CN101999332B - Test-tube Tilapia nilotica breeding method - Google Patents
Test-tube Tilapia nilotica breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101999332B CN101999332B CN2010105602358A CN201010560235A CN101999332B CN 101999332 B CN101999332 B CN 101999332B CN 2010105602358 A CN2010105602358 A CN 2010105602358A CN 201010560235 A CN201010560235 A CN 201010560235A CN 101999332 B CN101999332 B CN 101999332B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test-tube Tilapia nilotica breeding method relating to an aquatic product fry technique and comprising the following steps of: respectively injecting oxytocic into milter and the raun of Tilapia nilotica and then making the milter lay sperms; collecting and then diluting the sperms with 0.8 percent normal saline preserving fluid into 4-5 times and then mixing the sperms with ova laid from the raun and stirring for 3-5 min to fertilize the ova, and then hatching fertilized ova into fries. The test-tube Tilapia nilotica breeding method can greatly improve the breeding efficiency and the hatching rate of the Tilapia nilotica and the survival rate of the fries, and provides the technical and method support for developing the gynogenesis, the polyploid breeding and the family establishment and breeding of the Tilapia nilotica.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic products fry technology, particularly relate to the method for the bolti of artificial propagation.
Background technology
Bolti belongs to the tropical fish, has wide adaptability, feeding habits are assorted, premunition is strong, and efficiency of feed utilization is high, advantages such as the fast and fine and tender taste of growth, thereby receive culturist's welcome.
Current; The propagation method of bolti is: sexually matured female, male parent population is put into water temperature stability in the same breeding pond more than 18 ℃; Treat that water temperature rises to 22 ℃ and raun ovulates voluntarily, milter row is smart when above, smart ovum combines fertilization to carry out the natural propagation offspring.The weak point of this natural propagation method is: the one, and high to the requirement in breeding pond, it need level sterilization to it before parent population is put in a suitable place to breed, kill wild fishes in the fishpond, harmful organisms and pathogene, also wants basal dressing after cleaning up the pond; The 2nd, the quantity of fertilized egg is few, and reproductive efficiency is low, and the survival rate of incubation rate and fry is very low; The 3rd, unfavorable large-scale mass production, artificial control is difficult; The 4th, be difficult to obtain unfertilized ovum and early stage ovum of being fertilized, some breeding methods are difficult to be applied in the breeding of bolti.
Number of patent application is 2007101331957 Tilapia mossambica male and female pairing propagation method; It is in outdoor ponds or cement pit, to place net cage; Selecting the male Tilapia mossambica of fully-developed cuts its upper jaw and is placed in the net cage with the thimerosal sterilization; Again the fully-developed raun is put into its net cage and match and cultivated 7-10 days, in the raun oral cavity, obtain fertilized egg.This propagation method weak point is: the time of time that tilapia male steck is smart and the ovulation of Tilapia mossambica raun not necessarily but can be synchronous.When milter row was smart when asynchronous, raun was failed ovulation, or during the raun ovulation, and it is smart that milter is failed row.Lost the chance of raun ovum fertilization like this.Therefore, the quantity of fertilized egg is few, and reproductive efficiency is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of test-tube bolti propagation method; It is the method that bolti is raised up seed through artificial insemination.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
1, the selection of bolti sexual maturity parent population:
(1) outward appearance, the bolti milter secondary sex character of maturation is obvious, and its head, body, each fin nuptial coloration of afterbody i.e. pink are obvious, and two of cloacal apertures are anus and urethra gonopore, and the gonopore mastoid process is long and sharp, little red.The raun cloacal aperture is 3, is anus, urethra, gonopore.Ripe bolti raun secondary sex character is not too obvious, and the gonopore mastoid process is short, little red.
(2) individual size, male bolti parent population individuality is bigger than raun, male 0.4-1kg, female bolti parent population individuality is at 0.2-0.6kg.
(3) the hasten parturition selection of parent population, except that above-mentioned condition, dam fish individual artificial when squeezing ovum and observing (squeeze ovum number piece), ovum grain size evenly, shot, faint yellow.When male bolti squeezes essence, there is the milky white seminal fluid of water sample to flow out for good.
2, artificial induced spawning and fertilization:
(1) selection of oxytocic drug: male parent population and dam fish oxytocic drug divide single with and mixing make two kinds of medicament;
Single medicament is meant: the efficient fish of injection is with ocyodinic, carp hypophysis (PG), human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG), luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A
2),
Mixing is meant medicament: PG and LRH-A
2Or LRH-A
2Mix use with HCG.
(2) injection site of ocyodinic: male parent population and dam fish medicine are hastened parturition and are adopted the mode of pin injection or the injection of two pins to carry out; One pin injection is meant oxytocic drug is expelled to pectoral fin base portion position in raun, the milter body respectively by the dosage of raun, milter separately is disposable; The injection of two pins is meant the 1/6-1/3 of raun first pin injection oxytocic drug accumulated dose, and second pin carries out after 8-12 hour in the injection of first pin, and injects its oxytocic drug surplus; Milter injection oxytocic drug dosage is 1/2 of raun oxytocic drug dosage; Milter disposable injection when raun is annotated second pin;
The concrete dosage of single usefulness has: 1. efficient fish is used ocyodinic: raun is 300-400IU (international unit) for every kilogram, and milter is 150-200 IU (international unit) for every kilogram; 2. chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is single uses: raun is 700-800IU (international unit) for every kilogram, and milter is 350-400 IU (international unit) for every kilogram; 3. luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A
2), every kilogram of 6-8 microgram of raun, every kilogram of 3-4 microgram of milter;
Mix dosage: every kilogram of PG 3-4 of raun milligram+LRH-A
2The 3-5 microgram, every kilogram of PG 1.5-2 of milter milligram+LRH-A
21.5-2.5 microgram; Or every kilogram of LRH-A of raun
21-2 microgram+HCG 500-600IU, every kilogram of LRH-A of milter
20.5-1 microgram+HCG 250-300IU;
(3) hasten parturition water temperature: water temperature 25-32 ℃;
(4) the effect time: inject certainly that the time to dam's steck ovum is the effect time behind the oxytocic drug, in the time of water temperature 25-30 ℃, 12-25 hour effect time;
(5) artificial insemination: female, male parent population is put into spawning inducing pool and carries out stimulation by running water after injecting oxytocic drug; After time parent population is caught reaching effect, divide don't push ovum and row smart, after seminal fluid is preserved 4-5 times of liquid dilution with 0.8% physiological salt liquid; Pour in the ovum of containing the ovum basin mixing into and add water and stir after 4-5 minute it fully is fertilized; Clean fertilized egg, outwell the smart water body of band, carry out miniflow water or flowing water hatching after adding new water;
3, artificial incubation and emerging
(1) hatching utensil: bolti is a demersal egg, and its incubator has plastic casing, incubator box, hatchery or incubation tank;
(2) hatching requires: the general 5-10 of the depth of water centimetre, each once cleans fertilized egg sooner or later, avoids the high light direct projection during hatching, and the hatching water temperature is 25-32 ℃, brooding time emerged at 72-144 hour (yolk seedling);
(3) open-mouthed bait: the back bolti seedling of emerging sinks to bottom, absorb self with yolk sac in yolk be endogenous nutrition, can put down trip after 3-4 days and can open food, can throw something and feed ripe aioli or immature zooplankton wheel animalcule or young trionyx sinensis feed of open-mouthed bait gets final product.
Advantage of the present invention is following:
1, the present invention make its milter row essence and raun ovulation period synchronous, thereby the quantity of fertilized egg is many through artificial insemination breeding bolti, and reproductive efficiency is high, and the survival rate of hatching and fry is high.
2, the present invention sets up the gynogenesis of carrying out bolti, ploidy breeding and parent and seed selection provides the support of technology and method.
3, the present invention produces from monistic natural propagation the bolti seed, or collects the incubating oosperm mode to relying on scientific and technological advances, and improves reproductive efficiency and changes, and it has huge impetus and positive effect to bolti fry kind industry.
Embodiment
It below is specific embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment one
(1) the bolti parent who hanks ripe; Promptly select for use head, body, afterbody and each fin that the milky white seminal fluid outflow of water sample is arranged when 0.4 kg also squeezes essence with manual work for pink significantly milter weighs; Select the gonopore mastoid process short and justify; The heavy 0.2kg of little red raun and with manual compression number piece ovum, its ovum grain size evenly, be faint yellow.
(2) with ocyodinic milter, raun are injected with the efficient fish of injection that doctor's thing Science and Technology Ltd. produces with Shanghai.The raun ID is 60IU, and a pin has been annotated; The milter injection volume is 60IU, and a pin has been annotated.The injection site is the pectoral fin base portion.
(3) carry out stimulation by running water with putting into spawning inducing pool after female, the male parent population injection, water temperature is 25 ℃ to be checked after the effect time reaches 25 hours and mature brood fish is caught, and carries out artificial insemination, promptly divides don't push ovum and row smart.Seminal fluid with preserve pour into after 4 times of the liquid 0.8% physiological saline dilutions contain in the ovum basin ovum mixing and add water stir it fully was fertilized 4 minutes after; Clean fertilized egg; Outwell the smart water body of band, add new water after, carry out the hatching of miniflow water or flowing water in the hatchery of 5 centimetres of the depth of waters.Avoid the sunlight direct projection during hatching, 25 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, brooding time went out fry in 144 hours.
Embodiment two
(1) the bolti parent who hanks ripe; Promptly select for use head, body, afterbody and each fin to be the tangible heavy 1kg of milter and the milky white seminal fluid outflow of water sample is arranged when smart of pink with artificial squeezing; Select the gonopore mastoid process short and justify; The heavy 0.6kg of little red raun and with manual compression number piece ovum, its ovum grain size evenly, be faint yellow.
(2) carry out the injection of two pins with fine hair gland gonadotropin (HCG).The raun ID is 480IU, and the first needle injection amount is 160IU, and second pin is injected 320IU in the injection of first pin after 8 hours, and the injection site is a raun pectoral fin base portion; The milter ID is 400IU, milter disposable injection when raun is annotated second pin; The injection site is a milter pectoral fin base portion.
(3) carry out stimulation by running water with putting into spawning inducing pool behind female, the male parent population injection oxytocic drug, 32 ℃ of the water temperatures of hastening parturition are caught parent population after aging time reaches 12 hours, carry out artificial insemination, promptly divide don't push ovum and row smart.Seminal fluid stirs it fully is fertilized with pouring in the ovum mixing after 5 times of the 0.8% physiological salt liquid dilutions into and adding water.After 5 minutes, clean fertilized egg, outwell the smart water body of band, add new water after, carry out the hatching of miniflow water or flowing water in the hatchery of 10 centimetres of the depth of waters.Avoid the sunlight direct projection during hatching, 32 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, brooding time went out fry in 72 hours.
Embodiment three
(1) the bolti parent who hanks ripe; Promptly select for use head, body, afterbody and each fin to be the tangible heavy 1kg of milter and the milky white seminal fluid outflow of water sample is arranged when smart of pink with artificial squeezing; Select the gonopore mastoid process short and justify; The heavy 0.6kg of little red raun and with manual compression number piece ovum, its ovum grain size evenly, be light gray.
(2) with carp hypophysis (PG)+short body releasing hormone analog (LRH-A of battalion
2) mix and carry out pin injection.The raun ID is 2.4 milligrams+LRH-A of PG
23 micrograms, a pin has been annotated, and the injection site is a raun pectoral fin base portion; The milter injection volume is 2 milligrams+LRH-A of PG
22.5 after microgram was mixed, a pin had been annotated, the injection site is a milter pectoral fin base portion.
(3) carry out stimulation by running water with putting into spawning inducing pool behind female, the male parent population injection oxytocic drug, 28 ℃ of the water temperatures of hastening parturition are caught parent population after aging time reaches 20 hours, carry out artificial insemination, promptly divide don't push ovum and row smart.Seminal fluid stirs it fully is fertilized with pouring in the ovum mixing after 5 times of the 0.8% physiological salt liquid dilutions into and adding water.After 5 minutes, clean fertilized egg, outwell the smart water body of band, add new water after, carry out the hatching of miniflow water or flowing water in the hatchery of 10 centimetres of the depth of waters.Avoid the sunlight direct projection during hatching, 28 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, brooding time went out fry in 100 hours.
Embodiment four
(1) the bolti parent who hanks ripe; Promptly select for use head, body, afterbody and each fin to be the tangible heavy 1kg of milter and the milky white seminal fluid outflow of water sample is arranged when smart of pink with artificial squeezing; Select the gonopore mastoid process short and justify; The heavy 0.6kg of little red raun and with manual compression number piece ovum, its ovum grain size evenly, be light gray.
(2) with short corpus luteum releasing hormone analog (LRH-A
2The injection of)+human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG) mixing carrying out two pins.The raun ID is LRH-A
21.2 microgram+HCG 360IU mixes the injection of two pins, the first pin LRH-A
20.2 microgram and HCG 60IU hybrid injection, second pin is injected LRH-A after first pin is annotated 12 hours
21 microgram and HCG 3000IU hybrid injection, injection site are raun pectoral fin base portion; The milter ID is LRH-A
21 microgram+HCG 300IU mixes the injection of two pins, milter disposable injection when raun is annotated second pin; The injection site is a milter pectoral fin base portion.
(3) carry out stimulation by running water with putting into spawning inducing pool behind the male and female parent population injection oxytocic drug, 25 ℃ of the water temperatures of hastening parturition are caught parent population after the effect time reaches 30 hours, carry out artificial insemination, promptly divide don't push ovum and row smart.Seminal fluid stirs it fully is fertilized with pouring in the ovum mixing after 5 times of the 0.8% physiological salt liquid dilutions into and adding water.After 5 minutes, clean fertilized egg, outwell the smart water body of band, add new water after, carry out the hatching of miniflow water or flowing water in the hatchery of 10 centimetres of the depth of waters.Avoid the sunlight direct projection during hatching, 30 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, brooding time went out fry in 90 hours.
Claims (1)
1. one kind relates to the technological a kind of test-tube bolti propagation method of aquatic products fry, it is characterized in that:
(1) selection of bolti sexual maturity parent population: the individual 0.4-1kg of the tangible male parent population of the secondary sex character of selective maturation; The dam fish individuality of selective maturation is at 0.2-0.6kg; And raun is carried out manual work squeeze piece observation of ovum number, ovum grain size is even, faint yellow, shot; When male parent population is squeezed essence, there is the milky white seminal fluid of water sample to flow out;
(2) artificial induced spawning and fertilization:
The selection of oxytocic drug: male parent population and dam fish oxytocic drug divide single with and mixing make two kinds of medicament, single medicament is meant: the efficient fish of injection is with ocyodinic, carp hypophysis, human chorionic gonadtropin, luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog,
Mixing is meant medicament: the carp hypophysis mixes use with luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog or luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog with human chorionic gonadtropin;
The injection site of ocyodinic: male parent population and dam fish medicine are hastened parturition and are adopted the mode of pin injection or the injection of two pins to carry out; One pin injection is meant oxytocic drug is expelled to pectoral fin base portion position in raun, the milter body respectively by the dosage of raun, milter separately is disposable; The injection of two pins is meant the 1/6-1/3 of raun first pin injection oxytocic drug accumulated dose, and second pin carries out after 8-12 hour in the injection of first pin, and injects its oxytocic drug surplus; Milter injection oxytocic drug dosage is 1/2 of raun oxytocic drug dosage, milter disposable injection when raun is annotated second pin;
Its injection site is raun, milter pectoral fin base portion position separately,
The concrete dosage of single usefulness has: 1. efficient fish is used ocyodinic: raun is 300-400IU for every kilogram, and milter is 150-200IU for every kilogram; 2. chorionic gonadotropin: raun is 700-800IU for every kilogram, and milter is 350-400IU for every kilogram; 3. luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog: every kilogram of 6-8 microgram of raun, every kilogram of 3-4 microgram of milter,
Mix dosage: every kilogram of carp hypophysis of raun 3-4 milligram+luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog 3-5 microgram, every kilogram of carp hypophysis of milter 1.5-2 milligram+luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog 1.5-2.5 microgram; Or every kilogram of luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog 1-2 microgram+chorionic gonadotropin 500-600IU of raun, every kilogram of luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog 0.5-1 microgram+chorionic gonadotropin 250-300IU of milter,
Hasten parturition water temperature: water temperature 25-32 ℃,
In the time of effect time: water temperature 25-30 ℃, 12-25 hour effect time,
Artificial insemination: put into spawning inducing pool after female, the male parent population injection and carry out stimulation by running water; After time parent population is caught reaching effect, divide don't push ovum and row smart, after seminal fluid is preserved 4-5 times of liquid dilution with 0.8% physiological salt liquid; Pour in the ovum mixing into and add water and stir after 4-5 minute it fully is fertilized; Cleaning receives seminal fluid, outwells the smart water body of band, carries out miniflow water or flowing water hatching after adding new water;
(3) artificial incubation and emerging
Hatching utensil: bolti is a demersal egg, and its incubator has plastic casing, incubator box, hatchery or incubation tank,
Hatching requires: depth of water 5-10 centimetre, each once cleans fertilized egg sooner or later, avoids the high light direct projection during hatching, and the hatching water temperature is 25-32 ℃, and it is the yolk seedling that brooding time was emerged at 72-144 hour,
Open-mouthed bait: the back bolti seedling of emerging sinks to bottom, absorb self with yolk sac in yolk be endogenous nutrition, can put down trip after 3-4 days and can open food, open-mouthed bait throw something and feed ripe aioli or immature zooplankton wheel animalcule or young trionyx sinensis feed.
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| CN2010105602358A CN101999332B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Test-tube Tilapia nilotica breeding method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102860274B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-01-22 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Artificial reproduction method for tilapia |
| CN103937824B (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2017-05-10 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Preparation method of transgenic tilapia with lysozyme gene |
| CN104026055B (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-06-15 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of control method of Pelteobagrus vachelli hatch fish roe phase fish molds |
| CN105145438B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-12-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | The method for establishing bolti merit female pure lines |
| CN105494185B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-11-24 | 贵州乌江水电开发有限责任公司 | A kind of method of spring fish artificial propagation |
| CN110892874A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-20 | 成都市农林科学院 | Artificial cross breeding method for flowers and lips |
Citations (1)
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| CN101133726A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-03-05 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Tilapia oosperm artificial incubation method |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101133726A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-03-05 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Tilapia oosperm artificial incubation method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 周宏.尼罗罗非鱼的人工繁殖技术要点.《水利渔业》.2001,第21卷(第3期),第31、53页. * |
| 强俊等."吉富"罗非鱼的工厂化早繁及苗种培育技术研究.《科学养鱼》.2010,(第9期),第10-11页. |
| 李建林等.奥利亚罗非鱼全人工繁殖试验.《水产养殖》.2006,第27卷(第5期),第25-27页. * |
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