CN104584855A - Cordyceps militaris extruding, puffing and sterilizing production method - Google Patents
Cordyceps militaris extruding, puffing and sterilizing production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104584855A CN104584855A CN201310533574.0A CN201310533574A CN104584855A CN 104584855 A CN104584855 A CN 104584855A CN 201310533574 A CN201310533574 A CN 201310533574A CN 104584855 A CN104584855 A CN 104584855A
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- cordceps militaris
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
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- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cordyceps militaris extruding, puffing and sterilizing production method. By the adoption of the method that a cordyceps militaris culture medium is extruded and puffed, so that the temperature is rapidly increased to 150 DEG C to 169 DEG C, and instantaneous super-high temperature sterilization is achieved, the culture medium is microporous and can be easily absorbed and converted by cordyceps militaris hyphae, the average bioconversion rate is increased to 160% to 180% from 90% to 110%, and the cordyceps militaris yield ranges from 92% to 97% and is increased by about 2% compared with that of a traditional culture method. The method has the advantages that energy is saved, carbon is low, operation is easy and convenient, and popularization is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agrotechnique and technical field of Chinese medicine, particularly edible, medicinal fungi is cultivated and the technical field of processing.
Background technology
Chinese caterpillar fungus is a class entomogenous fungi, parasitizes larva, on the earth about 400 kinds, and various Chinese caterpillar fungus selects different parasitized larvae.Cordyceps sinensis the earliest as medicinal material parasitizes bat moth larvae, and the place of production is limited to High aititude, severe cold areas, i.e. Qinghai of China, Tibet, Gansu and Sichuan.The fifties in last century, Canadian scientist Cuningham, through further investigation, first finds that Cordceps militaris has higher pharmaceutical value.Cordceps militaris, also known as northern Chinese caterpillar Fungus, northeast Cordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps militaris, pupa grass, parasitizes pupal cell.Cordceps militaris has multiple pharmacology and health-care effect, the research deepened continuously along with modern medicine, and become Medicines and Health Product raw materials for production important in Future Ten year, at home and abroad market demand increases year by year.Edible medicinal fungi and human health have substantial connection, such as: tens kinds of fungies such as glossy ganoderma, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, mushroom and Chinese caterpillar fungus, have formed huge economic market.From the eighties in 20th century, achieve Cordceps militaris (Cordyceps militaris) artificial cultivation, at present, national output reaches about 8000 tons.
The method of conventional cordyceps culturing medium retort sterilization sterilizing consumes heat energy greatly, and the time is long.100 DEG C, normal pressure 8-10 hour; 127 DEG C, the high pressure of 1 kilogram also needs 2 hours.The particularly packing container of vial, plastic bottle and so on also together raised temperature.So consume heat energy large, the production time is long.Contain Chinese food publishing house according to " common food databook " Hu Wen and publish the 2nd printing in .1989 January, P195 is according to table 3-3-5 " relation of sterilising temp and time ", and the time of killing bacterial spore under 150 DEG C of conditions is 0.01 point, is 0.6 second.The technology of the present invention relates to edible, medicinal fungi cultural method, to be rapidly heated 150-169 DEG C, the key technology of extruding sterilization treatment culture medium raw material, to reach energy-saving low-carbon, the technique of automated production is feasible to grain class raw material.
Through the Searches of Patent Literature: application number 200710004106.9 " a kind of method of swelling health food of Chinese caterpillar fungus composts or fertilisers of cultivating processing ", it utilizes the discarded composts or fertilisers of cultivating after plucking Cordceps militaris to be raw material, ravel through processing, dry, pulverize, the swelling health food be processed into through extrusion equipment after the mixing that adds water and expanded health-care rice sheet, different from expanded raw material of the present invention.Application number 200510012614.2 " bulking processing art for producing of the composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom being major ingredient with branch, agricultural crop straw ", Technical comparing can find: 1, the raw material of this invention is different from the present invention.2, this invention enters baking operation after expanded, and the present invention is expanded rear without this operation.3, swelling temperature of the present invention is 150-169 DEG C, and swelling temperature is different from the 170-210 DEG C of this invention.
Raw material sources of the present invention are extensively stablized, and can simplify edible fungus cultivating process, improve edible fungus living being conversion ratio.Through the Searches of Patent Literature, not and " the Cordceps militaris extrusion sterilizing production method " of overlap of the present invention, the culture technique of energy-saving low-carbon, shortening production technology is reached.So proposition the inventive method.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide the grain constituents such as a kind of rice, wheat is that primary raw material carries out extrusion process, be rapidly heated to 150-169 DEG C, the Cordceps militaris breeding method reaching energy-saving low-carbon, shorten the production time, reduce production cost.Expanding treatment is key problem in technology of the present invention, introduces extruding and puffing technology of the present invention below.
Extrusion operation principle: the nucleus equipment of extruding-puffing technique is extruder.Extruder has compression, mixing, mixing, melting, the function such as expanded, shaping.The cavity of extruder can be divided into 3-5 district, and each district can pass through steam or electrical heating, also by extrusion friction heating, thus reaches the object of boiling material, under the effect of material high temperature, high pressure in cavity, and starch gelatinization, protein denaturation.When material district each by extruding machine cavity time, the local flavor goods and materials of solubility and pigment can be injected among material under the effect of high pressure by cavity.At the end of extrusion chamber, the material of melting by extruding by the nib of template under the effect of high pressure, and due to the unexpected decline of pressure, water vapour undergoes rapid expansion is with lost, make product formation loose structure, then expanded material is cut into a certain size product by rotating knife.Single-screw extrusion machine and twin (double) screw extruder is the most often used in breakfast cereal is produced, and twin (double) screw extruder compares with single-screw extrusion machine the advantage of having more, because single-screw extrusion machine to raw meal particle size, moisture requirement, component requirements strictly, and easily produces the problems such as material flows backwards, screw rod is easy to wear.
The later composts or fertilisers of cultivating of extrusion is applicable to Cordceps militaris growth, also can carry out suitability for industrialized production and automatic management.Thus, obtain fresh former base and fruit body, dry former base or fruit body, and 100% scarlet caterpiller fungus mycelia (bacterium chaff, bacterium slag) of edibility, directly can become the raw material of human food, animal feed or become the raw material producing soy sauce, vinegar and medical product, thus not have discarded object to produce.For the new way that the sustainable development of Cordceps militaris provides.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
(1) with the grain such as rice, wheat class raw material for medium major ingredient, sugar, protein, vitamin, mineral salt etc. are auxiliary material, major ingredient and auxiliary material realize intensification 150-169 DEG C quick sterilization by extrusion sterilizing after sufficiently mixing, Cordceps militaris liquid spawn is inoculated after being cooled to room temperature, load in container, carry out the method managed according to known culture technique, this method can industrialization, automated production;
(2) with the 90-93% of medium component shared by the grain such as rice, wheat class raw material, the additive auxiliary material proportions such as sugar, protein, vitamin, mineral salt are 7-10%;
(3) sugar in adjunct ingredient can be one or more in glucose, sucrose, and its ratio is 2-3%, protein can be soy peptone, fish meal protein peptone, dried silkworm chrysalis meal one or more, its ratio is 4-5%, and vitamin ingredients can be VB
1, VB
2, VB
12, one or more in dusty yeast, its ratio is 0.5-1%, and mineral salt can be one or more in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, and its ratio is 0.5-1%;
(4) dilute Cordceps militaris liquid spawn, the ratio of Cordceps militaris liquid spawn and sterile water is 100:300-500, and optimal proportion is 100:300, and the liquid spawn after dilution and the ratio of composts or fertilisers of cultivating are 100:300-500, and optimal proportion is 100:350;
(5) composts or fertilisers of cultivating after extrusion process has the leavening structure of porous, after can inoculating Cordceps militaris liquid spawn, stirring technique can be used fully to mix by bacterial classification and composts or fertilisers of cultivating after being cooled to room temperature;
(6) Cordceps militaris container used is cultivated, can be that current cordyceps militaris cultivation uses more Cans, plastics mess-tin, plastic basin etc., can be the alcohol-pickled of use 75% concentration to the process of cultivating container, also the sterilizing of oxirane generator can be used, or ultraviolet sterilization, time 20-30 minute.
(7) by above-mentioned steps process, light culture can be carried out under existing cordyceps militaris cultivation technical regulation, illumination annesl go out grass etc. production process.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) conventional sterilizing methods makes starch gelatinization, can not make full use of; The technology of the present invention method makes medium microporous, makes biological transformation ratio from 90-110%, brings up to 160-180%, take full advantage of medium.Safety and sanitation, nuisanceless, pollution-free;
(2) method of conventional cordyceps culturing medium retort sterilization sterilizing consumes heat energy greatly, and the time is long.100 DEG C, normal pressure 8-10 hour; 127 DEG C, the high pressure of 1 kilogram also needs 2 hours.The particularly packing container of vial, plastic bottle and so on also together raised temperature.So consume heat energy large, the production time is long, and the technology of the present invention is rapidly heated to 150-169 DEG C by extrusion, quick sterilization process, reaches energy-saving low-carbon, shorten the production time, reduce the object of production cost;
(3) traditional Cordceps militaris breeding method goes out careless 90-95%, and new method goes out careless 92-97%, goes out careless raising about 2%;
(4) Cordceps militaris can being cultivated on streamline, greatly reduce production cost, opening wide prospect for realizing automated production Cordceps militaris.
(5) after the Cordceps militaris adopting extruding and puffing technology to produce is plucked, also has the scarlet caterpiller fungus mycelia (bacterium chaff, bacterium slag) of 100% edibility, directly can become the raw material of human food, animal feed or become the raw material producing soy sauce, vinegar and medical product, thus do not have discarded object to produce, the new way that the sustainable development for Cordceps militaris provides.
Effect of the present invention is: by adopting extrusion to be rapidly heated to 150-169 DEG C to cordyceps culturing medium, ultra high temperature short time sterilization method, makes composts or fertilisers of cultivating microporous, is easy to scarlet caterpiller fungus mycelium sorption enhanced, make average organism conversion ratio from 90-110%, bring up to 160-180%.Go out careless 92-97%, comparatively conventional breeding processes improves about 2%.There is energy-saving low-carbon, simple to operation, be easy to the advantages such as popularization.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The production method nutrient media components of the present embodiment Cordceps militaris extrusion sterilizing and content proportioning: rice 93%, glucose 2%, soy peptone 2%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 2%, dusty yeast 0.45%, VB
10.035%, VB
20.015%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25%, magnesium sulfate 0.25%.
(1), in the present embodiment 100kg medium, rice is 93kg, glucose 2kg, soy peptone 2kg, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 2kg, dusty yeast 0.45kg, VB
10.035kg, VB
20.015kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25kg, magnesium sulfate 0.25kg, fully mix rear input extruder and be rapidly heated to 150 DEG C by above-mentioned raw materials, expanded complete after be cooled to room temperature;
(2) Cordceps militaris liquid spawn is diluted, the ratio of Cordceps militaris liquid spawn and sterile water is 100:300, and the ratio of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and the liquid spawn after diluting is 100:350, and the liquid spawn namely after dilution is 350kg, before dilution, Cordceps militaris bacterial classification amount is 87.5kg, and sterile water is 262.5kg;
(3) cultivation container plastic mess-tin is used to the alcohol-pickled 20-30 minute of 75% concentration, drain after taking-up;
(4) every plastics mess-tin charging 50g, 100kg composts or fertilisers of cultivating totally 2000 boxes, after the composts or fertilisers of cultivating being cooled to room temperature is inoculated Cordceps militaris liquid spawn, can use stirring technique fully to mix by bacterial classification and composts or fertilisers of cultivating through extrusion process;
(5) according to carrying out light culture under existing cordyceps militaris cultivation technical regulation, illumination annesl goes out the production processes such as grass.
(6) obtain the fresh careless 170.65kg of Cordceps militaris altogether after plucking, biological transformation ratio is 170.65%.
Embodiment 2:
The production method nutrient media components of the present embodiment Cordceps militaris extrusion sterilizing and content proportioning: rice 90%, glucose 3%, soy peptone 2%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 3%, dusty yeast 0.95%, VB
10.05%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.5%.
(1), in the present embodiment 100kg medium, rice is 90kg, glucose 3kg, soy peptone 2kg, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 3kg, dusty yeast 0.95kg, VB
10.05kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5kg, magnesium sulfate 0.5kg, fully mix rear input extruder and be rapidly heated to 169 DEG C by above-mentioned raw materials, expanded complete after be cooled to room temperature;
(2) Cordceps militaris liquid spawn is diluted, the ratio of Cordceps militaris liquid spawn and sterile water is 100:400, and the ratio of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and the liquid spawn after diluting is 100:400, and the liquid spawn namely after dilution is 400kg, before dilution, Cordceps militaris bacterial classification amount is 80kg, and sterile water is 320kg;
(3) process of oxirane generator is used to take out after 20-30 minute to cultivation container plastic basin;
(4) every plastics mess-tin charging 400g, 100kg composts or fertilisers of cultivating totally 250 basins, after the composts or fertilisers of cultivating being cooled to room temperature is inoculated Cordceps militaris liquid spawn, can use stirring technique fully to mix by bacterial classification and composts or fertilisers of cultivating through extrusion process;
(5) according to carrying out light culture under existing cordyceps militaris cultivation technical regulation, illumination annesl goes out the production processes such as grass.
(6) obtain the fresh careless 176.43kg of Cordceps militaris altogether after plucking, biological transformation ratio is 176.43%.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the production method of Cordceps militaris extrusion sterilizing, it is characterized in that: with the grain such as rice, wheat class raw material for medium major ingredient, sugar, protein, vitamin, mineral salt etc. are auxiliary material, major ingredient and auxiliary material realize intensification 150-169 DEG C quick sterilization by extrusion sterilizing after sufficiently mixing, Cordceps militaris liquid spawn is inoculated after being cooled to room temperature, load in container, carry out the method managed according to known culture technique, this method can industrialization, automated production.
2. the production method of a kind of Cordceps militaris extrusion according to claim 1 sterilizing, it is characterized in that: with the 90-93% of medium component shared by the grain such as rice, wheat class raw material, the additive auxiliary material proportions such as sugar, protein, vitamin, mineral salt are 7-10%.
3. the production method of a kind of Cordceps militaris extrusion according to claim 1 sterilizing, it is characterized in that: the sugar in adjunct ingredient can be one or more in glucose, sucrose, its ratio is 2-3%, protein can be soy peptone, fish meal protein peptone, dried silkworm chrysalis meal one or more, its ratio is 4-5%, vitamin ingredients can be one or more in VB1, VB2, VB12, dusty yeast, its ratio is 0.5-1%, mineral salt can be one or more in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, and its ratio is 0.5-1%.
4. the production method of a kind of Cordceps militaris extrusion according to claim 1 sterilizing, it is characterized in that: dilution Cordceps militaris liquid spawn, the ratio of Cordceps militaris liquid spawn and sterile water is 100:300-500, optimal proportion is 100:300, liquid spawn after dilution and the ratio of composts or fertilisers of cultivating are 100:300-500, and optimal proportion is 100:350.
5. the production method of a kind of Cordceps militaris extrusion according to claim 1 sterilizing, it is characterized in that: the container that cultivation Cordceps militaris is used, can be that current cordyceps militaris cultivation uses more Cans, plastics mess-tin, plastic basin etc., can be the alcohol-pickled of use 75% concentration to the process of cultivating container, also the sterilizing of oxirane generator can be used, or ultraviolet sterilization, time 20-30 minute.
6. the production method of a kind of Cordceps militaris extrusion according to claim 1 sterilizing, is characterized in that: the biological transformation ratio of Cordceps militaris can reach 160-180%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107929788A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-20 | 镇江市天益生物科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of mushroom waste material sterilizing |
| CN108370852A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-08-07 | 镇江市天益生物科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of needle mushroom waste material sterilizing |
| CN108373975A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-08-07 | 镇江市天益生物科技有限公司 | A kind of low temperature cultivates the production method of Cordyceps militaris |
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2013
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| KR100239211B1 (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 2000-01-15 | 대한민국 | A cultivation of cordyceps militaris using silkworms |
| CN1425272A (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2003-06-25 | 陈顺志 | Method for openly cultivating northern Chinese caterpillar fungus and other edible fungus in factory |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107929788A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-20 | 镇江市天益生物科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of mushroom waste material sterilizing |
| CN108370852A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-08-07 | 镇江市天益生物科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of needle mushroom waste material sterilizing |
| CN108373975A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-08-07 | 镇江市天益生物科技有限公司 | A kind of low temperature cultivates the production method of Cordyceps militaris |
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