CN1045557C - 一种用于成形加工刀具的切削刀片 - Google Patents

一种用于成形加工刀具的切削刀片 Download PDF

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CN1045557C
CN1045557C CN94191024A CN94191024A CN1045557C CN 1045557 C CN1045557 C CN 1045557C CN 94191024 A CN94191024 A CN 94191024A CN 94191024 A CN94191024 A CN 94191024A CN 1045557 C CN1045557 C CN 1045557C
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cutting
blade
cutting edge
discharging surface
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CN1116835A (zh
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拉斯-冈讷·沃斯托姆
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Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/202—Plate-like cutting inserts with special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/08—Rake or top surfaces
    • B23C2200/085—Rake or top surfaces discontinuous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/12—Side or flank surfaces
    • B23C2200/125—Side or flank surfaces discontinuous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
    • B23C2200/201—Details of the nose radius and immediately surrounding areas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
    • B23C2200/205—Discontinuous cutting edges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/23—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/23—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
    • Y10T407/235—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges with integral chip breaker, guide or deflector

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于成形加工刀具的切削刀片制成具有一个出屑角或前角随切深增加而增加的出屑面。以这种方式越靠近工作负荷最大的使用的切削刀片的拐角，切削刃越强。同时，对增加切深，前角增加而切削力减少，此处特定工作负荷较小。

Description

一种用于成形加工刀具的切削刀片
本发明涉及一种用于成形加工刀具，特别是铣刀，例如面铣刀的切削刀片。该刀片最好是由制造刀片的粉末成型压制并烧结制成。刀片包括一上出屑面，一个设置在与加工刀具的一合作底支撑面接合处的下平底面，以及延伸在这些表面之间的至少三个侧面。至少一个侧面沿构成一切削刃的一刃与上出屑面相邻。
这种刀片越来越多地通过直接压接方法生产。该方法是首先把粘结的碳化物粉末，在适于达到目的的压制工具中压制成所要求的形状，随后在一个炉中，在大约1000℃的温度下烧结达到最终的强度。压制工序已经多年的改进，今天如此好地规定了工艺，至使有可能提供有很大精确度的加强倒角和后面，靠近切屑成形面的成形切削刃。此外，甚至在烧结生产时的收缩也包括在压制工具尺寸的计算之中。
今天，切削刀片几何形状趋向于越来越尖锐的前角，即，越来越大的正前角，众所周知这可带来一系列的好处，例如由于保持了正的切削几何形状，切削力小和能耗低，很好限定的切削刃可有高精度尺寸，以及在选择后角时有更大的自由。不足的自然是切削刃角变得更尖而由此更弱了，这能使切削刃产生破裂，特别是在高工作负载例如商进给和/或高切深时。常用可转住刀片大部分暴露的部分是切削刃端，即，刀片的拐角与工件相啮合。因此，刀片的端头或最靠近工件的部分对磨损例如破损或断裂是最敏感的。所以，要求增强切削刃拐角，使它能经受高工作负载，而同时尽可能正的保持切削刀片几何形状，其目的是为获得尽可能小的切削力。特别在大切深时，切削刃的大部分与工件相啮合，要求出屑角尽可能是正的，因为切削力随切深增加而增加。在小切深时，普通铣床的效力正常下是足够的。
本发明的目的是解决现有技术的切削刀片存在的上述问题，提供一种具有强的切削拐角部分和尽可能最正的出屑角的切削刀片。
为实现本发明的上述目的，本发明提供了一种用于成形加工刀具的切削切片，包括一上面，一适于置在与加工刀具的一合作支撑接合处的下平底面，延伸在上面和底面之间的至少三个侧面，至少一个侧面沿构成一主切削刃的一刃与上面相邻，一部分上面沿着并邻接该主切削刃延伸，还有一个形成在工件上的表面的第二切削刃，其特征在于还包括一螺旋扭曲出屑面所述的出屑面的前角随切深增加而增加。
沿切削刃具有扭曲出屑面的可转位刀片本身已公知，见例如EP-A-239045和EP-A-392730。然而，这公开的两者所披露的刀片，其被扭曲的出屑面相对本发明是直接相反的方式，即，在这些公开物中最靠近切削刀片拐角的前角有最大的正出屑角，而在最大切深处，这些公开技术披露的是最小正前角。
因此，这些公知刀片被二个本发明已设法消除的缺欠所削弱。一方面，公知刀片容许一个变弱的切削拐角部而另一方面特定切削力随切深增加而增加。进一步说，上述二个欧洲专利公开物两者披露的特征是为保持切削刃角不变，后面应制成螺旋形。即使这不变的角度自身带来这样的优点：后角能够在刀片相对工件在正的轴向倾斜度时基本保持不变；不过这现有技术设计也导致了这样的缺点：与一个其侧面相对平底面垂直或稍微倾斜成一不变的钝角的可转位刀片相比较，切削刃被进一步削弱了。
已发现根据本发明的刀片当加工硬材料，以及带有很多空腔的工件，例如航空工业中铝基型面，有令人惊奇的能力。刀片甚至有益地用于低碳钢上而不用任何去毛刺。由于有益的正切削几何形状，根据本发明的刀片也已成功使用在与更弱的铣床有关方面。
为了说明而非限制的目的，现在将更周密地结合附图所表示的最佳实施例地蚝说明。附图中同一物用同一件号，附图中：
图1是一根据本发明切削刀片的透视图；
图2是一根据本发明刀片的顶视图；和
图3a、3b和3c是沿图2中Ⅰ-Ⅰ、Ⅱ-Ⅱ和Ⅲ-Ⅲ线的剖视图。
参照图1和2，一可转位切削刀片1有或是一个长方形(图1)或是一个菱形的基本形状(图2)。刀片包括一基本平的上面2和平的底面，其合适地与上面2平行。在上面和底面之间，侧面3沿切削刀片较长一侧延伸，而侧面6、6′沿切削刀片较短一侧延伸。在切削刀片拐角设有光滑圆形的侧部4。在侧面6、6′和圆形侧部4之间延伸平面5。
侧面3、5和6基本是平的。相对上面2和底面的侧面的倾斜度不构成本发明的本质特征。然而，根据公知技术，为提供合适的间隙，侧面与上面形成一直角或锐角。因此，侧面和上面2之间角度能够在65°和90°，最好在75°和85°之间变化。
在平上面2和侧面3、4、5和6的上棱之间，分别延伸着出屑面7、8、9和10(在图2中是7′、8′、9′和10′)。根据图1和2，出屑面升起在上面2的平面之上，从上面2的界定线上到切削刃12、13和14以及刃15。切削刃12构成主切削刃；切削刃13构成拐角切削刃；切削刃14构成第二切削刃或刨平切削刃。切削刃14有产生工件表面的任务，而主切削刃的任务是从工件上切去切屑。在第二切削刃14和刃15的延长部分之间的角度不是本发明的本质特征，但适于在0.5°到20°，最好在1°到10°之间。
根据本发明，出屑面7、7′从使用的切削刀片拐角开始，在逆时针方向上被螺旋扭曲。参照图3a、3b和3c，出屑面7、7′的前角随离切削刀片拐角的距离增加而增加。靠近刀片拐角的前角A适于在5°和35°之间；而在两拐角间中间的前角B一般最好在10°和40°之间；而离刀片拐角最远的前角C是在15°和45°之间。所有这些前角都是以前角A＜前角B＜前角C为条件的。A最好是在5°和15°之间；B最好是在10°和20°之间；C最好是在15°和25°之间；再使A＜B＜C。
出屑面10的倾斜度对本发明不是关键的，因为作为出屑面它不是主要的。然而，刀片也能配给一正方形基本形状，由此刃15也用作为一主切削刃，类似于切削刃12。二个提到的切削刃在刃片是正方形时等长。根据正方形刀片实例，替换了表面10的出屑面也最好具有螺旋扭曲结构，类似于出屑面7、7′。
表面8和9朝水平面的倾斜度不是本发明的本质特征。然而，它不应超过出屑面7、7′相邻部分的倾斜度。
根据本发明的刀片，适于设有一中央位置通孔11，用以插入适当的紧固装置，例如一螺丝、一锁紧销、等等。
根据所说明的实例，主切削刃完全是直的。然而，它也能稍微向外弯曲，以补偿刀片的正的轴向倾斜度，并因此更好地保证了铣削面的完全平面性。
本发明的原理、最佳实施例和操作模式在前面的说明书中已经描述。然而，可以作出的种种变型和变化均落入本发明的精神和范围。因此，打算要保护的发明是限定在附加的权利要求之中。

Claims (5)

1．一种用于成形加工刀具的切削切片，包括一上面(2)，一适于置在与加工刀具的一合作支撑接合处的下平底面，延伸在上面和底面之间的至少三个侧面，至少一个侧面沿构成一主切削刃(12)的一刃与上面相邻，一部分上面沿着并邻接该主切削刃延伸，还有一个形成在工件上的表面的第二切削刃，其特征在于还包括一螺旋扭曲出屑面(7、7′)所述的出屑面的前角随切深增加而增加。
2．根据权利要求1所述的刀片，其特征在于，所述的上面(2)包括一平的中央面和围绕该平的中央面的出屑面，出屑面升起在平的中央面之上，至少一出屑面是螺旋扭曲出屑面。
3．根据权利要求2所述的刀片，其特征在于，所述的前角在最靠近刀削刀片拐角至少是5°，并且离切削刀片拐角最远处最大是45°。
4．根据权利要求1至3中任意之一所述的刀片，其特征在于，所述的侧面(3)基本是平的。
5．根据权利要求1或2所述的刀片，其特征在于，所述的刀片是通过把刀片制造材料的粉末成型压制并烧结而制成。
CN94191024A 1993-01-27 1994-01-26 一种用于成形加工刀具的切削刀片 Expired - Lifetime CN1045557C (zh)

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SE9300238A SE500722C2 (sv) 1993-01-27 1993-01-27 Skär med vriden spånyta
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AT (1) ATE164542T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69409365T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2116579T3 (zh)
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CN112543688A (zh) * 2018-08-30 2021-03-23 三菱综合材料株式会社 切削刀片及可转位刀片式切削工具
JP7011689B1 (ja) * 2020-08-11 2022-01-27 株式会社タンガロイ 切削インサート及び回転切削工具
JP7041408B1 (ja) * 2021-04-30 2022-03-24 株式会社タンガロイ 切削インサート
US11897043B2 (en) * 2021-12-31 2024-02-13 Kennametal Inc. Cutting inserts for use in milling tools

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Cited By (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8821080B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2014-09-02 Kennametal Inc. Cutting insert for high feed face milling
US7806634B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2010-10-05 Tdy Industries, Inc. Cutting insert for high feed face milling, and milling cutter tool including same
US7988387B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2011-08-02 Tdy Industries, Inc. Cutting insert for high feed face milling
US8162572B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2012-04-24 TDY Industries, LLC Cutting insert for high feed face milling
US8444352B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2013-05-21 TDY Industries, LLC Cutting insert for high feed face milling
US9446460B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2016-09-20 Kennametal Inc. Cutting insert for high feed face milling
CN101198448B (zh) * 2005-06-13 2012-06-27 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 带有多个切割刀刃的螺旋切割刀片
US7905687B2 (en) 2007-01-16 2011-03-15 Tdy Industries, Inc. Cutting insert, tool holder, and related method
US7905689B2 (en) 2008-05-07 2011-03-15 Tdy Industries, Inc. Cutting tool system, cutting insert, and tool holder
US7976250B2 (en) 2009-02-12 2011-07-12 Tdy Industries, Inc. Double-sided cutting inserts for high feed milling
US8491234B2 (en) 2009-02-12 2013-07-23 TDY Industries, LLC Double-sided cutting inserts for high feed milling
US9586264B2 (en) 2009-04-28 2017-03-07 Kennametal Inc. Double-sided cutting insert for drilling tool
US8807884B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-08-19 Kennametal Inc. Tool holder for multiple differently-shaped cutting inserts
US9011049B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2015-04-21 Kennametal Inc. Double-sided cutting inserts with anti-rotation features
US9283626B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2016-03-15 Kennametal Inc. Double-sided cutting inserts with anti-rotation features

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE500722C2 (sv) 1994-08-15
IL108411A0 (en) 1994-04-12
JPH08505813A (ja) 1996-06-25
IL108411A (en) 1996-11-14
DE69409365D1 (de) 1998-05-07
KR100299470B1 (ko) 2001-11-22
US5466097A (en) 1995-11-14
WO1994016847A1 (en) 1994-08-04
CN1116835A (zh) 1996-02-14
EP0682581B1 (en) 1998-04-01
ATE164542T1 (de) 1998-04-15
DE69409365T2 (de) 1998-07-23
KR960700116A (ko) 1996-01-19
SE9300238L (sv) 1994-07-28
EP0682581A1 (en) 1995-11-22
SE9300238D0 (sv) 1993-01-27
RU2108211C1 (ru) 1998-04-10
ES2116579T3 (es) 1998-07-16

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