CN104435367A - 一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂,由绞股蓝、枳椇子及功劳木等原料药制成。其制备方法为:备原料药、原料药水提取为药材提取液,将药材提取液制为浸膏粉,制剂。本发明多种原料药有机组合,协同作用,标本兼治,使肝脏安康、阴阳平衡,有效治疗因体内蓄积的各种微量毒素造成的皮肤生疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹、容颜粗糙晦暗。在饮酒后服用本发明可加速酒精的分解和代谢,调理肝脏机能,清理血液和肠道,调理气血,疏通水道,加速毒素的代谢和运输,减少毒素滞留,降低酒精对人体的伤害。本发明采用纯中药制成,剂型多样,使用方便、安全可靠,无毒副作用,可长期使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种植物药制剂及其制备方法,具体是一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
人类进入工业社会,食物链污染越来越严重,农产品中的残留农药,渔牧肉品中的激素和抗生素,加工食品中的防腐剂、色素、添加剂等越来越多的进入人体;随着工业化的发展,越来越多的饮用水受到污染;大气的污染也越来越严重;这些污染将对人体内带来越来越的毒素。现代人们的生活饮食过于精细,高脂高盐,运动量减少,或暴饮暴食,或劳倦过度,使得人体代谢机能逐渐降低,肠胃及肝肾功能减弱;不能及时排出体内废物和残渣将腐败、发酵产生粪毒;现代生活节凑快,精神压力大,将使人们的脏腑失调,阴阳不和也使体内产生内毒;这些由外部带来的外毒和内部产生的内毒如不能及时排出体外,将进入人们的肌体,损害人体的肌体和正常生理功能,引发多种疾病。粪毒入血使肌肤粗糙、面色无华,脸上容易出现斑、痘、暗疮、黄褐斑等。傣医认为五谷杂粮、烟、酒、糖、茶、瓜果、蔬菜等食物提供了人体所需的营养物质,但过食过量将对人体成为负担,形成毒素。正常情况下,这些毒素可通过机体的正常代谢功能将其分解排除,若过食香燥、饮酒、嗜烟均可导致各种毒素聚集于体内,而致体内四塔、五蕴功能失调,使人体轻则出现皮肤生疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹、容颜粗糙晦暗,重则发生恶变,如全身感染、五脏六腑病变等。傣医学认为,饮食不节,情志失调等原因而致肝肾功能障碍,表现为脾胃虚弱,肾阳虚衰、肝气瘀阻等,这些疾病其病在脾胃,与肝肾密切相关,其病性为本虚标实,虚实夹杂。肝肾之气失司为本,胃肠功能失调为辅,致气血逆乱,脏腑失调,阴阳不和。对于这些症状西药往往难以凑效。傣医认为这些症状需服用解药,即傣医的雅解以增强肝功能,及时排除身体内的毒素,减少疾病发生,方能身体健康。市场上有很多排毒方面的中成药。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于根据傣医对排毒及治疗肝功能方面疾病的理论,提出一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法的技术方案。
本发明的技术方案:一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂,由下述质量份原料药制成:
绞股蓝30-1000 枳椇子10-100 功劳木5-200 松针10-100
大叶茶10-100 香藤10-100 栀子花10-100 甜菜10-100
利尿藤10-100 苦藤10-100。
所述的制剂为丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂、片剂及饮料。
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法,其特征在于,丸剂、散剂、胶囊剂和片剂的制备方法的具体步骤如下:
(1)按权利要求1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法制成丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂以及片剂。
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法,饮料的制备方法的具体步骤如下:
(1)按权利要求1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法加入75-95%的水及辅料制成饮料。
在本发明中:大叶茶,傣名为腊龙,也称普洱茶Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze Var. assamica (Mast.) Kitamura.
经过现代科学的分离和鉴定,茶叶中含有机化学成分达四百五十多种,无机矿物元素达四十多种。茶叶中的有机化学成分和无机矿物元素含有许多营养成分和药效成分。茶叶不但有对多科疾病的治疗和保健效能,而且有良好的延年益寿、抗老强身的作用。
功劳木,傣名为先勒,中药名为十大功劳Mahonia nepalensis DC.
甜菜,傣名为帕弯,也称守宫木Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.
利尿藤 ,傣名为嘿盖贯,也称为倒心盾翅藤、倒心叶盾翅藤Aspidopterys obcordata Hemsl.
苦藤,傣名为嘿吻牧,也称为南山藤Dregea volubilis (L.f.) Benth. ex Hook. f.
松针:松树的针状叶。
在本发明中还有绞股蓝、枳椇子、松针、栀子花。
枳椇子、大叶茶含有大量的葡萄糖、有机酸,既能扩充人体的血容量,又能解酒毒,故有醒酒安神的作用。松针、栀子花长期服用,治百病,安五脏,生毛发,耐寒暑,耐风吹雨打,轻身益气,守中而辟谷延年。松叶以除邪气为主,邪去则正安,疾病不生,从而获得不饥延年的实效。功劳木、利尿藤、苦根、甜菜清火解毒,利胆退黄。治“案答勒、答蒿”,即甲、乙肝炎及各种原因引起的黄疸病。绞股蓝主治:体虚乏力;虚劳失精;白细胞减少症;高脂血症;病毒性肝炎;慢性胃肠炎;慢性气管炎。
本发明是根据傣医学的“四塔五蕴”学说,集众医家所长,广采博收云南各民族地区特别是傣族地区的奇药妙方,提取精华,基于传统医学对肝功能的发病机理的认识及治疗原则,参考古今中医学药理研究成就,经长期诊疗病例的临床实践总结而成。本发明的药物筛选具有排毒及调理肝脏功能傣药,按傣医学理论组方,使多味药有机组合,协同作用。本发明重点以阴阳平衡,扶正袪邪,通腑泄毒,清热解毒,调理肝功能,调节人体的新陈代谢机能,提高人体肝脏解毒能力,也就是傣医学说中的益精血调平火塔,调理气血阴阳,顾护生命之源之功效。
傣族医学认为,呆即肝脏的位置在人体上腹部右肋内及近心窝上端,其分为两叶。呆的主要生理功能是主管人的血液,储藏和调节血液的运行,滋养机体。同时呆还产生胆汁,帮助消化食物,排泄毒物。傣医认为呆颜色与人的肤色有关,皮肤颜色偏黑或黑红色的,肝脏也大多为紫红色而有光泽,皮肤白的人肝脏色稍偏红色。呆之病证多因塔拎即土壅滞、塔拢即风、气过盛,或塔拎、塔拢不足,肝胆功能失调所致。表现为胁肋下隐隐作痛,摸之无包块肿物,神差,心翻欲呕,白晴色淡黄,视物不清,少气懒言,脉来弱而无力为“案答蒿”,类似无黄疸型肝炎、贫血等慢性疾病。傣医经书《嘎雅山哈雅》中记载:麻叫即肾脏,位于腰内,左、右各一个,主要生理功能是主管“塔喃”即水、血的运行,有生水排水,调节水即体液运行转输,以及排泄功能,为水之通道。若麻叫即肾脏功能失调,水道不通,则可产生与水液运行障碍有关的各种疾病,麻叫病证主要为塔喃即水血功能的失调,如水肿病、结石病。本发明是选用傣族药食同源的植物,按照傣医四塔五蕴理论,学习傣医学经典验方结合中医开发的一种新制剂,多种原料药有机组合,协同作用,标本兼治,使肝脏安康、阴阳平衡,有效治疗因体内蓄积的各种微量毒素造成的皮肤生疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹、容颜粗糙晦暗。在饮酒后服用本发明的制剂可加速酒精的分解和代谢,调理肝脏机能,清理血液和肠道,调理气血,疏通水道,加速毒素的代谢和运输,减少毒素滞留,降低酒精对人体的伤害。本发明采用纯中药制成,剂型多样,使用方便、安全可靠,无毒副作用,可长期使用。
本发明的药物剂型为丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂、片剂及饮料。口服剂,丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂、片剂每天3次,每次6-10克,口服液每次10-20毫升,3-10天为一个疗程,通常1-2个疗程有效,顽症需3-4个疗程。饮料每天3次,每次200-400毫升, 1-3天为一个疗程,通常1-2个疗程有效,通常酒后服用效果更佳。各种剂型可交替使用。
本发明的动物实验的报告:
本发明对体外四氯化碳致肝细胞损伤的修复作用
1、材料
1.1药物:由本公司提供的具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂的颗粒剂为样品
1.2试剂: DMEM 培养基,批号12800082;优级胎牛血清,批号16000044;胰蛋白酶,批号25200056,美国Gibco公司;1I型胶原酶,批号9001121,美国Sigma公司;四氯化碳,CC1 ,北京化工厂生产。谷丙转氨ALT,谷草转氨酶AST测试盒,南京建成生物工程研究所提供,批号均为20120618。
1.3动物:SD大鼠,SPF级,昆明医学院实验动物中心提供。
2、方法
2.1大鼠原代肝细胞的制备与培养
采用在体灌流的方法制备与培养大鼠原代肝细胞。将大鼠以10%乌拉坦麻醉,门静脉插管,先以无钙灌流冲洗肝脏,在以Ⅳ 型胶原酶灌流液消化肝组织间质,将肝细胞分散入平皿内,以D—Hanks液吹打清洗过滤肝细胞,以DMEM培养基制成1×10 cell/L肝细胞悬液,培养基含10%胎牛血清,10 000 U青霉素,100 U链霉素。分离的肝细胞经0.6% 台盼蓝拒染法测得细胞活力大于90% ,高碘酸雪夫反应显示糖原法鉴定99% 为肝实质细胞。将上述肝细胞混悬液加入24孔板中,每孔l mL,将装有细胞混悬液的细胞培养板放入37 ℃含5% 二氧化碳的恒温孵箱中培养24 h,更换培养基。
2.2 本发明的样品对四氯化碳所致大鼠肝细胞损伤的影响
取一块24孔板,各孔中加入1×109/mL的单细胞混悬液,每孔1.1 mL,将细胞培养板放入37℃含5% CO2的恒温孵箱中培养24 h,更换培养基后继续培养24 h,吸取上清液检测ALT,AST含量,作为空白对照。
另取两块24孔板,各孔中加入1×109/mL的单细胞混悬液1 mL,以6孔为1组,设置以下组别:①分别加入本发明颗粒剂制备的样品,取上述发明的颗粒剂加注射用水溶解各100 uL,使样品的终浓度分别为1 g·mL,作为供试品组;②每孔加入100ul培养基,作为模型对照组。将上述细胞培养板放人37℃含5% CO2的恒温孵箱中培养24 h后,置密闭塑料盒中,内置0.4mol·L (体积)的CCl4,37℃ 温孵90min,造成肝细胞损伤模型。更换培养基后继续培养24 h,吸取上清液,检测ALT,AST含量评价肝细胞的损伤程度。
3、结果
采用分光光度法,测定各板各孔细胞培养液上清液ALT,AST含量MDA的活性,结果见表1。结果表明:① 与空白对照组比较,模型组ALT,AST及MDA显著升高,P<0.05,② 与模型对照组比较,本发明样品能显著降低ALT,AST,MDA含量。
表1 各菌栀黄注射液样品对CCl4 致大鼠原代肝细胞损伤的影响(xˉ±s.n=6)
注:与模型对照组比较P<0.05。
4 结论
肝细胞是肝脏中数目最丰富和最主要的细胞,也是各种活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)攻击的主要目标,氧自由基的损伤作用是肝炎发生的重要机制之一。机体通过酶系统与非酶系统产生氧自由基,能攻击生物膜中的多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA)引发脂质过氧化反应,生成的脂质过氧化物如:MDA、氢过氧基以及新的氧自由基等,脂质过氧化作用不仅把活性氧转化成活性化学剂即非自由基性的脂类分解产物,而且通过链式或链式支链式反应放大活性氧作用。一般认为,四氯化碳造成肝损伤是CCl4进入肝细胞后,由于脂质过氧化使肝细胞膜脂质溶解,致使肝细胞变性、坏死。肝细胞膜在受损伤的同时可产生大量新的活性氧基团,促发脂质过氧化的链式反应,因此而产生的脂质过氧化物可以损伤肝脏中的各种细胞,故肝细胞膜的脂质过氧化是肝细胞损伤时的主要作用机制之一。因而测试MDA的含量可反映体内脂质过氧化的程度,间接反映出细胞损伤的程度。
研究结果表明,本发明样品均具有对体外抗CCl4 致大鼠肝细胞损伤后的修复作用。
临床观察报告:
自2010年6月——2013年12月,由西双版纳州傣医院组成的临床观察协作组对按本发明制备产品的疗效进行了临床观察,现将其观察结果总结如下:
临床试验资料:
1、因体内蓄积的各种微量毒素造成的皮肤生疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹、容颜粗糙晦暗
采用本发明的药物跟踪治疗因体内蓄积的各种微量毒素造成的皮肤生疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹、容颜粗糙晦暗性病变436例,其中,男性138例,女性298例,年龄15-55岁,患者以青壮年为主,以女性为多。
临床症状:皮肤生疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹、容颜粗糙晦暗,部分患者面部长有黄褐斑、雀斑等色素沉着性病变,有些还伴有痘、暗疮、痤疮等。部分患者有头痛、头晕、心慌、胸痛、胸闷、失眠、乏力、口腔溃疡、口臭等症状。其中321例患者有总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、尿酸等不同指标不同程度的超标。患者多使用过现有的多种治疗皮肤病的药物,效果不明显,或无效。傣医诊断认为,这类病症为肝功能下降,不能及时解毒。呆之病证多因塔拎即土壅滞、塔拢即风、气过盛,或塔拎、塔拢不足,肝胆功能失调所致。体内毒素积淤血液,不能温养四肢,而至周身疾病。血毒通过血液循环进入全身的细胞、组织器官内,会直接破坏心、脑、肝、肾、皮肤等器官的正常功能,还会严重扰乱内分泌和新陈代谢功能,损害免疫系统与神经系统等。
治疗方法:药物为口服剂,选丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂、片剂中任选一种,每天3次,每次6-10克,10天为一疗程,通常1-3个疗程有效,顽症需4-5个疗程,也可各种剂型交替使用。
治疗效果:服药1-3个疗程后,肉眼观察面部疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹,巳逐渐消除,临床症状完全消失的治愈患者为135人,治愈率31%;肉眼观察面部色斑巳明显淡化,但没有完全消除,临床症状基本消失的显效患者为201例,显效率46%,这部份患者继续服药;肉眼观察面部色斑略有淡化,临床症状有部分减少的患者70例,有效率16%,这部份患者继续服药4-5个疗程后,伴有头痛、头晕、心慌、胸痛、胸闷、失眠、乏力、口腔溃疡、口臭等症状减轻或消失;5个疗程后,症状仍不能改变的患者为30例,无效率7%。在跟踪治疗患者中未见明显药物不良反应和毒副作用,9个疗程后,没有发现有肠胃不适的现象。随访治愈患者2年未见复发。
、醉酒
采用本发明的药物跟踪治疗因酒精耐受性降低饮酒造成酒精中毒158例,其中,男性118例,女性40例,年龄15-75岁,患者以男性为主。
临床症状:酒后大脑兴奋,喋喋不休、步态蹒跚、过分活跃,正常礼仪紊乱、头痛、头昏,呕吐。意识范围显著缩小和狭窄,伴意识清晰度降低,自我意识几乎完全消失,较严重的意识和定向力障碍,可伴妄想、幻觉等体验,常有焦虑不安和抑郁,运动性兴奋带有激惹紧张性,无目的攻击而不可理解;多数患者出现完全性遗忘或岛性记忆,瞳孔光反射迟钝或消失、腱反射减低或消失等。其中89例患者仅少量饮酒或较平时减量饮酒的情况下,出现较严重的醉酒症状。傣医诊断认为,这类症状为肝功能下降,不能及时解酒所致。
治疗方法:药物为口服剂,选丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂、片剂中任选一种,每天3次,每次6-10克,3天为一疗程,通常1-3个疗程有效,也可各种剂型交替使用。
治疗效果:服药1个疗程后,酒醉症状完全消除的治愈患者为49人,治愈率31%;酒醉症状基本消失的显效患者为73例,显效率46%,这部份患者继续服药;酒醉症状有部分减少的患者25例,有效率16%,这部份患者继续服药;3个疗程后,症状仍不能改变的患者为11例,无效率7%。在跟踪治疗患者中未见明显药物不良反应和毒副作用,5个疗程后,没有发现有肠胃不适的现象。随访治愈患者1年未见复发。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药口服液制剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)按表1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法制成每瓶10毫升装的口服液。
本品为暗绿色透明的液体,味甜、气微香。
功能主治:治疗肝胆湿热、小便黄赤。治疗因体内蓄积的各种微量毒素造成皮肤生疔疖、疮疡、痈疽、斑疹、容颜粗糙晦暗及醉酒造成的肝损伤。
禁忌:忌食辛辣食物;孕妇忌服。
实施例2
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药颗粒制剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)按表1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法制成3g/袋的颗粒剂。
本品为暗绿色的颗粒,味甜、气微香。功能主治及禁忌与实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药丸剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)按表1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法制成水蜜丸剂,每10丸重0.5g,包装为3g/袋。
本品为暗绿色的水蜜丸,味甜、气微香。功能主治及禁忌与实施例1相同。
实施例4
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药片剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)按表1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法制成每片重0.5g的片剂,包装为3g/袋。
本品为暗绿色的片剂,味甜、气微香。功能主治及禁忌与实施例1相同。
实施例5
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药胶囊剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)按表1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法制成每胶囊剂,0.2g/粒,包装为3g/袋。
本品为暗绿色的片剂,味甜、气微香。功能主治及禁忌与实施例1相同。
实施例6
一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药饮料型制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)按表1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法加入75-95%的水及辅料制成饮料。灌装365ml/听。
本品为暗绿色的液体,味甜、气微香。功能主治及禁忌与实施例1相同。
表1 实施例1-5原料表
原料药 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 |
绞股蓝 | 30g | 55g | 100g | 300g | 500g | 1000g |
枳椇子 | 65g | 80g | 50g | 90g | 30g | 10g |
功劳木 | 200g | 5g | 100g | 30g | 150g | 80g |
松针 | 10g | 80g | 50g | 100g | 30g | 90g |
大叶茶 | 20g | 80g | 10g | 100g | 50g | 60g |
香藤 | 30g | 100g | 60g | 90g | 10g | 70g |
栀子花 | 75g | 30g | 100g | 10g | 90g | 60g |
甜菜 | 100g | 10g | 90g | 60g | 80g | 30g |
利尿藤 | 30g | 100g | 90g | 60g | 75g | 10g |
苦根 | 90g | 30g | 10g | 60g | 80g | 100g |
Claims (4)
1.一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂,其特征在于,由下述质量份原料药制成:
绞股蓝30-1000 枳椇子10-100 功劳木5-200 松针10-100
大叶茶10-100 香藤10-100 栀子花10-100 甜菜10-100
利尿藤10-100 苦藤10-100。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂,其特征在于,所述的制剂为丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂、片剂及饮料。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法,其特征在于,丸剂、散剂、胶囊剂和片剂的制备方法的具体步骤如下:
(1)按权利要求1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法制成丸剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、散剂以及片剂。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种具有调理肝脏功能的傣药制剂及其制备方法,其特征在于,饮料的制备方法的具体步骤如下:
(1)按权利要求1备原料药;
(2)原料药水提取,加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,温度85℃,滤液为药材提取液;
(3)将药材提取液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15kg/m的浸膏,喷雾干燥,为浸膏粉;
(4)取浸膏粉,按常规方法加入75-95%的水及辅料制成饮料。
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