CN104403811B - Radionuclide detergent and its application method that a kind of nano inorganic material is combined with APG - Google Patents
Radionuclide detergent and its application method that a kind of nano inorganic material is combined with APG Download PDFInfo
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- CN104403811B CN104403811B CN201410729326.8A CN201410729326A CN104403811B CN 104403811 B CN104403811 B CN 104403811B CN 201410729326 A CN201410729326 A CN 201410729326A CN 104403811 B CN104403811 B CN 104403811B
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Abstract
The radionuclide detergent and its application method being combined the invention discloses a kind of nano inorganic material and APG, the composition of detergent include：The weight portion of alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5~2, the weight portion of nano inorganic material additive 0.1~2, the weight portion of chelating agent 1~5, the weight portion of corrosion inhibiter 1~5, the weight portion of solubilizer 1~5, the weight portion of foam stabilizer 0.1~1, the weight portion of water 71~94.4, in addition, also include the weight portion of anion surfactant 0.2~1, the weight portion of dispersant 0.1~0.5, the weight portion of inorganic salt electrolyte 1~5, the weight portion of preservative 0.1~0.5, the weight portion of thickener 0.5~2, high-speed stirred obtains foam decontaminating agent after each composition of the weight portion is mixed.It is foaming agent that the present invention uses environment amenable APG, adsorption capacity and the stronger nano inorganic material of flocculation ability are added simultaneously, preparation process is simple, it is good to radionuclide clean effect, corrosion-free to the surface of solids, degradable under illumination, secondary pollution is few, froth breaking can be completed, and froth breaking is convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radionuclide detergent, particularly one kind is by nano inorganic material and APG surface
Activating agent is combined the radionuclide detergent for obtaining.
Background technology
Nuclear facilities decontamination technology mainly has chemical decontamination, mechanical decontamination, electrochemical decontamination and the major class of bio-decontaminated four.Chemistry
Decontamination waste liquid amount is big, damages body surface, and time-consuming, and the surface of mechanical decontamination requirement pollution workpiece can be accessible, and be also easy to produce
Airborne dust, electrochemical decontamination effect is better than chemical decontamination method, but larger to the corrosion of material, and bio-decontaminated speed is slower.
The secondary waste production of foam decontamination method is few, can be clear to blind hole, slot and the general place for being difficult to clean
Wash very clean, the corrosion to material is small.But, existing foam decontaminating agent detersive efficiency is relatively low, and the foam after decontamination is difficult
With froth breaking, there is certain influence in the treatment to subsequent solution Radionuclide, such as evaporation, filtering.It is also possible to use acid solution pair
Foam carries out froth breaking, but acid solution has certain corrosiveness to equipment, and waste liquid is difficult after decontamination, radioactivity in waste liquid
Nucleic is difficult to separate and enrichment.
APG is gentle surfactant of new generation, and it has surface-active high, strong detergency, foam exquisiteness rich
It is rich, without cloud point and dilution without gel appearance, small excitant, easily biological-degradable, good compatibility the advantages of, in radionuclide foam
There is potential application value in detergent field.
Nano inorganic material has good stability, specific surface area and surface can big, reproducibility be strong, nontoxic pollution-free, inexpensive
The advantages of being easy to get, and nano inorganic material inside has the micro channel of network structure, as adsorbent within a short period of time
Adsorption equilibrium is can reach, there is good separation and enrichment to radionuclide, it is easy to the treatment of waste liquid, while part is received
Rice material has an effect of photocatalytic degradation surfactant, and foam decontaminating agent can degrade froth breaking under light illumination, in radioactive nucleus
The separation of element is with a wide range of applications with enrichment aspect.
Therefore, the excellent properties based on APG and inorganic nano material, can prepare a kind of radionuclide foam
Detergent.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is intended to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of nano inorganic material and APG table
The preparation method and application of the compound radionuclide foam decontaminating agent of face activating agent, realization is replaced with alkyl glucoside surfactant
The purpose of environment-friendly surfactant is prepared for fossil feedstock, and have to radionuclide using nano inorganic material
Good separation and concentration effect, solve existing foam decontaminating agent foam after decontamination be difficult to eliminate, the reluctant problem of waste liquid.
The present invention provide technical scheme be：
The radionuclide detergent that a kind of nano inorganic material and APG are combined, the detergent into subpackage
Include：
The weight portion of alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5~2, the weight portion of nano inorganic material additive 0.1~2, chelating agent 1
~5 weight portions, the weight portion of corrosion inhibiter 1~5, the weight portion of solubilizer 1~5, the weight portion of foam stabilizer 0.1~1, the weight of water 71~94.4
Part.
Preferably, the APG is that atomic number of alkyl carbon is that 8, atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10, atomic number of alkyl carbon
It is the one kind in 12 APG；Wherein, the atomic number of alkyl carbon is that the critical micelle concentration CMC of 8 APG is
0.6g/L, surface tension is 39.0mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.8；The atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10 alkyl
The critical micelle concentration CMC of glucosides is 0.4g/L, and surface tension is 30.7mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 14.4；It is described
Atomic number of alkyl carbon is that the critical micelle concentration CMC of 12 APG is 0.06g/L, and surface tension is 28mN/m, hydrophilic to dredge
Water balance value HLB is 13.4.
Preferably, the nano inorganic material additive is nano-TiO2、ZnO、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2, nanometer swelling
One or two combination in soil.
Preferably, the chelating agent is the one kind in sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
Preferably, the corrosion inhibiter is the one kind in sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, triethanolamine, petroleum sodium sulfonate.
Preferably, the solubilizer is the one kind in urea, polyethylene glycol, paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt.
Preferably, the foam stabilizer is the one kind in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, cocounut oil diglycollic amide, sodium alginate.
Preferably, the composition of the detergent also includes：
The weight portion of anion surfactant 0.2~1, the anion surfactant is alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, fat
One kind in alcohol polyethenoxy ether sodium sulfate, neopelex；
The weight portion of dispersant 0.1~0.5, the dispersant is in polycarboxylic acids sodium, calgon, Sodium Polyacrylate
Kind；
The weight portion of inorganic salt electrolyte 1~5, the inorganic salt electrolyte is NaCl, NH4Cl、Na2SO4In one kind.
The weight portion of preservative 0.1~0.5, the preservative is the one kind in phenol, formaldehyde, nipagin esters.
The weight portion of thickener 0.5~2, the thickener is konjaku glucomannan.
Preferably, the thickener konjaku glucomannan must carry out purification process when in use, and its purification process is：Will
It is 1 that the thick konjaku glucomannan of 10~30 weight portions is added to 80~120 weight portion volume ratios：1 ether and absolute ethyl alcohol it is mixed
Close in liquid, to 40~70 DEG C, flowed back heating water bath 10~20min, and mixed liquor is filtered, and filter residue then is added into 800~1200
In weight portion water, the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L is added, pH is to 4.5~5 for regulation, be then heated to 85~90 DEG C, stirring reaction 1.5h will
Reacting liquid filtering, the filter residue for obtaining absolute ethanol washing 3 times, is then dehydrated with acetone, is dried to obtain at 60~80 DEG C pure
Konjaku glucomannan.
Preferably, the application method of the radionuclide detergent that described nano inorganic material is combined with APG
For：High-speed stirred obtains foam decontaminating agent after taking each composition mixing of the weight portion, then sprays foam decontaminating agent by described
Impose on by the surface of radionuclide contamination, contaminated surface is covered, stand 1~10min, then will with air blast or aspirator
Foam decontaminating agent is removed, and is collected in waste liquid barrel, and the foam decontaminating agent in waste liquid barrel is placed in into 2h~5h under illumination condition, makes bubble
Foam disappears.
The present invention has following features and beneficial effect：
(1) APG used in the present invention is synthesized by renewable resource natural fat alcohol and glucose, is one
The more comprehensive new non-ionic surfactants of performance are planted, with high surface, good ecological security and intermiscibility, is
Internationally recognized first-selection " green " functional surfactant, APG is biodegradable, and its degraded is rapid thoroughly, it is to avoid
The secondary pollution problem that surfactant brings after decontamination, it is environmentally friendly, realize renewable biomass resources replacementization
Stone raw material prepares the purpose of environment-friendly surfactant.
(2) nano inorganic material, nano inorganic material tool are with the addition of in the radionuclide detergent prepared in the present invention
There are good stability, reproducibility strong, nontoxic pollution-free, cheap and easy to get, in radionuclide detergent, nano inorganic material
Expect, by the peptizaiton of surfactant, stable fluid can be formed, using its strong adsorption capacity and flocculation ability, energy
Radionuclide is adsorbed, the radionuclide in effective removal waste liquid improves the soil removal efficiency of detergent, is enriched in waste liquid
Radionuclide can be removed by filtering, waste liquid is easier treatment, and part nano material is (such as：TiO2、ZnO、
Fe2O3、Fe3O4Deng) there is the effect of photocatalytic degradation surfactant, foam decontaminating agent can complete to disappear in illumination 2h~5h
Bubble, meanwhile, waste liquid is again stirring for after froth breaking, and non-foam is produced again, has larger practical valency in radionuclide decontamination field
Value and wide application prospect；
(3) radioactive pollutant of the surface of solids is removed in the present invention with form of foam, relative to traditional decontamination significantly
Reduce waste liquid amount, waste liquid amount is only the 10% of pickling, and detergent preparation method is simple, the use of detergent by spraying,
The surface of pollution is wiped or is soaked in, it is simple to operate, and the decontamination time is fast, and only 1-10min, detergent penetration is strong, can go
Except the dirt at the dead angle for being difficult contact.Radionuclide is adsorbed on nano inorganic material after decontamination, and radionuclide can be entered
Row recycling, the invented technology is simple, with low cost, and nucleic pollutants removal rate is up to more than 80%.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the nano-TiO of addition various concentrations in radionuclide detergent of the present invention2It is dirty to uranium U (VI)
Contaminate the clean effect figure on surface.
Specific embodiment：
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art's reference
Specification word can be implemented according to this.
The radionuclide detergent that a kind of nano inorganic material and APG are combined, the detergent into subpackage
Include：
The weight portion of alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5~2, the weight portion of nano inorganic material additive 0.1~2, chelating agent 1
~5 weight portions, the weight portion of corrosion inhibiter 1~5, the weight portion of solubilizer 1~5, the weight portion of foam stabilizer 0.1~1, the weight of water 71~94.4
Part.
It is worth noting that：
The APG used in the present invention is that 8, atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10, atomic number of alkyl carbon for atomic number of alkyl carbon
It is 12 APG, this is because the foam that this several APG is obtained with nano inorganic material and other additive compounds goes
The excellent performance of dirty agent, the foam of generation is fine and smooth abundant, abundant and stablize, and is conducive to going by the surface of radionuclide contamination
It is dirty.
Preferred nano inorganic material additive is nano-TiO in the present invention2、ZnO、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2, nanometer it is swollen
One or two combination in profit soil.Nano inorganic material can form the stream of stabilization by the peptizaiton of surfactant
Body, using its strong adsorption capacity and flocculation ability, can adsorb radionuclide, the radioactive nucleus in effective removal waste liquid
Element, improves the soil removal efficiency of detergent, and the radionuclide being enriched in waste liquid can be removed by filtering, and waste liquid is easier place
Reason, particularly part nano material are (such as：TiO2、ZnO、Fe2O3、Fe3O4Deng) there is the effect of photocatalytic degradation surfactant,
Collected in waste liquid barrel after foam decontamination, foam is placed in 2h~5h under illumination condition, surfactant degradation can disappear completely
Bubble.
Preferred chelating agent is the one kind in sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate in the present invention.Adopt
The clean dirt ability of surfactant can be significantly improved with this quasi-chelate compound.
Currently preferred corrosion inhibiter is the one kind in sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, triethanolamine, petroleum sodium sulfonate.Corrosion inhibiter
The surface of decontamination processing is carried out on body surface, the particularly surface to some sensitive instrumentations and precision instrument, protection can be formed
Layer, prevents it to be corroded.
Currently preferred solubilizer is the one kind in urea, polyethylene glycol, paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt.Solubilizer can increase
The dissolubility of dirty each composition of agent, this is beneficial to the formation of foam, and can improve the transparency of detergent.
Currently preferred foam stabilizer is the one kind in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, cocounut oil diglycollic amide, sodium alginate.Adopt
The stability of detergent foam will be improved with foam stabilizer, extend bubble burst half-life period, and then improve the soil removal efficiency of detergent.
The composition of currently preferred detergent also includes：
The weight portion of anion surfactant 0.2~1, the anion surfactant is alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, fat
One kind in alcohol polyethenoxy ether sodium sulfate, neopelex, anion surfactant is lived with APG surface
Property agent compounding can significantly improve the surface-active of surfactant；
The weight portion of dispersant 0.1~0.5, the dispersant is in polycarboxylic acids sodium, calgon, Sodium Polyacrylate
Kind, dispersant can prevent the sedimentation and cohesion of nano inorganic material；
The weight portion of inorganic salt electrolyte 1~5, the inorganic salt electrolyte is NaCl, NH4Cl、Na2SO4In one kind, add
Plus inorganic salt electrolyte can promote surfactant to form micella, reduce critical micelle concentration, so as to improve surfactant
Surface-active；
The weight portion of preservative 0.1~0.5, the preservative is the one kind in phenol, formaldehyde, nipagin esters, preservative energy
Suppress bacterium to increase, prevent detergent putrid and deteriorated；
The weight portion of thickener 0.5~2, the thickener is konjaku glucomannan, and thickener can make detergent stabilization not
Layering, increases foam stability, so that increase clean effect, wherein, konjaku glucomannan used need to be passed through by purification process
After crossing purification process, its thickening property more preferably, and avoids other impurities and is mixed into detergent, in order to avoid the effect of influence decontamination, its
Preferred purification process is：It is 1 that the thick konjaku glucomannan of 30 weight portions is added into 120 weight portion volume ratios：1 ether and nothing
In the mixed liquor of water-ethanol, to 60 DEG C, flowed back heating water bath 20min, and mixed liquor is filtered, and filter residue then is added into 1200 weight
In part water, the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L is added, pH is to 5 for regulation, is then heated to 85 DEG C, and stirring reaction 1.5h, by reacting liquid filtering, is obtained
The filter residue for arriving absolute ethanol washing 3 times, is then dehydrated with acetone, and pure konjaku glucomannan is dried to obtain at 80 DEG C.
The application method of radionuclide foam decontaminating agent of the present invention is：Take each composition mixing of the weight portion
High-speed stirred obtains foam decontaminating agent afterwards, and foam decontaminating agent spraying, wiping are soaked in by radionuclide dirt by described then
The surface of dye, contaminated surface is covered, and contaminated surface can cross paint metal, glass or ceramic surface, and standing 1~
10min, is then removed foam decontaminating agent with air blast or aspirator, is collected in waste liquid barrel, and the foam in waste liquid barrel is gone
Dirty agent is placed in 2h~5h under illumination condition, makes lather collapse, and waste liquid then is filtered to remove into radionuclide.
Fig. 1 is the nano-TiO of addition various concentrations in radionuclide detergent of the present invention2It is dirty to uranium U (VI)
The clean effect figure on surface is contaminated, as we know from the figure with nano-TiO2The increase of addition, soil removal efficiency gradually increases.
Embodiment 1：
Take APG, 0.5 weight portion nano-TiO that 0.5 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon is 102, 5 parts by weight of lemon acid
Sodium, 1 parts by weight sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, 0.2 weight portion sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.2 weight portion DBSA
Konjaku glucomannan that sodium, 0.1 weight portion polycarboxylic acids sodium, 1 weight portion NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight portion were purified,
85.9 weight portion water are well mixed to obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized, foam is sprayed at and contaminated is crossed paint
Surface, stands 5min, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation treats subsequent treatment.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam under 3000r/min
Produce, waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclide.
Embodiment 2：
Take APG, 0.5 weight portion nanometer Fe that 1 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon is 102O3, 5 parts by weight of lemon acid
Sodium, 1 parts by weight sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, 0.3 weight portion sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.2 weight portion DBSA
Konjaku glucomannan that sodium, 0.4 weight portion polycarboxylic acids sodium, 1 weight portion NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight portion were purified,
85 weight portion water are well mixed to obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized, foam is sprayed at and contaminated is crossed paint
Surface, stands 8min, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation treats subsequent treatment.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 3h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam under 3000r/min
Produce, waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclide.
Embodiment 3：
Take APG, 1 weight portion nano-ZnO, 5 weight portion ethylenediamine tetraacetics that 1.5 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon are 10
Acetic acid disodium, 3 parts by weight sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, 0.4 weight portion sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.2 weight portion dodecyl
Benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, 0.1 weight portion polycarboxylic acids sodium, 1 weight portion NH4The evil spirit that Cl, 0.1 weight portion nipagin esters, 0.5 weight portion were purified
Taro Glucomannan, 84.2 weight portion water are well mixed to obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized, foam is sprayed at and contaminated is crossed paint
Surface, stands 5min, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation treats subsequent treatment.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 5h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam under 3000r/min
Produce, waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclide.
Embodiment 4：
Take APG, 0.5 weight portion nano-TiO that 2 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon are 82, 5 weight portion ethylenediamine tetraacetics
Acetic acid disodium, 5 weight portion triethanolamines, 5 weight portion paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight portion sodium alginate, 0.2 weight portion α-alkene
Hydrocarbon sulfonate sodium, 0.1 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight portion NH4Cl, 0.1 weight portion nipagin esters, 0.5 weight portion were purified
Konjaku glucomannan, 83.5 weight portion water are well mixed to obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized, foam is sprayed at and contaminated is crossed paint
Glass surface, stands 10min, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation treats subsequent treatment.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 5h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam under 3000r/min
Produce, waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclide.
Embodiment 5：
Take APG, 1 weight portion nanometer Fe that 1.5 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon are 103O4, 3 weight portion tripolyphosphates
Sodium, 5 weight portion petroleum sodium sulfonates, 2 weight portion paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight portion sodium alginate, 0.2 weight portion alpha-olefin sulphur
Sour sodium, 0.1 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 2 weight portion NH4The Amorphophallus rivieri glucomannan that Cl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight portion were purified
Glycan, 84.5 weight portion water are well mixed to obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized, foam is sprayed at and contaminated is crossed paint
Surface, stands 5min, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation treats subsequent treatment.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam under 3000r/min
Produce, waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclide.
Embodiment 6：
Take APG, 0.5 weight portion nano-TiO that 2 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon are 102, 0.5 weight portion nanometer it is swollen
Profit soil, 5 weight portion sodium tripolyphosphates, 2 weight portion petroleum sodium sulfonates, 5 weight portion paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight portion cocounut oil two
Glycollic amide, 0.2 weight portion alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight portion NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol,
Konjaku glucomannan that 0.5 weight portion was purified, 82.9 weight portion water are well mixed to obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized, foam is sprayed at and contaminated is crossed paint
Surface, stands 5min, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation treats subsequent treatment.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 3h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam under 3000r/min
Produce, waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclide.
Embodiment 7：
Take APG, 0.5 weight portion nano-ZnO, 0.5 the weight portion nanometer that 0.5 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon is 12
Bentonite, 5 parts by weight of lemon acid sodium, 5 weight portion petroleum sodium sulfonates, 2 parts by weight of urea, 0.2 weight portion sodium carboxymethylcellulose,
0.2 weight portion alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight portion NaCl, 0.1 weight portion nipagin esters, 0.5 weight
Konjaku glucomannan that amount part purified, 82.9 weight portion water are well mixed obtains foam decontaminating agent solution.
Resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized, foam is sprayed at contaminated ceramics
Surface, stands 5min, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation treats subsequent treatment.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam under 3000r/min
Produce, waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclide.
Above example 1~7 is present invention offer using different material and different reagent institutes under different proportion
The method for preparing detergent, followed by embodiment 8~12 and detergent obtained in comparative example 13 carry out containing uranium U (VI) it is dirty
The specific research for crossing paint metallic plate detergency test of dye thing：
Embodiment 8~12：
Following table is that embodiment 8~12 adds nano-TiO2With the amount of water,
Take APG that 2 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon are 10, be separately added into the nano-TiO of addition in upper table2、5
Weight portion sodium tripolyphosphate, 2 weight portion petroleum sodium sulfonates, 5 weight portion paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight portion cocounut oil diethanol acyl
Amine, 0.2 weight portion alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight portion NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight
The konjaku glucomannan that amount part purified is well mixed and obtains foam decontaminating agent solution.By resulting solution in 3000r/min
It is lower to stir the foam stablized.
Comparative example 13：
Take APG, 5 weight portion sodium tripolyphosphates, 2 weight portion mahogany acids that 2 weight portion atomic number of alkyl carbon are 10
Sodium, 5 weight portion paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight portion cocounut oil diglycollic amide, 0.2 weight portion alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 weight
Konjaku glucomannan, 83.9 weight that part Sodium Polyacrylate, 1 weight portion NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight portion were purified
Part water is well mixed to obtain foam decontaminating agent solution, and resulting solution is stirred under 3000r/min the foam stablized.
Washing tests research is carried out using the detergent prepared by embodiment 8~12 and comparative example 13：
The decontamination for crossing paint metallic plate of U (VI) pollutions：Take six parts of UO of 2mL 5000mg/L2(NO3)2Solution is atomized respectively
Spray is crossed on paint metallic plate in 10cm × 10cm, and natural air drying, what is polluted crosses paint metallic plate.Decontamination：Respectively in six pieces of dirts
The certain thickness foam decontaminating agent prepared by embodiment 8~12 and comparative example 13 is sprayed on dye model, 5min is stood, air blast is used
Be blown into foam in waste liquid barrel and treat subsequent treatment by blowning installation.
The radioactivity crossed before and after paint metallic plate pollutes is tested with FJ2207 α, β surface pollution measuring instrument.Unit of account area
Radioactive activity AS is with Bq/cm2It is unit, soil removal efficiency η is calculated by (1).
η is soil removal efficiency；AoThe radioactivity of original contamination；AdIt is the radioactivity after film decontamination.
Result is as shown in figure 1, comparative example 13 is not added with nano-TiO2, it is only 88% to crossing the soil removal efficiency of paint metallic plate,
With nano-TiO in embodiment 8~122The increase of addition, soil removal efficiency illustrates nano-TiO with increase2Addition to radiation
The removal of property nucleic is played a significant role.
Meanwhile, after foam decontaminating agent completes decontamination, foam is blown into waste liquid barrel with air blast blowning installation, by waste liquid barrel
In foam be placed in 5h under illumination condition, the lather collapse in embodiment 8~12, and waste liquid and stirred again under 3000r/min
Non-foam is produced, and the foam in embodiment 13 is under illumination condition, foam can a Lock-out part over time, but it is useless
Liquid also has substantial amounts of foam and produces as continued stirred under 3000r/min, this explanation nano-TiO2With photocatalytic degradation
The effect of surfactant, foam decontaminating agent can complete froth breaking under light illumination, meanwhile, waste liquid is again stirring for after froth breaking still again
Foam is produced.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in specification and implementation method
With, it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material is combined with APG, it is characterised in that the detergent
Composition include：
The weight portion of alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5~2, the weight portion of nano inorganic material additive 0.1~2, chelating agent 1~5
Weight portion, the weight portion of corrosion inhibiter 1~5, the weight portion of solubilizer 1~5, the weight portion of foam stabilizer 0.1~1, the weight portion of water 71~94.4,
The weight portion of anion surfactant 0.2~1, the weight portion of dispersant 0.1~0.5, the weight portion of inorganic salt electrolyte 1~5, anti-corrosion
The weight portion of agent 0.1~0.5, the weight portion of thickener 0.5~2；
Wherein, the corrosion inhibiter is the one kind in sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, triethanolamine, petroleum sodium sulfonate；The solubilizer is urine
One kind in element, paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt；
The APG is the APG that atomic number of alkyl carbon is 8, and its critical micelle concentration CMC is 0.6g/L, surface
Power is 39.0mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.8；
The nano inorganic material additive is nano-TiO2、ZnO、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2, one kind in nano-bentonite or
Two kinds of combination.
2. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature
Be, by the APG that the atomic number of alkyl carbon is 8 replace with atomic number of alkyl carbon for 10 or atomic number of alkyl carbon be 12
APG；Wherein, the atomic number of alkyl carbon is that the critical micelle concentration CMC of 10 APG is 0.4g/L, surface
Tension force is 30.7mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 14.4；The atomic number of alkyl carbon is the critical glue of 12 APG
Beam concentration C MC is 0.06g/L, and surface tension is 28mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.4.
3. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature
It is that the chelating agent is the one kind in sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
4. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature
It is that the foam stabilizer is the one kind in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, cocounut oil diglycollic amide, sodium alginate.
5. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature
It is that the anion surfactant is alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, DBSA
One kind in sodium；The dispersant is the one kind in polycarboxylic acids sodium, calgon, Sodium Polyacrylate；The inorganic salts electrolysis
Matter is NaCl, NH4Cl、Na2SO4In one kind；The preservative is the one kind in phenol, formaldehyde, nipagin esters；The thickening
Agent is konjaku glucomannan.
6. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 5 is combined with APG, its feature
It is that the thickener konjaku glucomannan must carry out purification process when in use, its purification process is：By 10~30 weight portions
It is 1 that thick konjaku glucomannan is added to 80~120 weight portion volume ratios：In 1 ether and the mixed liquor of absolute ethyl alcohol, water-bath adds
Heat to 40~70 DEG C, flow back 10~20min, mixed liquor is filtered, then by filter residue add 800~1200 weight portion water in, plus
Enter the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L, pH is to 4.5~5 for regulation, is then heated to 85~90 DEG C, and stirring reaction 1.5h, by reacting liquid filtering, is obtained
The filter residue for arriving absolute ethanol washing 3 times, is then dehydrated with acetone, and pure konjaku glucomannan is dried to obtain at 60~80 DEG C.
7. the radionuclide decontamination that the nano inorganic material according to any one of claim 1~6 is combined with APG
The application method of agent, it is characterised in that high-speed stirred obtains foam decontaminating agent after taking each composition mixing of the weight portion, then
Foam decontaminating agent is sprayed in by the surface of radionuclide contamination by described, contaminated surface is covered, stand 1~10min, so
Foam decontaminating agent is removed with air blast or aspirator afterwards, is collected in waste liquid barrel, the foam decontaminating agent in waste liquid barrel is placed in
2h~5h under illumination condition, makes lather collapse.
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| CN104745325A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-07-01 | 湖州市石淙万红丝织厂 | Novel stain remover for surface of textile fabric and preparation method of stain remover |
| CN105132199A (en) * | 2015-07-26 | 2015-12-09 | 朱蕾 | Surfactant composition for buildings, petroleum, cosmetics, textile and daily products |
| CN107090364A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-25 | 深圳市天得环境科技有限公司 | Aqueous detergent |
| CN108085158B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-08-07 | 森科（南京）医药技术有限公司 | Peelable radionuclide decontaminant and preparation and use methods thereof |
| CN108641829B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-04-03 | 广东自由能科技股份有限公司 | Radioactive element scavenger, preparation method thereof and application thereof in aerosol |
| CN109243656B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2022-04-26 | 西南科技大学 | Method for controlling radon and daughter uranium mining and metallurgy airborne radioactive pollution by artificial algae crusts |
| FR3089520B1 (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-09-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | DECONTAMINATION PULP AND PROCESS FOR DECONTAMINATION OF A SUBSTRATE INTO A SOLID MATERIAL USING THIS Paste |
| CN111979062A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-24 | 合肥科源应用化工研究所 | Nuclear medicine detergent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110453496B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-05-03 | 康源健康科技有限公司 | Textile with multiple health care functions and preparation process thereof |
| CN110942838A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-03-31 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Decontamination tool and process for inner wall of radioactive exhaust tower |
| CN113322134A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-08-31 | 阳江核电有限公司 | Radionuclide decontaminant and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111363635B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-07-27 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation and use method of anti-freezing foam detergent for radioactive contamination decontamination |
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