CN104627849B - Hoisting equipment and hoisting method for hoisting inner courtyard pipeline - Google Patents
Hoisting equipment and hoisting method for hoisting inner courtyard pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN104627849B CN104627849B CN201510055445.4A CN201510055445A CN104627849B CN 104627849 B CN104627849 B CN 104627849B CN 201510055445 A CN201510055445 A CN 201510055445A CN 104627849 B CN104627849 B CN 104627849B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000219104 Cucurbitaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C25/00—Cranes not provided for in groups B66C17/00 - B66C23/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/024—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
- F16L1/0243—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground above ground
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于内天井管道吊装的吊装设备及吊装方法，包括设置在内天井围护物最高处的且部分结构向内天井中突出的悬挑井架、连接在悬挑井架上的吊点调整葫芦和吊装定滑轮、穿过吊装定滑轮与卷扬机连接的钢丝绳；井架包括设置在立腿顶部的水平纵梁和水平横梁、与水平纵梁相连并突出于围护物内边缘的吊装横梁，在水平纵梁和水平横梁底面焊接超静定斜撑与立腿下半部分连接；在吊装横梁与水平横梁之间安装吊装定滑轮，穿过吊装定滑轮的钢丝绳一端与卷扬机连接，另一端与被吊装管道连接，被吊装材料的吊耳上设置有连接其他吊耳的组对葫芦。本发明弥补传统施工工艺的不足，保证管道吊装定位的精确度，提高吊装安全性及效率。
The invention provides a hoisting device and hoisting method for hoisting inner patio pipelines, including a cantilevered derrick installed at the highest point of the inner patio enclosure and part of the structure protruding into the inner patio, and a cantilevered derrick connected to the cantilevered derrick. The lifting point adjustment hoist and the hoisting fixed pulley, the wire rope passing through the hoisting fixed pulley and connected to the hoist; The beam is connected to the lower half of the vertical leg by welding the super-static fixed brace on the bottom of the horizontal longitudinal beam and the horizontal beam; a hoisting fixed pulley is installed between the hoisting beam and the horizontal beam, and one end of the wire rope passing through the hoisting fixed pulley is connected to the hoist, and the other end is connected to the hoist. One end is connected with the pipe to be hoisted, and the lifting lug of the material to be hoisted is provided with a pair of hoists connected to other lifting lugs. The invention makes up for the deficiency of the traditional construction technology, ensures the accuracy of the hoisting and positioning of the pipeline, and improves the safety and efficiency of the hoisting.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及超高层建筑内天井管道或者超高层竖井管道安装的技术领域，特别地，涉及一种用于内天井管道吊装的吊装设备及吊装方法。The invention relates to the technical field of installation of inner patio pipes or super high-rise shaft pipes in super high-rise buildings, in particular, to a hoisting device and a hoisting method for hoisting inner patio pipes.
背景技术Background technique
对于高层内天井的材料吊装，传统施工有以下几种可选方案：For the material hoisting of high-rise inner patios, traditional construction has the following options:
1、使用大型塔吊吊装；1. Use a large tower crane for hoisting;
2、使用小型屋顶塔吊安装；2. Use a small roof tower crane to install;
3、使用独立爬杆安装；3. Use an independent climbing pole to install;
以上方案的弊端如下：The disadvantages of the above scheme are as follows:
1、采用大型塔吊安装，安装费用高，而且由于管道安装精度高，对塔吊指挥和塔吊司机要求高，质量控制难度大，安全隐患大。1. Large-scale tower cranes are used for installation, the installation cost is high, and due to the high precision of pipeline installation, the requirements for tower crane conductors and tower crane drivers are high, quality control is difficult, and safety hazards are great.
2、采用小型屋顶塔吊安装，安装控制难度较小，但屋顶塔吊需要较大的安装空间，而天井屋顶一般都是机房层屋顶，无法满足其安装需求。塔吊安装、拆卸难度大，成本居高。2. It is installed with a small roof tower crane, and the installation control is less difficult, but the roof tower crane requires a large installation space, and the roof of the patio is generally the roof of the machine room floor, which cannot meet its installation requirements. It is difficult to install and disassemble the tower crane, and the cost is high.
3、采用独立爬杆安装，爬杆顶端缆风绳无法设置，爬杆外挑长度不够，管道支架施工完成后操作空间不够，且爬杆稳定性不够，管道容易晃动，焊接质量难保障。3. Independent climbing poles are used for installation. The wind rope at the top of the climbing poles cannot be installed. The length of the external extension of the climbing poles is not enough.
由于传统的施工方法不能最优的满足高层建筑内天井管道安装的要求，我们必须寻找突破口，进行内天井管道吊装的研究创新。Since the traditional construction methods cannot optimally meet the requirements for the installation of the inner patio pipes in high-rise buildings, we must find a breakthrough and carry out research and innovation on the inner patio pipe hoisting.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的在于提供一种用于内天井管道吊装的吊装设备及吊装方法，以解决高层建筑内天井管道安装不够精确和安全的技术问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a hoisting device and a hoisting method for hoisting inner patio pipes, so as to solve the technical problem of inaccurate and safe installation of inner patio pipes in high-rise buildings.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种用于内天井管道吊装的吊装设备，包括设置在内天井围护物最高处且部分结构向内天井中突出的悬挑井架、连接在悬挑井架上且突出于围护物内边缘的并相互连接的吊点调整葫芦和吊装定滑轮、穿过吊装定滑轮与卷扬机连接的钢丝绳、固定地锚、手拉葫芦、卷扬机和组对葫芦；In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a hoisting device for hoisting inner patio pipelines, comprising a cantilevered derrick arranged at the highest point of the inner patio enclosure and part of the structure protruding into the inner patio, connected to the cantilevered derrick And protruding from the inner edge of the enclosure and interconnected lifting point adjustment hoist and hoisting fixed pulley, wire rope passing through the hoisting fixed pulley and connected to the winch, fixed ground anchor, hand chain block, winch and paired hoist;
所述井架包括与内天井围护物顶面垂直的立腿、设置在立腿顶部并在水平面相互垂直的水平纵梁和水平横梁、与水平纵梁相连并突出于围护物内边缘的吊装横梁，并在水平纵梁和水平横梁底面焊接超静定斜撑与立腿下半部分连接；在从井架朝向内天井方向的相反方向上的围护物顶部安装固定地锚，并用手拉葫芦将悬挑井架连接到固定地锚；The derrick includes vertical legs perpendicular to the top surface of the inner patio enclosure, horizontal longitudinal beams and horizontal crossbeams arranged on the top of the vertical legs and perpendicular to each other on the horizontal plane, and a hoisting member connected with the horizontal longitudinal beams and protruding from the inner edge of the enclosure. Beams, and welded super-statically indeterminate braces on the bottom of the horizontal longitudinal beams and horizontal beams to connect with the lower half of the legs; install fixed ground anchors on the top of the enclosure in the opposite direction from the derrick to the inner patio, and use chain hoists Connect the cantilevered derrick to the fixed ground anchor;
穿过吊装定滑轮的钢丝绳一端与卷扬机连接，另一端与被吊装管道连接，被吊装管道的吊耳上设置有连接其他被吊装管道吊耳的组对葫芦。One end of the steel wire rope passing through the hoisting fixed pulley is connected to the hoist, and the other end is connected to the hoisted pipeline. The hoisting lugs of the hoisted pipeline are provided with paired hoists connected to the hoisting lugs of other hoisted pipelines.
优选的，所述吊装定滑轮与卷扬机之间设置若干转向定滑轮。Preferably, several diverting fixed pulleys are arranged between the hoisting fixed pulley and the hoisting machine.
优选的，在所述吊装横梁底面焊接悬挑斜撑与立腿下半部分连接。Preferably, the cantilevered brace is welded on the bottom surface of the hoisting beam to connect with the lower half of the leg.
本申请还提供运用上述的吊装设备的吊装方法，包括步骤：The present application also provides a hoisting method using the above-mentioned hoisting equipment, including steps:
A、在内天井围护物最高处设置所述悬挑井架，并用手拉葫芦将悬挑井架连接到固定地锚；A. Set the cantilevered derrick at the highest point of the inner patio enclosure, and connect the cantilevered derrick to the fixed ground anchor with a chain hoist;
B、将钢丝绳穿过吊装定滑轮，一端与卷扬机连接，另一端与被吊装管道连接；B. Pass the wire rope through the hoisting fixed pulley, connect one end to the winch, and the other end to the hoisted pipeline;
C、启动卷扬机，吊起管道移动至安装位置附近；C. Start the hoist, lift the pipeline and move it to the vicinity of the installation location;
D、采用组对葫芦连接上下相邻管道上的吊耳，松开钢丝绳，通过牵引调整所述组对葫芦完成管道组对。D. Use a pair of hoists to connect the lifting lugs on the upper and lower adjacent pipelines, loosen the wire rope, and adjust the pair of hoists by traction to complete the pairing of the pipelines.
优选的，步骤C中，将吊装定滑轮在吊装横梁上左右移动。Preferably, in step C, the hoisting fixed pulley is moved left and right on the hoisting beam.
优选的，步骤C中，调节吊点调整葫芦的位置，满足钢丝绳与已安装管道的中心轴线重合的要求。Preferably, in step C, the lifting point is adjusted to adjust the position of the hoist to meet the requirement that the wire rope coincides with the central axis of the installed pipeline.
本发明具有以下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明弥补传统施工工艺的不足，将“内天井悬挑井架”安装在施工的内天井围护物的最高处，保证管道吊装定位的精确度，提高吊装安全性。通过安装稳定的悬挑井架结构及灵活移动的钢丝绳吊钩，可以实现不同位置的管道吊装，安全高效。The invention makes up for the shortcomings of the traditional construction technology, and installs the "inner patio cantilever derrick" at the highest point of the inner patio enclosure under construction, so as to ensure the accuracy of the hoisting and positioning of the pipeline and improve the safety of hoisting. By installing a stable cantilevered derrick structure and a flexible wire rope hook, the hoisting of pipelines in different positions can be realized, which is safe and efficient.
在相邻管道吊装至比较接近的位置，依靠高处的钢丝绳无法准确对位时，则采用组对葫芦连接相邻管道上的吊耳，并松开钢丝绳，通过牵引调整组对葫芦完成管道组对，确保管道无误对接。When the adjacent pipelines are hoisted to a relatively close position and cannot be aligned accurately by the steel wire rope at a high place, the paired hoist is used to connect the lifting lugs on the adjacent pipeline, and the steel wire rope is loosened, and the paired hoist is pulled to complete the pipeline assembly. Yes, make sure the pipes are connected correctly.
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外，本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将参照图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1是本发明优选实施例的结构正视示意图(以内天井中央指向内天井围护物视角)；Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention (pointing to the perspective of the inner patio enclosure from the center of the inner patio);
图2是本发明优选实施例的结构侧视示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明优选实施例的井架结构放大示意图；Fig. 3 is the magnified schematic view of the derrick structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
其中，1、内天井围护物，2、立腿，3、水平纵梁，4、水平横梁，5、吊装横梁，6、超静定斜撑，7、固定地锚，8、手拉葫芦，9、吊点调整葫芦，10、吊装定滑轮，11、钢丝绳，12、卷扬机，13、转向定滑轮，14、悬挑斜撑，15、吊耳，16、组对葫芦，17、管道。Among them, 1. Inner patio enclosure, 2. Standing legs, 3. Horizontal longitudinal beams, 4. Horizontal beams, 5. Hoisting beams, 6. Super statically indeterminate braces, 7. Fixed ground anchors, 8. Chain hoists , 9, lifting point adjustment hoist, 10, hoisting fixed pulley, 11, wire rope, 12, hoist, 13, steering fixed pulley, 14, suspension brace, 15, lifting lug, 16, pair hoist, 17, pipeline.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以根据权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in various ways defined and covered by the claims.
参见图1、图2，本发明提供了一种用于内天井管道吊装的吊装设备，包括设置在内天井围护物1最高处且部分结构向内天井中突出的悬挑井架、连接在悬挑井架上突出于围护物内边缘的并相互连接的吊点调整葫芦9和吊装定滑轮10、穿过吊装定滑轮10与卷扬机12连接的钢丝绳11，钢丝绳11的另一端与被吊装管道连接。所述内天井围护物例如为高层建筑的建筑本体，因而四个围护物内边缘面共同形成中空的内天井。Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of hoisting equipment for inner patio pipeline hoisting, including a cantilevered derrick arranged at the highest part of the inner patio enclosure 1 and part of the structure protruding into the inner patio, connected to the suspension The hanging point adjustment hoist 9 and the hoisting fixed pulley 10 protruding from the inner edge of the enclosure on the derrick and connected to each other, the steel wire rope 11 passing through the hoisting fixed pulley 10 and connected to the hoist 12, and the other end of the steel wire rope 11 is connected to the hoisted pipeline . The inner patio enclosure is, for example, the building body of a high-rise building, so the inner edge surfaces of the four enclosures together form a hollow inner patio.
吊点调整葫芦9和吊装定滑轮10相互连接，则可以通过调整吊点调整葫芦9的位置，从而移动吊装定滑轮10的横向位置。吊装定滑轮10又连接着钢丝绳11，则可以通过移动吊装定滑轮10的横向位置来调节钢丝绳11下吊着的管道位置。The lifting point adjustment hoist 9 and the lifting fixed pulley 10 are connected to each other, then the position of the hoist 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the lifting point, thereby moving the horizontal position of the lifting fixed pulley 10. The hoisting fixed pulley 10 is connected with the wire rope 11 again, then the position of the pipeline hanging under the wire rope 11 can be adjusted by moving the lateral position of the hoisting fixed pulley 10.
参见图3，井架包括与内天井围护物1顶面垂直的立腿2、设置在立腿2顶部并在水平面相互垂直的水平纵梁3和水平横梁4、与水平纵梁3相连并突出于围护物内边缘的吊装横梁5，则立腿2、水平纵梁3、水平横梁4构成了一个立体结构，水平纵梁3稍长于两个水平横梁4之间的距离，吊装横梁5则设置在水平纵梁3稍突出于水平横梁4部分的端头。Referring to Fig. 3, the derrick includes a vertical leg 2 perpendicular to the top surface of the inner patio enclosure 1, a horizontal longitudinal beam 3 and a horizontal crossbeam 4 arranged on the top of the vertical leg 2 and perpendicular to each other on the horizontal plane, connected with the horizontal longitudinal beam 3 and protruding The hoisting beam 5 on the inner edge of the enclosure, the vertical leg 2, the horizontal beam 3, and the horizontal beam 4 form a three-dimensional structure, the horizontal beam 3 is slightly longer than the distance between the two horizontal beams 4, and the hoisting beam 5 is It is arranged on the end of the horizontal longitudinal beam 3 slightly protruding from the horizontal beam 4 part.
在水平纵梁3和水平横梁4底面焊接超静定斜撑6与立腿2的下半部分连接，立腿2的下半部分指立腿2的长度中点以下的部分，将顶面的水平纵梁3和水平横梁4与立腿2的下半部分连接，则使得整体结构更为稳固可靠。同样地，在所述吊装横梁5底面也可焊接悬挑斜撑14与立腿2下半部分连接。Weld the super-statically indeterminate brace 6 on the bottom surface of the horizontal longitudinal beam 3 and the horizontal beam 4 to connect with the lower half of the vertical leg 2, the lower half of the vertical leg 2 refers to the part below the midpoint of the vertical leg 2, and the top surface The horizontal longitudinal beam 3 and the horizontal beam 4 are connected to the lower half of the leg 2, so that the overall structure is more stable and reliable. Similarly, the cantilevered brace 14 can also be welded on the bottom surface of the hoisting beam 5 to connect with the lower half of the leg 2 .
并且，在从井架朝向内天井方向的相反方向上(即吊装管道施工的反方向)的围护物顶部安装固定地锚7，并用手拉葫芦8将悬挑井架连接到固定地锚7，则将吊装力荷载传递至固定结构，防止井架倾覆，提高稳定性。And, install fixed ground anchor 7 on the enclosure top in the opposite direction (that is, the opposite direction of hoisting pipeline construction) from the derrick towards the inner patio direction, and the cantilevered derrick is connected to the fixed ground anchor 7 with a hand chain hoist 8, then Transfer the hoisting load to the fixed structure to prevent the derrick from overturning and improve stability.
在所述吊装横梁5与水平横梁4之间安装相互连接的吊点调整葫芦9和吊装定滑轮10，穿过吊装定滑轮10的钢丝绳11一端与卷扬机12连接，另一端与被吊装管道17连接，被吊装管道17的吊耳15上设置有连接其他被吊装管道17吊耳15的组对葫芦16，以利用组对葫芦16和吊耳15的牵制力将上下两根相邻管道对齐。Between the hoisting beam 5 and the horizontal beam 4, a hoist 9 and a hoisting fixed pulley 10 connected to each other are installed, and one end of the wire rope 11 passing through the hoisting fixed pulley 10 is connected to the hoist 12, and the other end is connected to the hoisted pipeline 17 1. The lifting lugs 15 of the hoisted pipeline 17 are provided with a pair of gourds 16 connected to the lifting lugs 15 of other hoisted pipelines 17, so that the upper and lower two adjacent pipelines are aligned by the restraining force of the pair of gourds 16 and the lifting lugs 15.
所述吊装定滑轮10与卷扬机12之间可设置若干转向定滑轮13，使得钢丝绳可被牵引至较为开阔的地方，方便放置卷扬机12。Between the said lifting fixed pulley 10 and the winch 12, several turning fixed pulleys 13 can be arranged, so that the wire rope can be drawn to a comparatively open place, so that the winch 12 can be placed conveniently.
本发明还提供运用上述的一种用于内天井管道吊装的吊装设备的吊装方法，包括步骤：The present invention also provides a hoisting method using the above-mentioned hoisting equipment for inner patio pipeline hoisting, including steps:
A、在内天井围护物最高处设置所述悬挑井架，并用手拉葫芦将悬挑井架连接到固定地锚；A. Set the cantilevered derrick at the highest point of the inner patio enclosure, and connect the cantilevered derrick to the fixed ground anchor with a chain hoist;
B、将钢丝绳穿过吊装定滑轮，一端与卷扬机连接，另一端与被吊装管道连接；B. Pass the wire rope through the hoisting fixed pulley, connect one end to the winch, and the other end to the hoisted pipeline;
C、启动卷扬机，吊起管道移动至安装位置附近；可将吊装定滑轮10在吊装横梁5上左右移动，即可吊装相邻的管道；而遇到管道直径发生变化，可通过调节吊点调整葫芦9，满足吊装钢丝绳位于已安装管道的中心位置的要求；在倒装下部面管道时，钢丝绳不会因在管道内壁摩擦而发生断绳事故。C. Start the hoist, lift the pipeline and move it to the vicinity of the installation position; the lifting fixed pulley 10 can be moved left and right on the lifting beam 5, and the adjacent pipeline can be hoisted; if the diameter of the pipeline changes, it can be adjusted by adjusting the lifting point The hoist 9 meets the requirement that the hoisting steel wire rope is located at the center of the installed pipeline; when the lower surface pipeline is inverted, the steel wire rope will not be broken due to friction on the inner wall of the pipeline.
D、当管道吊装至与相邻管道连接部位附近时，卷扬机吊装速度无法满足安装时的管道组对精度要求，采用组对葫芦连接上下相邻管道上的吊耳，松开钢丝绳，通过牵引调整组对葫芦完成管道组对。D. When the pipeline is hoisted to the vicinity of the connection with the adjacent pipeline, the hoisting speed of the hoist cannot meet the accuracy requirements of the pipeline group during installation. Use the group hoist to connect the lifting lugs on the upper and lower adjacent pipelines, loosen the wire rope, and adjust by traction Group the gourds to complete the pipe pairing.
具体的操作方法可如下：The specific operation method can be as follows:
(1)卷扬机及相关钢丝绳、吊装定滑轮、钢丝绳端的吊钩已安装完毕；(1) The hoist and related wire ropes, hoisting fixed pulleys, and hooks at the ends of wire ropes have been installed;
(2)通过移动悬挑井架前端的吊装定滑轮，将其调整至所需吊装管道的正前方；(2) By moving the hoisting fixed pulley at the front end of the cantilever derrick, adjust it to the front of the required hoisting pipeline;
(3)调整吊点调整葫芦，将吊装定滑轮上方的钢丝绳往悬挑井架方向拉动，调整吊装定滑轮纵向位置，直至吊装定滑轮调整至所需管道的正上方。(3) Adjust the lifting point and adjust the hoist, pull the wire rope above the hoisting fixed pulley to the direction of the cantilevered derrick, and adjust the longitudinal position of the hoisting fixed pulley until the hoisting fixed pulley is adjusted to be directly above the required pipeline.
(4)放下吊钩，直至地面，与管道连接，进行管道吊装。(4) Lower the hook to the ground, connect with the pipeline, and carry out pipeline hoisting.
(5)第一根管道吊装完成后升起钢丝绳及吊钩。然后重复第二步至第四步。(5) After the hoisting of the first pipe is completed, raise the wire rope and hook. Then repeat steps two to four.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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