CN104335930B - A kind of miniflow water circulation type grid is cultivated the method for swamp eel seed - Google Patents
A kind of miniflow water circulation type grid is cultivated the method for swamp eel seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104335930B CN104335930B CN201310333212.7A CN201310333212A CN104335930B CN 104335930 B CN104335930 B CN 104335930B CN 201310333212 A CN201310333212 A CN 201310333212A CN 104335930 B CN104335930 B CN 104335930B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of miniflow water circulation type grid and cultivate the method for swamp eel seed, belong to fishery science applied technical field, it is characterized in that the multiple multiple swamp eel seedlings cultivation cylindrical mesh of cultivating bucket and interior placement thereof by being provided with water circulation system, same brood or the consistent young eel of specification are proceeded in the cylindrical mesh of cultivating bucket in good time, it is cultivated with living bait, thereby very effectively prevent from killing each other because of the eel seedling of Individual Size due to differing. Cultivate design and installation, the swamp eel of equipment cultivates design, the making of grid and installs by applying miniflow water circulation type of the present invention, the input of young eel and cultivation, and the management of nurturing period to circulation and grid, swamp eel seed was through the cultivation of 4～5 months, its survival rate can bring up to 90%～95%, and the individual average specification of its seed can reach 8～10g. Method of the present invention, can be swamp eel large-scale cultivation in enormous quantities, high-quality large specification swamp eel seed is provided, and has extraordinary application prospect.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of miniflow water circulation type grid and cultivate the method for swamp eel seed, belonging to fishery science shouldUse technical field.
Background technology:
Swamp eel (Monopterusalbus) be China in recent years cultivate development very rapidly famous-brand and high-quality fish itOne, its cultivation spreads all over the country, especially in Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze RiverThe provinces such as river, culture of swamp eel has become one of leading kind of these regional freshwater aquaculture industries.
In the process of culture of swamp eel industry development, seed is very short, and the seedling of throwing at present withWild eel seedling is main. Cultivate wild swamp eel seedling, on producing, exist the low deficiency of cultivation survival rate,And quantity can not meet the requirement that swamp eel industry develops rapidly. Though the artificial breeding technology of swamp eel seed existsHave breakthrough in the recent period, but the eel seedling that artificial incubation is gone out from young eel cultivate the long 15～20cm of body, body weight 5～The survival rate of the large specification seedling of 8g is low, can't carry out the production of scale. The survival of swamp eel seed rearingMain and the key reason that rate is low is in seed rearing process, very easily to occur cutting one another's throat between eel seedling individualityPhenomenon, this phenomenon is mainly Individual Size and the ingestion ability by the eel seedling of different or same hatching batchDue to difference.
Grid is cultivated can be to the eel seedling of the Different Individual size of different or same hatching batch in same cultivations barrelIn jointly cultivate, thereby and can effectively prevent the mutually residual of eel seedling by the individualities of isolating different sizesKill.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of miniflow water circulation type netLattice are cultivated the method for swamp eel seed, and the survival rate of swamp eel seed rearing can bring up to 90%～95%, by 4～The cultivation of 5 months, the individual specification of swamp eel on average can reach 8～10g, and can be swamp eel large-scale cultivation providesHigh-quality large specification swamp eel seed in enormous quantities.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by following technical solution.
A kind of miniflow water circulation type grid provided by the invention is cultivated the method for swamp eel seed, comprises following stepRapid:
(1) miniflow water circulation type is cultivated design and the installation of equipment:
The equipment that miniflow water circulation type is cultivated swamp eel seed comprises cistern, cultivates bucket and water circulation system;
Described cistern is built by the good pond of water quality, and at the bottom of its pond and the top of cultivating bucket is in sameHorizontal plane or higher than cultivate bucket top; Its volume is to cultivate the more than 2 times of bucket volume summation; Water source byElectric submersible pump is fetched water from pond, water source; Be provided with autocontrol valve, when the water level of cistern is lower than the Gao Shui in pond2/3 o'clock of position, autocontrol valve is opened electric submersible pump water intaking automatically;
Described cultivation bucket is cylindrical, is made up of glass fiber material, and the diameter of bucket is 1.0m, Gao Wei0.5m; The bucket end, is ramped shaped by periphery Xiang Tongdi center, and the gradient is 5～10 degree, and Tong Di center is for alwaysThe small opening of footpath 4～5cm, is convenient to draining and blowdown;
Described water circulation system is made up of water inlet pipe, drainpipe, control valve and pollution discharge pond, and water inlet pipe isThe pvc pipe of diameter 10cm, is connected to each below of cultivating bucket from the bottom of cistern, then by diameterFor the pvc pipe of 4cm is transferred to each top of cultivating bucket, and be connected with to cultivate inner bucket water face parallelSparge pipe; Sparge pipe is the pvc pipe of long 70cm, and the closed at both ends of pipe is drilled with fine holes on the pipe whole body,Be convenient to water spray; On the pvc pipe that is 4cm at diameter, control valve is installed, can controls spray by control valveThe flow velocity of water and flow; In the small opening of cultivating Tong Tongdi center, assigned pvc pipe, its pipe range is for cultivating70% of bucket height; In the time that the water level of cultivation bucket exceeds this pipe, from then on water overflow in pipe, can by this pipeControl the water level of cultivating bucket; Pvc pipe is transferred to from small opening, can be cultivated cleaning and the blowdown of bucket;Cultivate the small opening at the osculum Wei Tongdi center of bucket, by pvc pipe, discharge water is guided in pollution discharge pond, rowThe sewage in dirty pond by probiotics processing and solar exposure and precipitation after, be more regularly incorporated into as waterThe pond in source.
(2) design and fabrication of grid:
Cylindrical mesh is made with 40 object Polyethylene nettings, and the diameter of grid is that 25cm, height are 30～40Cm; The Polyethylene netting at cylindrical mesh top is fixed on the annular iron wire loop with the same bore of grid circle cylinderUpper, so form the open top of grid.
(3) installation of grid:
Cylindrical cultivation bucket is in line, and the exceptionally straight rope that is furnished with above cultivation bucket, is cultivating bucketRope is fixed in the two ends of discharge; Cylindrical mesh is hung on rope to the master of cylindrical meshBody divides in the water that is placed in cultivation bucket, and the top of cylindrical mesh exceeds the water surface 10cm that cultivates bucket, everyBetween two grids, at a distance of 10--20cm, in each cultivation bucket, can place 5-7 cylindrical mesh.
(4) input of young eel:
Young eel is obtained by net cage artificial breeding mode, after finding that close eel is nested and laid eggs in net cage, thinThe heart is observed embryo's developmental state, when water temperature is during at 25 DEG C～28 DEG C, and after close eel nesting laid eggs the 10th dayTo the 12nd day, young eel hatched and yolk bag disappears not yet completely, or completely disappear but young eel also existBreed and in water hyacinth coring in net cage, assemble and while not spreading, with basin, coring is assembled to the water calabash that has young eelReed is pulled out, and rapidly water hyacinth is put into the cylindrical mesh of cultivating bucket, notices that this process do not shakeWater hyacinth, at the bottom of avoiding young eel to fall into basin, causes young eel injured or dead; In each cylindrical mesh, only throwPut with a brood of young eel or the consistent young eel of specification.
(5) cultivation of eel kind:
Young eel is rendered to after the cylindrical mesh of cultivating bucket, after young eel yolk bag disappears, starts the feed of throwing something and feeding,The feed of throwing is animal living bait water earthworm; At first 10 days of breeding phase, the young eel of every ten thousand tail was thrown something and fed every dayWater earthworm 500g; The 10th day to the 12nd day of breeding phase, the young eel of the every ten thousand tail water earthworm of throwing something and feeding every day1000g; The 20th day to the 30th day of breeding phase, the young eel of the every ten thousand tail water earthworm 2000g that throws something and feeds every day;Throw something and feed every day 3 times, i.e. early, middle and late throwing something and feeding respectively 1 time; While throwing something and feeding water earthworm, first place it in basinIn, dilute with water and stir with hand after, splash to water hyacinth blade face, the then water blade face of splashing,It is dropped on water hyacinth coring; Cultivate after 30 days, throw something and feed every day 1 time, in every afternoon 5Time after throw something and feed, feeding volume is thrown something and fed according to 8%～10% of seedling body weight; Until mid-November, water temperature is lower than 15 DEG CIn time, stops throwing something and feeding.
(6) management of cultivating:
The management that miniflow water circulation type grid is cultivated is that current regulate and periodical blowdown; Discharge is for cultivating bucketDay circulation 2-3 time, blowdown every 7 days 1 time; Along with growing up of swamp eel individuality, should screen in time pointSupport, adjust density, prevent that swamp eel is little to gobble, divided every 30 days and support 1 time.
The present invention compared with prior art, the survival rate in swamp eel seed rearing process can bring up to 90%～95%, by the cultivation of 4～5 months, the individual specification of swamp eel on average can reach 8～10g, can be swamp eel ruleModelling cultivation provides in enormous quantities, high-quality large specification swamp eel seed, has extraordinary application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention:
Implementing the present invention, take Jianghan Plain as example, can carry out according to the following steps:
(1) preparation in cultivation pond:
Cultivation swamp eel seed pond is chosen in swamp eel and breeds near place, and area is at 1000m2Left and right, Chi Shen1.5m, mud 15cm at the bottom of pond. Throw in first 15 days at young eel seedling, with every mu of 75～100kg quick limeThoroughly clear pond.
(2) design of circulating miniflow wetting system and installation:
The equipment that miniflow water circulation type is cultivated swamp eel seed comprises cistern, cultivates bucket and water circulation system;
Cistern is built by the good pond of water quality, and at the bottom of its pond and the top of cultivating bucket is in same levelOr higher than the top of cultivating bucket; Its volume is to cultivate the more than 2 times of bucket volume summation; Dived by electronic in water sourceWater pump is fetched water from pond, water source; Be provided with autocontrol valve, when the water level of cistern is lower than 2/3 of pond peak levelTime, autocontrol valve is opened electric submersible pump water intaking automatically;
Cultivate the container that bucket is made for glass fibre, shape is cylindrical, and the diameter of bucket is 1.0m, Gao Wei0.5m; The bucket end, is ramped shaped by periphery Xiang Tongdi center, and the gradient is 5～10 degree, and Tong Di center is for alwaysThe small opening of footpath 4～5cm, is convenient to draining and blowdown;
Water circulation system is made up of water inlet pipe, drainpipe, control valve and pollution discharge pond, and water inlet pipe is diameter 10cmPvc pipe, be connected to each below of cultivating bucket from the bottom of cistern, then the PVC that is 4cm by diameterPipe is transferred to each top of cultivating bucket, and is connected with the sparge pipe parallel with cultivating inner bucket water face; Water sprayThe pvc pipe of Guan Weichang 70cm, the closed at both ends of pipe, is drilled with fine holes on the pipe whole body, is convenient to water spray;On the pvc pipe that is 4cm at diameter, control valve is installed, can by control valve control water spray flow velocity andFlow; In the small opening of cultivating Tong Tongdi center, assigned pvc pipe, its pipe range is to cultivate 70% of bucket height;Exceed this when pipe when cultivating the water level of bucket, from then on water overflow in pipe, can be controlled and be cultivated bucket by this pipeWater level; Pvc pipe is transferred to from small opening, can be cultivated cleaning and the blowdown of bucket; Cultivate the draining of bucketThe small opening at Kong Weitongdi center, guides to discharge water in pollution discharge pond by pvc pipe, and the sewage of pollution discharge pond is logicalCross after probiotics processing and solar exposure and precipitation, be more regularly incorporated into the pond as water source.
(3) design and fabrication of grid: according to the target that prevents that eel seedling from cutting one another's throat, intended diameter 25cm,The columniform grid of high 30～40cm, the bottom of cylindrical mesh and surrounding are 40 object Polyethylene nettingsMake, the Polyethylene netting at cylindrical mesh top is fixed on the annular iron wire with the same bore of grid circle cylinderOn circle, so form the open top of grid.
(4) installation of grid: several cylindrical cultivation buckets are along straight line and put into row, eachCultivate bung central authorities and spread a bamboo pole perpendicular with cultivating bucket direction arranged in a straight line, then along cultivating bucketPlacing direction is parallel exceptionally straight some ropes above bamboo pole, and the spacing of rope is 20cm, are cultivating bucket rowEmplacing two ends is fixed rope; The cylindrical mesh of making is placed between two parallel ropesAnd the iron wire opening at its top is fixed on to rope below, and the main part of cylindrical mesh is placed in cultivationIn the water of bucket and ensure that each grid top exceeds and cultivate about water surface 10cm, between every two gridsAt a distance of 20cm, in each cultivation bucket, can place 5-7 cylindrical mesh.
(5) input of young eel: young eel is obtained by net cage artificial breeding mode, when finding that close eel is at net cageAfter inside nesting and laying eggs, the careful embryonic development situation of observing, when water temperature is during at 25 DEG C～28 DEG C, builds close eelNest lay eggs after the 10th day to the 12nd day, young eel has hatched and yolk bag disappears not yet completely, or completeFull disappearance while diffusion but young eel is also assembled in the water hyacinth coring of breeding in net cage, with basin by coringAssemble and have the water hyacinth of young eel to pull out, and water hyacinth is put into cultivated net cage rapidly, note this process notShake water hyacinth, at the bottom of avoiding young eel to fall into basin, cause young eel injured or dead; Young eel is thrown in density controlBuilt in 4000～5000 tails/m2; Each net cage planted agent throws in the young eel that specification is consistent.
(6) cultivation of large specification eel kind: young eel is rendered to and cultivated after net cage, if young eel yolk bag does not disappearLose, after it disappears, start the feed of throwing something and feeding, if yolk bag disappears, within second day, start the feed of throwing something and feeding,The feed of throwing is animal living bait water earthworm; At first 10 days of breeding phase, the young eel of every ten thousand tail was thrown something and fed every dayWater earthworm 500g, the 10th day to the 20th day of breeding phase, the young eel of the every ten thousand tail water earthworm of throwing something and feeding every day1000g, the 20th day to the 30th day of breeding phase, the young eel of the every ten thousand tail water earthworm 2000g that throws something and feeds every day,Throw something and feed every day 3 times, i.e. early, middle and late throwing something and feeding respectively 1 time; While throwing something and feeding water earthworm, first place it in basinIn, dilute with water and stir with hand after, splash to water hyacinth blade face, the then water blade face of splashing,It is dropped on water hyacinth coring; Cultivate after 30 days, the number of times of throwing something and feeding every day only needs 1 time, oftenAfter when afternoon 5, throw something and feed, feeding volume is thrown something and fed according to 8%～10% of seedling body weight, and feeding method is the same; TreatStop throwing something and feeding when water temperature is lower than 12 DEG C mid-November.
(7) cultivating and managing: carry out daily O&E, adhere to sooner or later patrolling the pool; Often careful inspection boxWhether body, broken by the teeth by water rat, should repair in time as leaky; To regularly fish for too much water in net cageCucurbit, prevents that Eichhornia crassipes growth is excessively prosperous; Notice that pond SEA LEVEL VARIATION, particularly summer rain in torrents or heightWhen temperature arid, should adjust in time net cage position; Along with swamp eel individuality is grown up, should screen in time point and to support, adjustWhole density, prevents that swamp eel is little to gobble, and supports 1 time every 30 natural gift; And for ensureing eel seedling safe overwintering,The water hyacinth in net cage progressively will being replaced with to water peanut by the end of August every year, to mid-November swamp eel startWhile surviving the winter, in net cage, be all that water peanut covers.
Claims (4)
1. miniflow water circulation type grid is cultivated a method for swamp eel seed, it is characterized in that comprising following stepRapid:
(1) miniflow water circulation type is cultivated design and the installation of equipment:
The equipment that miniflow water circulation type is cultivated swamp eel seed comprises cistern, cultivates bucket and water circulation system;
Described cistern is built by the good pond of water quality, and at the bottom of its pond and the top of cultivating bucket is in sameHorizontal plane or higher than cultivate bucket top; Fetched water from pond, water source by electric submersible pump in water source;
Described cultivation bucket is cylindrical, and the diameter of bucket is 1.0m, and height is 0.5m; Bucket the end by periphery toTong Di center is ramped shaped, and Tong Di center is the small opening of a diameter 4～5cm;
Described water circulation system is made up of water inlet pipe, drainpipe, control valve and pollution discharge pond, and water inlet pipe isThe pvc pipe of diameter 10cm, is connected to each below of cultivating bucket from the bottom of cistern, then by diameterFor the pvc pipe of 4cm is transferred to each top of cultivating bucket, and be connected with to cultivate inner bucket water face parallelSparge pipe; Sparge pipe is the pvc pipe of long 70cm, and the closed at both ends of pipe is drilled with fine holes on the pipe whole body,Be convenient to water spray; On the pvc pipe that is 4cm at diameter, control valve is installed, can controls spray by control valveThe flow velocity of water and flow; In the small opening of cultivating Tong Tongdi center, assigned pvc pipe, its pipe range is for cultivating70% of bucket height; In the time that the water level of cultivation bucket exceeds this pipe, from then on water overflow in pipe; By pvc pipe fromIn small opening, transfer to, can cultivate cleaning and the blowdown of bucket; Cultivate the leakage at the osculum Wei Tongdi center of bucketHole, guides to discharge water in pollution discharge pond by pvc pipe;
(2) design and fabrication of grid:
Cylindrical mesh is made with 40 object Polyethylene nettings, and the diameter of grid is that 25cm, height are 30～40Cm; The Polyethylene netting at cylindrical mesh top is fixed on the annular iron wire loop with the same bore of grid circle cylinderUpper, so form the open top of grid;
(3) installation of grid:
Cylindrical cultivation bucket is in line, and the exceptionally straight rope that is furnished with above cultivation bucket, is cultivating bucketRope is fixed in the two ends of discharge; Cylindrical mesh is hung on rope to the master of cylindrical meshBody divides in the water that is placed in cultivation bucket, and the top of cylindrical mesh exceeds the water surface 10cm that cultivates bucket;
(4) input of young eel:
Young eel is obtained by net cage artificial breeding mode, after close eel is nested and laid eggs in net cage, observes embryoThe developmental state of tire, when water temperature is during at 25 DEG C～28 DEG C, after close eel nesting laid eggs the 10th day to the 12ndMy god, young eel has hatched and yolk bag disappears not yet completely, or completely disappear but young eel is also being bred netIn water hyacinth coring in case, assemble and while not spreading, with basin, coring being assembled has the water hyacinth of young eel to pull out,And rapidly water hyacinth is put into the cylindrical mesh of cultivating bucket, in each cylindrical mesh, only throw in sameThe young eel that the young eel of nest or specification are consistent;
(5) cultivation of eel kind:
Young eel is rendered to after the cylindrical mesh of cultivating bucket, after young eel yolk bag disappears, starts the feed of throwing something and feeding,The feed of throwing is animal living bait water earthworm; At first 10 days of breeding phase, the young eel of every ten thousand tail was thrown something and fed every dayWater earthworm 500g; The 10th day to the 12nd day of breeding phase, the young eel of the every ten thousand tail water earthworm of throwing something and feeding every day1000g; The 20th day to the 30th day of breeding phase, the young eel of the every ten thousand tail water earthworm 2000g that throws something and feeds every day;Throw something and feed every day 3 times, i.e. early, middle and late throwing something and feeding respectively 1 time; While throwing something and feeding water earthworm, first place it in basinIn, dilute with water and stir with hand after, splash to water hyacinth blade face, the then water blade face of splashing,It is dropped on water hyacinth coring; Cultivate after 30 days, throw something and feed every day 1 time, in every afternoon 5Time after throw something and feed, feeding volume is thrown something and fed according to 8%～10% of seedling body weight; Until mid-November, water temperature is lower than 15 DEG CIn time, stops throwing something and feeding;
(6) management of cultivating:
The management that miniflow water circulation type grid is cultivated is that current regulate and periodical blowdown; Discharge is for cultivating bucketDay circulation 2-3 time, blowdown every 7 days 1 time; Along with growing up of swamp eel individuality, should screen in time pointSupport, adjust density, prevent that swamp eel is little to gobble, divided every 30 days and support 1 time.
2. the method that a kind of miniflow water circulation type grid according to claim 1 is cultivated swamp eel seed,The volume that it is characterized in that described cistern is 2 times of cultivation bucket volume summation; Be provided with autocontrol valve,When the water level of cistern lower than pond peak level 2/3 time, autocontrol valve is opened electric submersible pump automaticallyWater intaking.
3. the method that a kind of miniflow water circulation type grid according to claim 2 is cultivated swamp eel seed,Cultivation bucket described in it is characterized in that is made up of glass fiber material, and a bucket end is oblique by periphery Xiang Tongdi centerSlope shape, the gradient is 5～10 degree.
4. the method that a kind of miniflow water circulation type grid according to claim 3 is cultivated swamp eel seed,It is characterized in that cylindrical mesh to be hung on rope, the main part of cylindrical mesh is placed in cultivates bucketWater in, between every two grids, at a distance of 10--20cm, in each cultivation bucket, can place 5-7 cylindersShape grid.
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| CN106386597A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-15 | 长江大学 | Device and method for culturing of whitman pipa seedlings by microflow water circulation type grid |
| CN109042399B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-09-28 | 长江大学 | In-situ cultivation method for finless eel fries |
| CN110692553A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-17 | 长江大学 | Intraspecific hybridization breeding method for improving growth speed of finless eels |
| CN112237158A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-19 | 简阳市大众养殖有限责任公司 | Industrial finless eel fry cultivation method |
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| IT1068186B (en) * | 1976-12-07 | 1985-03-21 | Ravagnan Gino | LAYER TANK PARTICULARLY FOR INTENSIVE BREEDING OF ANGUILLE. |
| DE3135653C2 (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1985-02-14 | Henn Dr. 2110 Buchholz Pohlhausen | Device for rearing soil-dwelling aquatic organisms |
| CN101331860A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-12-31 | 郑小非 | Method and device for culturing rice field eel |
| CN103004650B (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-04-23 | 长江大学 | Method for cultivating large-size eel fries |
| CN103181342A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-03 | 曹运山 | Ricefield eel culture method |
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Inventor after: Yang Daiqin Inventor after: Tian Guangming Inventor after: Ruan Guoliang Inventor after: Yuan Hanwen Inventor after: Su Yingbing Inventor after: Chen Fang Inventor after: Yang Xiaolin Inventor before: Yang Daiqin Inventor before: Ruan Guoliang Inventor before: Yuan Hanwen Inventor before: Su Yingbing Inventor before: Chen Fang Inventor before: Yang Xiaolin |
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