CN104604467A - High-yield planting method for soybean - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a high-yield planting method for soybean. The method comprises the following steps: selection of an improved soybean variety; seeding in an optimum period; rational close planting; scientific nutrient and water management; and scientific disease and pest control. With the planting method of the invention, the soybean has high yield, wherein yield per mu can reach 270 kg, so the goal of high yield is achieved; meanwhile, the soybean has good quality and less pesticide residues.

Description

A kind of soybean with increased yield method for planting

Technical field

The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, be specifically related to a kind of soybean with increased yield method for planting.

Background technology

Soybean contains the important sources that abundant high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acid, calcium and B family vitamin are good proteins in China resident meals.Soy protein content is about 35%-40%, and except methionine, the composition of all the other essential amino acids is similar to animal protein with ratio, and is rich in the lysine of grain protein shortage, is the natural ultimate food with grain protein complementation

Soybean is one of Anhui Province staple crops, and long-term cultivated area is at about 800,000 hm2, and total cultivated area and gross yield all occupy national second.Wherein, Wan Bei and along Huaihe River area soybean acreage account for more than 70% of the whole province's cultivated area, also just had saying of " national soybean seeing Anhui, and Anhui soybean sees the Huaibei " Just because of this.

Along with the raising of health of people consciousness, increasing people starts to turn to the nutrition of emphasis vegetarian diet, eat animal protein less, eat vegetable protein more, soybean is exactly extraordinary vegetable protein, the demand of soybean can be more and more higher, and the quality and yield therefore improving soybean is called the focal issue that the urgent need of Soybean production solves.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of soybean with increased yield method for planting, implantation methods of the present invention, output is high, and soybean quality is good.

The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of soybean with increased yield method for planting, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) high-yield variety is selected, as No. one, section's beans;

(2) wholely, base fertilizer is used sufficient: select physical features smooth, there is irrigation conditions, the content of organic matter is high, soybean is planted in the plot that soil property is fertile, 20-25 centimetre is ploughed deeply in soil, plough deeply front every mu of the farmyard manure 1500-2000kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed, N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30-40 kilogram, dedicated fertilizer for soybean 20-30 kilogram, make base fertilizer, then make the wide furrow for 1.5-2.0m;

Described dedicated fertilizer for soybean, formed by the component raw material mixing granulation of following weight portion: urea 10-15, diammonium phosphate 20-25, potassium sulfate 20-24, sunflower plate flour 25-30, bamboo charcoal particle 5-10, zinc sulphate 1-1.5, boric acid 0.5-0.8, ferrous sulfate 0.5-0.8, ammonium molybdate 0.2-0.5, tea oil 0.4-0.6, appropriate bentonite

(3) begin sowing in good time: in early or mid June on whole good furrow face, by the drilling of line-spacing 34-45 centimetre of trench digging. every mu of planting density high fertility plot 1.0 ~ 1.1 ten thousand strain, medium fertility plot 1.2 ~ 1.3 ten thousand strain, low fertility plot 1.3 ~ 1.4 ten thousand strain, guarantee during sowing that soil moisture content is suitable for, require soil moisture content 19%-20%, if soil moisture content is not enough, moisture creating of just watering is sowed, method is after planting sprayed with fine-spraying belt, once, spray again once before emerging in after planting sprinkling irrigation on the same day, guarantee to emerge neatly;

(4) final singling: final singling when seedling grows to two panels true leaf a slice compound leaf, individual plant is stayed in every cave, is short of seedling by means of seedling, final singling or water sufficient water at once after transplanting;

(5) rich water quality management

A, fertile management

First is use sufficient base fertilizer

Soil organic matter content will more than 1.25%, if soil fertility is not enough, before sowing, every mu uses sufficient decomposed manure 1500-2000 kilogram, N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30-40 kilogram, dedicated fertilizer for soybean 20-30 kilogram

Second is topdress at the drum grain initial stage

At namely after planting about the 50 days grain initial stage of drum, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 18-22kg;

3rd is drum grain middle and later periods i.e. after planting 70-90 days, every 7-10 days foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time, and Retarding Soybean Leaf Senescence, promotes drum grain, increase 100-grain weight, improve output;

The management of b, water

First sowing water

During sowing, if soil moisture content less than 18%, moisture creating of just watering is sowed, and method is after planting sprayed with fine-spraying belt, in sprinkling irrigation on after planting same day once, before emerging namely after planting the 4th day, then spray once, guarantees to emerge neat;

Second blooms the water that bears pods

Pod bearing period of blooming i.e. after planting 25-50 days, this hourly water demand is comparatively large, accounts for 45% of total water consumption, now if there is arid, just immediately with fine-spraying belt sprinkling irrigation once, to reduce fallen flowers, fall pod, increases single-strain legumen number;

A 3rd drum water

Podding duration i.e. after planting 50-90 days, this hourly water demand accounts for 20% of total water consumption, is also the critical period of Grain formation, and if there is arid, soil water content, lower than 25%, just waters immediately, reduces the pod that falls, and guarantees drum grain;

(6) control of sick worm, crop smothering

Chemical weed control: 1. broadcast rear seedling pre-treatment: every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 100-120 milliliter carries out soil and closes, 2. cauline leaf phase process: in the soybean 1-3 sheet compound leaf phase, the weeds 2-4 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fomesafen 50-60 milliliter adds 15% smart quizalofopethyl 70 milliliters and is watered 30 kilograms of sprayings;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: when field aphid amount reaches 1500/hundred strain, Aphox etc. clean with aphid lice carries out spraying control, late July to early August, and with gamma cyhalothrin spraying control greenish brown hawk moth and bridging worm, 8 last ten-days period prevented and treated soybean pod borer with chlopyrifos.

Beneficial effect of the present invention

The inventive method plantation soybean, output is high, and every per mu yield can reach 270kg, reaches the object of high yield, and soybean quality is good simultaneously, and agriculture is residual few.

Embodiment

Section's beans high-yield planting method, comprises the following steps:

Wholely, base fertilizer is used sufficient: select physical features smooth, there is irrigation conditions, the content of organic matter is high, soybean is planted in the plot that soil property is fertile, 20-25 centimetre is ploughed deeply in soil, plough deeply front every mu of farmyard manure 1600kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed, N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 35 kilograms, dedicated fertilizer for soybean 25 kilograms, make base fertilizer, then make the wide furrow for 1.6m;

Wherein, dedicated fertilizer for soybean, formed by the component raw material mixing granulation of following weight (kg): urea 14, diammonium phosphate 23, potassium sulfate 23, sunflower plate flour 28, bamboo charcoal particle 8, zinc sulphate 1.2, boric acid 0.6, ferrous sulfate 0.6, ammonium molybdate 0.4, tea oil 0.5, appropriate bentonite

Begin sowing in good time: in early or mid June on whole good furrow face, by the drilling of line-spacing 40 centimetres trench digging. every mu of planting density high fertility plot 1.1 ten thousand strain, medium fertility plot 1.2 ten thousand strain, low fertility plot 1.3 ten thousand strain, guarantee during sowing that soil moisture content is suitable for, require soil moisture content 19%, if soil moisture content is not enough, moisture creating of just watering is sowed, method is after planting sprayed with fine-spraying belt, once, spray again once before emerging in after planting sprinkling irrigation on the same day, guarantee to emerge neatly;

Final singling: final singling when seedling grows to two panels true leaf a slice compound leaf, individual plant is stayed in every cave, is short of seedling by means of seedling, final singling or water sufficient water at once after transplanting;

Rich water quality management

A, fertile management

First is use sufficient base fertilizer

Soil organic matter content will more than 1.25%, if soil fertility is not enough, before sowing, every mu uses sufficient decomposed manure 1600 kilograms, N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 35 kilograms, dedicated fertilizer for soybean 25 kilograms

Second is topdress at the drum grain initial stage

At namely after planting about the 50 days grain initial stage of drum, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 20kg;

3rd is drum grain middle and later periods i.e. after planting 70-90 days, every 7-10 days foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time, and Retarding Soybean Leaf Senescence, promotes drum grain, increase 100-grain weight, improve output;

The management of b, water

First sowing water

During sowing, if soil moisture content less than 18%, moisture creating of just watering is sowed, and method is after planting sprayed with fine-spraying belt, in sprinkling irrigation on after planting same day once, before emerging namely after planting the 4th day, then spray once, guarantees to emerge neat;

Second blooms the water that bears pods

Pod bearing period of blooming i.e. after planting 25-50 days, this hourly water demand is comparatively large, accounts for 45% of total water consumption, now if there is arid, just immediately with fine-spraying belt sprinkling irrigation once, to reduce fallen flowers, fall pod, increases single-strain legumen number;

A 3rd drum water

Podding duration i.e. after planting 50-90 days, this hourly water demand accounts for 20% of total water consumption, is also the critical period of Grain formation, and if there is arid, soil water content, lower than 25%, just waters immediately, reduces the pod that falls, and guarantees drum grain;

The control of sick worm, crop smothering

Chemical weed control: 1. broadcast rear seedling pre-treatment: every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 120 milliliters carries out soil and closes, 2. cauline leaf phase process: in the soybean 1-3 sheet compound leaf phase, the weeds 2-4 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fomesafen 55 milliliters adds 15% smart quizalofopethyl 70 milliliters and is watered 30 kilograms of sprayings;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: when field aphid amount reaches 1500/hundred strain, Aphox etc. clean with aphid lice carries out spraying control, late July to early August, and with gamma cyhalothrin spraying control greenish brown hawk moth and bridging worm, 8 last ten-days period prevented and treated soybean pod borer with chlopyrifos.

Claims (1)

1. a soybean with increased yield method for planting, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) high-yield variety is selected, as No. one, section's beans;

(2) wholely, base fertilizer is used sufficient: select physical features smooth, there is irrigation conditions, the content of organic matter is high, soybean is planted in the plot that soil property is fertile, 20-25 centimetre is ploughed deeply in soil, plough deeply front every mu of the farmyard manure 1500-2000kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed, N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30-40 kilogram, dedicated fertilizer for soybean 20-30 kilogram, make base fertilizer, then make the wide furrow for 1.5-2.0m;

Described dedicated fertilizer for soybean, formed by the component raw material mixing granulation of following weight portion: urea 10-15, diammonium phosphate 20-25, potassium sulfate 20-24, sunflower plate flour 25-30, bamboo charcoal particle 5-10, zinc sulphate 1-1.5, boric acid 0.5-0.8, ferrous sulfate 0.5-0.8, ammonium molybdate 0.2-0.5, tea oil 0.4-0.6, appropriate bentonite

(3) begin sowing in good time: in early or mid June on whole good furrow face, by the drilling of line-spacing 34-45 centimetre of trench digging. every mu of planting density high fertility plot 1.0 ~ 1.1 ten thousand strain, medium fertility plot 1.2 ~ 1.3 ten thousand strain, low fertility plot 1.3 ~ 1.4 ten thousand strain, guarantee during sowing that soil moisture content is suitable for, require soil moisture content 19%-20%, if soil moisture content is not enough, moisture creating of just watering is sowed, method is after planting sprayed with fine-spraying belt, once, spray again once before emerging in after planting sprinkling irrigation on the same day, guarantee to emerge neatly;

(4) final singling: final singling when seedling grows to two panels true leaf a slice compound leaf, individual plant is stayed in every cave, is short of seedling by means of seedling, final singling or water sufficient water at once after transplanting;

(5) rich water quality management

A, fertile management

First is use sufficient base fertilizer

Soil organic matter content will more than 1.25%, if soil fertility is not enough, before sowing, every mu uses sufficient decomposed manure 1500-2000 kilogram, N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30-40 kilogram, dedicated fertilizer for soybean 20-30 kilogram

Second is topdress at the drum grain initial stage

At namely after planting about the 50 days grain initial stage of drum, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 18-22kg;

3rd is drum grain middle and later periods i.e. after planting 70-90 days, every 7-10 days foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time, and Retarding Soybean Leaf Senescence, promotes drum grain, increase 100-grain weight, improve output;

The management of b, water

First sowing water

During sowing, if soil moisture content less than 18%, moisture creating of just watering is sowed, and method is after planting sprayed with fine-spraying belt, in sprinkling irrigation on after planting same day once, before emerging namely after planting the 4th day, then spray once, guarantees to emerge neat;

Second blooms the water that bears pods

Pod bearing period of blooming i.e. after planting 25-50 days, this hourly water demand is comparatively large, accounts for 45% of total water consumption, now if there is arid, just immediately with fine-spraying belt sprinkling irrigation once, to reduce fallen flowers, fall pod, increases single-strain legumen number;

A 3rd drum water

Podding duration i.e. after planting 50-90 days, this hourly water demand accounts for 20% of total water consumption, is also the critical period of Grain formation, and if there is arid, soil water content, lower than 25%, just waters immediately, reduces the pod that falls, and guarantees drum grain;

(6) control of sick worm, crop smothering

Chemical weed control: 1. broadcast rear seedling pre-treatment: every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 100-120 milliliter carries out soil and closes, 2. cauline leaf phase process: in the soybean 1-3 sheet compound leaf phase, the weeds 2-4 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fomesafen 50-60 milliliter adds 15% smart quizalofopethyl 70 milliliters and is watered 30 kilograms of sprayings;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: when field aphid amount reaches 1500/hundred strain, Aphox etc. clean with aphid lice carries out spraying control, late July to early August, and with gamma cyhalothrin spraying control greenish brown hawk moth and bridging worm, 8 last ten-days period prevented and treated soybean pod borer with chlopyrifos.