CN104379421A - 特别是液压制动系统的液压部件 - Google Patents

特别是液压制动系统的液压部件 Download PDF

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CN104379421A
CN104379421A CN201380029137.3A CN201380029137A CN104379421A CN 104379421 A CN104379421 A CN 104379421A CN 201380029137 A CN201380029137 A CN 201380029137A CN 104379421 A CN104379421 A CN 104379421A
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pipe section
reflecting surface
hydraulic unit
hydraulic
described pipe
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CN104379421B (zh
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W·施塔尔
D·布伦多尔费尔
M·艾森劳尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/04—Arrangements of piping, valves in the piping, e.g. cut-off valves, couplings or air hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/36—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
    • B60T8/3615—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems
    • B60T8/3675—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems integrated in modulator units
    • B60T8/368—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems integrated in modulator units combined with other mechanical components, e.g. pump units, master cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4068—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system the additional fluid circuit comprising means for attenuating pressure pulsations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/027—Throttle passages
    • F16L55/02709—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates
    • F16L55/02718—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates placed transversely
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/027—Throttle passages
    • F16L55/02709—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates
    • F16L55/02727—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates placed parallel to the axis of the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/027—Throttle passages
    • F16L55/02736—Throttle passages using transversal baffles defining a tortuous path

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种液压部件(10)，特别是液压制动系统的液压部件(10)，其具有由制动液待通流的管路区段(24)，在所述管路区段(24)中布置有至少一个所述制动液流经的第一反射面(34、36)。

Description

特别是液压制动系统的液压部件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种特别是液压制动系统的液压部件，其具有制动液待通流的管路区段。 
背景技术
机动车，例如轿车或载重汽车中使用液压装置，从而在制动系统上产生可控的制动压力。特别是通过这种液压装置实现防抱死系统(ABS)、牵引力控制系统(ASR)和/或电子稳定程序(ESP)的功能。为定量分配制动压力，所述液压装置包括至少一个泵，其具有多个泵活塞或泵元件以及多个阀。所述阀原则上以电磁方式控制，从而可以在非常短的时间内在每个制动管路中产生不同的制动压力。在这种液压制动系统中使用阻尼器，从而避免压力脉动以及由此产生的噪音。所述压力脉动随着制动液的的压缩在液压装置自身中或在其余的制动系统中借助于泵元件产生。此外，阻尼器应该特别避免阀开启时由于压力突然增大而通过压力波产生的噪音。 
例如德国专利文件DE 103 05 310 B4公开了用于液压制动系统的压力脉动阻尼器。德国专利文件DE 197 32 771 A1公开了制动系统的液压装置的活塞泵，其中为减小压力峰值，由于泵活塞不连续的输送，它的在挤压腔侧面上的气缸孔借助于膜片封闭。所述膜片是由薄板制成的深冲部件，其可以由于流过的制动液而弹性变形。所述弹性可变形性减弱所属流出腔内的压力变化。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种液压部件，特别是制动系统的液压装置，由此以成本特别合适的方式实现压力脉动和压力峰值的显著缓 冲。 
依据本发明提供一种液压部件，特别是液压制动系统的液压部件，其具有制动液待通流的管路区段，在其中布置至少一个制动液开始流经的第一反射面。通过如本发明所述的解决方案，通过至少一个有针对性地安装在所述液压部件的管路区段中的反射面来弱化或消除振动、压力波和由此可能产生的功能故障或噪音。所述反射面实现压力波的反射并且借助于相消干涉实现了压力脉动由相应的被反射的压力波消除。特别是两个彼此相对的反射面之间的结构空间构成所谓的四分之一波长(Lamda/4)阻尼器。所述结构空间的长度在此是需要被缓冲的压力波波长的四分之一。通过该阻尼器，压力波的一部分的相位被旋转180°。通过如本发明所述的至少一个反射面形成干涉，其阻止由压力波形成的干扰。 
在如本发明所述的解决方案的一个有利改进方案中，设有至少一个第二反射面，其与第一反射面平行地延伸。所述两个平行的反射面构成反射空间，在其中在彼此相对的两个侧壁上产生干涉。此外，可以相对于第一反射面按照预定的间距设置其他指定的反射面，由此针对流入的压力波形成不同的反射时间点进而形成每个干涉的不同频率范围。通过这一方式可以有目的地调控会导致制动系统中的共振过高的频率范围。 
根据本发明使用的管路区段优选具有纵向长度并且至少一个第一反射面横向于管路区段的纵向长度定向。所述反射面因此横向于通流所述管路区段的流体的主流动方向定向并因此为所述液体提供强的脉冲反射。 
此外，所述管路区段有利地具有横向长度并且至少一个第一反射面只在所述管路区段的横向长度的部分区域上延伸。通过这种反射面，在其附近还有足够的使制动液穿过所述管路区段流过的横截面。关于希望的反射方面，优选地根据流动的流体的期望流阻来设定空的横截面的大小。 
特别优选的是，沿所述管路区段的横向观察，至少一个第一反 射面被布置在其中心。这种反射面导致在所述管路区段内部由此产生的干涉的很大程度上对称的分别。此外，以此方式限定了所得到的阻尼器的几何形状，因此也可以例如借助于模拟方式实现。 
优选的是，所述至少一个第一反射面以及优选还有至少一个第二反射面被构造在布置于所述管路区段内的插入件上。可以与所述液压部件分开地，与期望的干涉相协调地高制造精度地制造这种插入件。此外，所述插入件可以十分良好地适应边界条件，特别是余下制动系统的脉冲特性。所述插入件优选被布置于在端侧封闭所述管路区段的盖部上或被与该盖部一体或单件式地构造。因此可以简单方式在将所述盖部安装或固定在所述管路区段上时将所述插入件以位置固定且长期稳定的方式布置在所述管路区段中。 
所述插入件优选和中心杆构造在一起，在其上布置至少一个第一反射面以及优选还布置有横向于所述管路区段的纵向长度的第二反射面。所述杆优选被布置在所述管路区段的中心处并形成支座，多个反射面可特别是平行地以预定的间距彼此接续地布置在其上。 
此外，所述插入件优选构成为带有位置固定地安装在所述管路区段中的盘片，在该盘片上布置有横向于管路区段的纵向长度定向的至少一个第一反射面。所述盘片同时形成横向于通流所述管路区段的流体的流动方向的、确定的反射面并且可以在此以简单且成本有利的方式设置在所述管路区段中。 
所述盘片特别优选地设有至少一个通孔，特别是在所述盘片的中心处。所述盘片在此优选通过位于外侧的支架固定在所述管路区段中，构造为插入件被固定在所述管路区段中或者构造为所述管路区段中的几何形状构件。所述通孔使每个横断面都开放，这是制动液的通流所期望的。为了实现在所述管路区段中相对于横断面的干涉的点对称形状，在所述管路区段的中心处设置孔是有利的。 
特别优选的是在所述管路区段中以相对于彼此预定的间距位置固定地安装两个盘片。通过这些盘片可以特别成本有利和节约材料的方式实现在所述管路区段中平行的、接续安置的反射面的上述优 点。 
附图说明
下文借助于附图进一步解释依据本发明的解决方案的实施例。图示如下： 
图1示出了为依据本发明的制动系统的液压装置形式的液压部件的侧视图； 
图2示出了图1中A-A的截面，具有被布置在液压装置中的、带有反射面的插入件的第一实施例； 
图3示出了图2所示的插入件的透视图； 
图4示出了插入件的第二实施例的透视图； 
图5示出了插入件的第三实施例的透视图； 
图6示出了插入件的第四实施例的透视图； 
图7示出了图2中A-A的截面，具有被布置在液压装置中的插入件的第五实施例，和 
图8示出了图2中A-A的截面，用以表示如本发明所述的、带有反射面的插入件的作用方式。 
具体实施方式
图1示出为液压装置形式的液压部件10，其液压块12由铝制成。在所述液压块12中构造有八个孔，其中盲孔14用于容纳额外的图中未示出的泵元件。另一个盲孔用作连接管路16用来连接三个相对于其横向延伸的、为盲孔形式的管路18、20和22。此外，三个管路18、20和22通入另一盲孔中，其与所述连接管路16平行并作为管路区段24。 
在安装完成的液压装置10中，在管路18、20和22中分别布置未示出的阀。所述管路18、20和22形成针对所述液压装置10的流动管路，制动液可以经过该流动管路被输送到所属制动系统的图中未示出的制动器。为此，流出管路23位于在被构造为盲孔的管路区 段24的底部。 
在所述管路区段24内布置插入件26，其和中心杆28一起在所述管路区段的纵向上延伸。在所述杆28上，横向于纵向地、在与所述管路区段18、20和22预定的间距位置处布置两个盘片30和32。所述盘片30和32分别为环形并且直径的大小设计成几乎但又并非完全地在所述管路区段24的横向长度上延伸。它们被所述杆28位置固定地保持在所述管路区段24的中心。 
所述盘片30和32中的每一个都在其朝向管路20或22的侧面上设计有第一反射面34或第二反射面36，其在所述盘片的端侧以环形形状围绕杆28。所述盘片30和32将所述管路区段24在此划分为分别在其末端被反射面34或36限定的多个腔。如图8所示，随着入流的压力波38的接近，在这种反射面34或36上产生反射波40。这两种波、压力波38和反射波40由于相消干涉使得在所述反射面34处流过的制动液的波产生的振幅减小。由此，只有其形成的压力波42变弱的制动液在共振面34之后流动，而这种压力波使得下级制动系统的噪音变小以及负荷变小。以所属压力波的四分之一波长的间隔发生于反射面34上的反射特别地大幅消除了所述压力波。这同样适用于具有频率为该压力波整数倍的压力波。 
被构造为盲孔的管路区段24在外侧通过塞子形状的盖部44封闭，所述盖部44被安装在所述液压块12中并借助于压制(Verstemmung)被位置固定地且流体密封地附着在其中。所述杆28在如图2、3和4所示的实施例中与所述盖部44被构造为一个整体。在如图5所示的实施例中，所述杆28借助于被构造在其前端部上的螺纹区段46与所述盖部44被拧在一起。 
在图6所示的实施例中，所述杆28在其面向所述盖部44的前端部上构造有横向延伸的支承面48，所述杆28在安装状态下可以贴在所述盖部44的支承面上并可支承在其上。 
所述管路区段24被构造为阶梯状并在此具有凸肩，所述凸肩形成用于如图3和6所示的插入件26的中心杆28的端侧的、横向定 向的第二支承面52的轴向对准的接触面50。在端侧的第二支承面52上构造出两个径向外侧的、完全相反的凹槽54，而制动液可以轴向通流穿过所述凹槽。 
图7示出具有所述管路区段24的液压块12的实施例，其中所述插入件26由两个盘片56及58形成。这两个盘片56和58被横向定向地、在管路区段24中以相对于彼此和相对于管路18、20和22的轴向布置预定的间距被压紧。由于由此产生的在其外边缘上的压力，它们被位置固定地布置在所述管路区段24中。在两个盘片56和58中的每一个的中心位置处分别构造有通孔60，制动液可以通过所述通孔60流过盘片56和58。由此在所述盘片56和58上分别形成环形的反射面34和36。 

Claims (10)

1.液压部件(10)，特别是液压制动系统的液压部件，该液压部件具有制动液待通流的管路区段(24)，在该管路区段中布置至少一个所述制动液流经的第一反射面(34、36)。
2.如权利要求1所述的液压部件，其特征在于，设有至少一个第二反射面(36)，该第二反射面与第一反射面(34)平行地延伸。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的液压部件，其特征在于，所述管路区段(24)具有纵向长度并且所述至少一个第一反射面(34、36)横向于所述管路区段(24)的纵向长度定向。
4.如上述权利要求其中任一项所述的液压部件，其特征在于，所述管路区段(24)具有横向长度并且所述至少一个第一反射面(34、36)只在所述管路区段的横向长度的部分区域上延伸。
5.如上述权利要求其中任一项所述的液压部件，其特征在于，从所述管路区段(24)的横向上观察，所述至少一个第一反射面(34、36)布置在所述管路区段的中心。
6.如上述权利要求其中任一项所述的液压部件，其特征在于，至少一个第一反射面(34、36)以及优选还有所述至少一个第二反射面(36)构造在布置于所述管路区段(24)中的插入件(26)上。
7.如权利要求6所述的液压部件，其特征在于，所述插入件(26)与中心杆(28)构造在一起，在所述插入件上布置所述至少一个第一反射面(34、36)以及优选还有横向于所述管路区段(24)的纵向长度定向的所述至少一个第二反射面(36)。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的液压部件，其特征在于，所述插入件(26)构造有位置固定地安装在所述管路区段(24)中的盘片(30、32、56、58)，在该盘片上布置横向于所述管路区段(24)的纵向长度定向的所述至少一个第一反射面(34、36)。
9.如权利要求8所述的液压部件，其特征在于，所述盘片(56、58)，特别在所述盘片(56、58)的中心位置设有至少一个通孔(60)。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的液压部件，其特征在于，在所述管路区段(24)中以相对于彼此预定的间距位置固定地安装两个盘片(30、32、56、58)。
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DE102012209400A1 (de) 2013-12-05
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KR20150017340A (ko) 2015-02-16

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