in the first tenday period of a month moon, be to bloom, bear fruit the phase；The biogenic pesticide of 0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion of foliage-spray is carried out,
Consumption 1800g/hm2, and soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days are once, each water soluble fertilizer amount of application
The 1/10 of total amount is applied for water soluble fertilizer, drip irrigation is carried out using 1000 times of liquid, promote the steady fruit of Fructus Vitis viniferae and strong fruit；Fertilization time exists
After Xie Hua, work fruit；
In florescence, fringe shape is arranged, pinch secondary fringe and fringe point, except tendril；Suitable load capacity is determined according to tree vigo(u)r；Note after spending
Apical dominance is extractd, removal is secondary slightly；Drip irrigation 1 time is carried out simultaneously, water consumption is 300m3/hm2；
D.5 the last ten-days period moon are to early June, are grape berry trophophases, and Fructus Vitis viniferae starts bagging；And carried out using water soluble fertilizer
Twice, 10 days once for soil application, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is that water soluble fertilizer applies the 1/10 of total amount, uses 1000
Times liquid carries out drip irrigation, promote Fructus Vitis viniferae granule expand with it is with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion；Fertilization time be from the whole florescence to berry start coloring；
Drip irrigation 5 times, each water consumption are 600m3/hm2；
E.6 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, Fructus Vitis viniferae comes to the ripening period；Foliage-spray is carried out, Ji Quan gardens are general to apply 64% Sandofan wettable powder
With 50% thiram, it is 800g/hm that 64% antivirus consolidates the dose of wettable powder2, the dose of 50% thiram is 750g/hm2；
And soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days are once, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is applied for water soluble fertilizer
With the 1/10 of total amount, drip irrigation is carried out using 1000 times of liquid；Fertilization time：Start coloring to full maturity from berry；Drip irrigation 2 times,
Water consumption is 300 m every time3/hm2；
F.7 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, Fructus Vitis viniferae start maturation and pluck, and full garden is turned over once；Water soluble fertilizer is applied in 1 week after harvesting,
Water soluble fertilizer amount of application is that water soluble fertilizer applies the 1/10 of total amount, applies fertilizer altogether once, carries out drip irrigation using 1000 times of liquid,
Promote branch nutrient accumulation, be to get bumper crops next year to lay the first stone.
Peasant habit embodiment
Experiment place：Yunnan Province Kunming great Ban Qiao towns treasured is as river Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard.
Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard is routinely cultivated and is managed and protected, and without drip irrigation system, keeps clear and ploughs, do not interplant European Herba Cichorii and rye (Secale cereale L.)
Any plant such as grass, it is 11465 g/ hm to manage and protect the pesticide dosage in method2（For 1.72 of dosage quality in embodiment 1
Times）, fertilization mode spreads manuer in holes for vine stem portion.Fertilizer used is the conventional fertilizer of peasant, including carbamide, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, general calcium,
Potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium carbonate and manganese sulfate, are proportionally mixed（Wherein carbamide：The mass ratio of ammonium hydrogen carbonate is 1：1,
Potassium chloride：The mass ratio of potassium sulfate is 1：1）, except N and P2O5Outward, various kinds point ratio and consumption and water solublity after other nutrient mixing
Fertilizer ratio is identical.Increase 104kg/hm in the dose N amount ratio embodiment 1 of peasant habit embodiment2, P2O5Consumption increases
98 kg/hm2.In two examples, other nutrient consumptions are consistent.The dose that peasant commonly uses is more than the inventive method under normal circumstances
Dose.
Comparison of test results method：Take respectively the embodiment of the present invention 1 and the rainwash water in peasant habit embodiment and
Subsoil water, and the total nitrogen in water, total phosphorus and suspension content are measured as follows；And determine yield, including Fructus Vitis viniferae and Europe
The yield of Herba Cichorii.In water, determination of total nitrogen content method is that alkaline chitinase clears up ultraviolet spectrophotometry（GB HJ636-2012）；
In water, Method Measuring Total Quantity of Phosphorus is ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method（GB GB 11893-89）；Silt assay method is the survey of float
It is set to gravimetric method（GB GB11901-89）Determination of yield is produced by paid meter.
Obtain embodiment 1 and peasant habit embodiment test effect refers to table 1 below and table 2：
1 environmental benefit of table is contrasted
2 economic well-being of workers and staff of table is contrasted
Note：Price：200 yuan/kg of European chicory seed；40 yuan/kg of ryegrass seed；0.375 yuan of the European Herba Cichorii of results/
kg；7.5 yuan/kg of uva；2.0 yuan/kg of carbamide；0.6 yuan/kg of general calcium；3.0 yuan/kg of potassium chloride；2.8 yuan/kg of potassium sulfate；Carbon
Sour 0.55 yuan/kg of hydrogen ammonium；MgCO34.8 yuan/kg；MnSO42.0 yuan/kg.The 5% natural pyrethrin cream biological source agriculture of cloud chrysanthemum
300 yuan/kg of medicine；0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion 220 yuan/kg of biogenic pesticide；64% antivirus consolidates 80 yuan/kg of wettable powder；
50% 220 yuan/kg of thiram.
From upper Tables 1 and 2, on the basis of vintage stable yields is ensured, embodiment 1 is processed relative to peasant habit
Embodiment reduces fertilizer and pesticide amount of application, reduces N consumptions 32.3%, reduces P consumptions 36.29%, and chemical pesticide usage amount is reduced
42.2%, earth's surface float reduces 28.57%, and rainwash total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduce 25.32% and 29.51% respectively, ground low suspension
Thing reduces 24.36%, and subsoil water total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduce 23.13% and 24.57%, cost-effective 19.38% respectively, per hectare income
16500 yuan are increased, orchard widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area is controlled effectively.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. the pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in a kind of Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Step（1）, the field planting structure distribution in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard：
In Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard, the spacing in the rows × line-spacing of wine-growing is 0.8m × 2.5m；In Fructus Vitis viniferae, in the ranks central strip sowing planting a line is European
Herba Cichorii, and the bunch planting ryegrass seed between Fructus Vitis viniferae and European Herba Cichorii, European Herba Cichorii spacing in the rows is 0.25m, European Herba Cichorii strain and black
Wheat straw line-spacing 0.3m, rye grass spacing in the rows × line-spacing are 0.2m × 0.2m；
Step（2）, European Herba Cichorii, the cultivation management of rye grass：
Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard Central Europe continent Herba Cichorii and rye grass carry out 1-2 time manually cutting weeds in Seedling Stage；
In Growing season, rye grass plant height is cradled in more than 0.3m, is cradled every 30-45 days 1 time, and Growing season cradles 3-4
It is secondary；In the rye grass cradled apart from 20-30cm outer coverings around grapevine trunk；When European Herba Cichorii plant height 0.58-0.62m,
Can cradle, toothing 0.08-0.15m；
Step（3）, the field management in orchard：It is 1400kg/hm that in the field management in orchard, water soluble fertilizer applies total amount2；
A. enter the upper base manure of trench digging before the winter every year；
Fertilizer type：Fertilizer and water soluble fertilizer；
Dose：15000 kilograms of per hectare organic fertilizer, water soluble fertilizer amount of application are that water soluble fertilizer applies the 1/ of total amount
10；
The fertilizing method of fertilizer：Ditching-fertilizing, is ditching away from grapevine trunk 30cm, and furrow width 30cm, ditch depth 30cm are applied
Covered with soil after entering fertilizer；The fertilizing method of water soluble fertilizer：Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved in water, using 1000 times of liquid
Drip irrigation is carried out, is applied altogether once；
The beginning of the year starts winter pruning, and the branch cut, fallen leaves are covered in around grapevine trunk；After pruning is completed, entirely
Garden sprays 5% natural pyrethrin cream biogenic pesticides of Yun Ju, and consumption is 1500g/hm2；
B.4 moon early and middle ten dayses, Fructus Vitis viniferae start rudiment；Uninterruptedly start bud picking, healthy and strong, full plumelet of selecting and remain bundlees branch；Adopt simultaneously
Irrigated with drip irrigation measure, 1 450m of drip irrigation number of times3/hm2；
Late April, is rudiment, new slightly trophophase；Carry out foliage-spray and process 0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion biogenic pesticide,
Consumption 1800g/hm2, the mass fraction for being affixed by boron is 2.5% boron fertilizer, consumption 500g/hm2；And soil is carried out using water soluble fertilizer
Earth applies fertilizer twice, and 10 days once, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is that water soluble fertilizer applies the 1/10 of total amount, using 1000 times
Liquid carries out drip irrigation；With the extraction of new branch, Suitable results branch group of selecting and remain ties up branch, and bud picking goes pair slightly；Late April drip irrigation 2 times,
Water consumption is 600m every time3/hm2；
C.5 in the first tenday period of a month moon, be to bloom, bear fruit the phase；Carry out the biogenic pesticide of 0.8% AVM hereinafter nimbin emulsion of foliage-spray, consumption
1800g/hm2, and soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days are once, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is water
Soluble fertilizers apply the 1/10 of total amount, carry out drip irrigation using 1000 times of liquid；Fertilization time is after thanking to flower, fruit；
In florescence, fringe shape is arranged, pinch secondary fringe and fringe point, except tendril；Note extracing apical dominance after spending, removal is secondary slightly；Simultaneously
Drip irrigation 1 time is carried out, water consumption is 300m3/hm2；
D.5 the last ten-days period moon are to early June, are grape berry trophophases, and Fructus Vitis viniferae starts bagging；And soil is carried out using water soluble fertilizer
Twice, 10 days once for fertilising, and each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is that water soluble fertilizer applies the 1/10 of total amount, using 1000 times of liquid
Carry out drip irrigation；Fertilization time be from the whole florescence to berry start coloring；Drip irrigation 5 times, each water consumption are 600m3/hm2；
E.6 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, Fructus Vitis viniferae comes to the ripening period；Carry out foliage-spray, Ji Quan gardens are general apply 64% antivirus consolidate wettable powder with
50% thiram, it is 800g/hm that 64% antivirus consolidates the dose of wettable powder2, the dose of 50% thiram is 750g/hm2；And
Soil application is carried out twice using water soluble fertilizer, 10 days once, each water soluble fertilizer amount of application is applied for water soluble fertilizer
The 1/10 of total amount, carries out drip irrigation using 1000 times of liquid；Fertilization time：Start coloring to full maturity from berry；Drip irrigation 2 times, often
Secondary water consumption is 300 m3/hm2；
F.7 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, Fructus Vitis viniferae start maturation and pluck, and full garden is turned over once；Water soluble fertilizer is applied in 1 week after harvesting, it is water-soluble
Property rate of fertilizer be water soluble fertilizer apply total amount 1/10, apply fertilizer altogether once, carry out drip irrigation using 1000 times of liquid.
2. the pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）In
Per mu of average sowing quantity is European Herba Cichorii 250g, rye grass 250g.
3. the pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Europe of autumn sowing
Herba Cichorii cradles 8 times from Second Year April to November.
4. the pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
（3）On the trench digging of middle step A, the time of base manure is October.
5. the pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in Fructus Vitis viniferae orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）In
Described fertilizer is farm manure.
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| CN106879349A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-23 | 合肥慧谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of grape interplants the implantation methods of wheat |
| CN107371529B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2020-04-07 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for reducing and controlling non-point source pollution of cherry blossom nursery |
| CN107771603B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-07-17 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Classified comprehensive prevention and control method for urban agricultural non-point source pollution |
| CN108353721A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-03 | 杨大华 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of grape of interplanting vetch |
| CN108834775B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2021-03-26 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for interplanting vetch and mint and performing water and fertilizer circulation to reduce and control grapery non-point source pollution |
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