CN104663340A - Cultivation method for quickening earing and flowering of paddy rice - Google Patents
Cultivation method for quickening earing and flowering of paddy rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN104663340A CN104663340A CN201510130650.2A CN201510130650A CN104663340A CN 104663340 A CN104663340 A CN 104663340A CN 201510130650 A CN201510130650 A CN 201510130650A CN 104663340 A CN104663340 A CN 104663340A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for quickening earing and flowering of paddy rice. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting soil meeting the following conditions as a seedling raising medium: in the seedling raising medium, the content of organic matters is 10-100g/kg, the content of total nitrogen is 1-10g/kg, the content of total phosphorus is 0.1-1.0g/kg, the content of total potassium is 5-50g/kg, and the pH (Potential of Hydrogen) value is 5.0-7.0; (2) seeding: seeding in the seeding density being 1-2 rice seeds/square centimeter, or 25g-40g (dried rice seed weight)/square meter (facility cultivation) or 35catty/mu (field planting); (3) conventionally managing fertilizer, water and disease pest and weed. According to the cultivation method disclosed by the invention, the earing time and the flowering time of the paddy rice are quickened to a large extent by increasing the seeding density and preparing the seedling raising medium, thus the growth period of the paddy rice is shortened, rapid propagation is facilitated, and crossbreeding of the paddy rice can be carried out at any time and anywhere.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel rice cultivation technology method---do sth. in advance the technical method that Rice Heading is bloomed, be specifically related to a kind of by cultivation means, shorten growth period duration of rice, promote early flowering, to reach the rice breeding object of Fast-propagation.
Background technology
According to demographic data prediction, Chinese population increases by 1,500 ten thousand people every year, and the year two thousand thirty will reach 1,600,000,000 people, and grain demand amount is 6.4 hundred million tons to the year two thousand thirty, and only 400,000,000 tons at present.Rice, as main grain ration, accounts for more than 65% in the consumption of national residents grain ration.And relevant department also shows for the statistics of ploughing, current Chinese arable land is less than 100,000,000 hectares, and per capita area of cultivated farmland has been down to 0.077 hectare by 0.18 in the early days of foundation hectare, is only 1/3 of world's per capita share, close to the arable land alarm level that FAO assert.According to the specific national conditions that China has a large population and a few land, and the awkward situation that rice in China output is hovered always after the eighties in 20th century, the yield per unit area how improving paddy rice is still the top priority of rice breeding worker, so, shorten breeding cycle, accelerate breeding speed, cultivating the how anti-new rice variety of high yield and high quality or the national following grain security of breeding new material relation as early as possible, is study hotspot in recent years.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of Novel rice cultivation technology method---do sth. in advance the technical method that Rice Heading is bloomed, be specifically related to a kind of by cultivation means, shorten growth period duration of rice, promote early flowering, to reach seed Fast-propagation/hybridization, cultivate the object of the new breeding material of paddy rice.Be suitable for vast rice breeding worker and carry out paddy rice rapid breeding, adding generation, shorten breeding cycle.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Do sth. in advance the cultivation method that Rice Heading is bloomed, comprise the following steps:
(1) select the soil meeting following condition as seedling raising ground substance: the content of organic matter 10 ~ 100g/kg, full nitrogen 1 ~ 10g/kg, full phosphorus 0.1 ~ 1.0g/kg, full potassium 5 ~ 50g/kg, pH value is 5.0 ~ 7.0; Content and the pH value of N P and K is controlled by fertilising and acid adjustment basicity;
Preferably, seedling raising ground substance with livid purple earth for carrier;
(2) sow: with 1 ~ 2 paddy/square centimeter, or 25 ~ 40 grams of (dry paddy weight)/square metre (facility cultivations), or the thickness of sowing of 35 pounds/acre (field plantings) is sowed; Seeding method is sowing in the field plantation, or potted plant growth, soil thickness during potted plant growth 10 ~ 30 centimetres;
(3) conventional rich water and Pest organism manage.Such as: Dry-wet alternate irrigation, water capacity 60% ~ 80%.If normal paddy rice season of growth field planting (such as, the 5 ~ October in Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area rice district), outdoor natural lighting can be adopted.If carry out off-season cultivation (greenhouse or warming seedling greenhouse, October ~ April next year in such as Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area rice district), indoor temperature maintains 25 ~ 30 DEG C/20 ~ 25 DEG C (daytimes/night), intensity of illumination maintains 20,000 ~ 60,000LUX, relative moisture remains on 50% ~ 80%.
Cultivation method of the present invention, compared with general planting cultivation method, maximum difference is: thickness of sowing difference is different from seedling raising ground substance, the technique effect brought thus is: the heading flowering time of paddy rice significantly shifts to an earlier date, thus shorten the Rice Growing cycle, be conducive to fast breeding, paddy rice cross breeding breeding can be carried out whenever and wherever possible.According to as follows: under natural environment, in order to breed offspring, the rule that different biology follows " survival of the fittest " is constantly evolved, define the life style of uniqueness, if birds are for hiding cold or breeding offspring, by long-distance method search of food of migrating or sanctuary; Many mammals change living environment by building nest.And plant can not be moved, can only conform by changing oneself, as the desert plant seed of some arid area, in order to continue life, must the rainy season of short more than 20 days, complete from sprouting to yielding positive results and the whole life cycle of seed dispersal.Applicant of the present invention finds in test, when rice seedling density is higher and after maintaining certain hour, the disadvantageous living environment of these rice shoots meeting perception, and pass through self-control, shorten life cycle, enter reproductive growth from nourishing and growing rapidly, to realize the object produced offspring of yielding positive results, the present invention is formed based on the phenomenon found in above-mentioned test just.
Method of the present invention is applicable to land for growing field crops fast breeding rice paddy seed, or carries out land for growing field crops quick hybridization breeding; Also rice breeding research in greenhouse or warming seedling greenhouse is applicable to; Also being applicable to (paddy rice normal growth season) on household balcony carries out breeding or breeding research.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
In following embodiment, the method for not detailed description is conventional method.
Embodiment 1 rice cropping is tested
2011, China Paddy Rice Inst's Heaven field test site (Fuyang, Zhejiang).Soil property is livid purple earth, content of organic matter 36.9g/kg, full nitrogen 2.73g/kg, full phosphorus 0.60g/kg, full potassium 20.1g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 232mg/kg, ammonium nitrogen 9.7mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 25.2mg/kg, available potassium 65mg/kg, and pH value is 6.5.Kind: No. 1, long grain round-grained rice (conventional japonica rice), area 1.5 mu.
Test: on May 28th, 2011 presoaking and germinating.Ration in June 1 live (not transplanting), seeding quantity every mu 35 jin (17.5 kilograms).Contrast No. 1, the long grain round-grained rice for routine techniques plantation, sow on the same day, seeding quantity every mu 8 jin.Contrast and process liquid manure and Pest organism routinely and manage.
Result: the paddy rice neat fringe on July 15 adopting culture technique of the present invention, contrast paddy rice neat fringe on September 1.
Conclusion: the paddy rice adopting culture technique of the present invention, its sowing number of days of blooming of extremely ear is 45 days, and to contrast paddy rice from sowing the number of days of blooming to heading be 92 days.Culture technique of the present invention can make Rice Heading open the time spent greatly to shorten.
Embodiment 2 rice cropping is tested
2012, potted plant field, solarium of China Paddy Rice Inst, with the rectangular plastic feed basin of 50 × 30 × 20 centimetres (length/width/dark) as container.Dark 15 centimetres of soil layer, soil takes from land for growing field crops, China Paddy Rice Inst's Heaven field test site, and soil property is livid purple earth, content of organic matter 37.5g/kg, full nitrogen 2.81g/kg, full phosphorus 0.62g/kg, full potassium 19.6g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 219mg/kg, ammonium nitrogen 9.1mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 23.9mg/kg, available potassium 61mg/kg, pH value is 6.6.Kind: No. 1, long grain round-grained rice (conventional japonica rice).
Test: on May 25th, 2012 presoaking and germinating.Ration in May 29 live (not transplanting), seeding quantity is by 30 grams every square metre (dry weight, about 1200/m
2) implement.Contrast No. 1, the long grain round-grained rice for routine techniques plantation, sow on the same day, seeding quantity every square metre 6 grams (dry weight).Plastic basin is placed on potted plant field, solarium, conventional rich water and pest management, outdoor natural lighting.
Result: use the paddy rice of culture technique of the present invention in neat fringe on July 10, contrast paddy rice neat fringe on August 26.
Conclusion: the paddy rice adopting culture technique of the present invention, its sowing number of days of blooming of extremely ear is 42 days, and to contrast paddy rice from sowing the number of days of blooming to heading be 89 days.
Embodiment 3 rice cropping is tested
2012, China Paddy Rice Inst greenhouse, with the rectangular plastic feed basin of 50 × 30 × 20 centimetres (length/width/dark) as container.Dark 15 centimetres of soil layer, soil takes from land for growing field crops, China Paddy Rice Inst's Heaven field test site, and soil property is livid purple earth, content of organic matter 37.5g/kg, full nitrogen 2.81g/kg, full phosphorus 0.62g/kg, full potassium 19.6g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 219mg/kg, ammonium nitrogen 9.1mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 23.9mg/kg, available potassium 61mg/kg, pH value is 6.6.Kind: No. 1, long grain round-grained rice (conventional japonica rice).
Test: on September 28th, 2012 presoaking and germinating.Ration in October 1 live (not transplanting), seeding quantity is by 30 grams every square metre (dry weight, 1000-1200 grain/m
2) implement.Contrast No. 1, the long grain round-grained rice for routine techniques plantation, seeding quantity every square metre 6 grams (dry weight), sows on the same day.Plastic basin is placed on temperature control type greenhouse pot culture field, and indoor temperature maintains 25-30 DEG C/20-25 DEG C (daytime/night), and relative moisture remains on 50% ~ 80%, natural lighting, conventional rich water and pest management.
Result: use the paddy rice of culture technique of the present invention in neat fringe on November 20, contrast paddy rice neat fringe on January 12nd, 2013.
Conclusion: the paddy rice adopting culture technique of the present invention, its sowing number of days of blooming of extremely ear is 51 days, and to contrast paddy rice from sowing the number of days of blooming to heading be 104 days.
Claims (4)
1. do sth. in advance the cultivation method that Rice Heading is bloomed, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) select the soil meeting following condition as seedling raising ground substance: the content of organic matter 10 ~ 100g/kg, full nitrogen 1 ~ 10g/kg, full phosphorus 0.1 ~ 1.0g/kg, full potassium 5 ~ 50g/kg, pH value is 5.0 ~ 7.0;
(2) sow: with 1 ~ 2 paddy/square centimeter, or 25 ~ 40 grams (dry paddy weight)/square metre thickness of sowing sow;
(3) conventional rich water and Pest organism manage.
2. the cultivation method done sth. in advance Rice Heading and bloom according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described seedling raising ground substance adopts livid purple earth to be carrier.
3. the cultivation method done sth. in advance Rice Heading and bloom according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described seeding method is sowing in the field plantation, or potted plant growth; Soil thickness during potted plant growth 10 ~ 30 centimetres.
4. the cultivation method done sth. in advance Rice Heading and bloom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thickness of sowing is 35 pounds/acre (field plantings), or thickness of sowing is 35 grams/m (facility cultivations).
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06113686A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-26 | Oomine Kogyo Kk | Rice culture method |
| CN102432393A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Composite organic soil for raising rice seedlings |
| CN102845270A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-02 | 重庆翠京元有机农业专业合作社 | Organic rice cultivation method |
| CN103348891A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-16 | 中国水稻研究所 | Paddy yield increasing cultivation method using acoustic wave treatment |
| CN104322311A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Seedling raising substrate for machine-transplanted seedling tray for hybrid rice |
-
2015
- 2015-03-24 CN CN201510130650.2A patent/CN104663340A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06113686A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-26 | Oomine Kogyo Kk | Rice culture method |
| CN102432393A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Composite organic soil for raising rice seedlings |
| CN102845270A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-02 | 重庆翠京元有机农业专业合作社 | Organic rice cultivation method |
| CN103348891A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-16 | 中国水稻研究所 | Paddy yield increasing cultivation method using acoustic wave treatment |
| CN104322311A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Seedling raising substrate for machine-transplanted seedling tray for hybrid rice |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 北京农业大学等: "《简明农业词典》", 31 October 1983, 科学出版社 * |
| 张卫星等: "不同播量及育秧基质对机插水稻秧苗素质的影响", 《扬州大学学报》 * |
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