CN104403811A - Nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside compounded radionuclide decontaminant as well as use method thereof - Google Patents
Nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside compounded radionuclide decontaminant as well as use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104403811A CN104403811A CN201410729326.8A CN201410729326A CN104403811A CN 104403811 A CN104403811 A CN 104403811A CN 201410729326 A CN201410729326 A CN 201410729326A CN 104403811 A CN104403811 A CN 104403811A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside compounded radionuclide decontaminant as well as a use method thereof. The decontaminant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-2 parts of an alkyl glycoside surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of a nano inorganic material additive, 1-5 parts of a chelating agent, 1-5 parts of a corrosion inhibitor, 1-5 parts of a solubilizer, 0.1-1 part of a foam stabilizer and 71-94.4 parts of water and further comprises 0.2-1 part of an anionic surfactant, 0.1-0.5 part of a dispersant, 1-5 parts of an inorganic salt electrolyte, 0.1-0.5 part of a preservative and 0.5-2 parts of a thickener. The use method comprises the step of stirring the mixed components in parts by weight at a high speed to obtain the foam decontaminant. By adopting environment-friendly alkyl glycoside as a foaming agent and simultaneously adding the nano inorganic material which is relatively strong in adsorption capacity and flocculating ability, the nano inorganic material is simple in preparation process, good in radionuclide decontamination effect, free of corrosion on solid surfaces, easily degradable under illumination and less in secondary pollution. The nano inorganic material can be used for defoaming and is convenient to defoam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radionuclide stain remover, particularly a kind of radionuclide stain remover obtained by nano inorganic material and alkyl glucoside surfactant compound.
Background technology
Nuclear installation decontamination technology mainly contains the large class of chemical subtraction, mechanical decontamination, electrochemical decontamination and bio-decontaminated four.Chemical subtraction waste liquid amount is large, damage body surface, length consuming time, and mechanical decontamination requires that the surface energy polluting workpiece is touched, and easily produce airborne dust, electrochemical decontamination effect is better than chemical subtraction method, but comparatively large to the corrosion of material, and bio-decontaminated speed is slower.
Foam decontamination method secondary waste production is few, to blind hole, slot and be generally difficult to clean place can clean very clean, little to the corrosion of material.But existing foam decontaminating agent detersive efficiency is on the low side, and the foam after decontamination is difficult to froth breaking, to the process of subsequent solution Radionuclide, as evaporation, filtration etc. exist certain impact.In addition, acid solution can be adopted to carry out froth breaking to foam, but acid solution has certain corrosive nature to equipment, and after decontamination, waste liquid is difficult, in waste liquid, radionuclide is difficult to separation and consentration.
Alkyl glycoside is gentle tensio-active agent of new generation, it has that surfactivity is high, strong detergency, foam exquisiteness is abundant, without cloud point and the appearance of dilution gel-free, the advantage such as pungency is little, readily biodegradable, compatibleness are good, have potential using value in radionuclide foam decontaminating agent field.
Nano inorganic material has that good stability, specific surface area and surface energy are large, reproducibility is strong, nontoxic pollution-free, the advantage such as cheap and easy to get, and nano inorganic material inside has the micro channel of network structure, adsorption equilibrium can be reached within a short period of time as sorbent material, to radionuclide, there is good separation and consentration effect, be easy to the process of waste liquid, part nano material has the effect of photocatalytic degradation tensio-active agent simultaneously, foam decontaminating agent can be degraded froth breaking under light illumination, is with a wide range of applications in the separation and consentration of radionuclide.
Therefore, based on the excellent properties of alkyl glycoside and inorganic nano material, a kind of radionuclide foam decontaminating agent can be prepared.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is intended to overcome deficiency of the prior art, preparation method and the application of the radionuclide foam decontaminating agent of a kind of nano inorganic material and alkyl glucoside surfactant compound are provided, realize substituting with alkyl glucoside surfactant the object that fossil feedstock prepares eco-friendly tensio-active agent, and the good separation utilizing nano inorganic material to have radionuclide and concentration effect, solve that existing foam decontaminating agent foam after decontamination is difficult to eliminate, the reluctant problem of waste liquid.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A radionuclide stain remover for nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside compound, the composition of described stain remover comprises:
Alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5 ~ 2 weight part, nano inorganic material additive 0.1 ~ 2 weight part, sequestrant 1 ~ 5 weight part, inhibiter 1 ~ 5 weight part, solubilizing agent 1 ~ 5 weight part, suds-stabilizing agent 0.1 ~ 1 weight part, water 71 ~ 94.4 weight part.
Preferably, described alkyl glycoside is atomic number of alkyl carbon is 8, atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10, atomic number of alkyl carbon is one in the alkyl glycoside of 12; Wherein, described atomic number of alkyl carbon is the micelle-forming concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside of 8 is 0.6g/L, and surface tension is 39.0mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.8; Described atomic number of alkyl carbon is the micelle-forming concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside of 10 is 0.4g/L, and surface tension is 30.7mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 14.4; Described atomic number of alkyl carbon is the micelle-forming concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside of 12 is 0.06g/L, and surface tension is 28mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.4.
Preferably, described nano inorganic material additive is nano-TiO
2, ZnO, Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4, SiO
2, one or both combination in nano-bentonite.
Preferably, described sequestrant is the one in tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Trisodium Citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
Preferably, described inhibiter is the one in sodium carbonate, water glass, trolamine, petroleum sodium sulfonate.
Preferably, described solubilizing agent is the one in urea, polyoxyethylene glycol, paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt.
Preferably, described suds-stabilizing agent is the one in Xylo-Mucine, cocounut oil diglycollic amide, sodium alginate.
Preferably, the composition of described stain remover also comprises:
Anion surfactant 0.2 ~ 1 weight part, described anion surfactant is the one in alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;
Dispersion agent 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, described dispersion agent is the one in poly carboxylic acid sodium, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, sodium polyacrylate;
Inorganic salt ionogen 1 ~ 5 weight part, described inorganic salt ionogen is NaCl, NH
4cl, Na
2sO
4in one.
Sanitas 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, described sanitas is the one in phenol, formaldehyde, nipagin esters.
Thickening material 0.5 ~ 2 weight part, described thickening material is Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan.
Preferably, described thickening material Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan must carry out purification process in use, its purification process is: the thick Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of 10 ~ 30 weight part being joined 80 ~ 120 weight part volume ratios is in the ether of 1:1 and the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol, heating in water bath to 40 ~ 70 DEG C, backflow 10 ~ 20min, mixed solution is filtered, then filter residue is added in 800 ~ 1200 weight parts waters, add the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L, regulate pH to 4.5 ~ 5, then 85 ~ 90 DEG C are heated to, stirring reaction 1.5h, by reacting liquid filtering, the filter residue absolute ethanol washing obtained 3 times, then dewater with acetone, at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, drying obtains pure Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan.
Preferably, described nano inorganic material with the using method of the radionuclide stain remover of alkyl glycoside compound is: each composition getting described weight part mixes rear high-speed stirring and obtains foam decontaminating agent, then foam decontaminating agent sprayed in by the surface of radionuclide contamination by described, contaminated surface is covered, leave standstill 1 ~ 10min, then with air blast or suction unit, foam decontaminating agent is removed, be collected in waste liquid barrel, foam decontaminating agent in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h ~ 5h under illumination condition, makes lather collapse.
The present invention has features and beneficial effect:
(1) alkyl glycoside adopted in the present invention is synthesized by renewable resources natural fat alcohol and glucose, it is the more comprehensive new non-ionic surfactants of a kind of performance, there is high surface, good ecological security and intermiscibility, it is internationally recognized first-selection " green " functional surfactant, alkyl glycoside is biodegradable, and its degraded rapidly thoroughly, avoid the secondary pollution problem that decontamination rear surface promoting agent brings, environmentally friendly, achieve the object that renewable biomass substitution of resources fossil feedstock prepares eco-friendly tensio-active agent.
(2) with the addition of nano inorganic material in the radionuclide stain remover prepared in the present invention, nano inorganic material has good stability, reproducibility is strong, nontoxic pollution-free, the advantage such as cheap and easy to get, in radionuclide stain remover, nano inorganic material is by the dissemination of tensio-active agent, stable fluid can be formed, the adsorptive power utilizing it strong and flocculation ability, radionuclide can be adsorbed, radionuclide in effective removal waste liquid, improve the soil removal efficiency of stain remover, the radionuclide be enriched in waste liquid is removed by filtering, waste liquid is more easily processed, and part nano material (as: TiO
2, ZnO, Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4deng) there is the effect of photocatalytic degradation tensio-active agent, foam decontaminating agent can complete froth breaking at illumination 2h ~ 5h, meanwhile, froth breaking stirs waste liquid non-foam generation more later again, has larger practical value and wide application prospect in radionuclide decontamination field,
(3) radioactive pollutant of solid surface is removed in the present invention with form of foam, waste liquid amount is greatly reducing relative to traditional decontamination, waste liquid amount is only 10% of pickling, stain remover preparation method is simple, and the use of stain remover is by spraying, wiping or the surface being soaked in pollution, simple to operate, and the decontamination time is fast, only 1-10min, stain remover seepage force is strong, can remove the dirt at the dead angle not easily contacted.After decontamination, radionuclide is adsorbed on nano inorganic material, can carry out recycling to radionuclide, and this invented technology is simple, and with low cost, nucleic pollutants removal rate reaches more than 80%.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the nano-TiO adding different concns in radionuclide stain remover of the present invention
2to the clean effect figure of uranium U (VI) contaminated surface.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word to make those skilled in the art.
A radionuclide stain remover for nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside compound, the composition of described stain remover comprises:
Alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5 ~ 2 weight part, nano inorganic material additive 0.1 ~ 2 weight part, sequestrant 1 ~ 5 weight part, inhibiter 1 ~ 5 weight part, solubilizing agent 1 ~ 5 weight part, suds-stabilizing agent 0.1 ~ 1 weight part, water 71 ~ 94.4 weight part.
It should be noted that:
The alkyl glycoside adopted in the present invention is atomic number of alkyl carbon is 8, atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10, atomic number of alkyl carbon is the alkyl glycoside of 12, this is the excellent performance of the foam decontaminating agent obtained due to this several alkyl glycoside and nano inorganic material and other additive compounds, the foam exquisiteness produced is abundant, abundant and stable, be conducive to by the decontamination on the surface of radionuclide contamination.
In the present invention, preferred nano inorganic material additive is nano-TiO
2, ZnO, Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4, SiO
2, one or both combination in nano-bentonite.Nano inorganic material can form stable fluid by the dissemination of tensio-active agent, the adsorptive power utilizing it strong and flocculation ability, radionuclide can be adsorbed, radionuclide in effective removal waste liquid, improve the soil removal efficiency of stain remover, the radionuclide be enriched in waste liquid is removed by filtering, and waste liquid is more easily processed, particularly part nano material (as: TiO
2, ZnO, Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4deng) there is the effect of photocatalytic degradation tensio-active agent, be collected in after foam decontamination in waste liquid barrel, foam be placed in 2h ~ 5h under illumination condition, can completely by surfactant degradation froth breaking.
In the present invention, preferred sequestrant is the one in tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Trisodium Citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.Adopt this quasi-chelate compound can significantly improve the clean dirt ability of tensio-active agent.
The preferred inhibiter of the present invention is the one in sodium carbonate, water glass, trolamine, petroleum sodium sulfonate.Inhibiter, at body surface, particularly carries out the surface of decontamination process, can form protective layer, prevent it to be corroded to the surface of some sensitive instrumentation and precision instrument.
The preferred solubilizing agent of the present invention is the one in urea, polyoxyethylene glycol, paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt.Solubilizing agent can increase the solvability of each composition of stain remover, and this will be conducive to the formation of foam, and can improve the transparency of stain remover.
The preferred suds-stabilizing agent of the present invention is the one in Xylo-Mucine, cocounut oil diglycollic amide, sodium alginate.Adopt suds-stabilizing agent to improve the stability of stain remover foam, extend the bubble burst transformation period, and then improve the soil removal efficiency of stain remover.
The composition of the preferred stain remover of the present invention also comprises:
Anion surfactant 0.2 ~ 1 weight part, described anion surfactant is the one in alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, anion surfactant and the composite surfactivity that can significantly improve tensio-active agent of alkyl glucoside surfactant;
Dispersion agent 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, described dispersion agent is the one in poly carboxylic acid sodium, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, sodium polyacrylate, and dispersion agent can prevent sedimentation and the cohesion of nano inorganic material;
Inorganic salt ionogen 1 ~ 5 weight part, described inorganic salt ionogen is NaCl, NH
4cl, Na
2sO
4in one, add inorganic salt electrolysis mass-energy and promote that tensio-active agent forms micella, micelle-forming concentration is reduced, thus the surfactivity of raising tensio-active agent;
Sanitas 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, described sanitas is the one in phenol, formaldehyde, nipagin esters, and sanitas energy anti-bacteria increases, and prevents stain remover putrid and deteriorated;
Thickening material 0.5 ~ 2 weight part, described thickening material is Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan, it is not stratified that thickening material can make stain remover stablize, increase froth stability, thus increase clean effect, wherein, Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan used need through purification process, after purification process, its thickening property is better, and avoid other impurity and be mixed into stain remover, in order to avoid affect the effect of decontamination, its preferred purification process is: the thick Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of 30 weight part being joined 120 weight part volume ratios is in the ether of 1:1 and the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol, heating in water bath to 60 DEG C, backflow 20min, mixed solution is filtered, then filter residue is added in 1200 weight parts waters, add the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L, regulate pH to 5, then 85 DEG C are heated to, stirring reaction 1.5h, by reacting liquid filtering, the filter residue absolute ethanol washing obtained 3 times, then dewater with acetone, at 80 DEG C, drying obtains pure Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan.
The using method of radionuclide foam decontaminating agent of the present invention is: after getting each composition mixing of described weight part, high-speed stirring obtains foam decontaminating agent, then by described, foam decontaminating agent is sprayed, wiping is soaked in by the surface of radionuclide contamination, contaminated surface is covered, contaminated surface can be cross paint metal, glass or ceramic surface, leave standstill 1 ~ 10min, then with air blast or suction unit, foam decontaminating agent is removed, be collected in waste liquid barrel, foam decontaminating agent in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h ~ 5h under illumination condition, make lather collapse, then waste liquid is crossed and filter radionuclide.
Fig. 1 is the nano-TiO adding different concns in radionuclide stain remover of the present invention
2to the clean effect figure of uranium U (VI) contaminated surface, as we know from the figure along with nano-TiO
2the increase of add-on, soil removal efficiency increases gradually.
Embodiment 1:
Get alkyl glycoside, 0.5 weight part nano-TiO that 0.5 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10
2, the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of 5 parts by weight of lemon acid sodium, 1 parts by weight sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, 0.2 weight part Xylo-Mucine, 0.2 weight part Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.1 weight part poly carboxylic acid sodium, 1 weight part NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight part, 85.9 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam, bubble jet is applied to and contaminatedly crosses paint surface, leave standstill 5min, with air blast blowing device foam is blown in waste liquid barrel and treats subsequent disposal.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam and produces under 3000r/min, is crossed by waste liquid and filters radionuclide.
Embodiment 2:
Get alkyl glycoside, 0.5 weight part nanometer Fe that 1 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10
2o
3, the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of 5 parts by weight of lemon acid sodium, 1 parts by weight sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, 0.3 weight part Xylo-Mucine, 0.2 weight part Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.4 weight part poly carboxylic acid sodium, 1 weight part NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight part, 85 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam, bubble jet is applied to and contaminatedly crosses paint surface, leave standstill 8min, with air blast blowing device foam is blown in waste liquid barrel and treats subsequent disposal.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 3h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam and produces under 3000r/min, is crossed by waste liquid and filters radionuclide.
Embodiment 3:
Get alkyl glycoside, 1 weight part nano-ZnO, 5 parts by wt EDTA-disodium, 3 parts by weight sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, 0.4 weight part Xylo-Mucine, 0.2 weight part Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.1 weight part poly carboxylic acid sodium, 1 weight part NH that 1.5 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon are 10
4the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of Cl, 0.1 weight part nipagin esters, 0.5 weight part, 84.2 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam, bubble jet is applied to and contaminatedly crosses paint surface, leave standstill 5min, with air blast blowing device foam is blown in waste liquid barrel and treats subsequent disposal.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 5h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam and produces under 3000r/min, is crossed by waste liquid and filters radionuclide.
Embodiment 4:
Get alkyl glycoside, 0.5 weight part nano-TiO that 2 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon are 8
2, 5 parts by wt EDTA-disodium, 5 weight part trolamines, 5 weight part paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight part sodium alginate, 0.2 weight part alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight part NH
4the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of Cl, 0.1 weight part nipagin esters, 0.5 weight part, 83.5 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam, bubble jet is applied to and contaminatedly crosses paint glass surface, leave standstill 10min, with air blast blowing device foam is blown in waste liquid barrel and treats subsequent disposal.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 5h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam and produces under 3000r/min, is crossed by waste liquid and filters radionuclide.
Embodiment 5:
Get alkyl glycoside, 1 weight part nanometer Fe that 1.5 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon are 10
3o
4, 3 weight part tripoly phosphate sodium STPPs, 5 weight part petroleum sodium sulfonates, 2 weight part paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight part sodium alginate, 0.2 weight part alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 2 weight part NH
4the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of Cl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight part, 84.5 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam, bubble jet is applied to and contaminatedly crosses paint surface, leave standstill 5min, with air blast blowing device foam is blown in waste liquid barrel and treats subsequent disposal.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam and produces under 3000r/min, is crossed by waste liquid and filters radionuclide.
Embodiment 6:
Get alkyl glycoside, 0.5 weight part nano-TiO that 2 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon are 10
2, the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of 0.5 weight part nano-bentonite, 5 weight part tripoly phosphate sodium STPPs, 2 weight part petroleum sodium sulfonates, 5 weight part paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight part cocounut oil diglycollic amide, 0.2 weight part alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight part NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight part, 82.9 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam, bubble jet is applied to and contaminatedly crosses paint surface, leave standstill 5min, with air blast blowing device foam is blown in waste liquid barrel and treats subsequent disposal.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 3h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam and produces under 3000r/min, is crossed by waste liquid and filters radionuclide.
Embodiment 7:
Getting 0.5 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon is the alkyl glycoside of 12, 0.5 weight part nano-ZnO, 0.5 weight part nano-bentonite, 5 parts by weight of lemon acid sodium, 5 weight part petroleum sodium sulfonates, 2 parts by weight of urea, 0.2 weight part Xylo-Mucine, 0.2 weight part alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight part NaCl, 0.1 weight part nipagin esters, the Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan that 0.5 weight part is purified, 82.9 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution.
Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam, bubble jet is applied to contaminated ceramic surface, leave standstill 5min, with air blast blowing device foam is blown in waste liquid barrel and treats subsequent disposal.
Foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h under illumination condition, lather collapse, waste liquid stirs non-foam and produces under 3000r/min, is crossed by waste liquid and filters radionuclide.
Above embodiment 1 ~ 7 is methods adopting different material and different reagent prepared stain remover under different ratios provided by the invention, and the stain remover next obtained by embodiment 8 ~ 12 and comparative example 13 carries out the concrete research of crossing paint metal sheet detergency test containing uranium U (VI) pollutent:
Embodiment 8 ~ 12:
Following table is that embodiment 8 ~ 12 adds nano-TiO
2with the amount of water,
Get 2 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon be 10 alkyl glycoside, add the nano-TiO of addition in table respectively
2, the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of 5 weight part tripoly phosphate sodium STPPs, 2 weight part petroleum sodium sulfonates, 5 weight part paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight part cocounut oil diglycollic amide, 0.2 weight part alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight part NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight part mixes and obtains foam decontaminating agent solution.Obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam.
Comparative example 13:
Get 2 weight part atomic number of alkyl carbon be 10 the purified Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of alkyl glycoside, 5 weight part tripoly phosphate sodium STPPs, 2 weight part petroleum sodium sulfonates, 5 weight part paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts, 0.1 weight part cocounut oil diglycollic amide, 0.2 weight part alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of polypropylene acid sodium, 1 weight part NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 weight part, 83.9 weight parts waters mix and obtain foam decontaminating agent solution, obtained solution is stirred under 3000r/min and obtains stable foam.
Embodiment 8 ~ 12 and the stain remover prepared by comparative example 13 is utilized to carry out washing tests research:
What U (VI) polluted crosses the decontamination of painting metal sheet: the UO getting six parts of 2mL 5000mg/L
2(NO
3)
2solution respectively atomizing spray crosses on paint metal sheet at 10cm × 10cm, and natural air drying, what obtain pollution crosses paint metal sheet.Decontamination: pollute on models at six pieces respectively and spray the certain thickness foam decontaminating agent prepared by embodiment 8 ~ 12 and comparative example 13, leave standstill 5min, to be blown into foam in waste liquid barrel with air blast blowing device and to treat subsequent disposal.
The radioactivity that paint metal sheet pollutes front and back is crossed with the test of FJ2207 α, β surface pollution measuring instrument.Units of Account area radioactive activity AS is with Bq/cm
2for unit, calculate soil removal efficiency η by (1).
η is soil removal efficiency; A
othe radioactivity of original contamination; A
dfor the radioactivity after film decontamination.
As shown in Figure 1, comparative example 13 does not add nano-TiO to result
2, it is only 88%, along with nano-TiO in embodiment 8 ~ 12 to the soil removal efficiency crossing paint metal sheet
2the increase of addition, soil removal efficiency, along with increase, illustrates nano-TiO
2the removal of interpolation to radionuclide play a significant role.
Simultaneously, after foam decontaminating agent completes decontamination, with air blast blowing device, foam is blown in waste liquid barrel, the foam in waste liquid barrel is placed in 5h under illumination condition, the lather collapse in embodiment 8 ~ 12, and waste liquid stirs non-foam again and produces under 3000r/min, and the foam in embodiment 13 is under illumination condition, foam can be a part of along with time Lock-out, but waste liquid is stirring under 3000r/min such as continued, also have a large amount of foams to produce, this illustrates nano-TiO
2have the effect of photocatalytic degradation tensio-active agent, foam decontaminating agent can complete froth breaking under light illumination, and meanwhile, froth breaking stirs waste liquid non-foam generation more later again.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification sheets and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend described.
Claims (10)
1. a radionuclide stain remover for nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside compound, is characterized in that, the composition of described stain remover comprises:
Alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5 ~ 2 weight part, nano inorganic material additive 0.1 ~ 2 weight part, sequestrant 1 ~ 5 weight part, inhibiter 1 ~ 5 weight part, solubilizing agent 1 ~ 5 weight part, suds-stabilizing agent 0.1 ~ 1 weight part, water 71 ~ 94.4 weight part.
2. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 1 and alkyl glycoside compound, it is characterized in that, described alkyl glycoside is atomic number of alkyl carbon is 8, atomic number of alkyl carbon is 10, atomic number of alkyl carbon is one in the alkyl glycoside of 12; Wherein, described atomic number of alkyl carbon is the micelle-forming concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside of 8 is 0.6g/L, and surface tension is 39.0mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.8; Described atomic number of alkyl carbon is the micelle-forming concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside of 10 is 0.4g/L, and surface tension is 30.7mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 14.4; Described atomic number of alkyl carbon is the micelle-forming concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside of 12 is 0.06g/L, and surface tension is 28mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.4.
3. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 1 and alkyl glycoside compound, is characterized in that, described nano inorganic material additive is nano-TiO
2, ZnO, Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4, SiO
2, one or both combination in nano-bentonite.
4. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 1 and alkyl glycoside compound, is characterized in that, described sequestrant is the one in tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Trisodium Citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
5. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 1 and alkyl glycoside compound, is characterized in that, described inhibiter is the one in sodium carbonate, water glass, trolamine, petroleum sodium sulfonate.
6. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 1 and alkyl glycoside compound, is characterized in that, described solubilizing agent is the one in urea, polyoxyethylene glycol, paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt.
7. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 1 and alkyl glycoside compound, is characterized in that, described suds-stabilizing agent is the one in Xylo-Mucine, cocounut oil diglycollic amide, sodium alginate.
8. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 1 and alkyl glycoside compound, is characterized in that, the composition of described stain remover also comprises:
Anion surfactant 0.2 ~ 1 weight part, described anion surfactant is the one in alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;
Dispersion agent 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, described dispersion agent is the one in poly carboxylic acid sodium, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, sodium polyacrylate;
Inorganic salt ionogen 1 ~ 5 weight part, described inorganic salt ionogen is NaCl, NH
4cl, Na
2sO
4in one.
Sanitas 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, described sanitas is the one in phenol, formaldehyde, nipagin esters.
Thickening material 0.5 ~ 2 weight part, described thickening material is Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan.
9. the radionuclide stain remover of nano inorganic material according to claim 8 and alkyl glycoside compound, it is characterized in that, described thickening material Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan must carry out purification process in use, its purification process is: the thick Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of 10 ~ 30 weight part being joined 80 ~ 120 weight part volume ratios is in the ether of 1:1 and the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol, heating in water bath to 40 ~ 70 DEG C, backflow 10 ~ 20min, mixed solution is filtered, then filter residue is added in 800 ~ 1200 weight parts waters, add the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L, regulate pH to 4.5 ~ 5, then 85 ~ 90 DEG C are heated to, stirring reaction 1.5h, by reacting liquid filtering, the filter residue absolute ethanol washing obtained 3 times, then dewater with acetone, at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, drying obtains pure Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan.
10. the using method of the radionuclide stain remover of the nano inorganic material according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9 and alkyl glycoside compound, it is characterized in that, after getting each composition mixing of described weight part, high-speed stirring obtains foam decontaminating agent, then foam decontaminating agent sprayed in by the surface of radionuclide contamination by described, contaminated surface is covered, leave standstill 1 ~ 10min, then with air blast or suction unit, foam decontaminating agent is removed, be collected in waste liquid barrel, foam decontaminating agent in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h ~ 5h under illumination condition, makes lather collapse.
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