CN104472399B - A kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104472399B CN104472399B CN201410599837.2A CN201410599837A CN104472399B CN 104472399 B CN104472399 B CN 104472399B CN 201410599837 A CN201410599837 A CN 201410599837A CN 104472399 B CN104472399 B CN 104472399B
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000002196 ecbolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004888 thoracic abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, this method includes Juvenile stage, parent culture, parent hastens parturition, checked before insemination, artificial insemination, artificial incubation and hybridization 7 continuous steps of fry rearing, the method selects the swamp eel kind with more merit as parent, and the merit of female male parent can reach complementation, pass through male and female parents, both genes are recombinated, so as to breed the Hybrid for integrating female male parent merit, the method strong operability, suitability is good, it is easy and effective, the degradation phenomena of swamp eel kind can be improved, improve the commodity rate of culture of swamp eel, strengthen the market competitiveness of swamp eel meat products, realize health and the sustainable development of culture of swamp eel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish hybridization technical field, and in particular to a kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method.
Background technology
Swamp eel is called Changyu, belongs to net-rope, Symbranchir, He Sai sections, swamp eel subfamily.It is a kind of fish, body is round and thin as snake
Long, body surface is without squama, and the colour of skin is lived in waterside mud hole and crack of stone based on yellow, and the Tibetan summer in winter goes out, and is distributed widely in China various regions
The water body such as lake, river, reservoir, pond, irrigation canals and ditches in, in addition to northwest plateau area, there are record, the particularly Zhujiang River in each department
Basin and the Yangtze river basin, even more abound with the area of swamp eel.Swamp eel is using various toys as the omnivorousness species of food, general activity
Hibernation in Yu Chun, summer, Qiu Sanji, winter Shen Ju hole.Swamp eel breeding season is about in 5~August, in its ontogeny, with female
The characteristic that male is reversed, i.e., from embryonic period, embryonic phase to being all female during first sexal maturity, ovary gradually becomes spermary after spawning, is changed into male
Property.
In recent years, developing rapidly with aquaculture, production scale and cultured output are sharply increased, and intensive degree is continuous
Improve, serious degradation phenomena occurs on growth potential, viability, reproductive capacity, resistance, yield and quality in swamp eel kind, support
Grow benefit also drastically to decline, want to realize the sustainable development of culture of swamp eel, it is necessary to first set about from breed improvement, by implementing
Crossbreeding, cultivates the new varieties with reference to parents' merit, could meet the need of the cultivation of today's society, the need in market and
Needing for life, could preferably promote the well-being of mankind.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that there is provided a kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding side for the degradation phenomena of above-mentioned swamp eel kind
Method, this method cultivates the new swamp eel with reference to parents' merit by the swamp eel population crossbreeding to two different cultivars
Seedling, so that needed for preferably meeting the production of people, life.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, this method comprises the steps：
（1）Juvenile stage
A, female parent：Selective body 26 ~ 35cm of length, it is belly tympanites, transparent, there are obvious ovary profile, physique healthy and strong, nothing
Obvious sick and wounded, female swamp eel of the body weight between 100 ~ 120g；
B, male parent：Long more than the 40cm of selective body, belly is opaque, physique healthy and strong, and mobility is strong, and maturity is good,
Without obvious sick and wounded, male swamp eel of the body weight between 200 ~ 240g；
（2）Parent culture
Female male parent is put in a suitable place to breed in male and female parent culture pond respectively, 5 ~ 10 tails are put in a suitable place to breed per pond, water temperature is maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C
Between, daily early, evening, night respectively carry out a feeding, and each feeding amount is the 6% ~ 8% of body weight, changes water once within every two days；
（3）Parent hastens parturition
A, oxytocic drug and dosage：Female male parent penetrates luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog per endnote every time（LRH-
A）10 ~ 25 μ g, or human chorionic gonadtropin（HCG）180 ~ 450 IU, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog（LRH-
A）5 ~ 10 μ g+ human chorionic gonadtropins（HCG）50 ~ 150 IU, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog（LRH-A）5
~ 10 μ g+ maleic acid DOMs（DOM）50-100μg；
B, induced spawning method：Female parent using hastening parturition twice, and used drug dose is identical twice, hasten parturition twice when
Between at intervals of 10 ~ 12 hours, male parent is only once hastened parturition, and it hastened parturition and carried out after the hastening parturition for the second time of female parent
Implement, concrete operation method is that said medicine is diluted into required concentration with physiological saline or ringer's solution, drawn with syringe
0.5 ~ 1ml decoctions, are injected, the vertical depth of injection at the thoracic cavity or abdominal cavity of parent along 30 ° ~ 45 ° oblique angles piercing syringe needles
No more than 0.5 cm, the parent after injection puts back in culture pond and changes water once daily in cultivation, pond；
（4）Checked before insemination
After second of injection of female parent 12 hours, the maturity of the female male parent of regular check, when discovery female parent
Belly expands softness, and gonopore redness evagination gently presses belly to have sense of movement with hand, illustrates to have started to ovulation；Male parent's reproduction
Redness is expanded in hole, and belly is extruded with hand, is had the outflow of white clear liquid, is illustrated that sperm is ripe, artificial insemination should be carried out immediately；
（5）Artificial insemination
The female parent for starting ovulation is wrapped with gauze, makes its belly exposed, extrudes its belly 3 ~ 5 from the front to the back with hand
It is secondary, the ovum of extrusion is put into the glassware sterilized in advance, at the same time, crushing failure at high speed male parent's belly, extrusion essence
Liquid, compares 1 according to the quantity of male female parent（Tail）：3~4（Tail）Fusion essence, ovum, then be gently mixed with clean feather, add while stirring
Enter physiological saline or ringer's solution, the addition of physiological saline or ringer's solution is quiet after fully stirring evenly can cover ovum as degree
Put 3 ~ 5 minutes, complete artificial insemination；
（6）Artificial incubation
Artificial insemination ovum is put into the incubation tank of 25 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperatures, hatching sieve, hatching cylinder or other incubation equipments and carried out
Lotic hatching, when " waist point " occurs completely, remove incubation equipment, to culture pond in carry out hybridization fry cultivation；
（7）Hybridize fry rearing
The cultivation of hybridization fry takes segmented to cultivate, the first stage, in fry rupture of membranes 1 ~ 7 day, feeds soya-bean milk, specific behaviour
It is to soak soya bean 5 ~ 10 hours with 30 ~ 40 DEG C of warm water as method, to beans overflow, then adds the 10 ~ 15 of dry soya bean weight
Times water mill is splashed and fed in daily morning, noon, evening, night into soya-bean milk, daily replacing water once, 22 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperature；Second stage,
After fry rupture of membranes 7 days, animal feed is fed, concrete operation method is, by earthworm, silk earthworm, wheel animalcule, dried shrimp, spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, small fish
The raw material such as meat and pluck, which is cooked, to be cut into small pieces, then admixes a certain proportion of flavoring and straw pulp, is thrown in daily early, evening, night
Fry is fed, feeding volume is cumulative with age in days, water is changed weekly 2~3 times, 22 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperature, fry is cultivated in culture pond for hybridization
Cement pit is then moved to after 3 ~ 5 weeks or fish pond is continued cultivation and grown up.
Described swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, its step（1）Female male parent be selected from more merit and
Merit can reach the swamp eel population of two different cultivars of complementation.
Described swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, its step（1）Female parent and male parent quantity ratio be 3 ~ 4
：1 .
Described swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, its step（6）, step（7）For hatching insemination ovum and cultivating hybridization
Water used by fry, its dissolved oxygen DO >=6mg/L.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention selects the swamp eel kind with more merit as parent, and the merit of female male parent can be with
Reach complementation, by male and female parents, both genes recombinated, thus breed collect female male parent merit in
The Hybrid of one, this Hybrid shows to surpass on growth potential, viability, reproductive capacity, resistance, yield and quality
More the phenomenon of parents, can better meet the production of people, live required, realization preferably promotes the well-being of mankind.
The present invention include Juvenile stage, parent culture, parent hasten parturition, preceding inspection of inseminate, artificial insemination, artificial incubation and miscellaneous
7 continuous steps of fry rearing are handed over, the method strong operability, suitability are good, easy and effective, the degeneration that can improve swamp eel kind shows
As improving the commodity rate of culture of swamp eel, strengthening the market competitiveness of swamp eel meat products, realize the healthy and sustainable of culture of swamp eel
Sexual development.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is every its
The simple deformation or modification that he makes in the case where not departing from core of the present invention each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment：
A kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, this method comprises the steps：
（1）Juvenile stage
A, female parent：Selective body 26 ~ 35cm of length, it is belly tympanites, transparent, there are obvious ovary profile, physique healthy and strong, nothing
Obvious sick and wounded, female swamp eel of the body weight between 100 ~ 120g；
B, male parent：Long more than the 40cm of selective body, belly is opaque, physique healthy and strong, and mobility is strong, and maturity is good,
Without obvious sick and wounded, male swamp eel of the body weight between 200 ~ 240g；
（2）Parent culture
Female male parent is put in a suitable place to breed in male and female parent culture pond respectively, 5 tails are put in a suitable place to breed per pond, water temperature be maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C it
Between, daily early, evening, night respectively carry out a feeding, and each feeding amount is the 7% of body weight, changes water once within every two days；
（3）Parent hastens parturition
A, oxytocic drug and dosage：Female male parent penetrates luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog per endnote every time（LRH-
A）15 μ g, or human chorionic gonadtropin（HCG）350 IU, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog（LRH-A）8 μ g+
Human chorionic gonadtropin（HCG）100 IU, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog（LRH-A）8 μ g+ maleic acids
Europe ketone（DOM）80μg；
B, induced spawning method：Female parent using hastening parturition twice, and used drug dose is identical twice, hasten parturition twice when
Between at intervals of 12 hours, male parent is only once hastened parturition, and its hasten parturition carried out after the hastening parturition for the second time of female parent it is real
Apply, concrete operation method is, by said medicine normal saline dilution into required concentration, 0.5ml decoctions to be drawn with syringe,
Syringe needle is pierced at the thoracic cavity or abdominal cavity of parent along 30 ° ~ 45 ° oblique angles to be injected, the vertical depth of injection is no more than 0.5 cm,
Parent after injection puts back in culture pond and changes water once daily in cultivation, pond；
（4）Checked before insemination
After second of injection of female parent 12 hours, the maturity of the female male parent of regular check, when discovery female parent
Belly expands softness, and gonopore redness evagination gently presses belly to have sense of movement with hand, illustrates to have started to ovulation；Male parent's reproduction
Redness is expanded in hole, and belly is extruded with hand, is had the outflow of white clear liquid, is illustrated that sperm is ripe, artificial insemination should be carried out immediately；
（5）Artificial insemination
The female parent for starting ovulation is wrapped with gauze, makes its belly exposed, extrudes its belly 3 ~ 5 from the front to the back with hand
It is secondary, the ovum of extrusion is put into the glassware sterilized in advance, at the same time, crushing failure at high speed male parent's belly, extrusion essence
Liquid, compares 1 according to the quantity of male female parent（Tail）：3（Tail）Fusion essence, ovum, then be gently mixed with clean feather, add while stirring
Physiological saline, the addition of physiological saline after fully stirring evenly, stands 5 minutes, completes artificial insemination can cover ovum as degree；
（6）Artificial incubation
Artificial insemination ovum is put into the incubation tank of 25 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperatures, hatching sieve, hatching cylinder or other incubation equipments and carried out
Lotic hatching, when " waist point " occurs completely, remove incubation equipment, to culture pond in carry out hybridization fry cultivation；
（7）Hybridize fry rearing
The cultivation of hybridization fry takes segmented to cultivate, the first stage, in fry rupture of membranes 1 ~ 7 day, feeds soya-bean milk, specific behaviour
It is to soak soya bean 5 ~ 10 hours with 30 ~ 40 DEG C of warm water as method, to beans overflow, then adds the 10 ~ 15 of dry soya bean weight
Times water mill is splashed and fed in daily morning, noon, evening, night into soya-bean milk, daily replacing water once, 22 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperature；Second stage,
After fry rupture of membranes 7 days, animal feed is fed, concrete operation method is, by earthworm, silk earthworm, wheel animalcule, dried shrimp, spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, small fish
The raw material such as meat and pluck, which is cooked, to be cut into small pieces, then admixes a certain proportion of flavoring and straw pulp, is thrown in daily early, evening, night
Fry is fed, feeding volume is cumulative with age in days, water is changed weekly 3 times, 22 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperature, hybridization fry has cultivated 4 in culture pond
Cement pit is then moved to after week or fish pond is continued cultivation and grown up.
Described swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, its step（1）Female male parent be selected from more merit and
Merit can reach the swamp eel population of two different cultivars of complementation.
Described swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, its step（1）Female parent and male parent quantity ratio be 3：
1 。
Described swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, its step（6）, step（7）For hatching insemination ovum and cultivating hybridization
Water used by fry, its dissolved oxygen DO >=6mg/L.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the steps：
（1）Juvenile stage
A, female parent：Selective body 26 ~ 35cm of length, it is abdominal distention, transparent, there are obvious ovary profile, physique healthy and strong, without substantially
It is sick and wounded, female swamp eel of the body weight between 100 ~ 120g；
B, male parent：Long more than the 40cm of selective body, belly is opaque, physique healthy and strong, and mobility is strong, and maturity is good, without bright
Show sick and wounded, male swamp eel of the body weight between 200 ~ 240g；
（2）Parent culture
Female male parent is put in a suitable place to breed in male and female parent culture pond respectively, 5 ~ 10 tails are put in a suitable place to breed per pond, water temperature be maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C it
Between, daily early, evening, night respectively carry out a feeding, and each feeding amount is the 6% ~ 8% of body weight, changes water once within every two days；
（3）Parent hastens parturition
A, oxytocic drug and dosage：Female male parent penetrates luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog per endnote every time（LRH-A）10~
25 μ g, or human chorionic gonadtropin（HCG）180 ~ 450 IU, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog（LRH-A）5~
10 μ g+ human chorionic gonadtropins（HCG）50 ~ 150 IU, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog（LRH-A）5~10μ
G+ maleic acid DOMs（DOM）50-100μg；
B, induced spawning method：Female parent using hastening parturition twice, and used drug dose is identical twice, between the time hastened parturition twice
Be divided into 10 ~ 12 hours, male parent is only once hastened parturition, and its hasten parturition carried out after the hastening parturition for the second time of female parent it is real
Apply, concrete operation method is that said medicine is diluted into required concentration with physiological saline or ringer's solution, drawn with syringe
0.5 ~ 1ml decoctions, are injected, the vertical depth of injection at the thoracic cavity or abdominal cavity of parent along 30 ° ~ 45 ° oblique angles piercing syringe needles
No more than 0.5 cm, the parent after injection puts back in culture pond and changes water once daily in cultivation, pond；
（4）Checked before insemination
After second of injection of female parent 12 hours, the maturity of the female male parent of regular check, when discovery female parent belly
Softness is expanded, gonopore redness evagination gently presses belly to have sense of movement with hand, illustrates to have started to ovulation；Male parent's gonopore is swollen
It is big red and swollen, belly is extruded with hand, has the outflow of white clear liquid, illustrates that sperm is ripe, artificial insemination should be carried out immediately；
（5）Artificial insemination
The female parent for starting ovulation is wrapped with gauze, makes its belly exposed, extrudes its belly from the front to the back with hand 3 ~ 5 times,
The ovum of extrusion is put into the glassware sterilized in advance, at the same time, crushing failure at high speed male parent's belly extrudes seminal fluid,
According to the quantity of male female parent than 1 tail：3 ~ 4 tails fusion essence, ovum, then be gently mixed with clean feather, physiology is added while stirring
The addition of salt solution or ringer's solution, physiological saline or ringer's solution is can cover ovum as degree, after fully stirring evenly, and stand 3 ~ 5
Minute, complete artificial insemination；
（6）Artificial incubation
Artificial insemination ovum is put into the incubation tank, hatching sieve, the interior progress Lotic hatching of hatching cylinder incubation equipment of 25 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperatures,
When " waist point " occurs completely, remove incubation equipment, to culture pond in carry out hybridization fry cultivation；
（7）Hybridize fry rearing
The cultivation of hybridization fry takes segmented to cultivate, the first stage, in fry rupture of membranes 1 ~ 7 day, feeds soya-bean milk, concrete operations side
Method is to soak soya bean 5 ~ 10 hours with 30 ~ 40 DEG C of warm water, to beans overflow, then adds 10 ~ 15 times of water of dry soya bean weight
Soya-bean milk is worn into, splashes and feeds in daily morning, noon, evening, night, change water once daily, 22 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperature；Second stage, fry
After rupture of membranes 7 days, feed animal feed, concrete operation method is, by earthworm, silk earthworm, wheel animalcule, dried shrimp, spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, the small flesh of fish and
Pluck, which is cooked, to be cut into small pieces, then admixes a certain proportion of flavoring and straw pulp, feeds fry in daily early, evening, night, feeds
Amount is cumulative with age in days, water is changed weekly 2~3 times, and 22 ~ 28 DEG C of water temperature, hybridization fry has cultivated 3 ~ 5 Zhou Houzai in culture pond
Move to cement pit or fish pond is continued cultivation and grown up.
2. swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Female male parent choosing
From the swamp eel population for two different cultivars that complementation can be reached with more merit and merit.
3. swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（6）, step（7）It is used for
Water used by hatching insemination ovum and cultivation hybridization fry, its dissolved oxygen DO >=6mg/L.
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| CN201410599837.2A CN104472399B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | A kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method |
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| CN201410599837.2A CN104472399B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | A kind of swamp eel intraspecific hybridization breeding method |
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| CN110583624B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-06-22 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | High-efficiency use method of finless eel sperms |
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| CN101664009A (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-03-10 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for breeding finless eel in pond |
| CN102986570B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Method for increasing fry collecting rate and young fry survival rate of ricefield eels in artificial propagation |
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