CN104544400B - 一种含冬虫夏草提取物的复配保健饮料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含冬虫夏草提取物的复配保健饮料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种含有冬虫夏草提取物的复配保健饮料的制备方法。由冬虫夏草、刺五加、黄芪、党参、当归、五味子、酸枣仁、灵芝、大枣、枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果这些药食材的提取物和白砂糖、蜂蜜、环糊精和纯净水组成，其生产工艺由原料粉碎、有效成分提取、干燥、调配各组分比例、混合均质、脱气、杀菌、罐装、封口冷却制备得到成品。该工艺具有设备简单、投资小、成本低、产品口感好和适合规模工业化生产的优点，产品具有很高的保健价值，长期饮用可补中益气、补血养生、养胃健脾、改善睡眠质量和增强机体免疫力等诸多功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能饮料的技术领域，具体涉及一种以冬虫夏草提取物为主要原料的多功能保健饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着生活节奏的加快，社会竞争也逐渐加剧，很多人会因为工作、学习压力和进入老年期等而容易产生疲劳感，气血两虚，睡眠质量不佳和免疫力低下等亚健康问题，并因此影响很多人的生活质量。
功能性饮料是指通过调整饮料中营养素的成分和含量比例，在一定程度上调节人体功能的饮料。随着人们生活水平的提高和养生保健意识的增强，人们对保健饮料的要求也越来越高，积极研发新型健康饮料具有非常重要的意义。如今市场上的功能性饮料多为添加维生素、牛磺酸、肌醇、咖啡因等营养强化剂的功能因子，长期饮用存在安全隐患，可能危害人体健康，在饮料中添加违禁物质的案例也时有发生。现代社会在温饱问题满足之后，人们对健康日益关注，也伴随着“回归自然”思潮的兴起和“治未病”意识的觉醒，对于清新自然、低糖、低热量，具有增强免疫、防病、美容、抗氧化、抗疲劳等特殊保健功能的饮料兴趣倍增，这也意味着开发天然功能饮料具有很大的潜在市场。
发明内容
因此，本发明根据中医药理论，在不添加防腐剂和营养强化剂的情况下，开发出了一种具有抗疲劳、抗氧化、增加免疫力、改善体质、改善睡眠等多种功能的纯天然植物保健饮料，具有安全健康、无毒副作用和保健功效好等优势，具有良好的市场前景。
本发明目的在于提供一种含冬虫夏草提取物的复配保健饮料的制备方法，由以下步骤组成：
(1)调配，将冬虫夏草提取物4-6g、刺五加提取物1-2g、黄芪提取物0.5-0.7g、党参提取物0.8-1g、当归提取物0.3-0.5g、五味子提取物0.2-0.5g、酸枣仁提取物0.2-0.4g、灵芝提取物0.2-0.3g、大枣提取物0.2-0.3g、枸杞子提取物0.1-0.3g、山楂提取物0.1-0.3g、桂圆提取物0.2-0.4g、罗汉果提取物0.2-0.3g、白砂糖0.3-0.5g、蜂蜜0.1-0.4g、环糊精0.1-0.3g加入到5L纯水中，混匀后过滤，其中各提取物的制备方法如下：
A.冬虫夏草提取物的制备：将冬虫夏草粉末按重量比1:20的比例加入水，95℃水浴回流2h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩15倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉；
B.刺五加提取物的制备：刺五加粉末加15倍重量份的水，95℃水浴回流1.5h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经50℃旋蒸浓缩至尽干，加无水乙醇进行醇沉得到沉淀，将沉淀过滤，冷冻干燥成粉；
C.黄芪、当归、党参提取物的制备：黄芪粉末加10倍重量份的水，搅拌均匀，浸泡15min，煎煮0.5h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到当归和党参提取物；
D.五味子、灵芝和酸枣仁提取物的制备：将五味子粉末按照重量比1:10的比例加入水，85℃水浴浸泡1h，冷却至室温，加入质量分数为1％的纤维素酶在60℃条件下处理3-5h，抽滤后残渣加水重复提取2次；合并2次滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到灵芝和酸枣仁提取物；
E.大枣、枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果提取物的制备：将大枣粉末按照重量比1:10的比例加入水，加热保持微沸状态，煎煮30min，过滤后将残渣再次提取过滤，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果提取物；
(2)均质，压力设置为35MPa；
(3)脱气，将调配均质好的料液泵入真空脱气机中，保持真空度高于600mmHg进行脱气处理；
(4)灌装封口，灌装采用高温瞬时灭菌，温度120℃，时间15s，装罐。
在一些实施方式中，刺五加、黄芪、党参、当归、五味子、酸枣仁、灵芝、大枣、枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果粉末均为过24目筛所得的粉末。
冬虫夏草，大量的研究表明，冬虫夏草含有虫草酸、多糖、腺苷、麦角甾醇等活性物质，具有增强机体免疫、抗氧化、抗疲劳、耐缺氧，抗心律失常、抗肿瘤，抗应激、调节内分泌系统和中枢神经系统和保护肝肺肾的药理作用。
刺五加可增强机体非特异性防御能力，除具有益气健脾、补肾安神、免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗辐射、抗损伤及抗疲劳作用外，还可治疗心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、神经衰弱等症。
黄芪是具有补气固表、利尿托毒、排脓、敛疮生肌的作用。现代研究分析，黄芪含有多种皂甙、黄酮、多糖，以及氨基酸、生物碱等复杂的化学成分。有增强机体免疫功能、保肝利尿、抗氧化、抗应激、降压和较广泛的抗菌作用，也能消除实验性肾炎蛋白尿，增强心肌收缩力，调节血糖含量。
党参补中益气、止渴、健脾益肺，养血生津。药理研究表明，党参有增强免疫力、扩张血管、降压降血糖、改善微循环、增强造血功能、抗溃疡、镇静安神、益智等作用。与黄芪配伍，前者益气生血长于止泻，后者着重补虚专于气分而达肌表，一里一表，两者共用，相辅相成，更能增加扶正补气、益气健脾的功效。
当归是一种良好的补血药，中医理论上具有补血活血、调经止痛、润燥滑肠的功效。现代医学表明，当归具有很好的保健作用具有抗缺氧、抗肿瘤、调节机体免疫、护肤美容、补血活血、抑菌和抗动脉硬化作用。
五味子敛肺，滋肾，生津，收涩，一直以来常被用于食疗保健，能提高体力、延缓衰老、消除疲劳、改善智力及提高工作效率，对于许多老年病都有缓解和治疗作用。
酸枣仁具有抗惊厥、镇痛和降温，抗心律失常、改善心肌缺血、降血压、降血脂功效，还能增强免疫功能和抗血小板聚集。与五味子配伍，具有更好的收敛和镇静安神效果。
灵芝是我国传统的药用珍品，在我国已经有上千年的应用历史，现代研究表明其具有抗肿瘤、提高机体免疫功能、治疗心脑血管疾病等功效。其中富含灵芝多糖和三萜类物质，同时还含有丰富的粗纤维、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物元素等。
大枣富含蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、胡萝卜素、B族和C族维生素以及磷、钙、铁等成分，其中维生素C的含量在果品中名列前茅。大枣具有补虚益气、养血安神、健脾和胃、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤和抗过敏、增强肌力、改善心肌营养等食疗药效，是良好的保健营养品。
枸杞子滋补肝肾，益精明目，具有降血糖、降血脂、抗疲劳、耐缺氧、改善身体机能、增强机体免疫力等功效。
山楂为药食两用的天然植物，口感好，富含人体所需营养物质。具有降血脂、血压、强心、抗心律不齐等作用，同时，山楂也是健脾开胃、消食化滞、活血化痰的良药。
桂圆含有多种营养物质，有补血安神、健脑益智、补养心脾的功效，是健脾长智的传统食物，对失眠、心悸、神经衰弱、记忆力减退、贫血有益。同时，龙眼是具有良好抗氧化活性的食品。
罗汉果为卫生部首批公布的药食两用名贵中药材，其所含罗汉果甜甙比蔗糖甜300倍，不产生热量，是蔗糖的最佳替代品及调味佳品。含丰富的维生素C以及糖甙、果糖、葡萄糖、蛋白质、脂类等，在抗氧化、抗癌、降血脂、益肤养颜、明目排毒等方面具有显著效果。
本发明的优点在于：
(1)制备方法设备简单、投资省、工艺简单、生产成本低，适合规模工业化生产；且在制备过程中采用的冷冻干燥法，最大程度保存了中药提取物的活性成分，减少活性损失。
(2)以中医药理论为基础，冬虫夏草复配保健饮料中的多种组分相辅相成，相互协同，对改善机体疲劳，增强免疫力有明显帮助。
(3)多种药食材提取物的制备采用了差异化的提取方式，最大程度的提取了不同药食材中的活性成分。
具体实施方法
下面通过实施例进一步描述本发明，但本发明并不仅限于所述实施例。
实施例1
(1)提取物的制备
A.冬虫夏草提取物的制备：将冬虫夏草粉末按料液比1:20的比例加入水，95℃水浴回流2h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩15倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉；
B.刺五加提取物的制备：刺五加粉末加15倍重量份的水，95℃水浴回流1.5h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经50℃旋蒸浓缩至尽干，加无水乙醇进行醇沉得到沉淀，将沉淀过滤，冷冻干燥成粉；
C.黄芪、当归、党参提取物的制备：黄芪粉末加10倍重量份的水，搅拌均匀，浸泡15min，煎煮0.5h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到当归和党参提取物；
D.五味子、灵芝和酸枣仁提取物的制备：将五味子粉末按照料液比1:10的比例加入水，85℃水浴浸泡1h，冷却至室温，加入质量分数为1％的纤维素酶在60℃条件下处理3h，抽滤后残渣加水重复提取2次；合并2次滤汁，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到灵芝和酸枣仁提取物；
E.大枣、枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果提取物的制备：将大枣粉末按照料液比1:10的比例加入水，加热沸腾，保持微沸状态，煎煮30min，过滤后将残渣再次提取过滤，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果提取物；
(2)调配，将冬虫夏草提取物4g、刺五加提取物1g、黄芪提取物0.5g、党参提取物0.8g、当归提取物0.3g、五味子提取物0.2g、酸枣仁提取物0.2g、灵芝提取物0.2g、大枣提取物0.2g、枸杞子提取物0.1g、山楂提取物0.1g、桂圆提取物0.2g、罗汉果提取物0.2g、白砂糖0.3g，蜂蜜0.1g，环糊精0.1g定容至5L。再搅拌均匀，过滤除去不溶性残渣；
(3)均质，压力设置为35MPa；
(4)脱气，将调配均质好的料液泵入真空脱气机中，保持真空度高于600mmHg进行脱气处理；
(5)灌装封口，灌装采用高温瞬时灭菌，温度120℃，时间15s，然后用易拉罐、玻璃瓶或者纸盒装罐。
实施例2
将冬虫夏草提取物6g、刺五加提取物2g、黄芪提取物0.7g、党参提取物1g、当归提取物0.5g、五味子提取物0.5g、酸枣仁提取物0.4g、灵芝提取物0.3g、大枣提取物0.3g、枸杞子提取物0.3g、山楂提取物0.3g、桂圆提取物0.4g、罗汉果提取物0.3g、白砂糖0.5g，蜂蜜0.4g，环糊精0.3g定容至5L。再搅拌均匀，过滤除去不溶性残渣。
各提取物的制备、均质、脱气、灌装过程同实施例1。
实施例3
将冬虫夏草提取物5g、刺五加提取物1.5g、黄芪提取物0.6g、党参提取物0.9g、当归提取物0.4g、五味子提取物0.35g、酸枣仁提取物0.3g、灵芝提取物0.15g、大枣提取物0.25g、枸杞子提取物0.2g、山楂提取物0.2g、桂圆提取物0.3g、罗汉果提取物0.25g、白砂糖0.4g，蜂蜜0.25g，环糊精0.2g定容至5L。再搅拌均匀，过滤除去不溶性残渣。
各提取物的制备、均质、脱气、灌装过程同实施例1。
实施例4
收集气血两虚，食欲不振，睡眠质量较差，容易疲劳的亚健康人群30例，年龄55-68岁。每日饮用2瓶按照实施例1制备的保健饮料(400mL/瓶)，连续20天之后，有18人以上身体状态明显改善，体力增强，精神饱满，睡眠质量提高，免疫力增强，无不良反应。
实施例5
收集工作压力较大，容易疲劳，睡眠不佳，气血不旺的的亚健康人群50例，年龄30-50岁。每日饮用1罐按照实施例3制备的保健饮料(350mL/罐)，连续20天之后，有32人以上身体状态得到改善，工作精力旺盛，睡眠质量较好。
Claims (1)
1.一种含冬虫夏草提取物的复配保健饮料的制备方法，由以下步骤组成：
(1)调配，将冬虫夏草提取物4-6g、刺五加提取物1-2g、黄芪提取物0.5-0.7g、党参提取物0.8-1g、当归提取物0.3-0.5g、五味子提取物0.2-0.5g、酸枣仁提取物0.2-0.4g、灵芝提取物0.2-0.3g、大枣提取物0.2-0.3g、枸杞子提取物0.1-0.3g、山楂提取物0.1-0.3g、桂圆提取物0.2-0.4g、罗汉果提取物0.2-0.3g、白砂糖0.3-0.5g、蜂蜜0.1-0.4g、环糊精0.1-0.3g加入到5L纯水中，混匀后过滤，其中各提取物的制备方法如下：
A.冬虫夏草提取物的制备：将冬虫夏草粉末按重量比1:20的比例加入水，95℃水浴回流2h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩15倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉；
B.刺五加提取物的制备：刺五加粉末加15倍重量份的水，95℃水浴回流1.5h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经50℃旋蒸浓缩至尽干，加无水乙醇进行醇沉得到沉淀，将沉淀过滤，冷冻干燥成粉；
C.黄芪、当归、党参提取物的制备：黄芪粉末加10倍重量份的水，搅拌均匀，浸泡15min，煎煮0.5h，过滤得滤液，重复2次，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到当归和党参提取物；
D.五味子、灵芝和酸枣仁提取物的制备：将五味子粉末按照重量比1:10的比例加入水，85℃水浴浸泡1h，冷却至室温，加入质量分数为1％的纤维素酶在60℃条件下处理3-5h，抽滤后残渣加水重复提取2次；合并2次滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到灵芝和酸枣仁提取物；
E.大枣、枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果提取物的制备：将大枣粉末按照重量比1:10的比例加入水，加热保持微沸状态，煎煮30min，过滤后将残渣再次提取过滤，合并滤液，经45℃旋蒸浓缩8倍之后，冷冻干燥成粉，采用同样的提取方法得到枸杞子、山楂、桂圆、罗汉果提取物；
(2)均质，压力设置为35MPa；
(3)脱气，将调配均质好的料液泵入真空脱气机中，保持真空度高于600mmHg进行脱气处理；
(4)灌装封口，灌装采用高温瞬时灭菌，温度120℃，时间15s，装罐。
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