CN104541578A - 用于提供可变照明的方法、系统和设备 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
- H05B47/11—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the brightness or colour temperature of ambient light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/19—Controlling the light source by remote control via wireless transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
- H05B47/115—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the presence or movement of objects or living beings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
数字控制就绪(DCR)是用于控制和管理下一代器材的双向开放标准。具有DCR能力的照明器材响应来自单独数字光剂(DLA)的数字控制信号而不是模拟调光信号,从而消除对数/模信号调节、响应中的器材间变化以及特定于每一器材进行校准的需要。另外,具有DCR能力的照明器材还可经由将所述数字控制信号运载到所述器材的同一双向数据链路向所述DLA报告其电力消耗、测得光输出、测得色温、温度和/或其它工作参数。所述DLA在反馈环路中处理这些信号,以实施更精确的照明控制。所述具有DCR能力的照明器材还将AC电力变换成DC电力,且经由DCR接口将DC电力供应到所述DLA(且测量DC电力)。这些特征使得智能连网DCR照明系统能够以与其它智能照明网络相比较低的电力(能量)消耗、较大的灵活性以及较简单的安装来工作。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请根据35U.S.C.§119(e)要求2012年3月19日提交的、代理人案号099431-0145(DL0018P01)、标题为“Lighting Fixture”的美国临时专利申请号61/612,580的权益,所述申请在此以引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请还根据35U.S.C.§119(e)要求2012年9月6日提交的、代理人案号099431-0148(DL0020P01)、标题为“Digital Light Agent”的美国临时专利申请号61/697,635的权益,所述申请在此以引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请还根据35U.S.C.§119(e)要求2013年2月8日提交的、代理人案号099431-0152(DL0021P01)、标题为“Digital Light Agent”的美国临时专利申请号61/762,592的权益,所述申请在此以引用的方式并入本文中。
背景技术
智能照明系统组合固态光源、嵌入式传感器和控件,以及低成本普及式网络,以创建高度响应其环境的集成照明系统。一些或所有此类系统的益处可包括(但不限于)为用户需求特别定制的高得多的光质量,以及与传统照明系统技术相比显著的能量节省。
发明内容
本发明的实施方案包含一种用于为环境提供可变照明的系统。在一个实施方案中,所述系统包含:至少一个数字控制就绪(DCR)照明器材,其安置在环境的第一位置中,以将可变照明提供给所述环境的至少一部分;以及至少一个数字光剂(DLA),其安置在所述环境的第二位置中,且可操作地耦合到至少一个DCR照明器材,以响应于环境的至少一个变化控制至少一个DCR照明器材。
在至少一个实施方案中,DCR照明器材包括器材外壳,其含有且/或支撑至少一个光源(例如,一个或多个发光二极管(LED))、至少一个光源驱动器、交流(AC)电力输入、电力转换器、功率计以及器材输入/输出总线。在工作中,所述光源响应于来自DLA的数字控制信号产生可变照明。光源驱动器(其可操作地耦合到光源)根据数字控制信号,使用来自AC电力输入的AC电力来为光源供电,所述AC电力输入可操作地耦合到光源驱动器和电力转换器。电力转换器在小于或等于+60V(例如,+40VDC、+24VDC或+12VDC)的电压下将AC电力转换成直流(DC)电力,从而为DLA供电。可耦合到光源驱动器、AC电力输入和/或电力转换器的功率计测量DCR照明器材的电力消耗。并且,可操作地耦合到光源、电力转换器和功率计的器材输入/输出总线接收来自DLA的数字控制信号,且向DLA提供代表DCR照明器材的电力消耗和/或光输出的至少一个数字报告信号。举例来说,此数字报告信号可包含关于DCR照明器材的电力消耗、能量消耗、AC电力质量、色温、光强度和/或温度的信息。器材输入/输出总线还将DC电力提供给DLA。
在某些实施方案中,DLA包含DLA外壳,其固持且/或支撑至少一个传感器(例如,占用传感器、温度传感器、环境光等级传感器和时钟)、存储器、处理器、DLA输入/输出总线以及网络接口(例如,天线)。在工作中,传感器提供代表环境的变化(例如,占用率、环境光等级、温度、时间等的变化)的至少一个传感器信号。存储器存储管理由DCR照明器材基于环境的变化而提供的可变照明的变化的至少一个规则。可操作地耦合到传感器且耦合到存储器的处理器基于所述规则和传感器信号产生数字控制信号,且经由DLA输入/输出总线将数字控制信号发射到DCR照明器材。DLA输入/输出总线还接收来自DCR照明器材的数字报告信号和DC电力。并且,可操作地耦合到处理器的网络接口向用户提供代表数字报告信号、数字控制信号和/或传感器信号的数据。
本发明性照明系统的一些实施方案包含电缆,其将器材输入/输出总线连接到DLA输入/输出总线。此电缆和输入/输出总线可与本地互连网络(LIN)标准、控制器区域网络(CAN)标准、KNX标准和/或数字可寻址照明接口(DALI)标准兼容。在一些情况下,照明系统包含:第二DCR照明器材,其经由第二电缆可操作地耦合到DLA;以及任选地,第三DCR照明器材,其经由耦合到第二DCR照明器材的第三电缆可操作地耦合到DLA。
器材输入/输出总线和DLA输入/输出总线的实施例可各自包括:相应的电力端口,其用于DC电力的第二部分;相应的共用端口,其用于参考电压电平;以及至少一个相应数据端口,其用于至少一个数字报告信号和至少一个数字控制信号。器材输入/输出总线和DLA输入/输出总线可各自与本地互连网络(LIN)标准、控制器区域网络(CAN)标准、KNX标准和/或数字可寻址照明接口(DALI)标准兼容。
示范性DCR照明器材还可包含至少一个传感器以及耦合到所述传感器的处理器。传感器测量至少一个器材参数,例如光源(例如LED)的温度、光源偏压、光源工作电流、光源色温和/或光源色彩。处理器从传感器接收此器材参数测量,且经由器材输入/输出总线中的数据端口将代表器材参数的测量信号发射到DLA。
本发明的另外实施方案包含一种用来自安置在环境内的第一位置中的至少一个DCR照明器材的可变照明来照明所述环境的方法。此方法的一个实施例包括在安置在环境内的第二位置中的DLA处感测环境的至少一个变化(例如,占用率、环境温度和/或环境光等级的变化)。DLA或其它处理器至少部分地基于环境的变化来确定来自DCR照明器材的可变照明的变化,且至少部分地基于可变照明的此变化来产生数字控制信号。DLA经由连接到输入/输出总线的至少一个电缆将此数字控制信号发射到DCR照明器材。
DLA还可经由电缆和输入/输出总线,例如在小于或等于+40VDC、+24VDC、+12VDC等的电压下,从DCR照明器材接收(DC)电力。DLA还可经由电缆和输入/输出总线接收代表DCR照明器材的电力消耗的数字报告信号。在这些情况下,DLA或其它处理器可至少部分地基于DCR照明器材的电力消耗来确定可变照明的变化。并且,DLA可经由天线或其它无线链路发射代表DCR照明器材的电力消耗的数据。
出于本公开的目的,术语“环境光”指遍布给定环境或空间的可见辐射(即,波长介于约450nm与约700nm之间的辐射)。换句话说,环境光是柔和的间接光,其充实环境的体积,且是环境内的人可察觉的。
类似地,术语“环境光等级”指每单位面积的表面上的照度或光通量。照度是入射光照明多少表面的度量,其由光度函数进行波长加权,以与人类亮度感知相关。可以勒克斯(每平方米的流明)或呎烛光来测量光通量。
以下美国公开的申请在此以引用的方式并入本文中:
2010年6月25日提交、2012年2月29日发布、且标题为“LED-BASEDLIGHTING METHODS,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEMS EMPLOYING LEDLIGHT BARS,OCCUPANCY SENSING,LOCAL STATE MACHINE,ANDMETER CIRCUIT”的美国专利号8,138,690;
2009年4月14日提交、2012年7月31日发布、且标题为“MODULARLIGHTING SYSTEMS”的美国专利号8,232,745;
2010年6月30日提交、2012年12月25日发布、且标题为“POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT WITH POWER METERING”的美国专利号8,339,069;
2010年6月17日提交、2010年11月25日公布、且标题为“SENSOR-BASED LIGHTING METHODS,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEMSEMPLOYING ROTATABLE LED LIGHT BARS”的美国专利授予前公开号2010-0296285-A1;
2010年6月24日提交、2010年12月2日公布、且标题为“LED-BASEDLIGHTING METHODS,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEMS EMPLOYING LEDLIGHT BARS OCCUPANCY SENSING,AND LOCAL STATE MACHINE”的美国专利授予前公开号2010-0301773-A1;
2010年6月24日提交、2010年12月2日公布、且标题为“LED-BASEDLIGHTING METHODS,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEMS EMPLOYING LEDLIGHT BARS,OCCUPANCY SENSING,LOCAL STATE MACHINE,ANDTIME-BASED TRACKING OF OPERATIONAL MODES”的美国专利授予前公开号2010-0302779-A1;
2010年6月28日提交、2010年10月21日公布、且标题为“POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT WITH ADAPTIVE DIMMING”的美国专利授予前公开号2010-0264846-A1;
2010年6月30日提交、2010年11月25日公布、且标题为“LEDLIGHTING METHODS,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEMS INCLUDINGRULES-BASED SENSOR DATA LOGGING”的美国专利授予前公开号2010-0295473-A1;
2010年6月30日提交、2010年12月2日公布、且标题为“LED LIGHTINGMETHODS,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEMS INCLUDING HISTORICSENSOR DATA LOGGING”的美国专利授予前公开号2010-0301768-A1;
2012年3月20日提交、2012年9月20日公布、且标题为“METHODS,APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR PROVIDING OCCUPANCY-BASEDVARIABLE LIGHTING”的美国专利授予前公开号2012-0235579;
2011年11月4日提交、2012年6月7日公布、且标题为“METHOD,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEM FOR OCCUPANCY SENSING”的美国专利授予前公开号2012-0143357;
2011年11月4日提交、2012年5月10日公布、且标题为“METHOD,APPARATUS,AND SYSTEM FOR OCCUPANCY SENSING”的WO2012/061709;
2012年3月20日提交、2012年9月27日公布、且标题为“METHODS,APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR PROVIDING OCCUPANCY-BASEDVARIABLE LIGHTING”的WO 2012/129243;以及
2012年11月2日提交、且标题为“METHODS,APPARATUS ANDSYSTEMS FOR INTELLIGENT LIGHTING”的PCT/US2012/63372。
应了解,预期前述概念以及下文更详细论述的另外概念的所有组合(前提是此些概念不互相不一致)为本文所公开的发明性标的物的一部分。明确地说,在本公开开始处出现的所要求保护标的物的所有组合均预期为本文所公开的发明性标的物的一部分。还应了解,也可在以引用的方式并入的任何公开中出现的本文明确使用的术语应被赋予与本文所公开的特定概念最一致的含义。
附图说明
所属领域的技术人员将理解,图式主要是用于说明目的,且无意限制本文所描述的发明性标的物的范围。图式不一定是按比例绘制的;在一些例子中,本文所公开的发明性标的物的各个方面可在图式中夸大或放大展示,以促进对不同特征的理解。在图式中,相同参考字符通常指代相同特征(例如,功能上类似且/或结构上类似的元件)。
图1说明常规智能照明系统。
图2A说明根据本发明实施方案的具有耦合到DCR数字光剂(DLA)的数字控制就绪(DCR)照明器材的智能照明系统。
图2B说明根据本发明实施方案的经由菊链连接控制多个DCR照明器材的DLA。
图3说明根据本发明实施方案的DCR照明器材。
图4说明根据本发明实施方案的DLA。
图5A说明根据本发明实施方案的具有经由DLA器材适配器(DLAFA)耦合到DLA的常规照明器材的智能照明系统。
图5B说明根据本发明实施方案的经由与DCR照明器材的菊链连接中的DLAFA控制多个DCR照明器材的DLA。
图6说明根据本发明实施方案的适合与DCR照明器材一起使用的数字光剂器材适配器(DLAFA)或智能电力组。
图7A到7D展示根据本发明实施方案的通过实施多级占用率、任务调优、日光采集以及调度DCR智能照明系统的响应来实现示范性电力节省。
图8是展示根据本发明实施方案的根据DCR智能照明系统的节省源而分布的示范性电力节省的饼图。
具体实施方式
以下是与用于通过数字控制就绪照明器材提供可变照明的发明性系统、方法和设备有关的各种概念以及其实施方案的更详细描述。应了解,上文所介绍且下文更详细地论述的各种概念可以大量方式中的任一方式来实施,因为所公开的概念不限于任何特定实施方式。主要出于说明性目的来提供特定实施方案和应用的实施例。
连网照明系统
图1展示连网照明系统100,其适合照明仓库、冷藏设施、办公空间、零售空间、体育场馆、学校、住宅区、室外空间、监狱、工业设施或其它环境。连网照明系统100以比常规照明系统高的效率且比常规照明系统低的成本提供可变照明。连网照明系统100也可为能量管理、安全性和美感而定制。
连网照明系统100包含一个或多个照明器材110,其中的每一者包含一个或多个光源,例如发光二极管(LED)、荧光灯泡等。每一照明器材110由来自线电压继电器140的切换交流(AC)电力142供电。如所属领域的技术人员所理解,线电压继电器140含有至少一个开关(未示出),其可断开和闭合,以分别关断和接通切换AC电力142。
每一照明器材110还经由射频电缆、光纤链接、无线红外链接或射频无线链路(例如,紫蜂链路)可操作地耦合到相应的无线网络适配器150。在一些情况下,单个无线网络适配器150可耦合到一个以上照明器材110;在其它情况下,连网照明系统100包含用于每一照明器材110的一个(专用)无线网络适配器150。
无线网络适配器150由AC电力输入102(例如,100到277VAC,50/60Hz)供电,且经由有线或无线链路耦合到环境光传感器120和低压占用传感器130。无线网络适配器150包含一个或多个变压器,其将AC输入电力102变换成适合为环境光传感器120和占用传感器130供电的直流(DC)电力。在此情况下,无线网络适配器150将24VDC电力156供应到环境光传感器120和占用传感器130两者。
环境光传感器120监视照明器材110所照明的环境中的环境光等级,且提供代表其检测到的光的量的0到10VDC模拟环境光等级信号122。类似地,占用传感器130监视照明器材110所照明的环境的占用率,且提供代表所述环境是否被占用的数字占用信号132(例如,5V晶体管到晶体管逻辑信号)。
无线网络适配器150分别从环境光传感器120和占用传感器130接收环境光等级信号122和数字占用信号132,且根据存储在存储器(未示出)中的一个或多个规则来处理所述信号。这些规则管理连网照明系统对环境光等级、占用率、每天的时间、每周的天数、环境温度、照明器材温度、能量消耗以及表征所照明环境的其它参数的变化的响应。无线网络适配器150中的处理器(未示出)实施状态机,其基于传感器信号和规则评估照明器材的输出的变化。举例来说,如果无线网络适配器150接收到指示环境光等级的增加的环境光等级信号122,且感测到照明器材110正以其最大额定输出的70%进行工作,那么无线网络适配器150可将照明器材的输出减少到其最大额定输出的60%。如果无线网络适配器150在数小时之后接收到“高”占用信号132,且感测到不存在可感知的环境光且照明器材110关闭,那么无线网络适配器150可使照明器材110转为以其最大额定输出的25%工作。
无线网络适配器150通过调整确定照明器材的输出照明等级的模拟0到10VDC调光信号152来控制照明器材110。假定无滞后或响应非线性,照明器材的输出照明等级随调光信号的振幅线性变化:10VDC产生最大照明,9VDC产生最大照明的90%,依此类推。因为调光信号152是模拟信号,所以其必须连续供应,只要假设照明器材110以所要输出等级发射光即可。另外,不同器材不同地响应同一模拟调光信号,这使得标准化无线网络适配器150等控制硬件较困难。甚至给定器材可在不同环境条件(例如温度)下且在其使用寿命的不同点不同地响应同一模拟调光信号。为了补偿这些变化,无线网络适配器150可必须根据器材110校准(且周期性地校准),这可能是耗时且昂贵的。
无线网络适配器150还可接通和关断整个照明器材110。如图1中所示,无线网络适配器150将数字继电器输出154供应到线电压继电器140,其将切换AC电力142供应到照明器材110。如果无线网络适配器150确定没有理由来照明环境(例如,不存在占用且所照明的设施关闭),那么其可通过发射导致线电压继电器中的开关断开的数字继电器输出154来关断切换AC电力142。这使照明器材的电力消耗减少到零;甚至备用电力也不供应到照明器材。这还给予无线网络适配器150对照明器材的电力消耗的粗略控制。
数字控制就绪(DCR)智能照明系统
图2A展示使用双向开放标准来控制和管理称为数字控制就绪(DCR)标准的下一代器材的智能照明系统200。DCR标准是简单的、可扩展且低成本的将具能量效率且特征丰富的功能性添加到任何照明器材或照明系统(例如,照明系统200)的方式。与其它连网照明系统(其可具有许多专用的昂贵组件)相比,图2A中展示的DCR智能照明系统200安装和操作起来可较简单且较便宜。所述系统还可比其它连网照明系统容易扩展且灵活。
使用DCR标准,可将“哑”DCR照明器材210变换成能够进行占用检测、日光采集、任务调优、0到100%数字调光以及经由单独的无线数字照明剂(DLA)220进行无线控制和管理的智能器材。DLA 220经由网络接口(例如,天线、自由空间光学收发器、有线连接或光纤链路)连接到网关、服务器或其它中央管理装置(未示出)。因为DLA 220与DCR照明器材210分开,所以其天线可经定位以在较长射程上、以较好的信号保真度且/或以较低的发射功率发送和接收信号。另外,DLA的网络接口(天线)例如使用可从计算机或智能电话等连网装置接入的接口来实现DCR照明器材210的远程控制。
DCR照明器材210在控制层处是网络不可知的,且使用双向数字数据链路而不是0到10VDC模拟调光输入来进行通信。DCR照明器材210也是“能量感知的”:其用仪表测量且经由数据链路报告其电力和能量消耗。并且,所述DCR照明器材210将DC电力(例如,来自2类输出的24VDC电力)提供给电力模块控制附件,包含DLA 220。
在图2A中所示的智能照明系统200中,DCR照明器材210经由DCR电缆230耦合到DLA 220,DCR电缆230包含电力线232、共用(接地)线234以及双向数据接口236。DCR照明器材210在电压60VDC、40VDC、24VDC、12VDC、9VDC、5VDC或任何其它合适电压下,经由电力线232和共用线234将DC电力提供给DLA 220。DCR照明器材210使用一个或多个变压器(未示出)产生此DC电力,以将来自AC输入线202的AC电力变换成DC电力。
DCR照明器材210经由双向数据接口236(其可包含电缆中的一根或多根线)与DLA 220交换信息。在一些情况下,数据接口236可包含支持DCR照明器材210与DLA 220之间的经时间多路复用的通信的单根线。数据接口236还可包含将信号从DCR照明器材210运载到DLA 220的一根或多根线,以及将信号从DLA 220运载到DCR照明器材210的一根或多根线。
如所属领域的技术人员所理解,电力线232、共用线234以及双向数据链路236可各自包含由同轴绝缘层(例如,一片同心固态塑料或橡胶)环绕的导电线(例如,固态或多股金属线)。如果需要,所述线还可至少部分地由单独的金属护罩或常见的金属护罩和外保护层包住。用于生产DCR电缆230的合适物理标准包含但不限于本地互连网络(LIN)标准、控制器区域网络(CAN)标准、KNX标准以及数字可寻址照明接口(DALI)标准。举例来说,DCR电缆230可符合合适的常见标准,例如RJ-45标准,且以合适的连接件终止,例如RJ-45连接件、RJ-11连接件、终端块或任何其它合适类型的连接件。
类似于其它连网照明系统,图2A中展示的智能照明系统200适合照明仓库、冷藏设施、办公空间、零售空间、体育场馆、学校、住宅区、室外空间、监狱、工业设施或其它环境。在工作中,DCR照明器材210中的一个或多个光源(例如,LED)根据来自DLA 220的数字控制信号提供可变照明。因为DCR照明器材210响应数字控制信号而不是模拟控制信号,所以与常规(模拟)器材相比,其更均匀且更一致地产生光。对于给定数字控制信号,光输出也在器材之间较少变化。数字信令的使用还消除了对单独数/模适配器的需要。
不同于常规器材,DCR照明器材210测量其电力消耗、能量消耗(例如,在给定周期内)、工作温度、所命令光等级、实际光等级、命令色温、实际色温、色彩(色度)、输出光谱、剩余LED寿命等,且在周期性、根据需要或根据命令基础上向DLA 220报告这些测量结果。可使用此双向通信来实施闭环反馈控制以获得更精确的照明。
DCR照明器材210还可经由双向数据链路236向DLA 220(且/或向器材适配器,如下文所论述)报告识别信息。举例来说,DCR照明器材210可例如响应于来自DLA 220的查询、在加电时、在周期性基础上或在任何其它合适基础或时线上,将其序列号、型号、构造、网址、物理位置或任何其它识别信息发射给DLA 220。DCR照明器材210还可发射关于其配置或能力的信息,包含但不限于其最大和最小光输出等级;其最大和最小额定电力消耗;其色温和色温范围;照明器材中的照明模块的数目和定向;以及照明模块中的光源(例如,LED)的数目、类型和预期寿命。并且,DCR照明器材210可响应于来自DLA 220的查询、在加电时、在周期性基础上、作为周期性“健康检查”广播的一部分或在任何其它合适基础或时线上将此信息发射到DLA 220。
DLA 220从DCR照明器材210接收并处理测量结果。DLA 220还用一个或多个占用、环境光等级和温度传感器来监视所照明的环境以寻找占用率、环境光等级、温度等的变化。DLA 220还可经由网络接口(例如,天线)从其它来源(包含中央控制器、其它DLA和其它DCR照明器材)接收命令和/或数据。DLA 220根据存储在存储器(未示出)中的一个或多个规则来评估此信息。这些规则中的每一规则管理一对智能照明网络的(或DCR照明器材的)可能工作状态之间的转变。对于给定当前工作状态,可存在有限数目的可能下一工作状态,其中从当前工作状态到特定下一工作状态的转变由环境条件和/或DCR照明器材的工作参数的变化决定。
如果DLA 220确定DCR照明器材的工作状态应改变(例如,其光输出应下降,因为其正消耗过多电力),那么DLA 220将表示DCR照明器材的新工作状态的数字控制信号发射到DCR照明器材210。此数字控制信号可包含表示DCR照明器材的光(调光)等级、色温、色彩、输出光谱、目标电力消耗、最大电力消耗或任何其它器材参数的位(例如,4、8、16、32或64位)。DCR照明器材210响应于此数字控制信号,例如响应于不同的光输出等级或色温来调整其工作状态。因为命令信号是数字的不是模拟的,所以其不必连续地发射,单次发射就足够。
DLA 220还可经由双向数据链路236重新编程DCR照明器材210。举例来说,DLA 220可更新DCR照明器材220所使用的固件。DLA 220还可加载DCR照明器材210所使用的校准数据或查找表数据,以将来自DLA 220的数字命令信号转换成用于驱动DCR照明器材210中的各种组件和模块(例如,用于提供照明的LED的LED驱动器)的电压和/或电流设定。另外,DLA 220可设定DCR照明器材的“持久”工作参数(例如,最大电力或照明等级)中的一者或多者。
控制多个DCR照明器材
图2B说明具有DCR能力的连网照明系统250,其包含由单个DLA 220控制的若干DCR照明器材210′、210″、210″′以及210″″(合称器材210)。DLA 220经由第一DCR电缆230′连接到第一DCR照明器材210′,正如图2A中所示的系统200中一样。第二器材210″经由第二DCR电缆230″或其它合适的双向数据链路连接到第一器材210′,第三器材210″′经由第三DCR电缆230″′连接到第二器材210″,依此类推。换句话说,器材210使用相应的DCR电缆230′、230″、230″′、230″″(合称DCR电缆230)菊链到DLA 220。
如上文所论述,第一DCR电缆230′将DC电力以及数据从第一器材210′运载到DLA 220。此数据可包含从菊链中的其它器材210传递下去的数据,包含关于所述器材的当前工作状态、相应的电力消耗和网络健康的信息。此信息可在菊链上向上传递,例如从第三器材210″′向第二器材210″传递,依此类推,其中每一相继器材210仅路由所述信息,而不是以任何方式分析或处理所述信息。可用表明其起源(例如,第三器材210″′)的标头信息来寻址或标记上游数据。
第一DCR电缆230′还将来自DLA 220的数字控制信号运载到第一器材210′,所述信号对影响其工作状态的命令起作用,且经由其它电缆230沿菊链向下发射寻址到其它器材210的命令。这些数字控制信号可包含影响网络250中的每个器材210的广播消息(例如,“断电”或“增加光输出”),以及目标为特定器材210或器材210的群组的消息。这些器材特定消息可基于本地化的环境改变,例如在所照明环境的特定部分中检测到的活动(运动)、预测的运动或环境光等级的变化(例如,更多的光穿过特定窗户或天窗)。第二以及后续电缆230可在或可不在器材230之间运载DC电力,其取决于器材的特定电力要求和可用的电力供应。
数字控制就绪(DCR)照明器材
图3是图2A中所示的DCR照明器材210的框图。DCR照明器材210包含功率计310、低压电力供应器320、处理器(微控制器330)、一个或多个LED驱动器340以及DCR接口(端口)350。DCR照明器材210还包含一个或多个LED模块342a、342b、…、342n(合称LED模块342),其中的每一者包含一个或多个LED。LED模块342消耗电力,且根据微控制器330经由DCR端口350从DLA 220(图2A)接收到的数字控制信号来发射光,这可符合RJ-45标准。在一些情况下,DCR照明器材210可具有另外的DCR端口350,例如以支持如图2B中所示的菊链连接,或支持到其它具有DCR能力的装置的连接。
功率计310耦合到AC输入302,其从外部来源接收线AC电力。功率计310可在硬件或软件中实施,且测量DCR照明器材100所消耗的电力。作为非限制实施例,功率计310可包含西锐(Cirrus)CS5490双信道能量测量集成电路,其提供高准确度能量测量、芯片上能量计算以及快速芯片上校准。还可在给定周期内(例如,在最近记账间隔内或从最后查询或报告开始)对DCR照明器材100所消耗的能量进行计数或整合。功率计310的一些实施例还可跟踪器材210中的每一组件或模块消耗多少电力。举例来说,功率计310可测量低压供应器320、微控制器330和LED驱动器340消耗多少电力(和能量)。
功率计310将电力消耗数据和能量消耗数据供应到微控制器330,其经由DCR端口350向DLA 220(图2A)报告所述数据。微控制器330还报告关于器材的工作状态的其它数据,例如其工作温度、LED的色温、实际LED输出(其可用耦合到微控制器330的光传感器来测量),以及故障的指示(例如,错误消息)。微控制器330通过产生一个或多个数字信号,并经由DCR端口350中的数据输出端口356将其发射到DLA 220(未示出)来报告此信息。微控制器330可以规则间隔(例如,每小时)、在受DLA 220命令时、响应于预定事件(例如,在加电、断电时,或在发生组件故障时)向DLA 220报告此数据的一些或全部。
微控制器330还从DLA 220接收、处理且执行数字控制信号。举例来说,如果微控制器330接收到LED模块342所提供的指示光等级或色温的所要变化的数字控制信号,那么其致动LED驱动器340,以便提供所要的光等级。LED驱动器340通过增加或减小提供给LED模块342的电流来响应此致动,这又导致光等级相应地增加或降低。微控制器330还可致动LED驱动器340,以便致动LED模块342所发射的光束的色温、色彩、束角度、束的数目、束影响区域等。
如上文所提到,DCR照明器材210还经由DCR接口350中的+DC端口352将DC电力提供给DLA 220。此电力由低压电力供应器320产生,低压电力供应器320经由功率计310接收来自AC输入302的AC电力。低压电力供应器320包含至少一个AC到DC转换器,以将AC电力变换成适合为DLA 220、微控制器330、LED驱动器340以及DCR照明器材210中的其它电子组件供电的DC电力。低压电力供应器320还可包含一个或多个DC到DC转换器,以根据需要逐步增加或降低来自AC到DC转换器的DC电压。
DCR数字光剂
图4是图2A中所示的数字光剂(DLA)220的示意图。为了便于安装,DLA 220的实施方案可由低成本的成品硬件和特征紧凑且灵活的设计制成。举例来说,DLA 220可具有电和机械连接,其使得在几分钟之内升级现存器材成为可能。一旦经安装,DLA 220就提供智能占用控制、任务调优以及日光采集,以获得减少的电力消耗。
DLA 220包含处理器(微控制器410)、DC电力转换器420、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)430、连网模块440、DCR接口450以及可扩展传感器总线460,其将一个或多个集成传感器462a、462b、…、462n(合称传感器462)固持为安置在外壳470内。如所属领域的技术人员所理解,这些电子组件可经由电连接(导电迹线)或光学连接(自由空间或波导链路)可操作地耦合在一起。
DCR接口450经配置以接收DC电力和数据,且经由DCR电缆230将数据发射到DCR照明器材210(图2A)或其它DCR兼容组件。如上文所述,DCR端口包含DC电压端口(例如,+12VDC到+24VDC)、共用端口,以及一个或多个数据端口。经由DCR端口450接收的电力流到DC电力转换器420,其使接收到的DC电压逐步升高或降低到适合为微控制器410、存储器430、传感器462以及DLA 220中的其它电子组件供电的电压电平。
传感器462可包含但不限于占用传感器462a(例如,双元件无源红外线占用传感器)、数字环境光传感器462b、内部温度传感器、外部温度传感器、实时时钟以及功率计(例如,实用级功率计)。这些传感器462检测与器材210所照明的环境和/或网络200以及DLA 220本身的条件相关联的环境条件。如果需要,传感器462中的一者或多者可光学耦合到相应的透镜,以获得改进的感测能力。可基于DLA在所照明的环境中的位置来选择这些透镜。举例来说,所述透镜可提供用于高棚和室外安装的广域覆盖、用于中棚安装的较窄覆盖等。
可校准传感器462(包含占用传感器462a和环境光传感器462b),以便使照明网络的性能适合环境的特定特性。举例来说,可校准占用传感器462a,以便针对人和交通工具提供不同程度的响应性。类似地,可校准环境光传感器462b以考虑或补偿环境中的表面的反射率的变化、传感器462b与窗户或天窗之间的障碍物的存在等。DLA 220可在内部,例如基于微控制器410所得出或提供给微控制器410的关于传感器462的信息(例如,传感器元件、透镜、放大器等)来执行这些校准中的一者或多者。还可基于已知刺激(例如,已知环境光等级或已知的占用轮廓)的传感器测量,手动或经由外部命令校准DLA 220。传感器校准可为自动化且/或连续的(例如,如用从传感器数据得出的开环反馈来实施)。还可使用手持式校准工具、软件、DLA 220上的按钮接口等来离散地运载(例如,在安装或例行维护期间)。
DLA 220还可使用来自环境光传感器462b的数据来执行DCR照明器材的LED的老化/折旧补偿。为了这样做,DLA 220跟踪所命令的光等级与随着时间过去而检测到的光等级之间的关系,可能通过存储将所命令和检测到的光等级的记录(数据)存储在EEPROM 430中来实现。DLA 220分析此数据本身,或经由连网模块440将数据发射到外部处理器或管理模块以供分析。在任一情况下,所述分析涉及针对给定所命令光等级确定检测到的光等级的变化。换句话说,DLA 220或外部处理器确定DCR照明器材210应正产生多少光,以及其实际正产生多少光,并相应地调整DCR照明器材210中的校准常数。短时间尺度(例如,分钟、小时或天)上的照明等级变化可指示环境变化,而较逐渐的变化可指示LED降级、传感器降级或两者。针对给定所命令光等级的所检测光等级的急剧变化可表示环境变化或组件故障。在一些情况下,可用来自其它传感器(例如,占用传感器462a)、组件或用户输入的数据来消除这些变化。
微控制器410可将来自DLA的电子组件和照明器材210(图2A)的传感器数据和故障信息记录在存储器430中。举例来说,微控制器410可随时间而记录占用数据,以供稍后分析所照明环境中的占用和交通模式。微控制器410还可记录并分析长期变化,例如一年中的平均环境光等级的变化。可在DLA 220板上或远程分析此数据,以调整照明系统200的工作,例如以便降低电力消耗、改进安全性等。
微控制器410还可使用实时和所记录传感器来控制DCR器材210,以便仅在需要时且在需要之处提供光,从而显著降低照明相关能量的使用。举例来说,占用传感器462a可向微控制器410提供多位数字信号,其表示占用者的数目、占用者的类型(例如,是交通工具还是人),以及占用者在照明系统200所照明的环境中的轨迹(例如,无移动、直线移动等)。微控制器410通过根据存储在存储器中的规则产生一个或多个数字控制信号且经由DCR端口450(例如,RJ-45端口)将数字控制信号发射到DCR照明器材210(图2A)来响应此多位信号。
类似地,微控制器410可命令DCR照明器材210基于数字环境光传感器462b所检测到的环境光等级的变化而改变状态。在一些情况下,DLA 220可在环境光等级增加时,通过减少器材210所提供的光的量来实施“日光采集”。换句话说,当太阳光(或来自其它来源的光)的量增加时,DLA 220可自动对光器材210进行调光,以便维持照明系统200所照明的环境中的恒定光等级。此实时反馈允许在动态条件下对所递送光的精确控制。
DLA 220还可产生数字命令信号,其提供根据所照明环境的占用者所进行的特定任务而调谐的照明。这种类型的照明控制和管理(其称为“任务调谐”)涉及使用嵌入DLA 220中的环境光传感器462b来允许用户根据手边的特定任务来定制所递送的光等级。因为大多数空间(环境)在设计上由强光照明,所以这通常导致大量节省。举例来说,用户可使用以通信方式耦合到DLA 220的接口(例如,网络浏览器或智能手机应用程序)在特定任务高度(例如,轨道高度)或任务表面(例如,桌子表面)处设定所要光等级(例如,30ft-cd)。DLA 220通过使用由来自数字环境光传感器462b的环境光等级测量所提供的闭环反馈调整DCR器材210所提供的照明以提供所要光等级来响应此指令。在一些情况下,DLA 220可使用经校准传送功能来将测得环境光等级映射到任务高度处的光等级,如2012年11月2日申请且标题为“METHODS,APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR INTELLIGENTLIGHTING”的PCT/US2012/63372中公开,该案以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
可使用存储在耦合到微控制器410的存储器430中的指令(软件)来动态地调整日光采集、基于占用的照明以及其它基于任务和环境的照明行为。举例来说,这些指令可致使微控制器410基于管理系统对改变的环境和系统参数的响应的规则来实施状态机。这些指令还可基于设施用户或操作者所提供的时间表来导致照明的变化。还用来自经由连网模块440以通信方式耦合到DLA 220的服务器、网关或其它中央管理模块的指令来扩增、更新或覆盖存储在存储器430中的指令。另外,连网模块440可接收用于对照明器材210、DLA 220和/或照明系统200的任一其它部分的实时控制的指令。连网模块440还可充当无线网状网络或多跳无线网络中的节点。
如所属领域的技术人员所理解,连网模块440可包含用于与紫蜂/IEEE802.15.4链路、Wi-Fi路由器、无线网管或其它合适无线装置进行无线通信的射频(rf)天线(未示出)。在一些情况下,将天线安置在外壳470内,外壳470可较薄且在不阻碍无线通信的rf波长下足够可穿透。在其它情况下,天线的至少一部分突出穿过外壳470,以防止对天线所发射和接收的信号的不需要的衰减或干扰。
连网模块440还可用来在安装后调试DLA 220。举例来说,可使用与USB紫蜂无线电耦合的跨平台(Win/Mac)调试工具应用程序(未示出)来无线配置DLA 220。此无线工具包允许安装者和/或最终用户:将名称或地址指派给器材以用于识别目的;设定活动和非活动光等级;设定占用传感器462a的超时;以及设定活动和非活动状态的环境光目标。如果需要,用户可使用调试工具应用程序和单独(例如,手持式)光计或光电检测器来校准环境光传感器462b。可使用此校准来微调或扩增DLA的工厂校准,其可包括使用软件和硬件来校准DLA的基于软件的电力估计器。用户还可使用调试工具应用程序来下载所记录的数据,包含事件历史和能量使用率,且更新存储在存储器430中的固件。
如上文所提到,DLA的电子组件可安置在外壳470内。外壳的物理形状因子可基于PCA空间要求、传感器透镜约束以及所要的无线天线覆盖。举例来说,外壳470可经成形以用于表面安装,安装在凹入式接线盒包裹体中,或安装在到照明器材210的导管上。在一个实施方案中,外壳470为约11cm高乘11cm宽乘3.0cm深。外壳470可为经注射模制的或以其它方式由聚合材料形成,例如丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)聚合物,其较坚硬,耐冲击且耐热,并符合适当的火和电安全标准。外壳470可足够好地保护DLA的电子组件,以承受约-40℃到约50℃的温度范围和约0%到约95%的湿度范围内的工作。
具有常规照明器材的DCR智能照明系统
图5A是包含常规可调光照明器材110(上文相对于图1所描述)的DCR连网照明系统500的图。常规器材110经由DCR数字光剂器材适配器(DLAFA)520可操作地耦合到DLA 220。DLA 220经由DCR电缆230连接到器材适配器520,且DLAFA可操作地连接到常规器材110。
如图5A中所示,从DLA 220的观点来看,器材适配器520将常规器材110变换成DCR器材。器材适配器520将来自AC输入502的AC电力变换成DC电力(例如,处于+60、+40、+24、+12、+9或+5VDC),器材适配器520将所述DC电力供应到DLA 220。器材适配器520还经由将器材适配器520连接到器材110的AC线522将带开关的AC电力供应到常规器材110。
另外,为了供应电力,器材适配器520监视器材的电力消耗、能量消耗等。器材适配器520经由DCR电缆230将此数据报告给DLA 220,如上文相对于图2A所描述。器材适配器520还从DLA 220接收数字控制信号,且使用其来产生适合控制照明器材110所发射的光的强度的0到10VDC模拟调光信号。
类似于图2B中所示的DLA 220,可使用DLAFA来同时控制一个以上常规照明器材110。举例来说,图5B说明包含若干常规照明器材110′、110″和110″′(合称器材110)的连网照明系统550,所述常规照明器材由单个DLA220经由单个器材适配器520来控制。在此特定配置中(即,一个DLA 220连接到一个器材适配器520,其又连接到许多常规器材110),器材适配器520提供单个模拟调光信号,其致使所有的所连接器材110同时调光到同一调光/光等级。器材适配器520经由第一电力线522′和第一模拟控制线524′将模拟调光信号和带开关的AC电力提供给第一照明器材110′,正如图5A中所示的系统500中一样。第二器材110″经由第二电力线522″和第二模拟控制线524″连接到第一器材110′,依此类推。换句话说,使用相应的AC电力线522′、522″和522″′(合称AC电力线522)和相应的模拟控制线524′/524″和524″′(合称模拟控制线524)来将器材110菊链到器材适配器520。
DCR数字光剂器材适配器(DLAFA)
图6是分别用于图5A和5B的连网照明系统500和550中的器材适配器520的框图。器材适配器520包含功率计610、低压电力供应器620、处理器(微控制器630)、信号调节块640、至少一个DCR端口650(例如,两个DCR端口650)以及可切换AC继电器660,其全部安置在外壳670内。功率计610耦合到AC输入502,且提供实用级电力计量,用于将光变成所管理的能量资源。功率计610测量并记录器材适配器520所消耗的电力的量,以及经由带开关的AC电力输出662提供给照明器材110的带开关的AC电力的量,带开关的AC电力输出662可包括AC线、中性点、接地和带开关的连接。带开关的AC电力输出662还将AC电力提供给可切换AC继电器660,且提供给低压电力供应器620,其将AC电力变换成DC电力(例如,约+12VDC到约+24VDC),用于经由DCR端口650为DLA 220供电。
DCR端口650,其可为RJ-45兼容连接件还将数据发射到所连接的DCR兼容控制模块,如DLA 220。所发射的数据包含来自功率计610的电力消耗信息,以及可能关于器材110、器材适配器520和网络的健康状况的信息。举例来说,器材适配器520可向DLA 220报告其自己的电路中的故障。
DCR端口650还使器材适配器520能够提供对将平滑数字调光添加到较宽范围的遗留器材类型的全范围(例如,0到10VDC)调光控制。如上文所述,DLA 220基于来自器材适配器520的数据产生用于改变器材110所发射的照明的光等级、色温、色度等的数字控制信号。在此情况下,器材适配器520接收这些数字控制信号,并使用信号调节电路640将其转换成0到10V模拟调光信号。此信号调节电路640经由调光输出642将模拟调光信号发射到器材,调光输出642可包含0到10VDC输出连接件以及0到10VDC参考连接件。器材适配器520可连续地供应此模拟调光信号,直到其接收到来自DLA 220的另一数字控制信号为止。如上文所提到,0到10VDC调光控制的问题之一是不能保证在器材之间是一致的,例如,两个原本相同的器材在均被调光到0到10VDC输入上的3.5V时可能输出不同的光等级。为此,器材适配器520还可存储和执行可编程校准功能以允许所命令的输出等级(例如来自DLA 220的“设定为最大亮度的35%”)与0到10VDC输出信号之间的关系的定制。
类似于DCR照明器材210,器材适配器520可向DLA 220发射识别信息,例如类型和序列号,以及能力信息,例如最大光输出和色温。器材适配器520可响应于来自DLA 220的查询来进行此操作,作为周期性“健康检查”发射的一部分、在加电时,等等。器材适配器520可得出和/或存储关于常规器材110的信息,例如器材类型、位置、能力等,并自动地或响应于命令将此信息提供给DLA 220。
另外,DLA 220还可经由双向数据接口236重新编程器材适配器520。举例来说,DLA 220可更新器材适配器520所使用的固件。DLA 220还可加载DCR照明器材220所使用的校准数据或查找表数据,以将来自DLA 220的数字命令信号转换成用于控制器材110的模拟调光信号电压电平。另外,DLA 220可设定器材适配器的“持久”工作参数(例如,最大功率或照明等级)中的一者或多者。
器材适配器520可包含外壳670,其界定紧凑的螺栓紧固包裹体,例如适合安装在多种环境中的具有坚固的较小形状因子IP30额定ABS包裹体的外壳。举例来说,外壳670可为约2.5cm高乘3.0cm宽乘17.8cm深。外壳670可为经注射模制的或以其它方式由聚合材料形成,例如ABS聚合物,其较坚硬,耐冲击且耐热,并符合适当的火和电安全标准。外壳670可足够好地保护器材适配器的电子组件,以承受约-40℃到约50℃的温度范围和约0%到约95%的湿度范围内的工作。
能量节省
图7A到7D和图8说明可用例如图2A、2B、5A和5B中所示系统的DCR智能照明系统实现的能量节省。图7A到7D中的曲线图展示DCR智能照明系统所支持的不同类型的行为管理的电力消耗对每天的时间,以及总是接通(例如,在工作日开始时(例如,上午6点)接通)且在工作日结束时(例如,下午6点)关断的器材的(恒定)电力消耗。突出显示的区域表示与总是接通的相当照明系统的能量消耗相比,用对应的行为控制实现的能量消耗的减少。图7A展示多级基于占用的控制导致20%到80%的能量节省;图7B展示任务调优导致5%到40%的能量节省;图7C展示日光采集导致高达30%的能量节省;且图7D展示调度导致5%到30%的能量节省。图8展示分摊到每一类型的行为管理的能量节省。这些曲线图显示使用许多不同类型的传感器(占用率、环境光、每天的时间)和控制策略(例如,多级基于占用的控制、任务调优、日光采集和调度)导致较大的能量节省。与本文所公开的DCR照明网络和具有DCR能力的照明器材、器材适配器和DLA相关联的一个创新是将这些不同类型的传感器集成到低成本、模块化硬件封装(例如,图2中的DLA 220)中,且使用软件来实施控制策略(与图1中所示的多盒架构的硬连线行为对照)。
结论
虽然本文已描述并说明了各种发明性实施方案,但所属领域的技术人员将容易想象用于执行功能和/或获得结果和/或本文所述的优点中的一者或多者的多种其它装置和/或结构,且认为此些变化和/或修改中的每一者在本文所述的发明性实施方案的范围内。更一般地说,所属领域的技术人员将容易了解,本文所描述的所有参数、尺寸、材料和配置意在为示范性的,且实际参数、尺寸、材料和/或配置将取决于特定应用或本发明的教示所用于的应用。所属领域的技术人员将认识到或能够使用不超过例行实验来确定本文所述的特定发明性实施方案的许多均等物。因此,将理解,仅通过实施例方式来呈现前述实施方案,且在所附权利要求书及其均等物的范围内,可以与具体描述且主张的方式不同的方式来实践本发明性实施方案。本发明的发明性实施方案是针对本文所述的每一个别特征、系统、物品、材料、套件和/或方法。另外,两个或两个以上此类特征、系统、物品、材料、套件和/或方法(如果此些特征、系统、物品、材料、套件和/或方法不是互相不一致的)的任何组合包含在本发明的发明性范围内。
上文所述的实施方案可以大量方式中的任一者实施。举例来说,可使用硬件、软件或其组合来实施所述实施方案。当在软件中实施时,可在任何合适处理器或处理器集合上执行软件代码,不管是在单个计算机中提供还是分布在多个计算机之间。
另外,应了解,计算机可以若干形式中的任一者来体现,例如机架安装计算机、桌上型计算机、膝上型计算机或平板计算机。另外,计算机可嵌入通常不被视为计算机但具有合适处理能力的装置中,包含个人数字助理(PDA)、智能电话或任何其它合适的便携式或固定电子装置。
并且,计算机可具有一个或多个输入和输出装置。此外,这些装置可用以呈现用户接口。可用以提供用户接口的输出装置的实施例包含用于输出的视觉呈现的打印机或显示屏,以及用于输出的可听表示的其它声音产生装置。可用于用户接口的输入装置的实施例包含键盘,以及指点装置,例如鼠标、触摸板和数字化面板。作为另一实施例,计算机可经由语音辨别或以其它可听格式接收输入信息。
此些计算机可通过呈任何合适形式的一个或多个网络互连,包含局域网或广域网,例如企业网络,以及智能网络(IN)或因特网。此些网络可基于任何合适技术,且可根据任何合适协议进行工作,且可包含无线网络、有线网络或光纤网络。
本文所公开的DLA、DLAFA、DCR照明器材和其它电子装置可各自包含存储器(例如,图4中的EEPROM 430)、一个或多个处理单元(本文中也简称为“处理器”,例如微控制器310、410和610)、一个或多个通信接口(例如,DCR端口350、450和650)、一个或多个显示单元(例如,LED、液晶显示器等),以及一个或多个数据输入装置(例如,小键盘、天线等)。存储器可包括任何计算机可读媒介,且可存储用于实施本文所述的各种功能性的计算机指令(本文中也称为“处理器可执行指令”)。可使用处理单元来执行所述指令。通信接口可耦合到有线或无线网络、总线或其它通信装置,且可因此允许电子装置将通信发射到其它装置且/或从其它装置接收通信。举例来说,可提供显示单元以允许用户结合指令的执行检视各种信息。举例来说,可提供用户输入装置,以允许用户进行手动调整、进行选择,输入数据或各种其它信息,且/或在指令的执行期间,以多种方式中的任一者与处理器交互。
本文概述的各种方法或过程可译码为可在使用多种操作系统或平台中的任一者的一个或多个处理器上执行的软件。另外,可使用若干合适编程语言和/或编程或脚本撰写工具中的任一者来编写此软件,且还可将此软件编译为在框架或虚拟机上执行的可执行机器语言代码或中间码。
在此方面,可将各种发明性概念实施为计算机可读存储媒体(或多个计算机可读存储媒介)(例如,计算机存储器、一个或多个软盘、压缩光盘、光盘、磁带、快闪存储器、现场可编程门阵列或其它半导体装置中的电路配置,或其它非暂时性媒体或有形计算机存储媒体),其编码有一个或多个程序,当在一个或多个计算机或其它处理器上执行时,所述程序执行实施上文所论述的本发明的各种实施方案。计算机可读媒体或媒介可为可传输的,使得存储在其上的程序可加载到一个或多个不同计算机或其它处理器上,以如上文所论述实施本发明的各个方面。
术语“程序”或“软件”在本文中在一般意义上用来指代任何类型计算机代码或计算机可执行指令集,其可用来编程计算机或其它处理器以如上文所论述实施实施方案的各个方面。另外,应了解,根据一个方面,在执行时实施本发明的方法的一个或多个计算机程序无需驻存在单个计算机或处理器上,而是可以模块化方式分布在若干不同计算机或处理器之间,以实施本发明的各个方面。
计算机可执行指令可呈许多形式,例如由一个或多个计算机或其它装置执行的程序模块。通常,程序模块包含例程、程序、对象、组件、数据结构等,其执行特定任务或实施特定抽象数据类型。通常,在各种实施方案中,程序模块的功能性可根据需要进行组合或分配。
并且,数据结构可以任何合适形式存储在计算机可读媒体中。为了说明的简单性,可将数据结构展示为具有通过在数据结构中的位置相关的字段。可同样地通过为具有在计算机可读媒体中的位置(其传达字段之间的关系)的字段指派存储来实现此些关系。然而,任何合适机制均可用来建立数据结构的字段中的信息之间的关系,包含通过使用指针、标签或建立数据元素之间的关系的其它机制。
并且,可将各种发明性概念体现为一种或多种方法,已提供其实施例。可以任何合适方式对作为所述方法的一部分而执行的动作进行排序。因此,可构造实施方案,其中以不同所说明次序的次序来执行所述动作,其可包含同时执行一些动作,尽管在说明性实施方案中展示为循序动作。
如本文所界定且使用,所有定义均应理解为支配词典定义、以引用的方式并入的文献中的定义,和/或所定义术语的一般意义。
除非明确表示相反,否则如本文在说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的不定冠词“一”应理解为表示“至少一个”。
如本文在说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的短语“和/或”应理解为表示这样结合的元件中的“任一者或两者”,即在一些情况下结合地存在且在其它情况下分离地存在的元件。用“和/或”列举的多个元件应以同一方式解释,即这样结合的元件中的“一者或多者”。其它元件可任选地存在,而不是由“和/或”条款特定识别的元件,不管与特定识别的那些元件有关还是无关。因此,作为非限制实施例,当结合例如“包括”等开端语言使用时,对“A和/或B”的参考在一个实施方案中可仅指代A(任选地包含除B之外的元件);在另一实施方案中,仅指代B(任选地包含除A之外的元件);在又一实施方案中,指代A和B(任选地包含其它元件);等等。
如本文在说明书中以及所附权利要求书中所使用,“或”应理解为具有与如上文所定义的“和/或”相同的意义。举例来说,当分开列表中的项目时,“或”或者“和/或”将被解释为包含性的,即包含若干元件或元件列表中的至少一个,但也包含一个以上,且任选地包含另外的未列出项目。仅清楚相反指示的术语,例如“…中的仅一者”或“…中的正好一者”,或在权利要求中使用时“由…组成”将指代包含若干元件或元件列表中的正好一个元件。一般来说,术语“或”当在本文中使用时,前面如果有排它性术语(例如,“任一”、“…中的一者”、“…中的仅一者”或“…中的正好一者”,那么将仅解释为指示排它性替代物(即,“一者或另一者,但不是两者”)。当在所附权利要求书中使用时,“主要由…组成”将具有其在专利法领域使用的普通意义。
如本文在说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用,参考一个或一个以上元件的列表,短语“至少一个”应理解为表示选自元件列表中的元件中的任何一者或一者以上的至少一个元件,但不一定包含元件列表内具体列出的每一和每个元件中的至少一者,且不排除元件列表中的元件的任何组合。此定义还可任选地存在不同于元件列表内具体识别的短语“至少一个”所指代的元件的元件,不管是与具体识别的那些元件有关还是无关。因此,作为非限制实施例,“A和B中的至少一者”(或等效地,“A或B中的至少一者”,或等效地“A和/或B中的至少一者”)在一个实施方案中可指代至少一个(任选地包含一个以上)A,而不存在B(且任选地包含不同于B的元件);在另一实施方案中,指代至少一个(任选地包含一个以上)B,而不存在A(且任选地包含不同于A的元件);在又一实施方案中,指代至少一个(任选地包含一个以上)A,以及至少一个(任选地包含一个以上)B(且任选地包含其它元件)等。
在所附权利要求书中以及上文的说明书中,所有过渡短语,例如“包括”、“包含”、“运载”、“具有”、“含有”、“涉及”、“保持”、“由…组成”等将被理解为开端的,即表示包含但不限于。仅过渡短语“由…组成”和“主要由…组成”将分别为闭合或半闭合过渡短语,如美国专利局专利审查程序手册,章节2111.03中所陈述。
Claims (25)
1.一种用于为环境提供可变照明的系统,所述系统包括:
(A)至少一个数字控制就绪(DCR)照明器材,其安置在所述环境的第一位置中,以将所述可变照明提供给所述环境的至少一部分,所述至少一个DCR照明器材包括:
(A1)器材外壳;
(A2)至少一个光源,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,以响应于至少一个数字控制信号产生所述可变照明;
(A3)至少一个光源驱动器,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个光源,以根据所述至少一个数字控制信号为所述至少一个光源供电;
(A4)交流(AC)电力输入,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个光源驱动器,以将AC电力提供给所述至少一个光源驱动器;
(A5)电力转换器,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述AC电力输入,以在小于或等于+60V的电压下,将所述AC电力转换成直流(DC)电力;
(A6)功率计,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个光源驱动器、所述AC电力输入和所述电力转换器中的至少一者,以测量所述至少一个DCR照明器材的电力消耗;以及
(A7)器材输入/输出总线,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个光源、所述电力转换器和所述功率计,以接收所述至少一个数字控制信号,且提供所述DC电力的至少一部分以及代表所述至少一个DCR照明器材的所述电力消耗和光输出中的至少一者的至少一个数字报告信号;以及
(B)至少一个数字光剂(DLA),其安置在所述环境的第二位置中,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个DCR照明器材,以响应于所述环境的至少一个变化而控制所述至少一个DCR照明器材,所述至少一个DLA包括:
(B1)DLA外壳;
(B2)至少一个传感器,其与所述DLA外壳机械关联,以提供代表所述环境的所述至少一个变化的至少一个传感器信号;
(B3)存储器,其与所述DLA外壳机械关联,以存储管理由所述至少一个DCR照明器材至少部分地基于所述环境的所述至少一个变化而提供的所述可变照明的变化的至少一个规则;
(B4)处理器,其与所述DLA外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个传感器且耦合到所述存储器,以基于所述至少一个规则和所述至少一个传感器信号产生所述至少一个数字控制信号;以及
(B5)DLA输入/输出总线,其与所述DLA外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述处理器,以从所述至少一个DCR照明器材接收所述DC电力的至少所述部分以及所述至少一个数字报告信号,且将所述至少一个数字控制信号提供给所述至少一个DCR照明器材;以及
(B6)网络接口,其与所述DLA外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述处理器,以将代表所述至少一个数字报告信号、所述至少一个数字控制信号和所述至少一个传感器信号中的至少一者的数据提供给用户。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述至少一个DCR照明器材进一步包括:
第一DCR照明器材,其经由第一电缆可操作地耦合到所述至少一个DLA;以及
第二DCR照明器材,其经由耦合到所述第一DCR照明器材的第二电缆可操作地耦合到所述至少一个DLA。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其中所述至少一个DCR照明器材进一步包括:
第三DCR照明器材,其经由耦合到所述第二DCR照明器材的第三电缆可操作地耦合到所述至少一个DLA。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述电力转换器在小于或等于+40VDC的电压下提供所述DC电力的所述至少一部分。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述电力转换器在约+12VDC到约+24VDC的电压下提供所述DC电力的所述至少一部分。
6.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述至少一个数字报告信号包括表示与所述至少一者相关联的所述电力消耗、能量消耗、AC电力质量、色温、光强度和温度中的至少一者的信息。
7.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述器材输入/输出总线和所述DLA输入/输出总线各自包括:
用于所述DC电力的所述第二部分的相应电力端口;
用于参考电压电平的相应共用端口;以及
用于所述至少一个数字报告信号和所述至少一个数字控制信号的至少一个相应数据端口。
8.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述器材输入/输出总线和所述DLA输入/输出总线各自与本地互连网络(LIN)标准、控制器区域网络(CAN)标准、KNX标准以及数字可寻址照明接口(DALI)标准中的至少一者兼容。
9.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述至少一个传感器包括占用传感器、温度传感器、环境光等级传感器和时钟中的至少一者。
10.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述网络接口经配置以经由无线链路进行通信。
11.如权利要求1所述的系统,其进一步包括:
(C)至少一个电缆,其将所述器材输入/输出总线连接到所述DLA输入/输出总线。
12.如权利要求11所述的系统,其中所述至少一个电缆包括本地互连网络(LIN)电缆、控制器区域网络(CAN)电缆、KNX电缆以及数字可寻址照明接口(DALI)电缆中的至少一者。
13.一种用于为环境提供可变照明的数字控制就绪(DCR)照明器材,所述DCR照明器材包括:
器材外壳;
至少一个发光二极管(LED),其与所述器材外壳机械关联,以响应于至少一个数字控制信号而发射光;以及
至少一个LED驱动器,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个LED,以根据所述至少一个数字控制信号为所述至少一个LED供电;
交流(AC)电力输入,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个LED驱动器,以将AC电力提供给所述至少一个LED驱动器;
电力转换器,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述AC电力输入,以在小于或等于+60V的电压下,将所述AC电力转换成直流(DC)电力;
功率计,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个LED驱动器、所述AC电力输入和所述电力转换器中的至少一者,以测量所述DCR照明器材的电力消耗;以及
器材输入/输出总线,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述电力转换器和所述功率计,其包括:
(i)电力端口,其用以在小于或等于+40V的电压下提供DC电力;
(ii)共用端口,其用以提供参考电压电平;以及
(iii)至少一个数据端口,其用以接收所述至少一个数字控制信号,且提供代表所述DCR照明器材的所述电力消耗的至少一个数字报告信号。
14.如权利要求13所述的DCR照明器材,其中所述电力转换器进一步经配置以在小于或等于+40V的电压下提供所述DC电力。
15.如权利要求13所述的DCR照明器材,其进一步包括:
至少一个传感器,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,以测量至少一个器材参数;以及
处理器,其与所述器材外壳机械关联,且可操作地耦合到所述至少一个LED驱动器和所述输入/输出总线,以经由所述至少一个数据端口发射代表所述至少一个器材参数的测量信号。
16.如权利要求15所述的DCR照明器材,其中所述至少一个器材参数包括所述至少一个LED的温度、所述至少一个LED的偏压、所述至少一个LED的工作电流、所述至少一个LED的色温以及所述至少一个LED的色彩中的至少一者。
17.一种用于控制至少一个控制就绪照明器材的设备,所述设备包括:
至少一个传感器,其用以提供代表环境的至少一个变化的至少一个传感器信号;
存储器,其用以存储管理由至少一个数字控制就绪(DCR)照明器材至少部分地基于所述环境的所述至少一个变化而提供的可变照明的变化的至少一个规则;
处理器,其可操作地耦合到所述至少一个传感器且耦合到所述存储器,以基于所述至少一个规则和所述至少一个传感器信号产生所述至少一个数字控制信号;以及
输入/输出总线,其可操作地耦合到所述处理器,以从所述至少一个DCR照明器材接收所述至少一个数字报告信号以及所述DC电力的所述第二部分,且将所述至少一个数字控制信号提供给所述至少一个DCR照明器材。
18.一种用来自安置在环境内的第一位置中的至少一个数字控制就绪(DCR)照明器材的可变照明来照明所述环境的方法,所述方法包括:
(A)在安置在所述环境内的第二位置中的数字光剂(DLA)处感测所述环境的至少一个变化;
(B)至少部分地基于所述环境的所述至少一个变化来确定来自所述至少一个DCR照明器材的所述可变照明的变化;
(C)至少部分地基于在(B)中确定的所述可变照明的所述变化来产生至少一个数字控制信号;以及
(D)经由连接到至少一个输入/输出总线的至少一个电缆,将(C)中产生的所述至少一个数字控制信号从所述DLA发射到所述至少一个DCR照明器材。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中(A)包括感测所述环境的占用率、所述环境的温度以及所述环境的环境光等级的至少一个变化。
20.如权利要求18所述的方法,其进一步包括:
(E)在所述DLA处,经由所述至少一个电缆和所述至少一个输入/输出总线从所述至少一个DCR照明器材接收电力。
21.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中(E)包括在小于或等于+40V的电压下接收DC电力。
22.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中(E)包括在+24V的电压下接收DC电力。
23.如权利要求18所述的方法,其进一步包括:
(F)在所述DLA处,经由所述至少一个电缆和所述至少一个输入/输出总线接收代表所述至少一个DCR照明器材的电力消耗的至少一个数字报告信号。
24.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中(B)进一步包括至少部分地基于所述至少一个DCR照明器材的所述电力消耗来确定所述至少一个DCR照明器材的所述可变照明的所述变化。
25.如权利要求18所述的方法,其进一步包括:
(H)经由天线从所述DLA发射代表所述至少一个DCR照明器材的所述电力消耗的数据。
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EP2829160A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
WO2013142292A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
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AU2013235436A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
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CA2867898A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
AU2017201414A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
CN104541578B (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
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CN106937459B (zh) | 2020-06-16 |
CA2867898C (en) | 2023-02-14 |
US9241392B2 (en) | 2016-01-19 |
AU2013235436B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
US20180132325A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
US9832832B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
EP2829160B1 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
EP2829160A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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