CN104704957A - Sweet potato germination-promoting and seedling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sweet potato germination-promoting and seedling method. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) seed pretreatment; (2) culture matrix preparation; (3) nutritional fertilizer preparation; (4) sowing; (5) transplanting and field planting. In the provided method, the seed is processed in advance, the nutrients of culture matrix are reasonably compounded and can be absorbed by the crops rapidly, and moreover, the matrix contains a plurality of bioactive substances and antibiotics, which can kill the insects directly. The germination rate of sweet potato is increased, the fertilizer has the advantages of lasting fertilizing effect, air permeability, water permeability, and water-retaining property, and the method has the advantages of cost saving, simpleness, practicality, and easy promotion.

Description

A kind of sweet potato vernalization and seedling-cultivating method

Technical field

The invention belongs to seedling growing process field, be specifically related to a kind of sweet potato vernalization and seedling-cultivating method.

Background technology

Pachyrhizus is rich in carotin, after carotin is absorbed by the body, can be converted into vitamin A.Vitamin A can maintain normal visual performance.The A that is deficient in vitamin is a serious health problem, and Chinese's ubiquity " potential hunger ", namely lacks various micronutrient, and the people of 55% is deficient in vitamin A, and edible white pachyrhizus then can avoid vitamine A deficiency.Institute's fibre-bearing is equivalent to 10 times of rice and flour, its quality is fine and smooth, do not hinder stomach, can peristalsis of the digest tract be accelerated, contribute to defecation, cleaning digestive tract, shorten the holdup time of noxious material in enteron aisle in food, reduce the human body autointoxication caused because of constipation, reduce enteron aisle carcinogen concentration, prevention hemorrhoid and colorectal cancer.Cellulose can absorb a part of glucose simultaneously, sugar content in blood is reduced, contributes to preventing diabetes.

Pachyrhizus contains abundant mucus protein; this is a kind of polysaccharide and protein mixture; special protective effect is had to human body; digestive tract, respiratory tract, articular cavity, the lubrication in film chamber and the elasticity of blood vessel can be kept; the arteriosclerosis caused because this material can prevent material from depositing on ductus arteriosus wall; the atrophy of liver and kidney and other organs connective tissue can be prevented, can reducing human organ aging, improve body immunity.

The matrix that what existing nursery mainly adopted is is main matter with the peat composed of rotten mosses or peat, there is the higher problem of soluble-salt content, because in matrix fertilizer, soluble-salt too high levels not only may form reverse osmotic pressure, moisture in seedlings root is cemented out, cause plant seedlings tip of a root browning or dry up, plant root is impaired, cannot absorb moisture and nutrition, makes the symptoms such as wilting, yellow, necrosis appear in seedling or plant is short and small; And soluble-salt too high levels also can increase by the Probability of the microbial root rot of pythium rot in matrix fertilizer, reduce the rate of growth of seedling.

Wormcast is that earthworm eats after organic matter, through the effect of digestive system, forms the wormcast of the granular structure that soda acid is neutral, space is large; The wormcast of this granular structure mixes the rear matrix fertilizer formed with perlite, the water-soluble content of the fertile Mineral Elements of matrix and trace element is high, easily absorb by the root system of plant, be applicable to the growth of seedling, and the disease resistance of seedling can be improved, and the problem that there will not be soluble-salt content higher, seedling medium and producing of nutrient solution serve Some substitute effect, in the process of growth of sweet potato, there is the element that can promote tobacco seedling growth, the growing way of sweet potato, root length, quantity etc. can be made to increase all to some extent.Therefore select suitable matrix and nutrient solution significant for the volume increase of sweet potato.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of sweet potato vernalization and seedling-cultivating method, can reach organic raising seedling standard, and organic seedling raising matrix soluble content is low, improves germination rate and germination index, the seedling-cultivating method that growing way is good.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A kind of sweet potato vernalization and seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:

(1) seed pre-treatment: seed was preserved for 3 week under the low temperature of 3-5 DEG C, puts into clear water and soak 6-7h, make water content reach more than 70%, then soak 4-6min with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.6-0.8%;

(2) prepare seedling medium: get wormcast 25-35 part, turfy soil 8-12 part, natural pond slag 20-25 part, perlite 15-20 part according to volume proportion, the chicken manure 20-25 part become thoroughly decomposed, Homogeneous phase mixing forms seedling medium;

(3) nutrition fertilizer processed: according to 667m ²get barnyard manure 100kg, two ammonium 12-14kg, ammonium phosphate 20-25kg and urea 15-18kg to mix, for subsequent use;

(4) sow: organic seedling raising matrix is put into cultivated areas, fills and leads up compacting, according to 667m ²be sown into seed;

(5) transplant planting: treat that sweet potato seedling long band Tu Tuo transplants, use sufficient nutrition fertilizer before transplanting, every other week once, pour water and make moisture reach more than 65%.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

Reasonably combined by the nutrient component such as Seeds preprocess and matrix in the present invention, improve the germination rate of sweet potato own, matrix is selected from the abundant nutriment needed for crop, nutrient is complete, fertilizer efficiency soon, easily absorbed by crops, have direct killing action containing multiple biological active matter, the insect pest of antibiotic to crop that contain.Containing each dvielements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in nutrition fertilizer, nutrient is comprehensive, and have good lasting fertility, air capacity of soils, drainage and moisture capacity, the method is cost-saving, simple, is easy to promote.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A kind of sweet potato vernalization and seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:

(1) seed pre-treatment: seed was preserved for 3 week under the low temperature of 5 DEG C, puts into clear water and soak 6h, make water content reach more than 70%, then soak 6min with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.6%;

(2) prepare seedling medium: get wormcast 25 parts, turfy soil 10 parts, natural pond slag 20 parts, perlite 18 parts according to volume proportion, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed 20 parts, Homogeneous phase mixing forms seedling medium;

(3) nutrition fertilizer processed: according to 667m ²get barnyard manure 100kg, two ammonium 12kg, ammonium phosphate 22kg and urea 16kg to mix, for subsequent use;

(4) sow: organic seedling raising matrix is put into cultivated areas, fills and leads up compacting, according to 667m ²be sown into seed;

(5) transplant planting: treat that sweet potato seedling long band Tu Tuo transplants, use sufficient nutrition fertilizer before transplanting, every other week once, pour water and make moisture reach more than 65%.

Embodiment 2

A kind of sweet potato vernalization and seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:

(1) seed pre-treatment: seed was preserved for 3 week under the low temperature of 5 DEG C, puts into clear water and soak 7h, make water content reach more than 70%, then soak 4min with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.8%;

(2) prepare seedling medium: get wormcast 30 parts, turfy soil 12 parts, natural pond slag 25 parts, perlite 18 parts according to volume proportion, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed 23 parts, Homogeneous phase mixing forms seedling medium;

(3) nutrition fertilizer processed: according to 667m ²get barnyard manure 100kg, two ammonium 14kg, ammonium phosphate 22kg and urea 16kg to mix, for subsequent use;

(4) sow: organic seedling raising matrix is put into cultivated areas, fills and leads up compacting, according to 667m ²be sown into seed;

(5) transplant planting: treat that sweet potato seedling long band Tu Tuo transplants, use sufficient nutrition fertilizer before transplanting, every other week once, pour water and make moisture reach more than 65%.

Claims (1)

1. sweet potato vernalization and a seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:

(1) seed pre-treatment: seed was preserved for 3 week under the low temperature of 3-5 DEG C, puts into clear water and soak 6-7h, make water content reach more than 70%, then soak 4-6min with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.6-0.8%;

(2) prepare seedling medium: get wormcast 25-35 part, turfy soil 8-12 part, natural pond slag 20-25 part, perlite 15-20 part according to volume proportion, the chicken manure 20-25 part become thoroughly decomposed, Homogeneous phase mixing forms seedling medium;

(3) nutrition fertilizer processed: according to 667m ²get barnyard manure 100kg, two ammonium 12-14kg, ammonium phosphate 20-25kg and urea 15-18kg to mix, for subsequent use;

(4) sow: organic seedling raising matrix is put into cultivated areas, fills and leads up compacting, according to 667m ²be sown into seed;

(5) transplant planting: treat that sweet potato seedling long band Tu Tuo transplants, use sufficient nutrition fertilizer before transplanting, every other week once, pour water and make moisture reach more than 65%.