CN104641830A - Field management method for northeast soybeans - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a field management method for northeast soybeans, and the field management is achieved by using the following scheme: (1) reseeding and thinning: after seedlings emerge, carrying out timely seedling checking and reseeding to ensure that full seedling thinning is conducted early, wherein a best time for carrying out thinning is when cotyledons are expanded; (2) intertillage weeding: carrying out intertillage for 2 to 3 times depending on the bean seedling growing conditions and the weed number in the field, wherein an appropriate time for first intertillage is when a first true leaf appears and an intertillage depth should not be more than 3.5 cm; the appropriate time for second intertillage is when 3 to 4 pieces of compound leaves occur and the cotyledons turn yellow, and the intertillage depth is 4.5 cm; the appropriate time for third intertillage is when the bean seedlings have a height of about 20 cm and before flowering, and the third intertillage should be shallow; and earthing-up is carried out, and an earthing-up height is slightly higher than the cotyledon node; (3) water management; (4) topping threshing and growth controlling: picking off 1 cm to 3 cm of yellow tips at a blooming phase or last flowering phase appropriately, wherein topping can promote the precocity and increase the pod number and seed weight. When the growth trend and serious canopy closure appear, a portion of leaves overlapped between lines is cut off, so to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, reduce moisture in the field, prevent plant growth lodging, and increase the pod number and the seed weight.

Description

A kind of field management method of northeast soybean

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of field management method, particularly a kind of field management method of northeast soybean, belong to Agriculture Field management method field.

Background technology

Soybean is important grain and oil dual-purpose crop, is the valuable agricultural resources with high nutritive value, high physiologically active and extensive industrial use, can says that purposes is very extensive.First contain abundant good protein, fat, carbohydrate, mineral matter and various physiological activator in soya seeds, wherein protein and fat content account for about 60% of seed, are the main sources of human plant's albumen and fat.Secondly, in the last few years, along with China's expanding economy, the generally raising of living standards of the people, people constantly expand for grease and carnivorous demand, and the meat, milk, eggs etc. of consumption also get more and more.The demand fast development of the protein feed of soybean and the high-quality such as soya-bean cake, dregs of beans, soybean is also more and more important as the purposes of feed.3rd important function is exactly the development along with science and technology, the industry machining chain of soybean is also in continuous prolongation, soybean can be painted, print, ink, glycerine, artificial wool, staple fibre, plastics, jelly, bakelite, film of taking pictures, fatty acid and medical industry the raw material of vitamin tannalbin, can make powered milk substitute, margarine, milk wet goods in the food industry, soybean is widely used in the industries such as light industry, chemical industry, food, weaving, medicine, building materials, electronics, machine-building.The fourth-largest beans occupy critical role in rotation system, soybean stubble has good crop producing power, the damage by disease and insect of soybean seldom endangers other crops, and the weeds of soybean stubble are less, and soybean can promote the sustainable use in soil, in addition, plantation soybean solves the important channel of peasant employment, is also the important sources of increasing peasant income particularly cash income, as can be seen from the above, Soybean production is significant to China's economic development, and development Soybean production has the irreplaceable important function of other crop.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is based on existing soybean in field management method, adopt the principles of science of novelty, propose a kind of field management method of northeast soybean, it greatly saves labour, reduce soybean planting cost, improve soybean survival rate, enhance the benefit of plantation soybean, the disease resistance of soybean and insect pest ability are strengthened, reaches the object of high yield and high quality.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is: a kind of field management method of northeast soybean, and its field management method adopts following scheme to realize.

(1) to reseed and thinning: after coming up, should carry out looking into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings, to ensure that full stand thinning should early, generally best with cotyledon duration of run seedling effect, if when seedling stage, insect pest was serious, can suitable late final singling.(2) intertill and clean tillage: how much and surely to carry out 2 ~ 3 intertillages according to bean seedlings bearing status and weeds in field.First time is advisable when intertillage occurs with rough leaf, and the intertillage degree of depth is no more than 3.5 centimetres; Second time intertillage can at appearance 3 ~ 4 compound leaves, and carry out during cotyledon jaundice, the degree of depth is 4.5 centimetres; Third time intertillage is general to be carried out before blooming when height of seedling 20 cm, should plough shallowly, and the full ridging of knot, ridging height is to be as the criterion a little more than cotyledonary node.(3) water management: seedling stage water requirement few, along with plant strain growth accelerate, water requirement is corresponding to be increased, if at this moment meet arid, must pour water in time; Drum grain, to full ripening stage, needs water less, but now suffers from drought, blighted grain can be made to increase, and 100-grain weight reduces, and when there is wilting phenomenon, just should pour water in time, the plot of water scarcity, can adopt clear liquid dung to water; The most handy sprinkling irrigation that water condition is good.Soybean is comparatively afraid of flood at Seedling Stage and drum grain maturing stage, is also unable to undergo long-time waterflooding, must be noted that to dig trenches to drain the water away in process of growth.

(4) pinching is beaten leaf and is controlled growth: pinching can promote precocity, increases pod number and grain weight, is blooming Sheng phase or latter stage, plucks yellow point 1 ~ 3 centimetre and is advisable.When occurring growth tendency, when closing are serious, by the suitable truncated section of blade overlapping in the ranks, improving ventilation and penetrating light condition, reducing field humidity, preventing plant strain growth from lodging, increase pod and grain weight.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the field management method of a kind of northeast soybean that the present invention proposes, it greatly saves labour, reduce soybean planting cost, improve soybean survival rate, enhance the benefit of plantation soybean, the disease resistance of soybean and insect pest ability are strengthened, reaches the object of high yield and high quality, there is larger promotional value.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with instantiation, the invention will be further described.

A field management method for northeast soybean, its field management method adopts following scheme to realize.

(1) to reseed and thinning: after coming up, should carry out looking into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings, to ensure that full stand thinning should early, generally best with cotyledon duration of run seedling effect, if when seedling stage, insect pest was serious, can suitable late final singling.(2) intertill and clean tillage: how much and surely to carry out 2 ~ 3 intertillages according to bean seedlings bearing status and weeds in field.First time is advisable when intertillage occurs with rough leaf, and the intertillage degree of depth is no more than 3.5 centimetres; Second time intertillage can at appearance 3 ~ 4 compound leaves, and carry out during cotyledon jaundice, the degree of depth is 4.5 centimetres; Third time intertillage is general to be carried out before blooming when height of seedling 20 cm, should plough shallowly, and the full ridging of knot, ridging height is to be as the criterion a little more than cotyledonary node.(3) water management: seedling stage water requirement few, along with plant strain growth accelerate, water requirement is corresponding to be increased, if at this moment meet arid, must pour water in time; Drum grain, to full ripening stage, needs water less, but now suffers from drought, blighted grain can be made to increase, and 100-grain weight reduces, and when there is wilting phenomenon, just should pour water in time, the plot of water scarcity, can adopt clear liquid dung to water; The most handy sprinkling irrigation that water condition is good.Soybean is comparatively afraid of flood at Seedling Stage and drum grain maturing stage, is also unable to undergo long-time waterflooding, must be noted that to dig trenches to drain the water away in process of growth.

(4) pinching is beaten leaf and is controlled growth: pinching can promote precocity, increases pod number and grain weight, is blooming Sheng phase or latter stage, plucks yellow point 1 ~ 3 centimetre and is advisable.When occurring growth tendency, when closing are serious, by the suitable truncated section of blade overlapping in the ranks, improving ventilation and penetrating light condition, reducing field humidity, preventing plant strain growth from lodging, increase pod and grain weight.

Claims (1)

1. a field management method for northeast soybean, is characterized in that: described field management method adopts following scheme to realize:

(1) to reseed and thinning: after coming up, should carry out looking into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings, to ensure that full stand thinning should early, generally best with cotyledon duration of run seedling effect, if when seedling stage, insect pest was serious, can suitable late final singling; (2) intertill and clean tillage: how much and surely to carry out 2 ~ 3 intertillages according to bean seedlings bearing status and weeds in field, first time is advisable when intertillage occurs with rough leaf, the intertillage degree of depth is no more than 3.5 centimetres; Second time intertillage can at appearance 3 ~ 4 compound leaves, and carry out during cotyledon jaundice, the degree of depth is 4.5 centimetres; Third time intertillage is general to be carried out before blooming when height of seedling 20 cm, should plough shallowly, and the full ridging of knot, ridging height is to be as the criterion a little more than cotyledonary node; (3) water management: seedling stage water requirement few, along with plant strain growth accelerate, water requirement is corresponding to be increased, if at this moment meet arid, must pour water in time; Drum grain, to full ripening stage, needs water less, but now suffers from drought, blighted grain can be made to increase, and 100-grain weight reduces, and when there is wilting phenomenon, just should pour water in time, the plot of water scarcity, can adopt clear liquid dung to water; The most handy sprinkling irrigation that water condition is good, soybean is comparatively afraid of flood at Seedling Stage and drum grain maturing stage, is also unable to undergo long-time waterflooding, must be noted that to dig trenches to drain the water away in process of growth;

(4) pinching is beaten leaf and is controlled growth: pinching can promote precocity, increase pod number and grain weight, blooming Sheng phase or latter stage, plucking yellow point 1 ~ 3 centimetre and be advisable, when occurring growth tendency, when closing are serious, by the overlapping suitable truncated section of blade, to improve ventilation and penetrating light condition, reduce field humidity in the ranks, prevent plant strain growth from lodging, increase pod and grain weigh 1.