CN104674583A - 生产化学机械浆的方法 - Google Patents
生产化学机械浆的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104674583A CN104674583A CN201510047854.XA CN201510047854A CN104674583A CN 104674583 A CN104674583 A CN 104674583A CN 201510047854 A CN201510047854 A CN 201510047854A CN 104674583 A CN104674583 A CN 104674583A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wood chip
- impregnation
- wood
- maceration extract
- pulp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 sulfite compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009955 starching Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 38
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 20
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000168036 Populus alba Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 102100031260 Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase THEM4 Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 101000638510 Homo sapiens Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase THEM4 Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000218978 Populus deltoides Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000004923 Populus tremuloides Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000011263 Populus tremuloides Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000003932 Betula Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000219429 Betula Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000008124 Picea excelsa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000219430 Betula pendula Species 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000218976 Populus trichocarpa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013558 reference substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PDBXHPORMXSXKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-benzyl-7-[2-[ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-1,3-dimethylpurine-2,6-dione;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.N=1C=2N(C)C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C=2N(CCN(CCO)CC)C=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 PDBXHPORMXSXKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000274847 Betula papyrifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009109 Betula pendula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001520764 Betula pubescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000351396 Picea asperata Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000193463 Picea excelsa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000161288 Populus candicans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000202951 Populus grandidentata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000768229 Populus heterophylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001278099 Populus maximowiczii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218982 Populus nigra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000204900 Talipariti tiliaceum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000062949 Tremula Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001284 acidic polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004805 acidic polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003464 cuspid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009401 outcrossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/06—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with alkaline reacting compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
- D21B1/021—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means by chemical means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/14—Disintegrating in mills
- D21B1/16—Disintegrating in mills in the presence of chemical agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/10—Physical methods for facilitating impregnation
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/02—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20051251 | 2005-12-02 | ||
FI20051251A FI126694B (sv) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Kemimekanisk massa och förfarande för framställning av kemimekanisk massa |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNA2006800451546A Division CN101341288A (zh) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-12-01 | 生产化学机械浆的方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN104674583A true CN104674583A (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
Family
ID=35510621
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNA2006800451546A Pending CN101341288A (zh) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-12-01 | 生产化学机械浆的方法 |
CN201510047854.XA Pending CN104674583A (zh) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-12-01 | 生产化学机械浆的方法 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNA2006800451546A Pending CN101341288A (zh) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-12-01 | 生产化学机械浆的方法 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4823317B2 (sv) |
CN (2) | CN101341288A (sv) |
AR (1) | AR058265A1 (sv) |
AU (1) | AU2006319052B2 (sv) |
BR (1) | BRPI0619143B1 (sv) |
CA (1) | CA2631767C (sv) |
FI (1) | FI126694B (sv) |
RU (1) | RU2401350C2 (sv) |
SE (1) | SE534004C2 (sv) |
UY (1) | UY29982A1 (sv) |
WO (1) | WO2007063171A1 (sv) |
ZA (1) | ZA200804758B (sv) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8262851B2 (en) | 2006-08-10 | 2012-09-11 | Andritz Inc. | Processes and systems for the pulping of lignocellulosic materials |
US20090038767A1 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-12 | Andritz Inc. | Method and System for Semi-Chemical Pulping |
US8282773B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2012-10-09 | Andritz Inc. | Method and system to enhance fiber development by addition of treatment agent during mechanical pulping |
US20100263813A1 (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-21 | Andritz Inc. | Green liquor pretreatment of lignocellulosic material |
RU2493000C2 (ru) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-09-20 | Роман Александрович Веселовский | Модификатор лигноцеллюлозных материалов и способ изготовления композитных изделий из лигноцеллюлозных материалов |
CN102493249B (zh) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-08-14 | 天津科技大学 | 一种提高马尾松漂白热磨机械浆松厚度并降低废液污染负荷的漂白方法 |
CN104594089B (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 金东纸业(江苏)股份有限公司 | 化机浆的制备方法及装置 |
CN104695260B (zh) * | 2015-02-15 | 2016-06-15 | 李风志 | 一种离解改性植物纤维清洁制浆工艺 |
CN104846678B (zh) * | 2015-05-08 | 2017-10-24 | 白博 | 一种全棉秸秆化机浆的色素分解和色素提取生产工艺 |
CN105133408A (zh) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-09 | 安庆市新宜纸业有限公司 | 一种纸浆的生产工艺 |
EP3333313B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-10-16 | Valmet AB | Method for treating biomass and device for treating biomass |
EP3333312B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-09-18 | Valmet AB | Method and system for treating biomass |
EP3333311B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-09-25 | Valmet AB | Method for impregnating biomass and device for impregnating biomass |
BR112021007859A2 (pt) | 2018-10-24 | 2022-02-22 | Ifg Tech Llc | Processos, métodos e sistemas para explosão celular químico-mecânica e produtos sólidos e líquidos produzidos pelos mesmos |
CN111549552B (zh) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-06-14 | 广西大学 | 一种废水碱回收循环利用的高得率化学机械浆制浆方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0194981A2 (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1986-09-17 | Göran Bengtsson | A method of manufacturing bleached chemimechanical and semichemical fibre pulp by means of a one-stage impregnation process |
WO1988003581A1 (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1988-05-19 | Sunds Defibrator Aktiebolag | Method of making mechanical pulp |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3795574A (en) * | 1971-07-27 | 1974-03-05 | Int Paper Canada | Impregnation of wood with a formaldehyde free alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide at a ph between 12.4 and 13 |
SE436368B (sv) * | 1979-01-12 | 1984-12-03 | Sunds Defibrator | Sett att framstella blekta, mekaniska, kemimekaniska och halvkemiska massor av lignocellulosahaltiga fibermaterial |
JPS56148987A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1981-11-18 | Modookemechitsukusu Ab | Purification of cellulose pulp |
CA1240456A (en) * | 1983-10-20 | 1988-08-16 | Kamyr, Inc. | Mechanical pulping |
NZ211684A (en) * | 1985-04-04 | 1989-07-27 | Caxton Paper Ltd | Manufacture of cellulose pulp: second digestion step follows initial digestion and refining steps |
US5002635A (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1991-03-26 | Scott Paper Company | Method for producing pulp using pre-treatment with stabilizers and refining |
US4743338A (en) * | 1986-05-19 | 1988-05-10 | Kamyr, Inc. | Method of removing air from lignocellulosic material by passing the material through conduit paths of different diameters |
CA1230208A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1987-12-15 | Bohuslav V. Kokta | Process for preparing pulp for paper making |
CA2069984C (fr) * | 1992-05-29 | 1999-03-09 | Roland Gilbert | Methode d'extraction de preservatifs chimiques du bois par detente a la pression atmospherique |
BR0008237B1 (pt) * | 1999-02-15 | 2010-12-28 | processo substancialmente livre de enxofre para a produção de polpa quìmica a partir de material lignocelulósico e a recuperação de substáncias quìmicas usadas no citado processo. | |
CA2318027C (en) * | 1999-09-13 | 2008-07-08 | Andritz-Ahlstrom Inc. | Treating pulp with yield or strength-enhancing additive |
-
2005
- 2005-12-02 FI FI20051251A patent/FI126694B/sv active IP Right Grant
-
2006
- 2006-11-30 UY UY29982A patent/UY29982A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2006-12-01 CN CNA2006800451546A patent/CN101341288A/zh active Pending
- 2006-12-01 AU AU2006319052A patent/AU2006319052B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-12-01 CA CA2631767A patent/CA2631767C/en active Active
- 2006-12-01 JP JP2008542785A patent/JP4823317B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-01 SE SE0801296A patent/SE534004C2/sv unknown
- 2006-12-01 CN CN201510047854.XA patent/CN104674583A/zh active Pending
- 2006-12-01 BR BRPI0619143-6A patent/BRPI0619143B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2006-12-01 RU RU2008125038/12A patent/RU2401350C2/ru active
- 2006-12-01 AR ARP060105313A patent/AR058265A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2006-12-01 WO PCT/FI2006/000399 patent/WO2007063171A1/en active Application Filing
-
2008
- 2008-06-02 ZA ZA200804758A patent/ZA200804758B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0194981A2 (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1986-09-17 | Göran Bengtsson | A method of manufacturing bleached chemimechanical and semichemical fibre pulp by means of a one-stage impregnation process |
WO1988003581A1 (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1988-05-19 | Sunds Defibrator Aktiebolag | Method of making mechanical pulp |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0619143B1 (pt) | 2017-10-24 |
RU2401350C2 (ru) | 2010-10-10 |
AU2006319052B2 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
FI20051251A (sv) | 2007-06-03 |
SE534004C2 (sv) | 2011-03-29 |
CN101341288A (zh) | 2009-01-07 |
JP2009517560A (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
BRPI0619143A2 (pt) | 2011-09-13 |
ZA200804758B (en) | 2009-09-30 |
FI126694B (sv) | 2017-04-13 |
FI20051251A0 (sv) | 2005-12-02 |
AU2006319052A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
CA2631767C (en) | 2014-08-26 |
WO2007063171A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
JP4823317B2 (ja) | 2011-11-24 |
CA2631767A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
AR058265A1 (es) | 2008-01-30 |
UY29982A1 (es) | 2007-06-29 |
RU2008125038A (ru) | 2010-01-10 |
SE0801296L (sv) | 2008-08-22 |
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