CN104397326A - Preparation method for silage containing eucommia ulmoides fine powder - Google Patents
Preparation method for silage containing eucommia ulmoides fine powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104397326A CN104397326A CN201410677918.XA CN201410677918A CN104397326A CN 104397326 A CN104397326 A CN 104397326A CN 201410677918 A CN201410677918 A CN 201410677918A CN 104397326 A CN104397326 A CN 104397326A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for silage containing eucommia ulmoides fine powder and relates to the field of feed preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing eucommia ulmoides fine powder by using eucommia ulmoides leaves, preparing a culture material by using glutinous rice flour, table salt, K2HPO4.3H2O, MgSO4.7H2O, FeSO4.7H2O and distilled water, and fermenting in a silage pond by using formic acid, the eucommia ulmoides fine powder, the culture material and silage raw materials to prepare the silage. According to the preparation method, the eucommia ulmoides fine powder is added into the silage, and contains protein which can inhibit fungus growth, so that the growth of various moulds can be effectively inhibited; lactobacillus bulgaricus and bacillus subtilis with the weight ratio of 1:1 are adopted, so that plant forage can be effectively used in silage fermentation, therefore, the silage conversion rate is increased and the breeding cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fodder, specifically a kind of preparation method of the ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder.
Background technology
Ensilage is by forage grass and the stalk feeding product through anaerobic fermentation, and ensilage generally comprises oxyphie, fermentation, stable and discharging four-stage.Under nature, plant surface harmful microorganism is 10:1 with the ratio of quantity of useful microbe, if ensilage gives free rein to development, can due to harmful microbe effect, nutrition in silo crop is lost in a large number, therefore, in ensiling, manually need add the bacterial classification suppressing harmful microorganism activity, thus reach the object keeping nutrition.But at ensilage, the breeding of harmful bacteria should be avoided, particularly should avoid the pathology because mycotoxin causes.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder, the sweat of this preparation method is according to the digestion process of livestock and poultry intestines and stomach, and obtained ensilage is less containing harmful microorganism.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is: a kind of preparation method of the ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder, comprises the following steps:
Step one, choose the folium cortex eucommiae in 9 ~ November, pulverize after cleaning, drying, then cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain Eucommia Leaf Powder, the pectinase solution that mass fraction is 0.5% is added in Eucommia Leaf Powder, be ultrasonic oscillation process 60 ~ 120min in the extractor of 25 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature, leave standstill 1h, for subsequent use; Wherein, the volume of added pectinase solution and the ratio of Eucommia Leaf Powder weight are 0.3mL:1g, and hyperacoustic frequency is 15 ~ 18KHz;
Step 2, in the extractor after leaving standstill, add volume ratio be the pH of 2:1 be 4.0 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution, mass fraction be the sodium sulfite solution of 0.2%, at the temperature of 30 ~ 39 DEG C after refluxing extraction 1h; The pH again adding same volume is the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 7.5, and after repeating to extract 1h, the pH again adding same volume is the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 8.3, repeat to extract 1h, merge No. three extracts, after elimination filter residue, bark of eucommia fine powder is obtained by spraying dry, for subsequent use;
Step 3, will pulverize after remaining for step 2 filter residue and drying and cross 80 mesh sieves, obtained filter residue powder, adds glutinous rice flour, the salt of 0.5%, the K of 1.5% that the percentage accounting for its weight is followed successively by 20% in filter residue powder
2hPO
43H
2o, 0.5% MgSO
47H
2o, 0.01% FeSO
47H
2the distilled water of O and 77.85%, sterilizing obtains compost, for subsequent use;
Step 4, to choose fresh grass family plant and pulse family plant and dry liana section plant successively according to the part by weight of 7:2:1, three kinds of raw materials are successively routed in silage silo according to pulse family, liana section, order gramineous, every these three layers laying are complete, the compost of the bark of eucommia fine powder that even sprinkling formic acid, a step 2 obtain and step 3, inoculum concentration access weight ratio according to 3 ~ 5% is lactobacillus bulgaricus and the bacillus subtilis of 1:1, at the temperature of 19 ~ 37 DEG C, closing anaerobic fermentation 10 ~ 14 days, obtains ensilage.
In the present invention, grass family plant adopts maize straw, rye grass, napier grass, one or more in sudangrass; Pulse family plant adopts clover, clover, Chinese milk vetch, sweet clover, one or more in sainfoin; Liana section plant adopts cushaw stem and/or watermelon vine.
In step one of the present invention, the colloid in folium cortex eucommiae can be degraded to small-molecule substance by pectinase solution, cell membrane is loosened, reduces diffusional resistance, the beneficiating ingredients such as intracellular chlorogenic acid and flavones are fully dissolved out.Wherein, utilize folium cortex eucommiae fully to be pulverized under ul-trasonic irradiation, hyperacoustic vibration, emulsification, spread and the multiple effect such as to smash, make mesophyll tissue broken, active ingredient is separated out.Utilize pectinase solution to combine with ultrasonic technology, ensure, under the lower temperature of 25 ~ 30 DEG C, to extract the beneficiating ingredient in the bark of eucommia to greatest extent.
The present invention obtains compost, and lactobacillus bulgaricus and bacillus subtilis two bacterial classifications can be made to obtain sufficient nutrient.The subtilin that bacillus subtilis produces in growth course, polymyxins and the conditioned pathogen of nystatin isoreactivity material to the autogenous infection in pathogenic bacteria or ensilage have obvious inhibitory action; And the bacillus subtilis entered in animal intestinal, the free oxygen in alimentary canal environment can be consumed rapidly, form enteron aisle low-oxygen environment, promote that useful anaerobic bacteria grows, and produce the organic acids such as lactic acid, reduce gut pH, indirectly suppress the growth of other pathogenic bacteria; Meanwhile, bacillus subtilis self can synthesize digestibility enzyme, as protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase etc., jointly plays a role in alimentary canal with endogenous enzymes, improves feed digestibility.
Beneficial effect: 1, in step 2 of the present invention, volume ratio is utilized to extract folium cortex eucommiae successively for disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution that 1:1:1, pH are 4.0,7.5 and 8.3, to greatest extent close to the decomposition to edible material in animal stomach, small intestine, large intestine environment, extract the composition to animal health, destroy and suppress ANFs in extract, poisonous and harmful substance and microorganism, improving the digestibility of nutrient; Then utilize the bark of eucommia fine powder that spraying dry is obtained, there is good stability and the feature without caking.
2, the present invention adopts and sprays on plant forage by obtained bark of eucommia fine powder, the loss of forage at silage fermentation process Middle nutrition composition can be reduced, can the growth and breeding of mould fungus inhibition effectively, its bacteriostasis rate can reach more than 78.2%, bark of eucommia fine powder is evenly sprayed onto on forage, fully mix with forage, close contact, make it to play the effect thoroughly killing mould.This ensilage preparation process is without the need to adding mould inhibitor, pollution-free, without waste liquid, noresidue, and the materials such as Geniposidic acid that bark of eucommia fine powder contains, mannatide, caryophyllin two glucoside of lignanoids, vitamins and mineral substance can be made full use of, strengthen endurance and the immunity of livestock; Promote the propagation of animal and bird intestines beneficial bacterium, promote the excretion of harmful bacteria, improve the activity of digestive ferment in enteron aisle, improve livestock gastro-intestinal health, and then improve appetite.
3, in the present invention, be evenly sprayed onto the formic acid on forage, in forage ensilage, can resolve into livestock is the carbon dioxide and methane of poisoning, and formic acid itself also may absorb, and its gaining effect is better; Meanwhile, the formic acid of interpolation, can make green grass material at the sweat of silage silo, keeps green in color, smell delicate fragrance; Make the lignocellulose degradation in forage, loss of proteins amount is less, obviously can reduce the loss of feed nutrient.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the preparation method to ensilage of the present invention is described further, and can better understand the present invention and can be implemented, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder, comprise the following steps: step one, choose the folium cortex eucommiae in 9 ~ November, pulverize after cleaning, drying, then cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain Eucommia Leaf Powder, the pectinase solution that mass fraction is 0.5% is added in Eucommia Leaf Powder, be ultrasonic oscillation process 60min in the extractor of 30 DEG C in temperature, leave standstill 1h, for subsequent use; Wherein, the volume of added pectinase solution and the ratio of Eucommia Leaf Powder weight are 0.3mL:1g, and hyperacoustic frequency is 17KHz; Because the more beneficiating ingredient in the bark of eucommia is heat-sensitive substance, this step adopts ultrasonic low temperature to extract, and both improves recovery rate, and has also ensured that effective active composition was not destroyed.
Step 2, in the extractor after leaving standstill, add volume ratio be the pH of 2:1 be 4.0 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution, mass fraction be the sodium sulfite solution of 0.2%, at the temperature of 39 DEG C after refluxing extraction 1h; Be the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 4.0: pH again according to pH to be the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 7.5: pH be 8.3 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution be the volume ratio of 1:1:1, add respectively pH be 7.5 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution and pH be 8.3 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution, after repeating to extract 1h separately, merge No. three extracts, after elimination filter residue, bark of eucommia fine powder is obtained by spraying dry, for subsequent use;
Step 3, will pulverize after remaining for step 2 filter residue and drying and cross 80 mesh sieves, obtained filter residue powder, adds glutinous rice flour, the salt of 0.5%, the K of 1.5% that the percentage accounting for its weight is followed successively by 20% in filter residue powder
2hPO
43H
2o, 0.5% MgSO
47H
2o, 0.01% FeSO
47H
2the distilled water of O and 77.85%, sterilizing obtains compost, for subsequent use;
Step 4, fresh maize straw is chosen successively according to the part by weight of 7:2:1, rye grass, clover, clover and dry cushaw stem are as ensiling raw material, by this ensiling raw material according to clover, clover, dry cushaw stem, maize straw, the order of rye grass is successively routed in silage silo, every these five layers laying are complete, even sprinkling formic acid, the bark of eucommia fine powder that step 2 obtains and the compost of step 3, inoculum concentration access weight ratio according to 5% is lactobacillus bulgaricus and the bacillus subtilis of 1:1, at the temperature of 37 DEG C, closing anaerobic ferments 10 days, obtain ensilage, wherein, the inoculum concentration of each access is 5% of every five layers of ensiling raw material weight laid.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of the ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder, comprise the following steps: step one, choose the folium cortex eucommiae in 9 ~ November, pulverize after cleaning, drying, then cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain Eucommia Leaf Powder, the pectinase solution that mass fraction is 0.5% is added in Eucommia Leaf Powder, be ultrasonic oscillation process 120min in the extractor of 25 DEG C in temperature, leave standstill 1h, for subsequent use; Wherein, the volume of added pectinase solution and the ratio of Eucommia Leaf Powder weight are 0.3mL:1g, and hyperacoustic frequency is 15KHz;
Step 2, in the extractor after leaving standstill, add volume ratio be the pH of 2:1 be 4.0 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution, mass fraction be the sodium sulfite solution of 0.2%, at the temperature of 37 DEG C after refluxing extraction 1h; Be the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 4.0: pH again according to pH to be the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 7.5: pH be 8.3 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution be the volume ratio of 1:1:1, add respectively pH be 7.5 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution and pH be 8.3 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution, after repeating to extract 1h separately, merge No. three extracts, after elimination filter residue, bark of eucommia fine powder is obtained by spraying dry, for subsequent use;
Step 3, will pulverize after remaining for step 2 filter residue and drying and cross 80 mesh sieves, obtained filter residue powder, adds glutinous rice flour, the salt of 0.5%, the K of 1.5% that the percentage accounting for its weight is followed successively by 20% in filter residue powder
2hPO
43H
2o, 0.5% MgSO
47H
2o, 0.01% FeSO
47H
2the distilled water of O and 77.85%, sterilizing obtains compost, for subsequent use;
Step 4, choosing fresh maize straw and Chinese milk vetch and dry watermelon vine successively according to the part by weight of 7:2:1 is ensiling raw material, by three kinds of ensiling raw materials according to Chinese milk vetch, dry watermelon vine, the order of maize straw is successively routed in silage silo, every these three layers laying are complete, even sprinkling formic acid, the bark of eucommia fine powder that step 2 obtains and the compost of step 3, inoculum concentration access weight ratio according to 3% is lactobacillus bulgaricus and the bacillus subtilis of 1:1, at the temperature of 19 DEG C, closing anaerobic ferments 12 days, obtain ensilage, wherein, the inoculum concentration of each access is 3% of every three layers of ensiling raw material weight laid.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of the ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder, comprise the following steps: step one, choose the folium cortex eucommiae in 9 ~ November, pulverize after cleaning, drying, then cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain Eucommia Leaf Powder, the pectinase solution that mass fraction is 0.5% is added in Eucommia Leaf Powder, be ultrasonic oscillation process 110min in the extractor of 28 DEG C in temperature, leave standstill 1h, for subsequent use; Wherein, the volume of added pectinase solution and the ratio of Eucommia Leaf Powder weight are 0.3mL:1g, and hyperacoustic frequency is 18KHz;
Step 2, in the extractor after leaving standstill, add volume ratio be the pH of 2:1 be 4.0 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution, mass fraction be the sodium sulfite solution of 0.2%, at the temperature of 30 DEG C after refluxing extraction 1h; The pH again adding same volume is the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 7.5, and after repeating to extract 1h, the pH again adding same volume is the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 8.3, repeat to extract 1h, merge No. three extracts, after elimination filter residue, bark of eucommia fine powder is obtained by spraying dry, for subsequent use;
Step 3, will pulverize after remaining for step 2 filter residue and drying and cross 80 mesh sieves, obtained filter residue powder, adds glutinous rice flour, the salt of 0.5%, the K of 1.5% that the percentage accounting for its weight is followed successively by 20% in filter residue powder
2hPO
43H
2o, 0.5% MgSO
47H
2o, 0.01% FeSO
47H
2the distilled water of O and 77.85%, sterilizing obtains compost, for subsequent use;
Step 4, fresh rye grass is chosen successively according to the part by weight of 7:2:1, napier grass, sudangrass, sweet clover, sainfoin, dry cushaw stem and dry watermelon vine are as ensiling raw material, by ensiling raw material according to sweet clover, sainfoin, dry cushaw stem, dry watermelon vine, rye grass, napier grass, the order of sudangrass is successively routed in silage silo, every these seven layers laying are complete, even sprinkling formic acid, the bark of eucommia fine powder that step 2 obtains and the compost of step 3, inoculum concentration access weight ratio according to 4% is lactobacillus bulgaricus and the bacillus subtilis of 1:1, at the temperature of 37 DEG C, closing anaerobic ferments 12 days, obtain ensilage, wherein, the inoculum concentration of each access is 4% of every seven layers of ensiling raw material weight laid.
Ensiling is exactly utilize the lactic acid bacteria existed in green forage, under anaerobic feed is fermented, the sugar of the part in feed source is made to change lactic acid into, the acid-base value of ensilage (pH value) is made to drop to less than 4.2, to suppress other aerobic microbiological as the flourish of mould, spoilage organisms etc., thus reach the object of long storage periods greenfeed.The present invention adds bark of eucommia fine powder in ensilage, and the albumen (EAFP) containing the growth of energy Antifungi in bark of eucommia fine powder, significantly can suppress the growth of various mould; In addition, containing more chlorogenic acid and Aucubin in the bark of eucommia, the former contains significantly antibacterial and choleretic effect, and the latter all has inhibitory action to Gram-negative and positive bacteria.
The present invention adopts weight ratio to be lactobacillus bulgaricus and the bacillus subtilis of 1:1, can effectively utilize plant forage, improve food conversion ratio when silage fermentation, reduces aquaculture cost; Forage itself is containing abundant nutriment, but its green grass phase is shorter, and the hay mouthfeel of shining system is poor, and nutritional labeling is lost to some extent.Utilize silage fermentation to obtain feed, improve the beneficial microbe content of ensilage, make it be not easy to go mouldy and rot, be more conducive to long-term preservation; Animal body environment can be improved, improve resistance against diseases.In addition, bacillus subtilis can also reduce the concentration of ammonia in animal body, reduces the ammonia emission amount of animal, and purification mew air, reduces the content of nitrogen in fecaluria, reduce the pollution to environment; Improve organic resolution ratio, thus the concentration of poultry house Ammonia in Air can be reduced, reach deodorizing effect.
Claims (2)
1. a preparation method for the ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, choose the folium cortex eucommiae in 9 ~ November, pulverize after cleaning, drying, then cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain Eucommia Leaf Powder, the pectinase solution that mass fraction is 0.5% is added in Eucommia Leaf Powder, be ultrasonic oscillation process 60 ~ 120min in the extractor of 25 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature, leave standstill 1h, for subsequent use; Wherein, the volume of added pectinase solution and the ratio of Eucommia Leaf Powder weight are 0.3mL:1g, and hyperacoustic frequency is 15 ~ 18KHz;
Step 2, in the extractor after leaving standstill, add volume ratio be the pH of 2:1 be 4.0 disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution, mass fraction be the sodium sulfite solution of 0.2%, at the temperature of 30 ~ 39 DEG C after refluxing extraction 1h; The pH again adding same volume is the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 7.5, and after repeating to extract 1h, the pH again adding same volume is the disodium bicarbonate-citric acid solution of 8.3, repeat to extract 1h, merge No. three extracts, after elimination filter residue, bark of eucommia fine powder is obtained by spraying dry, for subsequent use;
Step 3, will pulverize after remaining for step 2 filter residue and drying and cross 80 mesh sieves, obtained filter residue powder, adds glutinous rice flour, the salt of 0.5%, the K of 1.5% that the percentage accounting for its weight is followed successively by 20% in filter residue powder
2hPO
43H
2o, 0.5% MgSO
47H
2o, 0.01% FeSO
47H
2the distilled water of O and 77.85%, sterilizing obtains compost, for subsequent use;
Step 4, to choose fresh grass family plant and pulse family plant and dry liana section plant successively according to the part by weight of 7:2:1, three kinds of raw materials are successively routed in silage silo according to pulse family, liana section, order gramineous, every these three layers laying are complete, the compost of the bark of eucommia fine powder that even sprinkling formic acid, a step 2 obtain and step 3, inoculum concentration access weight ratio according to 3 ~ 5% is lactobacillus bulgaricus and the bacillus subtilis of 1:1, at the temperature of 19 ~ 37 DEG C, closing anaerobic fermentation 10 ~ 14 days, obtains ensilage.
2. the preparation method of a kind of ensilage containing bark of eucommia fine powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: grass family plant adopt in maize straw, rye grass, napier grass, sudangrass one or more; Pulse family plant adopts clover, clover, Chinese milk vetch, sweet clover, one or more in sainfoin; Liana section plant adopts cushaw stem and/or watermelon vine.
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| CN111990532A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-11-27 | 河南大学 | Silage, preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106173467A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 合肥市福来多食品有限公司 | A kind of Camphor Tree Seeds feedstuff improving Ovum Anas domestica delicious degree and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109717306A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-07 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | A method of ensilage is made using straw and soybean stalks |
| CN111990532A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-11-27 | 河南大学 | Silage, preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150311 |