CN104383363B - 治疗痛风的中药组合物 - Google Patents
治疗痛风的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
公开了一种治疗痛风的中药组合物,该组合物由乳香、没药、薏苡仁、桃仁、红花、川芎、当归、威灵仙、藁本、生石膏、续断、车前草、蒲公英、玄参、白芷、鱼腥草、生地黄、麦冬、莲子心、栀子、白芍、泽泻、菟丝子、龟甲、三七、炮山甲、全蝎、独活、羌活、狗脊、地龙、枸杞子、甘草组成。该中药组合物通过调节尿酸、祛湿除弊、疏通经络作用达到治疗痛风的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于传统中医药领域,涉及一种治疗痛风的中药组合物。
背景技术
痛风是由单钠尿酸盐(MSU)沉积所致的晶体相关性关节病,与嘌呤代谢紊乱和(或)尿酸排泄减少所致的高尿酸血症直接相关,特指急性特征性关节炎和慢性痛风石疾病,主要包括急性发作性关节炎、痛风石形成、痛风石性慢性关节炎、尿酸盐肾病和尿酸性尿路结石,重者可出现关节残疾和肾功能不全。痛风常伴腹型肥胖、高脂血症、高血压、2型糖尿病及心血管病等表现。痛风多见于中年男性,女性仅占5%,主要是绝经后女性,痛风发生有年轻化趋势。
痛风是属于中医“痹证”等范畴,而过多的尿酸则属“湿浊”。由于脾肾功能失调,脾失健运,致使湿浊内生;肾分清泌浊的功能失调,则湿浊排泄障碍。此时若又酗酒暴食、劳倦过度等,则促使湿浊流注于关节、肌肉,造成气血运行不畅而形成痹痛,也就是痛风关节炎。如湿浊之邪进一步伤于肾则可导致肾损害,就是痛风性肾病甚至慢性肾衰。
目前治疗痛风基本以西药为主,主要有非甾类抗炎药和糖皮质激素类,前者上使用易伴肾功能不全者伤害,同时还应注意其心血管系统的不良反应。糖皮质激素类药物更容易导体内激素失衡,导致代谢紊乱。
技术内容
本发明的目在于提供一种治疗痛风的中药组合物,该中药组合物通过调节尿酸、祛湿除弊、疏通经络作用达到治疗痛风的效果。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种治疗痛风的中药组合物,其特征在于该中药组合物由下述成分组成:乳香、没药、薏苡仁、桃仁、红花、川芎、当归、威灵仙、藁本、生石膏、续断、车前草、蒲公英、玄参、白芷、鱼腥草、生地黄、麦冬、莲子心、栀子、白芍、泽泻、菟丝子、龟甲、三七、炮山甲、全蝎、独活、羌活、狗脊、地龙、枸杞子、甘草。
本发明治疗痛风的中药组合物,可通过常规方法制成煎剂、散剂使用,也可以通过活性药物浸提后,按照常规制剂方式制成片剂、贴剂、胶囊剂等现代剂型。
中医认为本病的发生,可分为外因和内因两个方面。
1.外因为风、寒、湿、热之邪侵袭人体,痹阻经络。(1)风寒湿邪侵袭人体:居处或劳动环境寒冷潮湿,或涉水淋雨,或长期水下作业,或气候剧变等原因以致风寒湿邪侵袭人体而发病。(2)风湿热邪侵袭人体:外感风热,与湿相并,导致风湿热合邪为患;或风寒湿邪侵袭人体,郁而化热,痹阻经络、关节而发病。
2.内因为正气不足或劳倦过度(1)劳逸不当:劳倦过度,耗伤正气,或汗出当风,外邪乘虚而入,以致经络阻滞,气血运行不畅而成痹怔。(2)体质亏虚:素体虚弱,或病后等气血不足,腠理空虚,卫气不固外邪乘虚而入。痹证日久不愈,血脉瘀阻,津聚痰凝。由经络及脏腑,导致脏腑痹。
血中尿酸增高是形成痛风的基础,因此降低血中尿酸水平十分重要。尿酸的排泄三分之一由胃肠道排出,三分之二从肾排出。选用中药除了按辨证原则之外还可以参考现代中药药理研究的结果选用。
泽泻、桃仁、当归、地龙对黄嘌呤氧化酶有较强的抑制作用,能减少尿酸的合成。
车前草、薏苡仁、地龙等可以促进尿酸从肾排出。
羌活、独活、川芎、当归、藁本能活血化瘀、散寒通痹。
栀子有秋水仙碱样作用,抑制白细胞趋化,从而减轻痛风性关节炎的炎症;
威灵仙、白芷能溶解尿酸并减轻尿酸疼痛。
乳香、没药能行气活血,增强代谢加速痛风炎症病菌的杀灭排除,减轻疼痛。
枸杞子、狗脊、续断能、菟丝子滋补肝肾、益精明目、健腰脚、利关节。
龟甲、炮山甲活血散结、消痈溃坚。
生石膏、玄参、蒲公英、鱼腥草、莲子心清热泻火,收敛生肌,利尿通淋。
生地黄、麦冬、白芍生津滋阴,养血。
本发明治疗痛风的中药组合物,参考了多种医学药典,同时辅以多年临床应用的优化,克服了禁忌组合的问题,具体选用草药的药理学基础为:
乳香:性辛、苦、温。入心、肝、脾经。活血、行气、止痛。本品有较显著的镇痛作用。以乳香为首味药的子宫丸比多种抗菌素有更强烈的抑菌作用。没药:味苦、辛,性温,无毒。主治胸腹瘀痛、痛经、经闭、症瘕、跌打损伤、痈肿疮疡、肠痈、目赤肿痛。有活血止痛、消肿生肌等功效。薏苡仁:性凉,味甘、淡。健脾渗湿,除痹止泻。薏米可用于治疗水肿、湿痹拘挛、脾虚泄泻。桃仁:味苦、甘,性平,归心、肝、大肠经。功效活血祛瘀。主治症瘕结块、肺痈肠痈、跌仆伤痛、经闭痛经、产后瘀痛等症。红花:味辛,性温,归心、肝经。功效活血通经、散瘀止痛。主治经闭、痛经、恶露不行、症瘕痞块、跌打损伤活血通经、散淤止痛。川芎:性温,味辛,归肝、胆、心经。功效:活血行气,祛风止痛。主治月经不调、心胸胁疼痛、跌打损伤肿痛、头痛眩晕目暗、风寒湿痹、肢体麻木、痈疽疮疡。当归:具有养血和血、活血止痛、养血调经、润肠通便、降逆止咳、头痛内伤发热功效。用于补益心血、滋补肝血、跌打损伤、淤血、腹痛、风寒湿痹、月经不调、经闭、痛经、血虚发热、淤血发热。威灵仙:性温,有毒,味辛、咸,归膀胱经。功效:祛风除湿、通络止痛、消痰水、散癖积。主治痛风顽痹、风湿痹痛、肢体麻木、膝冷痛、筋脉拘挛、屈伸不利、脚气、疟疾、症瘕积聚、破伤风、扁桃体炎、诸骨鲠咽。藁本:用于风寒湿痹。藁本能除肌肤经络间寒湿之邪而祛风止痛。生石膏:清热泻火,除烦止渴,收敛生肌。续断:味苦、辛;性微温。归肝;肾经。补肝肾;强筋骨;调血脉;续折伤;止崩漏。用于肢节痿痹,损筋折骨,遗精,风湿痹痛。车前草:味甘,性寒。《雷公炮制药性解》:入肝、膀胱、小肠三经。″利水,清热,明目,祛痰。治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,暑湿泻痢,咳嗽多痰,湿痹,目赤障翳。①《本经》:主气癃、止痛,利水道小便,除湿痹。②《本草经集注》:主虚劳。蒲公英:味甘,微苦,性寒。入脾、胃、肾三经。清热解毒,消痈散结。《随息居饮食谱》:清肺,利嗽化痰,散结消痈,养阴凉血,舒筋固齿,通乳益精。《本草经疏》:蒲公英昧甘平,其性无毒。当是入肝入胃,解热凉血之要药。玄参:味甘、苦、咸,性微寒。归肺、胃、肾经。功效:清热凉血,泻火解毒,滋阴。主治温邪入营,内陷心包,温毒发斑,热病伤阴、舌绛烦渴、津伤便秘、骨蒸劳嗽、目赤、咽痛、瘰疬、白喉、痈肿疮毒。白芷:白芷为治鼻渊要药,有化湿通鼻窍之功能。又能祛风,散湿,排脓,生肌止痛;主治风寒感冒,前额头痛,鼻窦炎,牙痛,痔漏、便血、白带、痈疖肿毒、烧伤等症。现代医学研究证实白芷具有解热、镇痛、抗炎、抗微生物、解痉作用。鱼腥草:味苦,性微寒,归肺经、膀胱、大肠经。功效:清热解毒、排脓消痈、利尿通淋。主治热淋主肺痈吐脓、痰热喘咳、喉哦、热痢、痈肿疮毒、热淋。生地黄:味甘、苦,性凉,归心、肝、肾经。功效:清热生津滋阴,养血。主治阴虚发热,消渴,吐血,衄血,血崩,月经不调,胎动不安,阴伤便秘。麦冬:性甘、味微苦。归心、肺、胃经。具有养阴生津,润肺清心功能。用于肺燥干咳,阴虚痨嗽,肺痿,肺痈,津伤口渴等症。治肺痈涕唾涎沫,吐脓如粥:麦门冬(去心,焙)二两,桔梗(去芦头)五两,甘草(炙,锉)三分。上三味粗捣筛,每服三钱匕,水一盏,青蒿心叶十片,同煎至七分,去滓温服。稍轻者粥饮调下亦得。(《圣济总录》麦冬汤)。莲子心:清心火,平肝火,泻脾火,降肺火。消暑除烦,生津止渴,治目红肿。栀子:味苦、性寒,有小毒。具有抗炎抑菌作用。白芍:味苦、酸,性微寒。归肝、脾经。养血敛阴,柔肝止痛,平肝阳。平肝止痛,养血调经,敛阴止汗。用于头痛眩晕,胁痛,腹痛,四肢挛痛,血虚萎黄,月经不调,自汗,盗汗。泽泻:利水渗湿,泄热,化浊降脂。菟丝子:菟丝子在《神农本草经》中被列为上品。归经:气味辛,甘,平,无毒。补肾益精,养肝明目。适用于肝肾不足的腰膝筋骨酸痛,腿脚软弱无力、阳痿遗精、呓语、小便频数、尿有余沥、头晕眼花、视物不清、耳鸣耳聋以及妇女带下、习惯性流产等症。一般情况下被列为上品的可以久服,久服明目轻身延年。龟甲:味咸,性寒。滋肾潜阳,软坚散结。三七:味甘、微苦,性温,归肝、胃、心、肺、大肠经。功效散血、定痛。主治扑瘀肿、胸痹绞痛、症瘕、血瘀经闭。炮山甲,性微寒,味咸,归肝、胃经。功效:活血散结、通经下乳、消痈溃坚。主治血瘀经闭、症瘕、风湿痹痛、乳汁不下、痈肿、瘰疬。全蝎:性平,有毒,味辛,归肝经。功效:息风镇痉、攻毒散结、通络止痛。主治小儿惊风、抽搐痉挛、中风口歪、半身不遂、破伤风、风湿顽痹、偏正头痛、疮疡、瘰疬。独活:性微温,味辛、苦,归肝、肾、膀胱经。功效:祛风胜湿、散寒止痛。主治风寒湿痹、腰膝疼痛、少阴伏风头痛、头痛齿痛。羌活:性温,味辛、苦,归膀胱、肾经。功效:散表寒、祛风湿、利关节、止痛。主治外感风寒、头痛无汗、油印寒湿痹、风水浮肿、疮疡肿毒,阳痿遗精、遗尿尿频、腰膝冷痛、肾虚作喘、五更泄泻,外用治白癜风、斑秃、解表散寒、祛风胜湿、止痛。地龙:味咸,性寒,归肝、脾、膀胱经。功效:清热,镇痉,利尿,解毒。主治热病惊狂、小儿惊风、咳喘、头痛目赤、咽喉肿痛、小便不通、风湿关节疼痛,半身不遂等症。枸杞子:滋补肝肾,益精明目。用于虚劳精亏,腰膝酸痛,眩晕耳鸣,阳萎遗精,内热消渴,血虚萎黄,目昏不明。甘草:味甘,性平。入脾、胃、肺经。补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。用于心气虚,心悸怔忡,脉结代,以及脾胃气虚,倦怠乏力,气喘咳嗽等。另外,也常用来调和诸药。甘草有抗炎,抗过敏作用,能保护发炎的咽喉和气管粘膜。甘草浸膏和甘草酸对某些毒物有类似葡萄糖醛酸的解毒作用。甘草是于本方中属于使药引导药物直达病变部位,兼有调和作用。这么一来,药物不必运行到别的器官,导致其他器官受到药物不必要作用损害,减少副作用。
参考文献:[1]中华医学会风湿病学分会.原发性痛风诊断和治疗指南.中华风湿病学杂志,2011,6(15);[2]何清.高尿酸血症和痛风的病因与流行病学.中国临床医生,2009,37(1);[3]郭立新等.痛风.内科学.北京大学医学出版社,2012年1月;[4]刘晓.痛风病人饮食的护理进展[J].中国疗养医学.2009,18(12);[5]张琳,祝波,等.饮食与运动对痛风影响的研究[J].哈尔滨医科大学学报.2013,47(4);[6]李振彬.痛风的病机及中药治疗[J].中国中西医结合杂志.2011,31(4);[7]何文伍.中西医结合治疗痛风的现状与展望[J].光明中医.2007,22(8);[8]周辉,陈小薇,汤竞南.中医治疗痛风性关节炎探讨[J].吉林医学.2010,31(23);[9]陈光亮,徐叔云.中药治疗痛风研究近况[J].安徽中医学院学报.2003,22(5);
典型病例
(1)黄某某,男,50岁,中学校长。经市级人民医院确诊痛风,已十余年,四处求医未愈而来我处治疗,服用本发明药物5个月治愈,追访至今,未复发。
(2)刘某某,男,45岁,酒厂工人。换痛风8年,手指关节及脚大脚趾外侧患痛风石,疼痛难忍,经人介绍来我处求治,服用本发明药物3个月,痛风石缩小,5个月病愈,未再有疼痛。
(3)陈某某,男,58岁。农民,患痛风3年,经大小医院治疗,屡治屡发,经久不愈甚是痛苦,曾服农药自杀未遂。后经病人介绍而来我处求治,服用本发明药物5个月痊愈,至今未复发。
(4)谌某某,男,74岁。农民,患痛风二十余年,右脚外侧大脚趾红肿疼痛,发热。严重时自己用铁锤捶打烂红肿部位,以至于更加严重,家人四处求治后来我处,服用本发明药物6个月痊愈,至今二年未复发。
(5)李某某,男,22岁。文理学院学生,左手腕关节疼痛一年余,经市医院诊断为痛风,因此人家住青岛,经常吃海鲜食品,家族也哟偶痛风史,发作时疼痛难忍,不能上课而来我处治疗,诊断后嘱其服用本发明药物,2月余,痊愈。
(6)罗某某,男,28岁。机关干部,因工作需要,经常在外面吃喝而落下了痛风顽疾,经多家大小医院求治未果而前来我处,服用本发明药物3个月而愈,至今3年未发,赠送锦旗以谢。
具体实施例
取乳香9克、没药13克、薏苡仁22克、桃仁7克、红花9克、川芎9克、当归11克、威灵仙20克、藁本15克、生石膏7克、续断5克、车前草13克、蒲公英22克、玄参8克、白芷9克、鱼腥草4克、生地黄25克、麦冬17克、莲子心13克、栀子19克、白芍5克、泽泻11克、菟丝子7克、龟甲10克、三七4克、炮山甲2克、全蝎7克、独活12克、羌活11克、狗脊5克、地龙3克、枸杞子1克、甘草15克。置于干净砂锅中,加入1.5kg水,武火烧开后文火煎煮30分钟,冷却,滤出药渣。药液分三次服用,分早、中、晚各一次。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗痛风的中药组合物,其特征在于该组合物由下述成分组成:乳香9克、没药13克、薏苡仁22克、桃仁7克、红花9克、川芎9克、当归11克、威灵仙20克、藁本15克、生石膏7克、续断5克、车前草13克、蒲公英22克、玄参8克、白芷9克、鱼腥草4克、生地黄25克、麦冬17克、莲子心13克、栀子19克、白芍5克、泽泻11克、菟丝子7克、龟甲10克、三七4克、炮山甲2克、全蝎7克、独活12克、羌活11克、狗脊5克、地龙3克、枸杞子1克、甘草15克。
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