CN104685053B - Pcsk9肽疫苗 - Google Patents
Pcsk9肽疫苗 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104685053B CN104685053B CN201380040051.0A CN201380040051A CN104685053B CN 104685053 B CN104685053 B CN 104685053B CN 201380040051 A CN201380040051 A CN 201380040051A CN 104685053 B CN104685053 B CN 104685053B
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Abstract
本发明涉及能在体内诱导针对PCSK9的抗体形成的疫苗。
Description
本发明涉及能在体内诱导针对PCSK9的抗体形成的疫苗。
本发明涉及新肽,其能影响蛋白质原转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/Kexin 9(Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9,PCSK9)-介导的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)受体(LDLR)的降解。所述的肽偶联于免疫原性载体配制成用于预防和/或治疗高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,动脉粥样硬化引起的PCSK9-相关的病症的疫苗。
心血管疾病(CVD)是世界范围内导致死亡的主要原因之一。高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,高血压和动脉粥样硬化之类的因素与这些疾病有关联。在流行病学综合研究中表明,血清胆固醇水平和CVD发生之间正相关。高LDL胆固醇(LDLc)水平构成高心血管风险,并且与升高的动脉粥样硬化风险直接相关。
LDLR,主要是肝LDLR,是从血浆中去除LDLc的主要途径。循环中的LDLc结合于LDLR,所形成的复合物通过网格蛋白-介导的胞吞作用(clathrin-mediated endocytosis)内化。随后,LDLc被降解,而LDLR循环返回细胞表面。
PCSK9是分泌型丝氨酸蛋白酶,其与LDLR结合并促进其降解。在2003年发现了与常染色体显性高胆固醇血症(ADH)相关的第三基因座。PCSK9的“功能获得突变”(“Gain offunction mutations”,GOF)增强其与LDLR的相互作用,导致LDLR水平降低和明显较高的LDLc水平。因此,GOF与高胆固醇血症以及动脉粥样硬化倾向有关。相反,“功能丧失突变”(“Loss of function mutations”,LOF)导致LDLR水平升高和LDLc急剧减少,冠心病(CHD)风险随之减小。人PCSK9主要在肝脏,肠和肾脏中表达。其作为~72kDa的蛋白质合成出来,进行自催化切割,之后以~65kDa成熟蛋白质形式分泌。
循环PCSK9与LDLR的EGF-A结构域特异性结合。所述的复合物通过胞吞作用内化,而不是LDLR再循环返回细胞表面,从而,LDLR在溶酶体中降解。PCSK9-LDLR相互作用的净效果是可用于从血浆中清除LDLc的LDLR减少,表明PCSK9作为LDLR以至于LDLc代谢的调节物的重要性。
若干种动物研究证实PCSK9作为LDLc水平调节物的重要功能。在小鼠中腺病毒过表达PCSK9引起显著的循环LDLc增加。相反,与野生型动物相比,PCSK9-/-小鼠显示LDLR水平提高了2.8倍,LDLc减少至~50%。GOF和LOF突变指示PCSK9在调节人LDL代谢的重要作用,使得PCSK9成为引人关注的药物干预靶标。值得注意的是,PCSK9中LOF人杂合体似乎是健康的并具有正常的寿命。而且,有报道称,一位具有极低LDLc(14–34mg/dl)水平的31岁的健康非洲裔美国母亲是在PCSK9中具有两个失活突变的复合杂合体且无循环PCSK9。
临床前和临床试验检测出了若干种降低循环PCSK9,或抑制其与LDLR相互作用的化合物(如单克隆抗体,反义-寡核苷酸或自催化抑制剂)。尽管PCSK9在胞内和胞外皆作用于LDLR,靶定循环PCSK9是LDLc降低治疗学的重要途径。小鼠中的异种共生实验(Parabiosis experiments)以及重组蛋白质的施用已表明胞外PCSK9足以减少肝LDLR的数量。更重要地,利用PCSK9-特异性单克隆抗体(mAbs)的人临床实验研究结果表明,靶定PCSK9能有效且安全地减少LDLc。此外,最近成功地完成了评估靶定PCSK9安全性和效力的若干临床实验。
WO 2012/059573 A1和WO 2011/027257 A2公开了作为疫苗的PCSK9多肽片段。Li等,(Rec.Pat.DNA&Gene Seq.3(2009),201-212)和Wierzbicki等,(Exp.Op.Invest.Drugs21(2012),667-676)报道了关于抑制PCSK9用于治疗高脂血症近期发展。
综上,PCSK9是LDLR乃至于LDLc水平的主要调节物。尽管抑制素代表胆固醇调控的第一线干预,对于某些受试者抑制素不足以或不适合实现所述目标。而且,发现PCSK9被抑制素上调,抵消它们的药效。因此,鉴定出另外的或替代性的控制LDLc水平的药物疗法非常重要。预期PCSK9抑制作为单药物治疗降低血浆LDLc,而且加强抑制素或其他物质(诸如例如纤维酸类(fibrates)或烟酸)降低胆固醇的效力。
本发明的目的在于提供在个体中降低LDLc的手段和方法。这一目的可通过提供被称作模拟表位的、模拟各天然序列的肽来实现。此种模拟表位能诱导特异性结合人PCSK9的抗体,并抑制PCSK9-介导的LDLR降解。
因此,本发明涉及疫苗,疫苗组合物,或是包含至少一种由9到25个氨基酸残基组成的、具有氨基酸序列X1X2X3WX4X5X6RX7(X8)m(X9)n(SEQ ID No.1)的肽的组合物,其中
X1是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自丝氨酸,苏氨酸,缬氨酸和丙氨酸,
X2是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自异亮氨酸,缬氨酸,甘氨酸,谷胺酰胺和丙氨酸,更优选异亮氨酸,缬氨酸,谷胺酰胺和丙氨酸,
X3是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自脯氨酸,苏氨酸,丙氨酸和缬氨酸,优选脯氨酸,
X4是选自天冬酰胺,丝氨酸,丙氨酸,谷胺酰胺和天冬氨酸的氨基酸残基,
X5是选自亮氨酸,甘氨酸,丙氨酸,酪氨酸,天冬氨酸,苯丙氨酸和缬氨酸的氨基酸残基,优选亮氨酸,
X6是选自亲水的带负电的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地是选自谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的氨基酸残基,
X7是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自异亮氨酸,亮氨酸,丙氨酸和苏氨酸,
X8是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,所述不带电荷的氨基酸残基选自苏氨酸,亮氨酸,谷胺酰胺,丙氨酸和丝氨酸,
X9是X10X11X12或其C-末端截短的片段,所述片段由1或2个氨基酸残基组成,
X10是任意氨基酸残基,优选地选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基,优选地选自脯氨酸,丙氨酸和丝氨酸,
X11是任意氨基酸残基,优选地选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基,优选地选自脯氨酸,丙氨酸,缬氨酸,苏氨酸和天冬酰胺,
X12是任意氨基酸残基,优选地选自精氨酸,丙氨酸,赖氨酸,丝氨酸和亮氨酸的氨基酸残基,
m是0或1
n是0或1,和
SEQ ID No.1不是SIPWNLERITPPR或其C-末端截短的片段,
其中,所述的至少一种肽与药学上可接受的载体偶联或融合。
用本发明的肽接种个体,导致与PCSK9结合的多克隆抗体的产生。此类抗体能够与LDLR结合竞争。结果,肝LDLR水平升高,血浆LDLc和总胆固醇降低。因此,施用本发明的疫苗可以治疗或预防由高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和/或动脉粥样硬化引起的疾病。
本发明的肽被称作模拟表位。模拟表位具有不同于衍生该模拟表位的原始蛋白质/肽序列氨基酸序列。这些模拟表位被免疫系统认作外来物,因此无需破坏自体-耐受。
本发明的肽是具有氨基酸序列SIPWNLERITPPR(SEQ ID No.2)且由9到25个氨基酸残基组成,优选由9到24,9到23,9到22,9到21,9到20,9到19,9到18,9到17,9到16,9到15,9到14,9到13,9到12,9到11,9到10或9个氨基酸残基组成,更优选由9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24或25个氨基酸残基组成的PCSK9片段的变体(氨基酸交换和可选择的截短)。结果,意外地,在SEQ ID No.2第4位色氨酸残基和SEQ ID No.2第8位精氨酸残基的修饰(例如,突变)导致形成不能充分结合PCKS9的抗体。本发明的新肽序列(尤其是如果其与免疫原性载体偶联和/或配制成疫苗)能诱导形成针对PCSK9的抗体,因而有益地修饰所述PCSK9-介导的LDLR降解,由此降低血浆LDLc水平。与天然PCSK9序列,甚至与WO2012/059573 A1和WO 2011/027257 A2中所公开的那些相比,本发明所定义的肽还令人惊讶地达到降低总胆固醇水平的优异结果。在本申请的实施例部分利用代表性的动物模型进一步说明。由此,特别优选地提供9到13个氨基酸残基长度的SEQ ID No.1的肽(即,其中不存在X12,且其中m=1;或者其中m=0,X10是脯氨酸,丙氨酸和丝氨酸,且X11是脯氨酸,丙氨酸,缬氨酸,苏氨酸和天冬酰胺,且X12是精氨酸,丙氨酸,赖氨酸,丝氨酸和亮氨酸)。
由于本发明涉及具有氨基酸序列SIPWNLERITPPR(SEQ ID No.2)的PCSK9片段的特定变体,这一原始序列及其全部C-末端截短的片段被排除于本发明的SEQ.ID No.1的定义内。这清楚地表明原始序列SIPWNLERITPPR或其C-末端片段化的形式,如具有氨基酸序列SIPWNLERITPP,SIPWNLERITP,SIPWNLERIT,或SIPWNLERI(全部通过C-末端氨基酸的缺失衍生自SEQ ID No.2)的肽的全部形式均被排除在根据本发明SEQ ID NO.1的肽的定义之外。因此,还清楚表明这些C-末端截短的肽被排除作为天然肽、通过或不通过接头与底物偶联的肽、带有接头,如化学接头或Cys-接头等的肽,尤其是假如此类肽被作为疫苗提供当然也被排除。
本发明的疫苗可包含至少1种,至少2种,至少3种,至少4种,至少5种或至少10种如本申请所定义的具有氨基酸序列SEQ ID No.1的肽。由此,所述的疫苗可能包含本申请所公开的两种或以上的肽的组合。但是,也可能,本发明的疫苗包含一种或以上如本申请所定义的根据SEQ ID No.1的肽,其次还包含其他肽,如模拟表位(即,PCSK9片段的突变体)或PCSK9的片段(参见例如WO 2011/027257)。尤其优选的PCSK9的片段是SIPWNLERITPPRYRADEYQPPDGGSLVEV的片段,具体而言,SIPWNLERIT,SIPWNLERI,SIPWNLERITPPR,SIPWNLERITPP或SIPWNLERITP。
本发明的肽可以通过本领域公知的方法化学合成。当然,也可以利用重组的方法生产本发明的肽。所述的肽可以在微生物,如细菌,酵母或真菌,在真核细胞,如哺乳动物或昆虫细胞,或重组病毒载体如腺病毒,痘病毒,疱疹病毒,Simliki森林病毒,杆状病毒,噬菌体,辛德毕斯病毒或仙台病毒中生产。适合用于生产所述肽的细菌包括大肠杆菌(E.coli),枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis),或能够表达此类肽的任何其他细菌。适合于表达本发明的肽的酵母细胞包括酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae),粟酒裂殖酵母(Schizosaccharomyces pombe),假丝酵母(Candida),巴斯德毕赤氏酵母(Pichiapastoris)或能表达肽的任何其他酵母。相应的手段和方法是本领域已知的。用于分离和纯化重组生产的肽的方法也是本领域公知的,包括凝胶过滤,亲和层析,离子交换层析等。
为了便于分离本发明的肽,可以制备融合肽,其中所述的肽以融合(共价连接)于能通过亲和层析分离的异源多肽的形式翻译出来。典型的异源多肽是His-Tag(例如His6;6组氨酸残基),GST-Tag(谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶)等。所述的融合多肽不仅有利于所述肽的纯化,还可以防止所述肽在纯化步骤中降解。如果需要在融合多肽纯化后去除异源多肽,可以在所述肽和异源多肽的连接处包含切割位点。所述切割位点可由被特异于该位点的酶(例如蛋白酶)切割的氨基酸序列组成。
本发明的疫苗和肽可施用于包括人在内的任何哺乳动物。但优选对人施用本发明的疫苗和肽。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,X1是缬氨酸,丝氨酸,苏氨酸或丙氨酸,优选缬氨酸。
根据本发明更优选的具体实施方案,X2是缬氨酸,丙氨酸,异亮氨酸或谷胺酰胺,优选缬氨酸。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,X3是脯氨酸,苏氨酸,丙氨酸或缬氨酸。
优选地,SEQ ID No.1的X4是丝氨酸或天冬酰胺,优选丝氨酸。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,X6是谷氨酸。
优选地,X7是亮氨酸,异亮氨酸或苏氨酸,优选苏氨酸。
优选地,X8是谷胺酰胺,苏氨酸或亮氨酸。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,X1X2X3选自TIP,VIP,AIP,SVP,SQP,SAP,SGP,SIT,SIA,SIV和VQP。
根据本发明更优选的具体实施方案,X4X5X6选自SLE,ALE,QLE,DLE,NAE,NGE,NYE,NDE,NFE,NVE和NLD。
X7(X8)m,m为1,优选地选自LT,TT,AT,IL,IQ,IA,IS,TL,LQ和LL。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,X9选自PPR,PP,P,APR,SPR,PAR,PVR,PTR,PNR,PPA,PPK,PPS和PPL。
根据本发明尤其优选的具体实施方案,所述的至少一种肽选自TIPWNLERIT,TIPWNLERITPPR,VIPWNLERIT,VIPWNLERITPPR,AIPWNLERIT,AIPWNLERITPPR,SVPWNLERIT,SVPWNLERITPPR,SQPWNLERIT,SQPWNLERITPPR,SAPWNLERIT,SAPWNLERITPPR,SGPWNLERITPPR,SGPWNLERIT,SITWNLERIT,SITWNLERITPPR,SIAWNLERIT,SIAWNLERITPPR,SIVWNLERITPPR,SIVWNLERIT,SIPWSLERIT,SIPWSLERITPPR,SIPWALERIT,SIPWALERITPPR,SIPWQLERITPPR,SIPWQLERIT,SIPWDLERITPPR,SIPWDLERIT,SIPWNAERIT,SIPWNAERITPPR,SIPWNGERIT,SIPWNGERITPPR,SIPWNYERIT,SIPWNYERITPPR,SIPWNDERIT,SIPWNDERITPPR,SIPWNFERITPPR,SIPWNVERITPPR,SIPWNLDRITPPR,SIPWNFERIT,SIPWNVERIT,SIPWNLDRIT,SIPWNLERLT,SIPWNLERLTPPR,SIPWNLERTT,SIPWNLERTTPPR,SIPWNLERAT,SIPWNLERATPPR,SIPWNLERIL,SIPWNLERILPPR,SIPWNLERIQ,SIPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWNLERIA,SIPWNLERIAPPR,SIPWNLERISPPR,SIPWNLERIS,SIPWNLERITAPR,SIPWNLERITSPR,SIPWNLERITPAR,SIPWNLERITPVR,SIPWNLERITPTR,SIPWNLERITPNR,SIPWNLERITPPA,SIPWNLERITPPK,SIPWNLERITPPS,SIPWNLERITPPL,VIPWNLERLT,VIPWNLERLTPPR,VIPWNLERTT,VIPWNLERTTPPR,VIPWNLERIL,VIPWNLERILPPR,VIPWNLERIQ,VIPWNLERIQPPR,SVPWNLERLT,SVPWNLERLTPPR,SVPWNLERTT,SVPWNLERTTPPR,SVPWNLERIL,SVPWNLERILPPR,SVPWNLERIQ,SVPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWSLERTTPPR,SQPWNLERLT,SQPWNLERLTPPR,SQPWNLERIL,SQPWNLERILPPR,SQPWNLERIQ,SQPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWSLERLT,SIPWSLERLTPPR,SIPWSLERTT,SIPWSLERIL,SIPWSLERILPPR,SIPWSLERIQ,SIPWSLERIQPPR,VQPWSLERTL,VQPWSLERTLPPR,SQPWSLERTL,SQPWSLERTLPPR,VQPWNLERLQ,VQPWNLERLQPPR,VQPWSLERLL,VQPWSLERLLPPR,SVPWSLERLT和SVPWSLERLTPPR。
根据本发明尤其优选的具体实施方案,包含于本发明的疫苗中的、所述的至少一种肽选自SIPWSLERIT,SIPWSLERITPPR,SIPWSLERTTPPR,VIPWNLERILPPR,SVPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWSLERTT,SIPWSLERLT,SIPWSLERLTPPR,SIPWSLERIQ,SIPWSLERIQPPR,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ。
表A:氨基酸残基
氨基酸 | 三字母密码 | 单字母密码 |
丙氨酸 | ala | A |
精氨酸 | arg | R |
天冬酰胺 | asn | N |
天冬氨酸 | asp | D |
半胱氨酸 | cys | C |
谷氨酸 | glu | E |
谷胺酰胺 | gln | Q |
甘氨酸 | gly | G |
组氨酸 | his | H |
异亮氨酸 | ile | I |
亮氨酸 | leu | L |
赖氨酸 | lys | K |
甲硫氨酸 | met | M |
苯丙氨酸 | phe | F |
脯氨酸 | pro | P |
丝氨酸 | ser | S |
苏氨酸 | thr | T |
色氨酸 | trp | W |
酪氨酸 | tyr | Y |
缬氨酸 | val | V |
根据尤其优选的具体实施方案,包含于本发明的疫苗中的至少一种肽(SEQ IDNo.1),在其N-和/或C-末端包含与其直接或通过间隔序列连接的至少1个半胱氨酸残基。
这一半胱氨酸残基可以作为反应基团,用于使所述肽结合于另一分子或载体。例如,这一基团可以用于将所述的肽结合于载体蛋白。该半胱氨酸残基可以直接或通过间隔序列与本发明的肽结合。优选地间隔序列包含至少一个,优选至少两个,更优选至少三个,更加优选至少四个,可选择地最多十个,优选最少五个非极性的氨基酸残基,如甘氨酸。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,所述载体选自匙孔血蓝蛋白(KLH),CRM(优选CRM197),破伤风类毒素(TT),白喉毒素(DT),蛋白质D或包含辅助T-细胞表位的任何其他的蛋白质或肽。
根据本发明的肽偶联于或融合于药学上可接受的载体,更优选KLH(KeyholeLimpet Hemocyanin),CRM,破伤风类毒素,白蛋白-结合蛋白,牛血清白蛋白,树状聚体,肽接头(或侧翼区),以及Singh等,(Singh等,Nat.Biotech.17,(1999):1075-1081(具体而言所述文献表1中的那些)),O'Hagan等,(O'Hagan和Valiante,Nature Reviews,DrugDiscovery 2(9);(2003):727-735(具体而言,其中描述的内源性免疫-强化化合物和递送系统))中所述的佐剂物质,或其混合物。本申请中的共轭化学(conjugation chemistry)(例如通过异双功能化合物,如GMBS,当然还有如“Bioconjugate Techniques”,GregT.Hermanson所述的其他选择)可选自本领域技术人员已知的反应。
作为替代地,也可以通过本领域已知的方法,将本发明的至少一种肽与蛋白质载体融合。此类蛋白质包含本申请所描述的肽以及无关于免疫原性的蛋白质。优选地,所述的免疫原性蛋白质能诱发回忆应答(inducing a recall response)。这种蛋白质的示例包括破伤风,肺结核,肝炎蛋白质和蛋白质D,革兰氏-阴性细菌流感嗜血杆菌表面蛋白(WO 91/18926)。优选地,使用蛋白质D衍生物,其包含所述蛋白质的大约前三分之一(例如,N-末端前100-110个氨基酸),其可能是脂质化的(lipidated)。另一种可用于制备融合蛋白质的载体可以是已知被称作LYTA的蛋白质,或其部分(优选C-末端部分)。LYTA衍生自肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae),其合成N-乙酰-L-丙氨酸酰胺酶,已知称作酰胺酶LYTA(由LytA基因编码;Gene 43;(1986):265-292)。LYTA是一种自溶素,其特异性地降解肽聚糖骨架中的某些键。在优选的具体实施方案中,LYTA的重复部分可参入到融合蛋白中。发现的重复部分在C-末端区域起始于第178位残基。特别优选的重复部分参入残基188-305。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,所述的肽与佐剂一起配制,更优选吸附于氢氧化铝。
本发明的疫苗可与佐剂,优选低可溶铝组合物(a low soluble aluminumcomposition),尤其是氢氧化铝,一起配制。当然,也可以使用MF59,磷酸铝,磷酸钙,细胞因子(例如IL-2,IL-12,GM-CSF),皂苷(例如QS21),MDP衍生物,CpG寡核苷酸,LPS,MPL,聚磷腈(polyphosphazenes),乳剂(例如Freund's,SAF),脂质体,病毒体,免疫刺激复合物(iscoms),螺旋体(cochleates),PLG微颗粒,泊洛沙姆颗粒(poloxamer particles),病毒样颗粒,热敏感性肠毒素(heat-labile enterotoxin,LT),霍乱毒素(CT),突变体毒素(例如LTK63和LTR72),微颗粒和/或多聚脂质体,之类的佐剂。
合适的佐剂可通过商业途径获得,例如,AS01B,AS02A,AS15,AS-2及其衍生物(GlaxoSmithKline,Philadelphia,PA);CWS,TDM,Leif,铝盐,如氢氧化铝凝胶(alum)或磷酸铝;钙、铁或锌盐;酰化酪氨酸的不溶性悬浮液;酰化的糖;阳离子化或阴离子化的多糖衍生物(cationically or anionically derivatized polysaccharides);聚磷腈;可生物降解的微球;单磷酰基脂质A(monophosphoryl lipid A)和quil A。细胞因子,如GM-CSF或白介素-2,-7或-12也可以用作佐剂。
优选的用于诱发优势(predominantly)Th1-型应答的佐剂包括,例如单磷酰基脂质A,优选3-O-脱酰基单磷酰基脂质A(3D-MPL),任选地与铝盐的组合(参见例如,Ribi等,Immunology and Immunopharmacology of Bacterial Endotoxins,Plenum Publ.Corp.,NY,(1986):407-419;GB 2122204B;GB 2220211;和US 4,912,094)。优选的3D-MP形式是乳剂,其具有直径小于0.2mm大小的小颗粒,WO 94/21292中公开了其制备方法。WO98/43670中公开了包含单磷酰基脂质A和表面活性剂的含水配制剂(Aqueous formulations)。示例性的优选佐剂包括AS01B(脂质体配制剂中的MPL和QS21),脂质体配制剂中的3D-MPL和QS21,AS02A(MPL和QS21和水-包-油乳剂),3D-MPL和QS21以及水-包-油乳剂和AS15。MPL佐剂在例如US 4,436,727;US 4,877,611;US 4,866,034和US 4,912,094中公开。
含CpG的寡核苷酸(其中的CpG二核苷酸是未甲基化的)也诱导优势Th1应答。CpG是存在于DNA中的胞嘧啶-鸟嘌呤核苷二核苷酸基序的缩写。这种寡核苷酸是公知的,并在例如WO 96/02555,WO 99/33488,US 6,008,200和US 5,856,462中描述。例如Sato等,Science273;(1996):352中也描述了免疫刺激DNA序列。在将CpG配制到疫苗中时,通常与游离抗原(free antigen)一起在游离溶液(free solution)中施用(WO 96/02555;McCluskie和Davis,supra),或共价地共轭连接于抗原(WO 98/16247),或与诸如氢氧化铝((肝炎表面抗原)Davis等,supra;Brazolot-Millan等,PNAS USA,95(26),(1998):15553-8)之类的载体一起配制。本领域已知CpG作为佐剂可以通过全身以及粘膜途径施用(WO 96/02555,EP 0468 520,Davis等,J.lmmunol,160(2),(1998):870-876;McCluskie and Davis,J.Immunol.,161(9),(1998):4463-6)。
另一种优选的佐剂是皂苷或皂苷模拟物或衍生物,优选QS21(AquilaBiopharmaceuticals Inc.),其可单独使用或与其他佐剂结合使用。例如,增强的系统包括单磷酰基脂质A和皂苷衍生物的组合,如WO94/00153中所描述的QS21和3D-MP的组合,或如WO 96/33739中所描述的反应原性较低的组合物(less reactogenic composition)其中的QS21与胆固醇淬灭(quenched)。其他的优选配制剂包含水-包-油乳剂和生育酚。WO 95/17210中描述了在水-包-油乳剂中包含QS21,3D-MPL和生育酚的尤其强力的(potent)佐剂配制剂。本发明所使用的另外的皂苷佐剂包括QS7(描述于WO 96/33739和WO 96/11711中)和QS17(描述于US 5,057,540和EP 0 362 279 B1中)。
其他优选的佐剂包括Montanide ISA 720(Seppic,France),SAF(Chiron,California,United States),ISCOMS(CSL),MF-59(Chiron),SBAS系列的佐剂(例如,SBAS-2,AS2',AS2,SBAS-4,或SBAS6可由GlaxoSmithKline获得),Detox(Corixa),RC-529(Corixa,Hamilton,MT)以及其他氨基-烷基氨基葡糖苷磷酸盐(amino-alkylglucosaminide 4-phosphates,AGPs)。另外的佐剂示例包括合成的MPL和基于志贺菌毒素B亚基的佐剂(参见WO2005/112991)。尤其优选应用氢氧化铝作为佐剂。
本发明的疫苗可以皮下地,肌内地,皮内地(intradermally),静脉内地(参见例如“Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formula-tions”,Sarfaraz Niazi,CRCPress Inc,2004)的方式施用。根据施用途径,所述的药物可包含相应的载体,佐剂和/或赋形剂。
包含本发明的肽和药学上可接受的载体的疫苗可通过任意合适的方式,例如皮内地(i.d.),腹膜内地(i.p.),肌内地(i.m.),鼻内地,经口地,皮下地(s.c.)方式等等,以及任意的递送设备应用(O'Hagan等,Nature Reviews,Drug Discovery 2(9),(2003),727-735)。优选地,将本发明的肽配制成用于皮内、皮下或肌内施用。获得各制剂的手段和方法是本领域普通技术人员已知的(参见例如“Handbook of Pharmaceutical ManufacturingFormulations”,Sarfaraz Niazi,CRC Press Inc,2004)。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,所述疫苗用于治疗和/或预防高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和/或动脉粥样硬化引起的病症,优选哺乳动物中的,优选人中的心血管疾病,中风或外周血管疾病。
如所概括的,本发明的肽可以诱导形成能特异性结合PCSK9的抗体。抗体和PCSK9的相互作用导致体内肝脏肝细胞中的低密度脂蛋白受体增加,升高了血浆胆固醇摄入,接下来血浆LDL胆固醇以及由此总体胆固醇水平降低。
与动脉粥样硬化相关的疾病,优选地选自外周动脉堵塞性疾病,冠心病,脑中风发作(apoplectic cerebral insultus)和中风。
术语“高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和/或动脉粥样硬化相关的疾病”和“高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和/或动脉粥样硬化引起的病症”指高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和动脉粥样硬化造成的后续疾病。这些疾病包括外周动脉堵塞性疾病,冠心病和脑中风发作(参见例如Steinberg,D.J Lipid Res 46(2005):179-190和Steinberg,D.J Lipid Res 47(2006):1339-1351)等。
根据本发明优选的具体实施方案,本发明的肽以每次免疫0.1ng到10mg,优选0.5到500μg,更优选1到100μg的量施用于哺乳动物或个体(a mammal or an individual)。在优选的具体实施方案中,这些量指疫苗中存在的全部肽(如果一种以上的肽用于疫苗)的量。在另外的优选具体实施方案中,这些量指疫苗中存在的每个单一的片段。当然可以提供一种疫苗,其中,所述的肽以不同或相同的量存在。但是,可以作为替代地,以0.1ng到10mg,优选10ng到1mg,尤其是100ng到300μg/kg体重的量,将本发明的肽施用于哺乳动物或个体。
所述量的肽可与载体物质结合形成单一剂量形式,其根据被治疗的宿主以及具体地施用模式而变化。疫苗的剂量根据下述因素而有所不同,例如哺乳动物或个体的疾病状态、年龄、性别和体重,以及抗体的能力,以便在所述个体中诱发所需应答。可以调节剂量方案(Dosage regime)以提供最佳的治疗应答。例如,可以每天施用几个分配开的剂量,或根据治疗形式的迫切情况(exigencies)所指示的,按比例减少所述剂量。根据相应的环境所述疫苗的剂量也可以变化,以提供最佳预防剂量效果(preventative dose response)。举例而言,所述的肽和本发明的疫苗可以根据针对PCSK9的抗体水平,间隔几天、一或两周、数月或数年,施用于个体。
在本发明的优选的具体实施方案中,所述的肽/疫苗应用2到10次,优选2到7次,更加优选最多5次,最优选最多4次。这一免疫数量可引起基础免疫(basic immunisation)。在特别优选的具体实施方案中,后续免疫接种的时间间隔可选在2周到5年之间,优选1个月到最多3年之间,更优选2个月到1.5年之间。示例性的免疫接种时间表可以包含在6到8周,最多6个月的时间段中进行3到4次初次免疫接种。此后,可每2到10年重复免疫接种。重复施用本发明的肽/疫苗可使得治疗性免疫接种的最终效果最佳化。
本发明的疫苗也可以包含涉及人体内LDL和/或HDL水平调节的其他蛋白质所衍生的抗原。举例而言,本发明的PCSK9片段可以与由人CETP蛋白衍生的表位相结合。本发明的疫苗也可以包含PCSK9蛋白的不同表位衍生的抗原。
典型地,所述疫苗包含本发明的肽0.5到500μg,优选1到100μg,以及替代性地,0.1ng到10mg,优选10ng到1mg,尤其是100ng到100μg,或者,替代性地100fmol到10μmol,优选10pmol到1μmol,尤其是100pmol到100nmol。典型地,所述疫苗亦可以包含辅助性物质,例如缓冲液,稳定剂等。
本发明的又一方面涉及治疗罹患、或处于罹患动脉粥样硬化或动脉粥样硬化相关疾病风险之下的个体的方法,在治疗过程中对所述个体施用本发明的肽或疫苗。
本发明的疫苗之外,待治疗的个体还可以接受已知影响人或哺乳动物中LDL和/或HDL水平的其他活性成分,如抑制素,纤维,烟酸,胆固醇摄取抑制剂(例如怡妥锭(ezetimibe)),ApoA1Milano,去脂化的(delipidated)HDL,植物甾醇。尤其优选向个体连同(即同时或接连地)施用本发明的疫苗和抑制素。本发明的疫苗也可以与LDL采集术(apheresis)之类的方法结合使用。LDL采集术是从血流中清除含胆固醇颗粒的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的一种采集术。典型地,LDL采集术引导静脉血流经被抗体包被的柱子所述抗体是针对脱脂载脂蛋白B(LDL颗粒的主要蛋白质)、硫酸葡聚糖(dextran sulfate)或聚丙烯酸酯的抗体,或者在低pH下利用肝素沉淀LDL。相应的方法是本领域普通技术人员已知的。
本申请中所用的术语“预防”,不仅涵盖预防疾病的发生,如减少风险因子,还包括一旦疾病发生阻止病情恶化以及减轻病症。
本申请中所用的术语“治疗”,或其等同词语包括改善和/或逆转疾病症状。在本发明的筛选方法中使用时,使得与疾病相关的任意参数症状得以改善的化合物可以因此鉴定为治疗性化合物。术语“治疗”指治疗方法(therapeutic treatment)和预防方法(prophylactic)或预防措施。例如,可能得益于本发明的组合物和方法的治疗的那些对象包括已经患有疾病和/或病症的、以及有待预防(例如,应用本发明的预防治疗方法)疾病和/或病症的对象。
本发明的另一方面涉及如上定义的、由氨基酸序列X1X2X3WX4X5X6RX7(X8)m(X9)n(SEQID No.1)组成的肽。
通过下述的具体实施方案,附图和实施例进一步阐述本发明,但是所述的具体实施方案,附图和实施例不是对本发明的限制。
具体实施方案:
1.疫苗,其包含至少一种由9到25个氨基酸残基组成的、具有氨基酸序列X1X2X3WX4X5X6RX7(X8)m(X9)n,(SEQIDNo.1)的肽,其中,
X1是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自丝氨酸,苏氨酸,缬氨酸和丙氨酸,
X2是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自异亮氨酸,缬氨酸,甘氨酸,谷胺酰胺和丙氨酸,更优选异亮氨酸,缬氨酸,谷胺酰胺和丙氨酸,
X3是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自脯氨酸,苏氨酸,丙氨酸和缬氨酸,优选脯氨酸,
X4是选自天冬酰胺,丝氨酸,丙氨酸,谷胺酰胺和天冬氨酸的氨基酸残基,
X5是选自亮氨酸,甘氨酸,丙氨酸,酪氨酸,天冬氨酸,苯丙氨酸和缬氨酸的氨基酸残基,优选亮氨酸,
X6是选自亲水的带负电的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地是选自谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的氨基酸残基,
X7是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,优选地选自异亮氨酸,亮氨酸,丙氨酸和苏氨酸,
X8是选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基,所述不带电荷的氨基酸残基选自苏氨酸,亮氨酸,谷胺酰胺,丙氨酸和丝氨酸,
X9是X10X11X12或其C-末端截短的片段,所述片段由1或2个氨基酸残基组成,
X10是任意氨基酸残基,优选地选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基,优选地选自脯氨酸,丙氨酸和丝氨酸,
X11是任意氨基酸残基,优选地选自不带电荷的氨基酸残基,优选地选自脯氨酸,丙氨酸,缬氨酸,苏氨酸和天冬酰胺,
X12是任意氨基酸残基,优选地选自精氨酸,丙氨酸,赖氨酸,丝氨酸和亮氨酸的氨基酸残基,
m是0或1
n是0或1,和
SEQIDNo.1不是SIPWNLERITPPR或其C-末端截短的片段,
其中,所述的至少一种肽与药学上可接受的载体偶联或融合。
2.具体实施方案1的疫苗,其中X1是缬氨酸,丝氨酸或丙氨酸,优选地是缬氨酸。
3.具体实施方案1或2的疫苗,其中X2是缬氨酸,异亮氨酸或谷胺酰胺,优选缬氨酸。
4.具体实施方案1-3任一项的疫苗,其中X3是脯氨酸,苏氨酸,丙氨酸或缬氨酸。
5.具体实施方案1-4任一项的疫苗,其中X4是丝氨酸或天冬酰胺,优选丝氨酸。
6.具体实施方案1-5任一项的疫苗,其中X6是谷氨酸。
7.具体实施方案1-6任一项的疫苗,其中X7是亮氨酸,异亮氨酸或苏氨酸,优选苏氨酸。
8.具体实施方案1-7任一项的疫苗,其中X8是谷胺酰胺,苏氨酸或亮氨酸。
9.具体实施方案1-8任一项的疫苗,其中X1X2X3选自TIP,VIP,AIP,SVP,SQP,SAP,SGP,SIT,SIA,SIV和VQP。
10.具体实施方案1-9任一项的疫苗,其中X4X5X6选自SLE,ALE,QLE,DLE,NAE,NGE,NYE,NDE,NFE,NVE和NLD。
11.具体实施方案1-10任一项的疫苗,其中X7(X8)m,m为1,选自LT,TT,AT,IL,IQ,IA,IS,TL,LQ和LL。
12.具体实施方案1-11任一项的疫苗,其中X9选自PPR,PP,P,APR,SPR,PAR,PVR,PTR,PNR,PPA,PPK,PPS和PPL。
13.具体实施方案1-12任一项的疫苗,其中所述的至少一种肽选自TIPWNLERIT,TIPWNLERITPPR,VIPWNLERIT,VIPWNLERITPPR,AIPWNLERIT,AIPWNLERITPPR,SVPWNLERIT,SVPWNLERITPPR,SQPWNLERIT,SQPWNLERITPPR,SAPWNLERIT,SAPWNLERITPPR,SGPWNLERITPPR,SGPWNLERIT,SITWNLERIT,SITWNLERITPPR,SIAWNLERIT,SIAWNLERITPPR,SIVWNLERITPPR,SIVWNLERIT,SIPWSLERIT,SIPWSLERITPPR,SIPWALERIT,SIPWALERITPPR,SIPWQLERITPPR,SIPWQLERIT,SIPWDLERITPPR,SIPWDLERIT,SIPWNAERIT,SIPWNAERITPPR,SIPWNGERIT,SIPWNGERITPPR,SIPWNYERIT,SIPWNYERITPPR,SIPWNDERIT,SIPWNDERITPPR,SIPWNFERITPPR,SIPWNVERITPPR,SIPWNLDRITPPR,SIPWNFERIT,SIPWNVERIT,SIPWNLDRIT,SIPWNLERLT,SIPWNLERLTPPR,SIPWNLERTT,SIPWNLERTTPPR,SIPWNLERAT,SIPWNLERATPPR,SIPWNLERIL,SIPWNLERILPPR,SIPWNLERIQ,SIPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWNLERIA,SIPWNLERIAPPR,SIPWNLERISPPR,SIPWNLERIS,SIPWNLERITAPR,SIPWNLERITSPR,SIPWNLERITPAR,SIPWNLERITPVR,SIPWNLERITPTR,SIPWNLERITPNR,SIPWNLERITPPA,SIPWNLERITPPK,SIPWNLERITPPS,SIPWNLERITPPL,VIPWNLERLT,VIPWNLERLTPPR,VIPWNLERTT,VIPWNLERTTPPR,VIPWNLERIL,VIPWNLERILPPR,VIPWNLERIQ,VIPWNLERIQPPR,SVPWNLERLT,SVPWNLERLTPPR,SVPWNLERTT,SVPWNLERTTPPR,SVPWNLERIL,SVPWNLERILPPR,SVPWNLERIQ,SVPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWSLERTTPPR,SQPWNLERLT,SQPWNLERLTPPR,SQPWNLERIL,SQPWNLERILPPR,SQPWNLERIQ,SQPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWSLERLT,SIPWSLERLTPPR,SIPWSLERTT,SIPWSLERIL,SIPWSLERILPPR,SIPWSLERIQ,SIPWSLERIQPPR,VQPWSLERTL,VQPWSLERTLPPR,SQPWSLERTL,SQPWSLERTLPPR,VQPWNLERLQ,VQPWNLERLQPPR,VQPWSLERLL,VQPWSLERLLPPR,SVPWSLERLT和SVPWSLERLTPPR。
14.具体实施方案1-13任一项的疫苗,其中所述的至少一种肽选自SIPWSLERIT,SIPWSLERITPPR,SIPWSLERTTPPR,VIPWNLERILPPR,SVPWNLERIQPPR,SIPWSLERTT,SIPWSLERLT,SIPWSLERLTPPR,SIPWSLERIQ,SIPWSLERIQPPR,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ。
15.具体实施方案1-14任一项的疫苗,其中所述的至少一种肽在其N-和/或C-末端包含至少一个、与其直接或通过间隔序列相连的半胱氨酸残基。
16.具体实施方案1-15任一项的疫苗,其中所述药学上可接受的载体是蛋白质载体。
17.具体实施方案16的疫苗,其中,所述的蛋白质载体选自匙孔血蓝蛋白(KLH),破伤风类毒素(TT),蛋白质D或白喉毒素(DT),更优选突变的白喉毒素,优选CRM197。
18.具体实施方案1-17任一项的疫苗,其中,所述的化合物与佐剂一起配制,优选吸附于铝胶(Alhydrogel)。
19.具体实施方案1-8任一项的疫苗用于治疗和/或预防由高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和/或动脉粥样硬化引起的病症,优选心血管疾病,中风或外周血管疾病的方法。
20.由具体实施方案1-15任一项所定义的氨基酸序列X1X2X3WX4X5X6RX7(X8)m(X9)n(SEQIDNo.1)组成的肽。
图1结合ELISA
图1显示通过含特异于人PCSK9 aa 153-162或aa 153-165的多克隆抗体的鼠血清对PCSK9模拟表位序列的检测。
A)含单个交换的模拟表位
B)多重交换的模拟表位
所述图表显示与无关的阴性对照相比,来自全部模拟表位的中值滴度(mediantiters)。原始的人PCSK9序列作为阳性对照包括:aa153-162或aa 153-165。滴度值高于1:50.000的模拟表位被认为是优良的候选物。
图2竞争ELISA
图2显示PCSK9模拟表位与原始PCSK9序列(aa153-162或aa153-165)竞争结合鼠血清中产生的特异性针对原始PCSK9序列的多克隆抗体的能力。
全部的模拟表位与阴性对照组(无关的肽0%竞争)相比较。使用所述原始PCSK9序列(aa 153-162或aa 153-165)作为每一ELISA的阳性对照。
A)含单个交换的模拟表位
B)多重交换的模拟表位
所述图表显示模拟表位与原始PCSK9序列(aa153-162或aa153-165)竞争结合所培养的针对原始PCSK9序列的多克隆抗体的能力(百分比)。
具有超过20%的竞争能力的模拟表位被认为是良好的候选物。
图3蛋白质ELISA
图3显示通过所示序列诱导的针对人PCSK9蛋白质的中值滴度(n=5只鼠/组)的比较。所述的数据揭示出所述模拟表位诱导抗体与人PCSK9蛋白交叉反应的能力。用无关的肽培养的抗体不识别所述蛋白质。
图4总胆固醇(%与对照组相比)
图4显示与用无关的肽免疫的对照组相比,用模拟表位免疫的小鼠的平均(n=5只小鼠/组)总胆固醇水平。所述数据揭示模拟表位实质上降低小鼠中高达约30%总胆固醇水平的能力。
图5免疫接种后总胆固醇(TC)水平
图5显示用原始PCSK9序列SIPWNLERIT和新序列SIPWSLERIT免疫接种后的总胆固醇(TC)水平(直接比较)。
图6免疫后的总胆固醇(TC)水平
图6显示用含新序列SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ的疫苗免疫后的总胆固醇(TC)水平。
实施例:
材料和方法
疫苗:
通过异双功能接头GMBS,4-马来酰亚安基丁酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯(4-Maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester)将肽共轭连接于KLH,(匙孔血蓝蛋白)。
动物实验:
5只Balb/c小鼠经皮下免疫。小鼠自由地摄取食物和水,处于12h光/暗循环环境之下。在实验开始时小鼠为8到10周龄。
用偶联于KLH且吸附于作为佐剂的铝胶(Alhydrogel)上的15μg净肽(netpeptide),总体积1ml,以2周的间隔注射小鼠4次。
在最后一次注射后大约2周采集血液。
竞争ELISA:
20μg每一种所示的肽与来自用原始的PCSK9序列(aa153-162或aa 153-165:SEQID No.2)注射的小鼠的血清一起培养。然后,所述的血清在用原始的PCSK9序列(aa 153-162或aa 153-165:SEQ ID No.2)包被的ELISA板上培养。用抗-鼠IgG抗体进行检测,用ABTS作为显色底物,在405nm下测定光密度(OD)。
使得来自血清的多克隆抗体与包被在ELISA板上的原始的人PCSK9表位(aa 153-162或153-165:SEQ ID No.3)的结合减少>20%的模拟表位被认为是竞争性的模拟表位,并且是良好的候选物。
结合ELISA:
模拟表位以1μmol/mL的浓度包被在ELISA板上。封闭了非特异性结合(1%BSA于PBS中)之后,添加注射了原始的人PCSK9序列aa153-162或aa153-165(SEQ ID No.3)的小鼠的血清的适当稀释物,培养约1小时。接下来,用抗-鼠IgG抗体进行检测。ABTS用作底物。在405nm下测定OD,以达到50%ODmax血清的稀释度定义滴度。
蛋白质ELISA:
为了确定疫苗的免疫原性,ELISA板用重组表达的人PCSK9蛋白包被。通过与封闭缓冲液(1%BSA于PBS中)一起培养,封闭非特异性结合。适合的血清稀释物加入到孔中,1:2倍系列稀释并培养约1小时。通过与抗-鼠IgG抗体一起培养检测结合抗体,ABTS用作底物,在405nm下测定OD。分析来自用无关的肽注射的对照组的阴性对照血清。以在所述分析中达到50%ODmax血清的稀释度定义滴度。
总胆固醇分析:
用LabAssayTM胆固醇试剂盒(Wako)测定总胆固醇。
结果
实施例1:以下为序列,以及针对原始的人PCSK9序列(参见图1A和图1B)中值抗体滴度,和与阴性对照组(参见图2A和图2B)相比,所述模拟表位的竞争能力(百分比)的列表。为了有利于所述肽偶联于KLH,所述的肽可以在其C-末端包含半胱氨酸残基作为接头。
实施例2:本发明肽的出人意料的效果
在进一步的实验中,对用本发明的肽疫苗免疫所培养的抗体的功能性进行了研究。在本实验中,与用含原始的PCSK9序列(SIPWNLERIT)和阴性对照的疫苗免疫接种所培养的抗体相比,用含新序列(SEQ ID No.21SIPWSLERIT,SEQ ID No.55VIPWNLERIL和SEQ IDNo.60SVPWNLERIQ)的疫苗免疫培养的抗体具有明显的高功能性,以上全部的序列与相同的载体KLH相偶联(图5和图6)。
为了这一目的,用偶联于KLH并与佐剂(Alum)一起配制作为疫苗的、经HPLC纯化的肽,免疫小鼠。在第一次实验中,在原始的PCSK9序列和新序列SIPWSLERIT之间进行直接比较。该实验中,用作为阴性对照组的无关的肽疫苗(无关的肽-KLH/Alum),原始的PCSK9序列疫苗(SIPWNLERIT-KLH/Alum)和新序列疫苗(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum),免疫的小鼠。后一组(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum)不仅用于将其诱导的抗体的功能性与用原始的PCSK9序列疫苗(SIPWNLERIT-KLH/Alum)产生的抗体的功能性相比较,也作为不同实验之间的桥梁组(bridging group)。如其所示,与阴性对照组相比,原始的PCSK9序列疫苗(SIPWNLERIT-KLH/Alum)和新肽疫苗(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum),这两种疫苗均能强烈的降低总胆固醇的水平(图5a和5b)。但有意思的是,用新肽序列疫苗(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum)免疫接种后,小鼠不仅显示出比阴性对照组明显减少的总胆固醇,实际上与用含原始的PCSK9序列SIPWNLERIT的疫苗注射的组相比,也明显地减少总胆固醇(图5a和图5b)。
接下来,进行了第二个实验,其中用无关的肽免疫的小鼠作为阴性对照组,全部的三种新序列SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ,全部偶联于KLH,配制成疫苗。如上所述,用新序列(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum)免疫的小鼠作为不同实验之间的桥梁组。事实上,用新序列(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum)注射的所述的桥梁组,在两实验中表现类似(图5a,5b,6a和6b),最重要的是,用含序列SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL或SVPWNLERIQ之一的疫苗免疫的全部三个组,就降低血浆总胆固醇水平而言,表现得极为相似(图6a和图6b)。
由此,这些数据确认了本发明的疫苗的显著效力,尤其是含序列SEQ IDNo.21SIPWSLERIT,SEQ ID No.55VIPWNLERIL和SEQ ID No.60SVPWNLERIQ的肽疫苗诱导功能抗体,不仅与无关的阴性对照组相比,能强烈地降低血浆TC的水平,而且与含原始的PCSK9序列(SIPWNLERIT-KLH/Alum)的疫苗相比,显著的减少总胆固醇的水平。
图5a显示,与用含原始的PCSK9序列SIPWNLERIT的疫苗以及含无关的(阴性)对照组(SEQ ID No.2ERTKSDPGAQHREF)的疫苗相比,用含新序列SIPWSLERIT的疫苗免疫后,以mg/dl表示的血浆平均值。从图中清晰可见,一方面,与用含原始的PCSK9序列SIPWNLERIT的疫苗相比,另一方面,与阴性对照组相比,用含新序列SIPWSLERIT的疫苗免疫的组中的TC水平显著降低。图5b提供与无关的(阴性)对照组相比,所述组TC减少的百分比(%decrease)。特别值得注意的是,与无关的阴性对照组相比,用原始的PCSK9序列(SIPWNLERIT-KLH/Alum)免疫接种后TC减少了~20%,而用新序列(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum)免疫接种后TC水平强有力地降低高达35-40%。
图6a显示与(阴性)对照组(SEQ ID No.2ERTKSDPGAQHREF)相比,用含新序列SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ的疫苗免疫后以mg/dl表示的血浆平均值。从改图中清晰可见,与阴性对照组相比,用新序列免疫的三个组的TC水平非常显著地下降。图6b提供与无关的(阴性)对照组相比,用SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ注射的所述组TC减少的百分比。特别值得注意的是,用三种新序列(SIPWSLERIT-KLH/Alum)免疫接种后,TC水平强有力地降低高达40%。事实上,用含新序列SIPWSLERIT(实验间的桥梁组)的疫苗免疫的组在两个实验中表现类似(参见图5a和5b),证实了,与含原始的PCSK9序列SIPWNLERIT的疫苗相比,用含新序列SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ的疫苗免疫所产生的抗体显著高的功能性。
由这些数据清晰可见,本发明的疫苗,尤其是包含序列SEQ ID No.21SIPWSLERIT,SEQ ID No.55 VIPWNLERIL和SEQ ID No.60SVPWNLERIQ的疫苗,与现有技术中已有的疫苗相比,显示出出人意料且令人惊讶的有益效果。
Claims (20)
1.疫苗,其包含与药学上可接受的载体偶联或融合的至少一种肽,其中所述至少一种肽选自SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL和SVPWNLERIQ。
2.权利要求1的疫苗,其中所述至少一种肽是SIPWSLERIT。
3.权利要求1的疫苗,其中所述至少一种肽是VIPWNLERIL。
4.权利要求1的疫苗,其中所述至少一种肽是SVPWNLERIQ。
5.权利要求1-4中任一项的疫苗,其中所述至少一种肽在其N-和/或C-末端包含至少一个、与其直接或通过间隔序列相连的半胱氨酸残基。
6.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述药学上可接受的载体是蛋白质载体。
7.权利要求6的疫苗,其中所述蛋白质载体选自匙孔血蓝蛋白(KLH),破伤风类毒素(TT),蛋白质D或白喉毒素(DT)。
8.权利要求7的疫苗,其中所述蛋白质载体是突变的白喉毒素。
9.权利要求7的疫苗,其中所述蛋白质载体是CRM197。
10.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述至少一种肽与佐剂一起配制。
11.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述至少一种肽吸附于铝胶(Alhydrogel)。
12.权利要求5的疫苗,其用于治疗和/或预防由高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和/或动脉粥样硬化引起的病症的方法中。
13.权利要求5的疫苗,其用于治疗和/或预防心血管疾病的方法中。
14.权利要求5的疫苗,其用于治疗和/或预防中风的方法中。
15.权利要求5的疫苗,其用于治疗和/或预防外周血管疾病的方法中。
16.选自SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL或SVPWNLERIQ的至少一种肽在制备疫苗中的用途,所述疫苗用于治疗和/或预防由高脂血症,高胆固醇血症,和/或动脉粥样硬化引起的病症。
17.权利要求16的用途,其中所述疫苗用于治疗和/或预防心血管疾病。
18.权利要求16的用途,其中所述疫苗用于治疗和/或预防中风。
19.权利要求16的用途,其中所述疫苗用于治疗和/或预防外周血管疾病。
20.肽,其由SIPWSLERIT,VIPWNLERIL或SVPWNLERIQ的氨基酸序列组成。
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CN106822881A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-06-13 | 四川大学 | 一种针对pcsk9的抗高血脂蛋白疫苗 |
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CN114672476A (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-06-28 | 复旦大学附属中山医院 | 人pcsk9蛋白的优势构象表位及其应用 |
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