CN104511016B - Prevent and treat the medical composition and its use of aquatic animal disease - Google Patents
Prevent and treat the medical composition and its use of aquatic animal disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN104511016B CN104511016B CN201310444074.XA CN201310444074A CN104511016B CN 104511016 B CN104511016 B CN 104511016B CN 201310444074 A CN201310444074 A CN 201310444074A CN 104511016 B CN104511016 B CN 104511016B
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- jamaicin
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Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating aquatic animal disease, the pharmaceutical composition of the preventing and treating aquatic animal disease is made up of following two compositions:Carbostyril antibiotic and jamaicin.Compared with the existing, the pharmaceutical composition preventing and treating Aquatic animals virus for the preventing and treating aquatic animal disease that the present invention protects(Particularly grass carp), bacteriosis it is curative for effect, easy to use, moderate cost, be easy to promote the use of a large area, be not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug, drug resistance, to dispenser object security, low toxicity, low-residual.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating aquatic animal disease, the pharmaceutical composition can be used for preventing and treating grass carp
The hemorrhage triggered by reovirus and other aquatic animals(Fish, shrimp, crab, the frog, soft-shelled turtle)Viral, bacteriosis.
Background technology
Aquatic animal(Fish, shrimp, crab, the frog, soft-shelled turtle etc.)Viral disease(The grass carp especially triggered by reovirus
Viral hemorrhagic disease)Including research of hemorrhage of grass carp, fulminant hemorrhage, crucian carp Simplex Virus, taura syndrome virus disease
With tarda disease and the disease such as gill rot, enteritis, ulcer, the rotten tail of rotten fin etc..
The symptom of research of hemorrhage of grass carp:The sick main infection endangers grass carp young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years, in addition an age fish and
Seed and two age above adult fishes can also infect, and outward appearance symptom is mainly presented with three kinds:1. the red red gill cover type of fin:See each fin ray of fish
And base portion hyperemia is rubescent, the gill cover and lower jaw are congested, rouge swelling, anaemia, the middle and later periods abdominal cavity have ascites, hepatopancrease turns white or is in
Red, white alternate flower liver shape.2. red muscularity:Fish body table hyperemia is rubescent, or in patch shape bleeding, subdermal muscle hyperemia is rubescent,
Di inflammation lesion, hepatopancrease turn white.3. enteritis gill rot type:Except the gill cover, jaw portion, fin ray and base portion body surface fill in various degree
Outside blood, bowel symptoms are congested, hindgut inflammation or ulcer, abdominal cavity have ascites, internal organ anaemia, gill rot.
Research of hemorrhage of grass carp epidemiology situation, early stage symptom unobvious, intermediary and later stages fish body matter is weak, secondary sense
Dye bacterium shows the symptoms such as body surface and each organ hemorrhage of internal organ, inflammation, anaemia, gill rot, enteritis, ulcer, hepatopancrease be impaired, should
The sick death rate is up to 60-90%, very harmful, insensitive to antibiotic, antibiotic, in the past mainly using injecting immune vaccine and
The method prevention of soaking vaccine, but immersion immunity vaccine climate, water temperature, water quality impact, effect is unstable, and operation is multiple in addition
It is miscellaneous, it can not be widely applied, injecting immune vaccine is inconvenient for operation, wastes time and energy, and fish body is damaged greatly, therefore except net cage is supported in addition
Outside growing, it is difficult to be widely applied in actual production.
Fulminant hemorrhage, cause of disease are Aeromonas hydrophila(Aeromonas hydrophila,AH), the cause of disease is condition
Property pathogenic bacteria, be currently known can cause carp, crucian carp, bream, triangular bream, flower, silver carp, salmon, trout, sturgeon, Channel-catfish, Nian, Tilapia mossambica, large yellow croaker,
The aquatic animal such as the seas such as turbot, eel, eel, fresh-water fishes and the frog, soft-shelled turtle is caused a disease, and because its infection rate is high, dead fast, is generally called " fulminant
Hemorrhage " or " bacterial septicemia ", are a kind of typical people, animal, fish ill cause of disease altogether, cardinal symptom:Fish body table, the gill cover,
Lower jaw, fin bar, belly are congested rubescent in various degree, and severe patient's muscle is in patch or mottled bleeding, and gill filament anaemia, internal organ are each
There is hydrops in organ anaemia, severe patient abdominal cavity, and some individuals have the rotten tail symptom of gill rot, enteritis, Beancurd sheet, liver and gall syndrome, rotten fin.
Crucian carp Simplex Virus(Cyprinid Herpesvirus), dead fish symptom:Gill filament swelling, bleeding are notable, the gill cover, under
Jaw portion, belly are in patch shape or point bleeding, fin ray is rubescent, fin base portion is rubescent, abdominal cavity ascites, hepatopancrease turn white or in red white phase
Between " flower liver shape ", rear enteremia or have dope, anus is congested red and swollen, exophthalmos, tail fin fringing, and serious tail fin eats into fin, liver
In khaki or " bean curd slag specimen " lesion, indivedual fish dorsals are in " furuncle sore sample " lesion.
Taura syndrome virus(TSV)Disease is that Taura syndrome virus.TSV performances symptom is:Shrimp tail, palpus, body
Table is rubescent, some individual outward appearance symptom unobvious, and body colour is ash, red, and shoal of shrimps often occurs touring around phenomenon, and indivedual shrimp tail fans occur
Blue spot, liver pancreas enlargement or in pale red, muscle is muddy, later stage symptom:Red palpus, red tail, soft shell etc..
Tarda(Edwardsiella lctalarus)Symptom:Soft-shelled turtle belly is in patch piece bleeding, neck enlargement, is carried on the back
Onychohelcosis, dissection find liver enlargement, and indivedual focuses fester, and have ascites, and frog leg is in petechial hemorrhage, exophthalmos, with it a little
Shape bleeding, visceral congestion, hepatic necrosis, Tilapia mossambica exophthalmos, the gill, jaw, belly bleeding are rubescent, liver be in flower liver, khaki,
Turning white has necrotic lesion, and body has furuncle sore sample focus, and some individuals are in symptoms such as gill rot, enteritis, Beancurd sheet.
The viral disease of aquatic animal, existing treatment method is in addition to using injection or immersion immunity vaccine, always
Without effective medical treatment, in addition, by the gill rot of the aquatic animals such as the fish of bacterium infection initiation, shrimp, crab, the frog, soft-shelled turtle, intestines
Scorching, red skin(Beancurd sheet), ulcer, rotten fin, rotten tail, liver and gall syndrome, bleeding(Septicemia)Deng disease using traditional sulfa drug, big ring
Lactone antibiotic(Florfenicol, first alum mycin), Tetracyclines(Terramycin, fortimicin)Produced sternly Deng because of long-term medication
The open defect such as the resistance to the action of a drug, drug resistance, dosage is big, effect is poor, high expensive again.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention, which is that, provides a kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating aquatic animal disease, the drug regimen
Thing can be used for preventing and treating grass carp by the hemorrhage that reovirus triggers and other aquatic animals(Fish, shrimp, crab, the frog, soft-shelled turtle)Virus
Property, bacteriosis.
Technical scheme is:A kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating aquatic animal disease, the medicine of the preventing and treating aquatic animal disease
Composition is made up of following two compositions:Carbostyril antibiotic and jamaicin.
Preferably, the carbostyril antibiotic:Jamaicin weight ratio is 10-40:3.3-9.
Preferably, the carbostyril antibiotic is Norfloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Ofloxacin or Ciprofloxacin.
Preferably, the Norfloxacin is lactic norfloxacini, niacin norfloxacin or norfloxacin hydrochloride;The ring
Third husky star is Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride, Ciprofloxacin Lactate or nicotinic acid Ciprofloxacin.
Preferably, the jamaicin is Berberine hydrochloride or berberine sulfate.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of purposes of pharmaceutical composition.
Technical scheme is:A kind of purposes of aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions:The pharmaceutical composition be used for prevent and treat grass carp it is viral go out
Blood disease, fulminant hemorrhage, crucian carp Simplex Virus, peach draw syndrome virus or tarda disease
Beneficial effect:
1) pharmaceutical composition in vitro test of the present invention is to reovirus, irido virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis
Poison, rhabdovirus, herpesviral, white spot syndrome virus, taura syndrome virus have notable preventive effect, and in vitro test confirms to increase
The phagocytic activity of strong leucocyte and liver reticuloendothelial system;Alkaloid has a broad antifungal spectrum simultaneously, to a variety of Gram-negative bacterias, sun
Property bacterium has inhibitory action.To Cytophaga Columnaris, Aeromonas hydrophila, pseudomonad, Aeromonas, tarda, viscous
Bacterium, vibrios, streptococcus have a stronger inhibitory action, and Norfloxacin(Ciprofloxacin, Enrofloxacin)It is mainly used in preventing and treating
The phytosis as caused by Aeromonas, pseudomonad, tarda, slime bacteria.
2) after medication, by the research of hemorrhage of grass carp protective rate of reovirus initiation, two age large size fingerlings are more than
80%, yearlings or two age above adult fish protective rates are more than 90%, for gill rot, enteritis, red skin(Beancurd sheet), it is ulcer, rotten fin, rotten
Tail, bleeding(Septicemia)Sick cure rate is more than 90%, efficient to liver and gall syndrome more than 86% with the medicine compounding of liver and bladder disease.
3) preventing and treating effective percentage of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to hemorrhage caused by GCRV be up to more than 80%,
As long as grass carp can have enough pharmaceutical chemistry, just there is obvious curative effects, have it is easy to operate, curative for effect, cost is cheap, easy to spread
The characteristics of use, it is the up to now the only effective medicine of the prevention and control grass carp disease.In addition, the compound medicine can also have
Imitate prevention and control shrimp, crab, the gill rot triggered by virus or bacterium infection of fish, enteritis, bleeding(Septicemia), red skin(Beancurd sheet), ulcer,
Rotten fin, rotten tail, liver and gall syndrome.Compared with other drugs have effect it is good, it is easy to use, be not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug, drug resistance,
There is obvious control effect using this product to medication animal subject safety, low toxicity, when other drugs are invalid or effect is undesirable
Significant advantage.
4) pharmaceutical composition preventing and treating Aquatic animals virus of the present invention(Particularly grass carp)Bacteriosis is curative for effect,
It is easy to use, moderate cost, it is easy to promote the use of a large area, is not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug, drug resistance, to dispenser object security, low
Poison, low-residual.
Embodiment
Experiment 1
1), pharmaceutical composition A preparation:Norfloxacin 10-20 parts by weight are taken, jamaicin 3.3-4.5 parts by weight are blended in
Together.
2), treatment research of hemorrhage of grass carp
5 × 5 × 2 meters of specifications of net cage are chosen, every net cage puts 500 gram/fish of two 3000 kilograms of age Grass carp, totally 6000 tail,
If experimental box 1, No. 2, control case 3, No. 4, blank case 5, No. 6, experimental situation condition such as water temperature, pH value, weather etc. are managed
It is basically identical to change index, perfect compound feed used is bred as material from logical prestige grass carp, and managerial skills are identical, 2012 during experiment
March 1 to September 30 days, May 16 day No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6 casees start to fall ill in succession, be because of grass carp disease on inspection
Toxicity hemorrhage, cause of disease passes through is accredited as reovirus with fixed separation(gross Corp nemorrhoge virus ,GCHV),
1 is shown in Table to each group case infection on May 19 and dead fish situation, after making a definite diagnosis, the drug regimen A configured is used for chamber 1,2
Number (by every 1 kilogram of fish body weight 13.3-24.5mg calculate dose), be used in conjunction 5 days, control case take Florfenicol(Content >=98%)Press
Every 1 kilogram of fish body weight 15mg calculates dose, mixes feeding(Bait)Material feeds No. 3, No. 4 casees 5 days, No. 5, No. 6 casees make blank group and do not offer medicine,
On May 20 to 24 offerd medicine, and the effect observation post administration phase 25 to 30 May, each group case dead fish situation is shown in Table 1.
Each case dead fish of table 1(Tail)Situation counts
It can be seen that from the result of experiment 1:Drug regimen A significantly falls ill in research of hemorrhage of grass carp early stage or mid-term
(The death rate is up to 20%)When feed protective rate up to more than 70%, and feed Florfenicol antimicrobial and group death rate of not offeing medicine is all high
Up to more than 90%.Prove that this drug regimen A has notable preventive effect to the research of hemorrhage of grass carp as caused by reovirus.
Experiment 2
1), pharmaceutical composition B configuration:Enrofloxacin 15-20 parts by weight are taken, jamaicin 3.3-4.5 parts by weight are blended in
Together.
2), treatment fulminant hemorrhage
Every net cage chooses the tail of carp 10000,500 grams/fish of specification, sets up 6, net cage separately, 4 × 7 × 2 meters of cage size, and 1
Number, No. 2 casees be experimental group, No. 3, No. 4 casees be control group, No. 5, No. 6 casees be blank group, 6 days to 6 March in 2012 during experiment
The moon 30, environmental condition each group is essentially identical during experiment, records temperature, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value change, 3 days measure one daily
Secondary nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen index, it is feeds utilized to be bred as material for logical prestige carp.
May 10, each case phase secondary disease, from sick fish lesions position, fulminant bleeding was confirmed as by bacteriology classification is same surely
Disease.
May 12 day No. 1, No. 2 casees take the pharmaceutical composition B prepared, and 18.3- is pressed by every 1 kilogram of fish body weight daily dose
24.5mg, mix bait(Raise)Material feeds No. 1 lighter case of the state of an illness and is used in conjunction 3 days, and No. 2 case state of an illness are heavier to be used in conjunction 5 days, control group 3,4
Number case is used in conjunction 5 days by every 1 kilogram of fish body weight daily dose by Doxycycline Hyclate 20mg, blank group not medication, on May 10 to 19
Each group net cage dead fish situation is shown in Table 2.
Each net cage dead fish of table 2(Tail)Situation counts
Experiment shows more than:Pharmaceutical composition B is used in conjunction 3 to fulminant hemorrhage treatment caused by Aeromonas hydrophila
My god, severe, which is used in conjunction, significant curative effect for 5 days, and Doxycycline Hyclate ratio has obvious reduction without the antibiotic group death rate, after drug withdrawal
The death rate persistently rises, and shows not good enough to aeromonas hydrophila disease curative effect.
Experiment 3
1), pharmaceutical composition C preparation:Enrofloxacin 15-20 parts by weight are taken, jamaicin 3.3-4.5 parts by weight are blended in
Together.
2), treatment crucian carp Simplex Virus
Experiment choose 2 mu of areas, 1.8 meters of the depth of water, 6 mouthfuls of pond, wherein No. 1, No. 3 ponds make experiment pool, No. 2, No. 4 ponds
Compare group, No. 5, No. 6 ponds make blank group, every mu is put in a suitable place to breed the tail of crucian 3000,50 grams/fish of specification, the tail of grass carp 100, specification 250
Gram/fish, the tail of silver carp 100,250 grams/fish of specification, the tail of variegated carp 20,500 grams/fish of specification, the environment such as each pond water source, weather, water temperature
Consistent, managerial skills are identical, from logical prestige crucian carp feed.On April 1st, 2012 to June 30 during experiment.
Each fishpond phase secondary disease, separated from sick fish lesions position and identified, it is crucian carp Simplex Virus to make a definite diagnosis April 20
(Cyprinid Herpesvirus).
April 21 day No. 1, No. 3 experiment pools take the pharmaceutical composition C prepared, by every 1 kilogram of fish body weight daily dose 18.5-
24.5mg mix bait(Raise)Feed, No. 1 pond disease is gentlier used in conjunction 3 days, and No. 3 ponds are heavier to be used in conjunction 5 days, and No. 2 ponds, No. 4 ponds compare, by 1
Kilogram fish body weight daily dose Enrofloxacin 40mg, No. 2 ponds are used in conjunction 5 days, and No. 4 ponds are used in conjunction 7 days, No. 5, No. 6 ponds make blank not medication,
On April 20 to 29, each pond dead fish situation was shown in Table 3.
Each pond dead fish of table 3(Tail)Statistics
More than experiment as can be seen that herpesviral it is insensitive to antimicrobials such as Enrofloxacins, death rate ratio during dispensing
The blank group do not offerd medicine has declined, it may be possible to which each organ scabies secondary infection bacterium has one after antimicrobial infects herpesviral to sick fish
Determine inhibitory action, but after drug withdrawal, the death rate is on the rise, and the final death rate is close with group of not offeing medicine, and C pairs of drug regimen
The disease has significant curative effect.
Experiment 4
1), pharmaceutical composition D preparation:Enrofloxacin 20-40 parts by weight are taken, jamaicin 4.5-9 parts by weight are blended in one
Rise.
2) taura syndrome virus disease, is treated
Choose 1 mu of area, 0.8 meter of the depth of water, 6 mouthfuls of pond, wherein No. 1, No. 3 ponds make experiment pool, No. 2, No. 4 ponds compare pond,
No. 5, No. 6 are made blank group, and the tail of shrimp 1500, each pond water source, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, water quality physical and chemical index phase are put in every mu of pond
Together, managerial skills are consistent, the Prawn material of feed selected stars feed companies production.On June 10th, 2013 is to August 20 during experiment
Day, June 20 found lesion, confirmed as after diagnosing:Taura syndrome virus(TSV).
The pharmaceutical composition D prepared is taken to mix feeding by 1 kilogram of shrimp daily dose by every 1 kg body weight daily dose(Bait)Material is fed
24.5-49 mg, No. 1 pond are used in conjunction 3 days, and No. 3 ponds are used in conjunction 5 days, mix feeding(Bait)Material is fed.
No. 2, No. 4 ponds mix feeding by 1 kilogram of shrimp daily dose(Bait)Material feeds Florfenicol 15mg, and No. 2 ponds are used in conjunction 3 days, No. 4 ponds
It is used in conjunction 5 days.
No. 5, No. 6 pond not medications.
August receives shrimp situation on the 20th and is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 tests each pond and receives shrimp situation statistics
Remarks:Because shrimp life habit is special, it is not easy to observe in pond bottom, and after death decomposes quickly, can not testing
Period determines the accurate quantity of dead shrimp.
Experiment shows above:The antibiotic prawn Taura syndrome such as Florfenicol is without positive effect, with unused antibacterials
Without significant difference, and pharmaceutical composition D prawn Taura syndromes have remarkable result, and protective rate is up to more than 80%.
Experiment 5
1), pharmaceutical composition H preparation:Take Ciprofloxacin(Ofloxacin)20-40 parts by weight, jamaicin 4.5-9 weight
Part mixes.
2), treatment tarda disease
Choose 300 square metres of 6 mouthfuls of cement pits, No. 1, No. 3 ponds make experiment pool, No. 2, No. 4 ponds compare pond, No. 5, No. 6 ponds
Make blank group, 1.2 meters of the depth of water, each water source, water quality physical and chemical index are identical, and managerial skills are consistent, and soft-shelled turtle 150, the frog 30 are put per pond
Only, the tail of Tilapia mossambica 100, on May 30th, 2013, feed was from logical prestige trionyx sinensis feed to August 30 days during experiment.
Found that soft-shelled turtle is sick on July 3, July 4, the frog, Tilapia mossambica were sick, same from soft-shelled turtle, the frog, the separation of Tilapia mossambica lesions position respectively
It is fixed to find to be same cause of disease:Tarda(Edwardsiella lctalarus).
Started July 4 to get it filled compositions H by every 1 kg body weight soft-shelled turtle, the frog, Tilapia mossambica daily dose, by every 1 kg body weight
Soft-shelled turtle, the frog, Tilapia mossambica 24.5-49mg, No. 1 pond are used in conjunction 5 days, and No. 3 ponds are used in conjunction 7 days.
No. 2, No. 4 ponds take Ciprofloxacin by every 1 kg body weight soft-shelled turtle, the frog, Tilapia mossambica(Ofloxacin)5-7 is used in conjunction in 40-80mg
My god.
No. 5, No. 6 pond not medications.
4 to 11 July each pond soft-shelled turtle, the frog, Tilapia mossambica necrology is shown in Table 5
Table 5
Experiment proves that pharmaceutical composition H has significant curative effect to the tarda disease of soft-shelled turtle, the frog, Tilapia mossambica etc. more than.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of purposes of carbostyril antibiotic and jamaicin in the medicine for preparing treatment aquatic animal disease, described
Disease is that research of hemorrhage of grass carp, fulminant hemorrhage, crucian carp Simplex Virus, peach drawing syndrome virus or tarda are sick,
The carbostyril antibiotic:Jamaicin weight ratio is 10-40: 3.3-9;The carbostyril antibiotic be Norfloxacin,
Enrofloxacin, Ofloxacin or Ciprofloxacin.
2. carbostyril antibiotic according to claim 1 and jamaicin are in the medicine for preparing treatment aquatic animal disease
Purposes in thing, it is characterised in that:The Norfloxacin is lactic norfloxacini, niacin norfloxacin or norfloxacin hydrochloride;
The Ciprofloxacin is Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride, Ciprofloxacin Lactate or nicotinic acid Ciprofloxacin.
3. carbostyril antibiotic according to claim 1 and jamaicin are in the medicine for preparing treatment aquatic animal disease
Purposes in thing, it is characterised in that:The jamaicin is Berberine hydrochloride or berberine sulfate.
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