CN104334386B - 混合动力车辆 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104334386B
CN104334386B CN201380026849.XA CN201380026849A CN104334386B CN 104334386 B CN104334386 B CN 104334386B CN 201380026849 A CN201380026849 A CN 201380026849A CN 104334386 B CN104334386 B CN 104334386B
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China
Prior art keywords
electrical motor
motor
exhaust channel
oil pump
variable
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CN201380026849.XA
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CN104334386A (zh
Inventor
铃木隆文
大礒桂一
星野谷武
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2012117618A external-priority patent/JP5404852B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2012194331A external-priority patent/JP5600713B2/ja
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Publication of CN104334386A publication Critical patent/CN104334386A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K13/00Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
    • B60K13/04Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning exhaust
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405Housings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/448Electrical distribution type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
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    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • F01N2340/04Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of an exhaust pipe, manifold or apparatus in relation to vehicle frame or particular vehicle parts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明提供一种混合动力车辆。在混合动力车辆(3)中,后轮驱动装置(1)配置在车辆(3)的前后方向上比内燃机(4)靠后方的位置,排气通路(80)从内燃机(4)向车辆(3)的后方延伸,并且以围绕如下四个平面的方式配置,所述四个平面分别是:穿过外壳(11)的前端且与车辆(3)的前后方向正交的第一平面(S1);穿过外壳(11)的后端且与车辆(3)的前后方向正交的第二平面(S2);穿过外壳(11)的左端且与车辆(3)的左右方向正交的第三平面(S3);穿过外壳(11)的右端且与车辆(3)的左右方向正交的第四平面(S4)。

Description

混合动力车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合动力车辆,尤其是涉及具备内燃机、以及具有电动机且与内燃机分离配置的驱动装置的混合动力车辆。
背景技术
在利用内燃机驱动前轮而利用电动马达驱动后轮的混合动力车辆中,考虑有如下所述的技术方案:从内燃机沿着车辆的前后方向延伸的排气管将燃料箱夹在中间而配置在与蓄电装置及动力驱动单元相反的一侧,从而抑制排气管的热量对蓄电装置、动力驱动单元、冷却系统等造成的负面影响(例如,参照专利文献1)。
另外,一直以来,在专利文献2所记载的车辆100中,如图11所示,将从发动机101产生的动力经由变速器103而向前轮FR、FL传递以驱动前轮FR、FL,后轮RR、RL由分别内置于其中的马达MRR、MRL驱动。马达MRR、MRL是所谓的内车轮马达,具备牵引马达、冷却机构102、减速机构等,冷却机构102具备均未图示的冷却用润滑油、油泵及油冷却器等,当需要对牵引马达进行冷却时,适当地控制冷却用润滑油的供给量而进行冷却。另外,用于排出来自发动机101的废气的排气管104从在车辆前方搭载的发动机101向车辆后方延伸,在车辆后部向左右分支。当排气管104的温度变为高温时,对马达MRR、MRL的温度或冷却性能造成影响,因此根据发动机101的发热量而控制冷却用润滑油向马达MRR、MRL的供给量。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2002-144888号公报(图2)
专利文献2:日本特开2011-97706号公报
发明概要
发明要解决的课题
然而,在混合动力车辆中,当在极低温状态下使用时,假定对电动马达进行暖机。在专利文献1所记载的混合动力车辆中,根据上述配置,排气管相对于电动马达与差动差速器接近配置,但不考虑基于排气管的热量的升温效果,期望在获得足够的升温效果方面得到进一步的改善。
另外,在专利文献2的车辆100中,当在车辆行驶中利用排气管104的热量来进行冷却机构102所具备的油泵的升温时,行驶风直接与油泵接触,因此不仅难以获得升温效果,还可能因过度冷却而导致油泵的阻力增大。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于所述课题而完成的,其目的在于,提供一种能够利用穿过排气路径的废气的热量来使具有电动机的驱动装置高效地升温的混合动力车辆。
解决方案
为了实现上述目的,技术方案1所涉及的发明是一种混合动力车辆(例如,后述的实施方式中的车辆3),其具有:
内燃机(例如,后述的实施方式中的内燃机4);
供该内燃机的废气穿过的排气通路(例如,后述的实施方式中的排气通路80);以及
驱动装置(例如,后述的实施方式中的后轮驱动装置1),其具有与车辆的车轮(例如,后述的实施方式中的左右后轮LWR、RWr)连接为能够进行动力传递的第一电动机及第二电动机(例如,后述的实施方式中的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B)和收容该第一电动机及第二电动机的壳体(例如,后述的实施方式中的外壳11),并且该驱动装置与所述内燃机分离配置,
所述混合动力车辆的特征在于,
所述驱动装置在所述车辆的前后方向上配置在比所述内燃机靠后方的位置,
所述排气通路从所述内燃机向所述车辆的后方延伸,并且以围绕以下所述的四个平面的方式配置,
所述四个平面分别是:穿过所述壳体的前端且与所述车辆的前后方向正交的第一平面(例如,后述的实施方式中的第一平面S1);穿过所述壳体的后端且与所述车辆的前后方向正交的第二平面(例如,后述的实施方式中的第二平面S2);穿过所述壳体的左端且与所述车辆的左右方向正交的第三平面(例如,后述的实施方式中的第三平面S3);穿过所述壳体的右端且与所述车辆的左右方向正交的第四平面(例如,后述的实施方式中的第四平面S4)。
需要说明的是,在本发明中,排气通路围绕第一平面至第四平面是指,形成为包围各平面的至少一部分即可,即,排气通路只要具有与各平面的至少一部分对置的部分即可。
技术方案2所涉及的发明在技术方案1的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述排气通路将一端侧与所述内燃机连接,并且包括第一排气通路(例如,后述的实施方式中的第一排气通路81A)和第二排气通路(例如,后述的实施方式中的第二排气通路81B),
第一排气通路穿过在所述第一电动机及第二电动机的排列方向上所述第一电动机的相对于所述第二电动机远离的一侧,
第二排气通路穿过在该排列方向上所述第二电动机的相对于所述第一电动机远离的一侧。
技术方案3所涉及的发明在技术方案2的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述第一排气通路与所述第二排气通路在比所述第一平面接近所述内燃机的一侧具备共用部(例如,后述的实施方式中的共用部89),该共用部形成供所述第一排气通路及第二排气通路共用的流路,
所述共用部配置在与假想平面(例如,后述的实施方式中的假想平面P)交叉的位置,该假想平面与所述第一电动机及第二电动机的排列方向正交,且位于距所述第一电动机及第二电动机等距离的位置。
技术方案4所涉及的发明在技术方案3的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述混合动力车辆还具备配置在所述驱动装置的外表面(例如,后述的实施方式中的前方侧面11f)且能够从所述排气通路受热的油泵(例如,后述的实施方式中的油泵70),
所述油泵配置在所述共用部的后方水平投影区域(例如,后述的实施方式中的后方水平投影区域P1)。
技术方案5所涉及的发明在技术方案4的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述排气通路、所述油泵及所述驱动装置在所述前后方向上从前方依次配置。
技术方案6所涉及的发明在技术方案4或5的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面(例如,后述的实施方式中的前表面70a)与所述排气通路彼此对置地配置。
技术方案7所涉及的发明在技术方案4至6中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
位于比所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面在所述前后方向上靠近前方侧的位置的所述排气通路的至少一部分,配置在比所述油泵的铅垂方向最下表面(例如,后述的实施方式中的铅垂方向最下面L)靠下侧的位置。
技术方案8所涉及的发明在技术方案7的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述排气通路在比所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面在所述前后方向上靠近前方侧的位置处,以使接近所述油泵的一侧比接近所述内燃机的一侧靠铅垂方向下方的方式相对于所述前后方向倾斜地形成。
技术方案9所涉及的发明在技术方案4至8中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面(例如,后述的实施方式中的前表面70a)具有与所述前后方向正交的平面而形成。
技术方案10所涉及的发明在技术方案4至9中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
在所述排气通路上的、在所述前后方向上比所述油泵靠前方侧设有扩径部(例如,后述的实施方式中的扩径部88),该扩径部是通过将所述排气通路在径向上增大而成的,
所述油泵除了配置在所述共用部的后方水平投影区域以外,还配置在所述扩径部的后方水平投影区域(例如,后述的实施方式中的后方水平投影区域P2)。
技术方案11所涉及的发明在技术方案4至10中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述油泵配置在所述排气通路的上方铅垂投影区域(例如,后述的实施方式的上方铅垂投影区域P3)的外侧。
技术方案12所涉及的发明在技术方案11的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述油泵由电驱动的电动油泵构成。
技术方案13所涉及的发明在技术方案2至12中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述内燃机配置在与假想平面交叉的位置,该假想平面与所述第一电动机及第二电动机的排列方向正交,且位于距所述第一电动机及第二电动机等距离的位置。
技术方案14所涉及的发明在技术方案1至13中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述驱动装置除了具备所述第一电动机及第二电动机以外,还具备第一变速机及第二变速机(例如,后述的实施方式中的第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B),
所述第一电动机和所述第一变速机与所述车辆的左车轮(例如,后述的实施方式中的左后轮LWr)连接为能够进行动力传递,
所述第二电动机和所述第二变速机与所述车辆的右车轮(例如,后述的实施方式中的右后轮RWr)连接为能够进行动力传递,
所述第一电动机在所述左右方向上配置于左侧,所述第二电动机在所述左右方向上配置于右侧,
所述第一变速机及第二变速机在所述左右方向上配置于所述第一电动机及第二电动机的内侧。
技术方案15所涉及的发明在技术方案14的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述第一电动机、所述第一变速机、所述第二电动机、及所述第二变速机的各旋转轴线配置在同一轴线(例如,后述的实施方式中的轴线x)上,
所述第一变速机配置在所述第一电动机与所述左车轮的动力传递路径上,
所述第二变速机配置在所述第二电动机与所述右车轮的动力传递路径上,
所述第一电动机与所述第一变速机的动力传递路径具有中空构造(例如,后述的实施方式中的圆筒轴16A),
所述第一变速机与所述左车轮的动力传递路径穿过所述中空构造的内部,
所述第二电动机与所述第二变速机的动力传递路径具有另一中空构造(例如,后述的实施方式中的圆筒轴16B),
所述第二变速机与所述右车轮的动力传递路径贯穿所述另一中空构造的内部。
技术方案16所涉及的发明在技术方案15的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述第一变速机及第二变速机是行星齿轮机构。
技术方案17所涉及的发明在技术方案14至16中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述第一变速机及第二变速机是通过将构成所述第一变速机及第二变速机的至少一个部件彼此连结而形成的。
技术方案18所涉及的发明在技术方案1至17中任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述排气通路在全长范围内与所述壳体隔开间隙地配置。
技术方案19所涉及的发明在技术方案1至18中的任一者的结构的基础上,其特征在于,
所述内燃机与所述车辆的车轮连接为能够进行动力传递。
发明效果
根据技术方案1的发明,以围绕壳体的周围4面的方式配置排气通路。由此,利用排气通路的热量从四方对壳体进行加温,从而能够实现收容在壳体内的第一电动机及第二电动机的升温。
根据技术方案2的发明,第一排气通路与第二排气通路并列地配置在驱动装置的第一电动机侧与第二电动机侧。由此,与将第一排气通路与第二排气通路串联地配置在驱动装置的第一电动机侧与第二电动机侧的情况相比,能够在减小第一电动机与第二电动机在排列方向上的受热量差的同时对壳体进行加温。
根据技术方案3的发明,以距第一电动机及第二电动机等距离地在比第一电动机及第二电动机接近内燃机的一侧配置共用部,因此能够使第一电动机及第二电动机的受热量均匀。
根据技术方案4的发明,油泵配置在共用部的后方水平投影区域。由此,在车辆行驶时,由排气通路的热量加温后的行驶风向后方流动而与油泵接触,从而能够有效地使油泵升温,并且,在车辆停车时,排气通路的热沿着铅垂方向上升,因此能够防止过度的热量向油泵传递。
根据技术方案5的发明,不在油泵的前方侧配置驱动装置,能够防止因驱动装置遮挡来自排气通路的热量而对油泵的升温造成妨碍的情况。
根据技术方案6的发明,排气通路与油泵不使其他构件介于其间地彼此对置进行配置,因此不会因其他构件而遮挡排气通路的热量,从而能够将来自排气通路的热量可靠地向油泵传递。
根据技术方案7的发明,在车辆行驶时,由排气通路的热量升温后的行驶风一边向后方流动一边上升,因此与排气通路配置在比油泵的铅垂方向最下面靠上侧的位置的情况相比,能够接受油泵的热量的部分增加,从而能够高效地使油泵整体升温。
根据技术方案8的发明,与排气通路水平地形成的情况相比,能够增大排气通路的后方水平投影区域,另外,与以远离油泵的一侧成为下方的方式倾斜形成的情况相比,能够从油泵的下侧承受由排气通路升温而上升的行驶风,从而能够高效地使油泵升温。
根据技术方案9的发明,由排气通路升温后的行驶风与油泵的前表面接触,能够更高效地进行油泵的升温。
根据技术方案10的发明,能够利用共用部及扩径部这两者的热量来加热油泵。
根据技术方案11的发明,不在排气通路的上方配置油泵,在车辆停车中,从排气通路朝向铅垂上方上升的热量不与油泵碰撞。因而,能够防止在车辆停车中油泵过热而导致油的粘度极度降低的情况。
根据技术方案12的发明,在车辆停车中油泵不被直接加热,从而能够防止因过热而导致油泵的电动机本身的性能降低的情况。
根据技术方案13的发明,内燃机配置在驱动装置的中分平面上,因此能够使第一排气通路及第二排气通路的长度大致相同,从而能够使第一电动机及第二电动机的受热量变得均匀。
根据技术方案14的发明,第一电动机及第二电动机沿着左右方向排列配置,因此与沿着前后方向排列配置的情况相比,能够将受热量的差抑制得较小,第一电动机及第二电动机能够均等受热。
另外,一般来讲,电动机的每单位空间存在的部件比变速机多。在壳体内,每单位空间存在的部件较多的电动机配置在左右方向外侧,因此能够高效地接受来自排气通路的热量。
根据技术方案15的发明,利用中空构造使4个旋转体的旋转轴线一致,从而能够抑制壳体的径向的长大化。另外,能够使从排气通路距第一电动机及第二电动机的距离均等,因此还能够使受热量均匀化。
根据技术方案16的发明,通过使用行星齿轮机构,能够以紧凑的结构赋予较大的减速比。
根据技术方案17的发明,第一变速机及第二变速机的构成部件将与壳体相接的面积比变速机多的第一电动机及第二电动机间连结起来。由此,能够在第一电动机及第二电动机之间实现热量的移动,从而能够防止仅一方过热。
根据技术方案18的发明,排气通路在全长范围内不与驱动装置有任何接触,由此不具备直接的导热关系。由此,能够防止因驱动装置过度受热而导致第一电动机及第二电动机过热的情况。
根据技术方案19的发明,与加温壳体的排气通路连接的内燃机成为车辆的驱动源。由此,能够利用在产生车辆的驱动力时的内燃机的热量来实现电动机的升温,无需配置加热器等其他构件。
附图说明
图1是本发明的第一实施方式所涉及的混合动力车辆的简要结构图。
图2是后轮驱动装置的纵向剖视图。
图3是图2所示的后轮驱动装置的上部的局部放大剖视图。
图4是从前方斜下方观察的后轮驱动装置的立体图。
图5是表示排气通路与后轮驱动装置的配置的左侧视图。
图6是表示排气通路与后轮驱动装置的配置的主视图。
图7是表示后轮驱动装置及排气通路的配置的仰视图。
图8是第一实施方式的变形例的混合动力车辆的简要结构图。
图9是表示第二实施方式的后轮驱动装置及排气通路的配置的仰视图。
图10中,(a)~(c)是本发明的另一变形例所涉及的混合动力车辆的简要图。
图11是现有的车辆的简要图。
具体实施方式
以下,作为本发明的一实施方式,基于附图对具有配置在车辆前部的内燃机和与内燃机分离而配置在车辆后部的驱动装置的混合动力车辆进行说明。
(第一实施方式)
如图1所示,本实施方式的混合动力车辆3在车辆前部具有内燃机4和电动机5串联连接而成的驱动装置6(以下,称作前轮驱动装置),该前轮驱动装置6的动力经由变速器7而传递至前轮Wf,另一方面,与该前轮驱动装置6不同地,在车辆后部设置的驱动装置1(以下,称作后轮驱动装置)的动力传递至后轮Wr(RWr、LWr)。后轮驱动装置1具备第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B,第一电动机2A的动力传递至左后轮LWr,第二电动机2B的动力传递至右后轮RWr。
前轮驱动装置6的电动机5与后轮驱动装置1的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B经由PDU(动力驱动单元)8而与蓄电池9连接,借助PDU8来进行来自蓄电池9的电力供给和向蓄电池9的能量再生。PDU8与ECU90连接而被控制。
因而,如图1所示,后轮驱动装置1在车辆3的前后方向上配置在比内燃机4靠后方的位置。另外,与车辆的前轮Wf连接为能够进行动力传递的内燃机4配置在与假想平面P交叉的位置,该假想平面P与第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的排列方向正交,且位于距第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B等距离的位置。
图2是表示后轮驱动装置1的整体的纵向剖视图,图3是图2的上部的局部放大剖视图。作为后轮驱动装置1的壳体的外壳11由配置在车宽方向(以下,称作车辆的左右方向)大致中央部的中央外壳11M、以夹着中央外壳11M的方式配置在中央外壳11M的左右的左侧方外壳11A及右侧方外壳11B构成,整体形成为大致圆筒状。在外壳11的内部收容有:后轮Wr用的车轴10A、10B;车轴驱动用的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B;作为对该电动机2A、2B的驱动旋转进行减速的第一变速机及第二变速机的第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B。第一行星齿轮式减速机12A配置在第一电动机2A与左后轮LWr的动力传递路径上,第二行星齿轮式减速机12B配置在第二电动机2B与右后轮RWr的动力传递路径上。车轴10A、第一电动机2A及第一行星齿轮式减速机12A与左后轮LWr连接为能够进行动力传递,并驱动控制左后轮LWr。另外,车轴10B、第二电动机2B及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B与右后轮RWr连接为能够进行动力传递,并驱动控制右后轮RWr。
第一电动机2A、第一行星齿轮式减速机12A、第二电动机2B、及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B的各旋转轴线在同一轴线x上各自排列地配置。第一电动机2A与第一行星齿轮式减速机12A从车辆3的左右方向外侧依次配置。另外,第二电动机2B与第二行星齿轮式减速机12B从车辆3的左右方向外侧依次配置。因而,第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B配置在第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B的外侧。而且,车轴10A、第一电动机2A及第一行星齿轮式减速机12A、车轴10B、第二电动机2B及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B以在车宽方向上左右对称的方式配置在外壳11内。
在侧方外壳11A、11B的中央外壳11M侧分别设有朝向径向内侧延伸的隔壁18A、18B,在侧方外壳11A、11B与隔壁18A、18B之间分别配置有第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B。另外,在中央外壳11M与隔壁18A、18B所围起的空间配置有第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B。需要说明的是,如图2所示,在本实施方式中,左侧方外壳11A与中央外壳11M构成收容第一电动机2A及第一行星齿轮式减速机12A的第一外壳11L,另外,右侧方外壳11B与中央外壳11M构成收容第二电动机2B及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B的第二外壳11R。而且,第一外壳11L具有用于贮存供第一电动机2A和动力传递路径中的至少一方的润滑及/或冷却用的油(以下,也称作“润滑油”)的左贮存部RL,第二外壳11R具有用于贮存供第二电动机2B和动力传递路径中的至少一方的润滑及/或冷却用的油的右贮存部RR。
在后轮驱动装置1设有将外壳11的内部与外部连通的通气装置40,为了避免内部的空气过度地成为高温/高压,使内部的空气经由通气室41而向外部放出。通气室41配置在外壳11的铅垂方向上部且由如下所述的空间构成,所述空间由如下构件形成:中央外壳11M的外壁;在中央外壳11M内向左侧方外壳11A侧大致水平地延伸设置的第一圆筒壁43;向右侧方外壳11B侧大致水平地延伸设置的第二圆筒壁44;将第一圆筒壁43及第二圆筒壁44的内侧端部彼此连结起来的左右分割壁45;以与第一圆筒壁43的左侧方外壳11A侧前端部抵接的方式安装的隔板47A;以与第二圆筒壁44的右侧方外壳11B侧前端部抵接的方式安装的隔板47B。
形成通气室41的下表面的第一圆筒壁43及第二圆筒壁44与左右分割壁45中,第一圆筒壁43位于比第二圆筒壁44靠径向内侧的位置,左右分割壁45从第二圆筒壁44的内侧端部起缩径且弯曲,并且延伸设置到第一圆筒壁43的内侧端部为止,进而向径向内侧延伸设置而到达大致水平地延伸设置的第三圆筒壁46。第三圆筒壁46位于比第一圆筒壁43与第二圆筒壁44的两外侧端部靠内侧且其大致中央的位置。
在中央外壳11M固定有隔板47A、47B,以便从行星齿轮式减速机12A或行星齿轮式减速机12B之外分别划分出第一圆筒壁43与中央外壳11M的外壁之间的空间或第二圆筒壁44与中央外壳11M的外壁之间的空间。
另外,在中央外壳11M,将通气室41与外部连通的外部连通路49与通气室41的铅垂方向上表面连接。外部连通路49的通气室侧端部49a配置为指向铅垂方向下方。因而,能抑制油穿过外部连通路49而向外部排出。
第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B中,定子14A、14B分别固定于侧方外壳11A、11B,环状的转子15A、15B能够相对于定子14A、14B相对旋转地配置在该定子14A、14B的内周侧。在转子15A、15B的内周部结合有围绕车轴10A、10B的外周的圆筒轴16A、16B,该圆筒轴16A、16B以能够与车轴10A、10B同轴地相对旋转的方式借助轴承19A、19B而支承于侧方外壳11A、11B的端部壁17A、17B和隔壁18A、18B。即,在本实施方式中,第一电动机2A与第一行星齿轮式减速机12A的动力传递路径因圆筒轴16A而具有中空构造,构成第一行星齿轮式减速机12A与左后轮LWr的动力传递路径的车轴10A穿过该中空构造的内部。同样地,第二电动机2B与第二行星齿轮式减速机12B的动力传递路径通过圆筒轴16B而具有另一中空构造,构成第二行星齿轮式减速机12B与右后轮RWr的动力传递路径的车轴10B穿过另一中空构造的内部。另外,在圆筒轴16A、16B的一端侧的外周、即端部壁17A、17B处设有解析器20A、20B,该解析器20A、20B用于将转子15A、15B的旋转位置信息向电动机2A、2B的控制调节器(未图示)反馈。
另外,第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B具备:太阳轮21A、21B;与该太阳轮21啮合的多个行星齿轮22A、22B;支承这些行星齿轮22A、22B的行星架23A、23B;与行星齿轮22A、22B的外周侧啮合的齿圈24A、24B,从太阳轮21A、21B输入电动机2A、2B的驱动力,减速后的驱动力经由行星架23A、23B而向车轴10A、10B输出。
太阳轮21A、21B与圆筒轴16A、16B一体形成。另外,行星齿轮22A、22B是具有直接与太阳轮21A、21B啮合的大径的第一小齿轮26A、26B和直径比该第一小齿轮26A、26B小的第二小齿轮27A、27B的二级小齿轮,这些第一小齿轮26A、26B与第二小齿轮27A、27B在同轴且朝轴向上偏移的状态下一体形成。该行星齿轮22A、22B借助滚针轴承31A、31B而支承于行星架23A、23B的小齿轮轴32A、32B,行星架23A、23B的轴向内侧端部向径向内侧延伸且与车轴10A、10B花键嵌合而能够一体旋转地支承于车轴10A、10B,并且借助轴承33A、33B而支承于隔壁18A、18B。
齿圈24A、24B具备:其内周面与小径的第二小齿轮27A、27B啮合的齿轮部28A、28B;直径比齿轮部28A、28B小且在外壳11的中间位置处彼此对置配置的小径部29A、29B;将齿轮部28A、28B的轴向内侧端部与小径部29A、29B的轴向外侧端部在径向上连结的连结部30A、30B。
齿轮部28A、28B夹着在中央外壳11M的左右分割壁45的内径侧端部形成的第三圆筒壁46而在轴向上对置。小径部29A、29B构成为,其外周面分别与后述的单方向离合器50的内圈51花键嵌合,齿圈24A、24B以与单方向离合器50的内圈51一体旋转的方式彼此连结。
在行星齿轮式减速机12B侧且在构成外壳11的中央外壳11M的第二圆筒壁44与齿圈24B的齿轮部28B之间,构成相对于齿圈24B的制动机构的油压制动器60配置成在径向上与第一小齿轮26B重叠且在轴向上与第二小齿轮27B重叠。油压制动器60构成为,花键嵌合于第二圆筒壁44的内周面的多个固定板35与花键嵌合于齿圈24B的齿轮部28B的外周面的多个旋转板36在轴向上交互配置,这些板35、36借助环状的活塞37来进行紧固操作及释放操作。活塞37进退自如地收容于在中央外壳11M的左右分割壁45与第三圆筒壁46间形成的环状的工作缸室,进而借助支承于在第三圆筒壁46的外周面设置的支座38的弹性构件39而始终向释放固定板35和旋转板36的方向施力。
另外,更详细来说,左右分割壁45与活塞37之间设为供油直接导入的工作室S,当导入到工作室S的油的压力大于弹性构件39的作用力时,活塞37前进(右动),固定板35与旋转板36相互按压而进行紧固。另外,当弹性构件39的作用力大于导入到工作室S的油的压力时,活塞37后退(左动),固定板35与旋转板36分离而进行释放。需要说明的是,油压制动器60与油泵70连接。
在该油压制动器60的情况下,固定板35支承于从构成外壳11的中央外壳11M的左右分割壁45延伸的第二圆筒壁44,另一方面,旋转板36支承于齿圈24B的齿轮部28B,因此当两板35、36被活塞37按压时,因两板35、36间的摩擦紧固而向齿圈24B作用制动力,由此两板35、36被固定。当从该状态释放基于活塞37的紧固时,允许齿圈24B的自由旋转。需要说明的是,如上述那样,齿圈24A、24B彼此进行连结,因此通过油压制动器60紧固,也向齿圈24A作用制动力,由此齿圈24A、24B被固定,通过油压制动器60释放,齿圈24A也被允许自由旋转。
另外,在轴向上对置的齿圈24A、24B的连结部30A、30B间也确保空间部,在该空间部内配置有相对于齿圈24A、24B仅传递一方向的动力而遮断另一方向的动力的单方向离合器50。单方向离合器50在内圈51与外圈52之间夹有多个挡圈53,该内圈51通过花键嵌合而与齿圈24A、24B的小径部29A、29B一体旋转。另外,外圈52由第三圆筒壁46定位,并且无法转动。
单方向离合器50构成为在车辆3利用电动机2A、2B的动力前进时卡合以锁定齿圈24A、24B的旋转。更具体地说明时,单方向离合器50在电动机2A、2B侧的顺方向(使车辆3前进时的旋转方向)的旋转动力输入到车轮Wr侧时处于卡合状态,并且在电动机2A、2B侧的逆方向的旋转动力输入到车轮Wr侧时处于非卡合状态,在车轮Wr侧的顺方向的旋转动力输入到电动机2A、2B侧时处于非卡合状态,并且在车轮Wr侧的逆方向的旋转动力输入到电动机2A、2B侧时处于卡合状态。
如此,在本实施方式的后轮驱动装置1中,在电动机2A、2B与车轮Wr的动力传递路径上并列地设有单方向离合器50和油压制动器60。需要说明的是,油压制动器60根据车辆的行驶状态、单方向离合器50的卡合/非卡合状态,在从油泵70供给来的油的压力的作用下,控制为释放状态、弱紧固状态、紧固状态。例如,在车辆3因电动机2A、2B的再生驱动而前进时(低车速时、中车速时),单方向离合器50紧固,停车处于能够进行动力传递的状态,而油压制动器60控制为弱紧固状态,从而即使在来自电动机2A、2B侧的顺方向的旋转动力的输入暂时降低而单方向离合器50处于非卡合状态的情况下,也能够在电动机2A、2B侧和车轮Wr侧抑制成为不能动力传递的情况。另外,在车辆3因内燃机4及/或电动机5的再生驱动而前进时(高车速时),单方向离合器50处于非卡合状态,进而油压制动器60被控制为释放状态,由此能够防止电动机2A、2B的过旋转。另一方面,在车辆3的后退时、再生时,由于单方向离合器50处于非卡合状态,因此油压制动器60被控制为紧固状态,由此来自电动机2A、2B侧的逆方向的旋转动力输出到车轮Wr侧,或者车轮Wr侧的顺方向的旋转动力输入到电动机2A、2B侧。
在中央外壳11M的前方侧面11f固定有作为辅机的油泵70(参照图4、图5)。油泵70是例如余摆线泵,是由无位置传感器/无刷直流马达等未图示的电动机电驱动的电动油泵,吸引贮存于左右贮存部RL、RR的油,并经由在外壳11及车轴10A、10B等各机构部件设置的润滑流路71A、71B而对各部分进行润滑及冷却。在该油泵70的前后方向上指向前方的面、即前表面70a具有与前后方向正交的平面。
另外,如图4所示,后轮驱动装置1借助安装构件13A、13b而支承于副框架13,并借助该副框架13而固定在车辆3的底板(未图示)的下方。另外,也参照图7,在左侧方外壳11A及右侧方外壳11B的前方侧面11f分别设有第一连接器101A及第二连接器101B,该第一连接器101A及第二连接器101B用于将卷绕于定子14A、14B的定子绕组的3相线与从未图示的外部设备延伸设置的导电电缆103A、103B电连接。
此外,如图1所示,供内燃机4的废气穿过的排气通路80在一端侧与内燃机4连接而朝向车辆的前后方向后方延伸之后,向左右分支而穿过后轮驱动装置1的两侧地配置。即,如图4~图7所示,排气通路80具有:一端与内燃机4连接且朝向车辆后方延伸的共用通路82;与共用通路82连接且将排气通路80向左右方向分支的分支通路83;利用分支通路83分支而朝向后方延伸设置的第一排气通路81A及第二排气通路81B;以及扩径部88,其设置在共用通路82的中途且使排气通路80在径向上变大而成。需要说明的是,在本实施方式中,扩径部88设于形成共用通路82的配管的另一端,且与形成分支通路83的配管连接。
另外,在本实施方式中,共用通路82、扩径部88、分支通路83的分支为第一分支通路83a及第二分支通路83b之前的共用通路83c构成本发明的共用部89。
第一排气通路81A穿过在第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的排列方向上第一电动机2A的相对于第二电动机2B远离的一侧,第二排气通路81B穿过在该排列方向上第二电动机2B的相对于第一电动机2A远离的一侧。另外,共用部89在比第一排气通路81A和第二排气通路81B靠一端侧配置在与假想平面P交叉的位置,从而形成第一排气通路81A及第二排气通路81B的共用的流路。
如此构成的排气通路80以围绕外壳11的周围4面的方式配置。即,排气通路80以围绕如下所述的四个平面的方式配置,该四个平面分别是:穿过外壳11的前端且与车辆3的前后方向正交的第一平面S1;穿过外壳11的后端且与车辆3的前后方向正交的第二平面S2;穿过外壳11的左端且与车辆3的左右方向正交的第三平面S3;穿过外壳11的右端且与车辆3的左右方向正交的第四平面S4。
具体而言,第一排气通路81A具有:从分支通路83的第一分支通路83a连续地向左右方向外侧延伸且与第一平面S1对置的向外延伸部84a;从该向外延伸部84a向后方延伸且与第三平面S3对置的轴向延伸部85a;随着从轴向延伸部85a朝向后方而向左右方向内侧延伸且与第二平面S2对置的向内延伸部86a;以及从该向内延伸部86a进一步向左右方向外侧弯曲的弯曲部87a,并且第一排气通路81A穿过后轮驱动装置1的左侧而向后方延伸。
另外,第二排气通路81B也具有:从分支通路83的第二分支通路83b连续地向左右方向外侧延伸且与第一平面S1对置的向外延伸部84b;从该向外延伸部84b向后方延伸且与第四平面S4对置的轴向延伸部85b;随着从轴向延伸部85b朝向后方而向左右方向内侧延伸且与第二平面S2对置的向内延伸部86b;以及从该向内延伸部86b进一步向左右方向外侧弯曲的弯曲部87b,并且第二排气通路81B穿过后轮驱动装置1的右侧而向后方延伸。
由此,能够利用排气通路80的热量从四方对外壳11进行加温,从而能够实现收容在外壳11内的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的升温。另外,第一排气通路81A与第二排气通路81B并列地配置在后轮驱动装置1的第一电动机侧与第二电动机侧,因此能够在减小第一电动机2A与第二电动机2B的排列方向的受热量差的同时对外壳11进行升温。
此外,第一排气通路81A与第二排气通路81B在接近内燃机4的一侧具备共用部89,因此能够使第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的受热量均匀。
需要说明的是,为了防止后轮驱动装置1过度受热而导致电动机2A、2B过热,排气通路80在全长范围内与外壳11隔开间隙地配置。
另外,共用通路82、分支通路83及扩径部88配置于在前后方向上比固定于后轮驱动装置1的油泵70靠前方侧、即比油泵70的前表面70a靠前方侧的位置。因而,排气通路80的作为共用部89的共用通路82、扩径部88、及分支通路83、油泵70、后轮驱动装置1从前方依次配置,排气通路80的分支通路83、油泵70的前表面70a彼此对置地配置。
而且,如图6所示,油泵70配置在共用部89的后方水平投影区域P1,并且还配置在扩径部88的后方水平投影区域P2。即,当从前方观察时,油泵70的至少一部分以成为共用流路82、分支通路83的共用流路83c及扩径部88的影子的方式配置。另外,由此,如图6所示,油泵70以与穿过共用流路82(共用部89)的前后方向上的假想平面P交叉的方式配置。
另外,如图5所示,位于比油泵70靠前方侧的位置的排气通路80的分支通路83以接近油泵70的一侧(后方)成为比远离油泵70的一侧(前方)靠铅垂方向下方的位置的方式相对于前后方向倾斜。因此,在比油泵70靠前方侧的位置处,分支通路83的第一分支通路83a及第二分支通路83b、第一排气通路81A及第二排气通路81B的向外延伸部84A、84b位于比油泵70的铅垂方向最下表面L靠下侧的位置。
另外,如图7所示,油泵70以不与排气通路80的上方铅垂投影区域P3重叠的方式配置。油泵70以分离出可传递穿过排气通路80内的废气的热量的程度的距离的方式与排气通路80对置,且固定于后轮驱动装置1的前方侧面11f。
通过如此构成,如图4~图7所示,在车辆3的行驶中,与车辆行驶相伴的行驶风从车辆3的前方向后方流动,对后轮驱动装置1等进行冷却。另外,油泵70除了配置在共用部89的后方水平投影区域P1以外,还配置在扩径部88的后方水平投影区域P2,因此利用排气通路80来抑制来自前方的行驶风直接与油泵70接触,另一方面,供被共用部89及扩径部88的热量加热而向后方流动的行驶风抵接,能够使油泵70升温。因而,在油泵70内流动的油的粘度降低,由此能够减小油泵70的阻力并提高油耗性能。
另外,在分支通路83中,由于穿过分支通路83的废气的流速变缓,因此热量容易在分支通路83积蓄,从而能够释放出更多的热量。由此,能够更有效地升温油泵70。
另外,车辆3在停车中,由排气通路80升温的排气通路80周围的空气向铅垂上方流动,因此以不与排气通路80的上方铅垂投影区域P3重叠的方式配置的油泵70不被加热,从而能够防止油泵70的过热。
如以上说明那样,根据本实施方式所涉及的混合动力车辆3,具有内燃机4、供内燃机4的废气穿过的排气通路80、以及与内燃机4分离地配置的后轮驱动装置1,该后轮驱动装置1具有与左右后轮LWR、RWr连接为能够进行动力传递的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B、收容第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的外壳11。而且,后轮驱动装置1在车辆3的前后方向上配置在比内燃机4靠后方的位置,排气通路80从内燃机4向车辆3的后方延伸,并且以围绕如下所述的四个平面的方式配置,该四个平面分别是:穿过外壳11的前端且与车辆3的前后方向正交的第一平面S1;穿过外壳11的后端且与车辆3的前后方向正交的第二平面S2;穿过外壳11的左端且与车辆3的左右方向正交的第三平面S3;穿过外壳11的右端且与车辆3的左右方向正交的第四平面S4。由此,利用排气通路80的热量从四方对外壳11进行加温,从而能够实现收容在外壳11内的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的升温。
另外,排气通路80包括:一端侧与内燃机4连接且穿过在第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的排列方向上第一电动机2A的相对于第二电动机2B远离的一侧的第一排气通路81A;穿过在该排列方向上第二电动机2B的相对于第一电动机2A远离的一侧的第二排气通路81B。因而,第一排气通路81A与第二排气通路81B并列地配置在后轮驱动装置1的第一电动机侧与第二电动机侧,因此与将第一排气通路81A与第二排气通路81B串联地配置在后轮驱动装置1的第一电动机侧与第二电动机侧的情况相比,能够在减小该排列方向的受热量差的同时对外壳11进行加温。
此外,第一排气通路81A与第二排气通路81B在比第一平面S1靠接近内燃机4的一侧具备形成第一排气通路及第二排气通路共用的流路的共用部89,共用部89配置在与假想平面P交叉的位置,假想平面P与该排列方向正交,且位于距第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B等距离的位置。因而,以距第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B等距离且在比第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B靠接近内燃机4的一侧配置共用部89,因此能够使第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的受热量均匀。
另外,配置在能够从排气通路80受热的后轮驱动装置1的前方侧面11f的油泵70,配置在共用部89的后方水平投影区域P1,因此在车辆行驶时,被排气通路80的热量升温后的行驶风向后方流动而与油泵70接触,从而能够有效地使油泵70升温,并且在车辆停车时,由于排气通路80的热量朝向铅垂方向上方上升,因此能够防止过度的热量传递至油泵70。
此外,排气通路80、油泵70及后轮驱动装置1在前后方向上从前方依次配置,因此不在油泵70的前方侧配置后轮驱动装置1,从而能够防止后轮驱动装置1遮挡来自排气通路80的热量,并防止对油泵70的升温造成妨碍。
排气通路80与油泵70的前表面70a在其之间不夹有其他构件而彼此对置地配置,因此不会因其他构件来遮挡排气通路80的热量,从而能够将来自排气通路80的热量传递至油泵70。
位于在前后方向上比油泵70的前表面70a靠前方侧的位置的排气通路80的至少一部分将其下表面配置在比油泵70的铅垂方向最下表面L靠下侧的位置,因此在车辆行驶时,被排气通路80的热量加温的行驶风一边向后方流动一边上升。因而,与排气通路80的下表面配置在比油泵70的铅垂方向最下表面L靠上侧的位置情况相比,能够接受油泵70的热量的部分增加,从而能够高效地使油泵70整体升温。
排气通路80的分支通路83以接近油泵70的一侧成为比接近内燃机4的一侧靠铅垂方向下方的方式倾斜地形成,因此与排气通路80水平地形成的情况相比,能够增大排气通路80的后方水平投影区域P1,另外,与以远离油泵70的一侧成为下方的方式倾斜地形成的情况相比,能够从油泵70的下侧接受被排气通路80加温而上升的行驶风,从而能够高效地使油泵70升温。
油泵70的前表面70a具有与前后方向正交的平面,因此由排气通路80升温后的行驶风可靠地与油泵70的前表面70a接触,从而能够更高效地进行油泵70的升温。
油泵70除了配置在排气通路80的后方水平投影区域P1以外,还配置在扩径部88的后方水平投影区域P2,因此能够利用排气通路80及扩径部88这两者的热量来加温油泵70。另外,行驶风被扩径部88遮挡而不会直接与油泵70接触。
油泵70配置在排气通路80的上方铅垂投影区域的外侧,在排气通路80的上方不配置油泵70,因此在车辆停车中从排气通路80朝向铅垂上方上升的热量不会与油泵70接触。因而,能够防止因在车辆停车中油泵70过热而导致油的粘度极度降低。
油泵70是电驱动的电动油泵,由于在车辆停车中油泵70不被直接加热,从而能够防止因过热而导致的油泵70的电动机本身的性能降低。
除此之外,内燃机4配置在与假想平面P交叉的位置、即后轮驱动装置1的中分平面上,因此能够使第一排气通路81A及第二排气通路81B的长度大致相同,从而能够使第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的受热量均匀。
另外,后轮驱动装置1除了具备第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B以外,还具备第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B,第一电动机2A和第一行星齿轮式减速机12A与车辆3的左后轮LWr连接为能够进行动力传递,第二电动机2B和第二行星齿轮式减速机12B与车辆3的右后轮RWr连接为能够进行动力传递。而且,第一电动机2A在左右方向上配置于左侧,第二电动机2B在左右方向上配置于右侧,第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B在左右方向上配置于第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的内侧。即,第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B在左右方向上排列配置,因此与在前后方向上排列配置的情况相比,能够将受热量的差抑制得较小,由此,第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B能够均衡受热。
另外,一般来说,电动机2A、2B在单位空间存在的部件比行星齿轮式减速机12A、12B多,在本实施方式中,在外壳11内,在单位空间存在的部件多的电动机2A、2B配置在左右方向外侧,因此能够高效地接受来自排气通路80的热量。
此外,第一电动机2A、第一行星齿轮式减速机12A、第二电动机2B、及第二行星齿轮式减速机12的各旋转轴线配置在同一轴线x上,第一行星齿轮式减速机12A配置在第一电动机2A与左后轮LWr的动力传递路径上,第二行星齿轮式减速机12B配置在第二电动机2B与右车轮RWr的动力传递路径上。而且,第一电动机2A与第一行星齿轮式减速机12A的动力传递路径因圆筒轴16A而具有中空构造,构成第一行星齿轮式减速机12A与左后轮LWr的动力传递路径的车轴10A穿过中空构造的内部。另外,第二电动机2B与第二行星齿轮式减速机12B的动力传递路径因圆筒轴16B而具有另一中空构造,构成第二行星齿轮式减速机12B与右后轮RWr的动力传递路径的车轴10B穿过另一中空构造的内部。因而,利用中空构造而使四个旋转体的旋转轴线一致,从而能够抑制外壳11的径向的长大化。另外,由于能够使从排气通路80距第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的距离均等,因此还能够使受热量均匀化。
另外,作为第一变速机及第二变速机12A、12B而使用行星齿轮机构,由此能够以紧凑的结构赋予较大的减速比。
此外,第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B通过将齿圈24A、24B彼此连结而形成,因此第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B的齿圈24A、24B将同变速机12A、12B相比而与外壳11相接的面积多的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B间连结起来。由此,能够在第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B之间实现热量的移动,因此能够防止仅一方过热。
另外,排气通路80在全长范围内与外壳11隔开间隙地配置。即,排气通路80在全长范围内不与后轮驱动装置1有任何接触,由此不具备直接的导热关系。由此,能够防止后轮驱动装置1过度受热而导致第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B过热的情况。
另外,内燃机4与车辆3的前轮Wf连接为能够进行动力传递,与加温外壳11的排气通路80连接的内燃机4成为车辆3的驱动源。由此,利用产生车辆3的驱动力时的内燃机4的热量能够实现电动机2A、2B的升温,无需配置加热器等其他构件。
需要说明的是,如上述那样,油泵70优选配置在作为供更多的热量放热的共用部89的后方水平投影区域P1、作为占有面积大的扩径部88的后方水平投影区域P2的、后轮驱动装置1的前方侧面11f的左右方向中间部,但也可以是例如图8所示的变形例那样,油泵70配置在后轮驱动装置1的后方侧面11h。在该情况下,油泵70借助后轮驱动装置1而配置在排气通路80的后方水平投影区域。
上述的变形例的车辆3也在车辆3的行驶中借助由穿过排气通路80的废气加热后的行驶风来加温油泵70,在停车中防止油泵70的过热。
(第二实施方式)
接下来,参照图9对本发明的第二实施方式所涉及的混合动力车辆进行说明。需要说明的是,对与第一实施方式相同或同等的部分标注相同的附图标记,省略说明或简化说明。
本实施方式的排气通路80与第一实施方式的不同之处在于,第一排气通路81A与第二排气通路81B不具有共用通路82,另外,具备各自独立的扩径部88A、88b,与内燃机4的一端侧分别连接。
具体来说,第一排气通路81A具有:扩径部88a;从扩径部88a向左右方向外侧延伸的向外延伸部84a;从向外延伸部84a向后方延伸的轴向延伸部85a;随着从轴向延伸部85a朝向后方而向左右方向内侧延伸的向内延伸部86a;以及从向内延伸部86a进一步向左右方向外侧弯曲的弯曲部87a,第一排气通路81A穿过后轮驱动装置1的左侧而向后方延伸。
另外,第二排气通路81B具有:扩径部88b;从扩径部88b向左右方向外侧延伸的向外延伸部84b;从向外延伸部84b向后方延伸的轴向延伸部85b;随着从轴向延伸部85b朝向后方而向左右方向内侧延伸的向内延伸部86b;从向内延伸部86b进一步向左右方向外侧弯曲的弯曲部87b,第二排气通路81B穿过后轮驱动装置1的右侧而向后方延伸。
由此,本实施方式的排气通路80也以围绕如下所述的四个平面的方式配置,该四个平面分别是:穿过外壳11的前端且与车辆3的前后方向正交的第一平面S1;穿过外壳11的后端且与车辆3的前后方向正交的第二平面S2;穿过外壳11的左端且与车辆3的左右方向正交的第三平面S3;穿过外壳11的右端且与车辆3的左右方向正交的第四平面S4,因此能够利用排气通路80的热量来从四方对外壳11进行加温,从而能够实现收容在外壳11内的第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B的升温。
关于其他结构及作用,与第一实施方式相同。
需要说明的是,本发明并不局限于所述的实施方式,能够适当地加以变形、改进等。
在上述实施方式中,虽然对具有前轮驱动装置6和后轮驱动装置1的混合动力车辆进行了说明,该前轮驱动装置6在车辆前部具备内燃机4和电动机5,该后轮驱动装置1在与内燃机4分离的车辆后部具备第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B与第一行星齿轮式减速机12A及第二行星齿轮式减速机12B,但本发明只要具有供排气通路80连接的内燃机4、以及与内燃机4分离且具备第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B与外壳11的驱动装置即可,并不局限于此。
例如,如图10(a)所示,配置在车辆后部的驱动装置1也可以采用第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B与左右后轮LWR、RWr不经由第一变速机及第二变速机地连接为能够进行动力传递的结构。另外,如图10(b)所示,具有第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B与第一变速机12A及第二变速机12B的前轮驱动装置1a也可以采用与比该驱动装置1a靠前方的内燃机4分离地配置在车辆前部而驱动左右前轮LWf、RWf的结构。此外,如图10(c)所示,配置在车辆前部的前轮驱动装置1a也可以采用第一电动机2A及第二电动机2B与左右前轮LWf、RWf不经由第一变速机及第二变速机地连接为能够进行动力传递的结构。
另外,在本实施方式中,两个电动机2A、2B收容在一个外壳11内,但本发明并不局限于此,也可以设置不同的外壳而分别收容。
此外,本发明的排气通路80只要是包括与排气管连接的催化剂装置、消音器的结构即可,也可以是催化剂装置、消音器局部围绕第一平面至第四平面的结构。需要说明的是,本实施方式的扩径部88、88a、88b由催化剂装置构成。
另外,排气通路80只要是以围绕第一平面至第四平面的方式形成即可,并不局限于上述实施方式,根据壳体的形状、底板的下方的形状等而设计即可。
例如,在第一排气通路81A及第二排气通路81B中,轴向延伸部85a、85b在车辆的前后方向上以在与车轴10A、10B即轴线x交叉的位置附近最为鼓出的方式形成,但也可以沿着前后方向而形成为直线状。
参照详细且特定的实施方式对本发明进行了说明,但能够在不脱离本发明的主旨与范围的前提下加以各种变更、修正,这对于本领域技术人员来说不言自明。
需要说明的是,本发明是基于在2012年5月23日申请的日本专利申请(日本特愿2012-117618)及在2012年9月4日申请的日本专利申请(日本特愿2012-194331)的,并在此援引其内容。
附图标记说明:
1后轮驱动装置(驱动装置)
1a前轮驱动装置(驱动装置)
2A第一电动机
2B第二电动机
3混合动力车辆
4内燃机
11外壳(壳体)
11f前方侧面(驱动装置的外表面)
11h后方侧面(驱动装置的外表面)
12A第一行星齿轮式减速机(第一变速机)
12B第二行星齿轮式减速机(第二变速机)
16A、16B圆筒轴
70油泵(电动油泵)
70a油泵的前表面(油泵的在前后方向上指向前方的面)
80排气通路
81A第一排气通路
81B第二排气通路
82共用流路
83分支通路(分支部)
88、88a、88b扩径部
89共用部
L铅垂方向最下表面
P假想平面
x轴线
S1第一平面
S2第二平面
S3第三平面
S4第四平面

Claims (19)

1.一种混合动力车辆,其具有:
内燃机;
供该内燃机的废气穿过的排气通路;以及
驱动装置,其具有与车辆的车轮连接为能够进行动力传递的第一电动机及第二电动机和收容该第一电动机及第二电动机的壳体,并且该驱动装置与所述内燃机分离配置,
所述混合动力车辆的特征在于,
所述驱动装置在所述车辆的前后方向上配置在比所述内燃机靠后方的位置,
所述排气通路从所述内燃机向所述车辆的后方延伸,并且以围绕以下所述的四个平面的方式配置,
所述四个平面分别是:穿过所述壳体的前端且与所述车辆的前后方向正交的第一平面;穿过所述壳体的后端且与所述车辆的前后方向正交的第二平面;穿过所述壳体的左端且与所述车辆的左右方向正交的第三平面;以及穿过所述壳体的右端且与所述车辆的左右方向正交的第四平面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述排气通路将一端侧与所述内燃机连接,并且包括第一排气通路和第二排气通路,
所述第一排气通路穿过在所述第一电动机及第二电动机的排列方向上所述第一电动机的相对于所述第二电动机远离的一侧;
所述第二排气通路穿过在该排列方向上所述第二电动机的相对于所述第一电动机远离的一侧。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述第一排气通路与所述第二排气通路在比所述第一平面接近所述内燃机的一侧具备共用部,该共用部形成供所述第一排气通路及第二排气通路共用的流路,
所述共用部配置在与假想平面交叉的位置,该假想平面与所述第一电动机及第二电动机的排列方向正交,且位于距所述第一电动机及第二电动机等距离的位置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述混合动力车辆还具备配置在所述驱动装置的外表面且能够从所述排气通路受热的油泵,
所述油泵配置在所述共用部的后方水平投影区域。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述排气通路、所述油泵及所述驱动装置在所述前后方向上从前方依次配置。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面与所述排气通路彼此对置地配置。
7.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
位于比所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面在所述前后方向上靠近前方侧的位置的所述排气通路的至少一部分,配置在比所述油泵的铅垂方向最下表面靠下侧的位置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述排气通路在比所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面在所述前后方向上靠近前方侧的位置处,以使接近所述油泵的一侧比接近所述内燃机的一侧靠铅垂方向下方的方式相对于所述前后方向倾斜地形成。
9.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述油泵的在所述前后方向上指向前方的面具有与所述前后方向正交的平面而形成。
10.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
在所述排气通路上的、在所述前后方向上比所述油泵靠前方侧设有扩径部,该扩径部是通过将所述排气通路在径向上增大而成的,
所述油泵除了配置在所述共用部的后方水平投影区域以外,还配置在所述扩径部的后方水平投影区域。
11.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述油泵配置在所述排气通路的上方铅垂投影区域的外侧。
12.根据权利要求11所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述油泵由电驱动的电动油泵构成。
13.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述内燃机配置在与假想平面交叉的位置,该假想平面与所述第一电动机及第二电动机的排列方向正交,且位于距所述第一电动机及第二电动机等距离的位置。
14.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述驱动装置除了具备所述第一电动机及第二电动机以外,还具备第一变速机及第二变速机,
所述第一电动机和所述第一变速机与所述车辆的左车轮连接为能够进行动力传递,
所述第二电动机和所述第二变速机与所述车辆的右车轮连接为能够进行动力传递,
所述第一电动机在所述左右方向上配置于左侧,所述第二电动机在所述左右方向上配置于右侧,
所述第一变速机及第二变速机在所述左右方向上配置于所述第一电动机及第二电动机的内侧。
15.根据权利要求14所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述第一电动机的旋转轴线与所述第一变速机的旋转轴线配置在同一直线上,
所述第二电动机的旋转轴线与所述第二变速机的旋转轴线配置在同一直线上,
所述第一电动机及所述第一变速机的旋转轴线与所述第二电动机及所述第二变速机的旋转轴线配置在同一直线上,
所述第一变速机配置在所述第一电动机与所述左车轮的动力传递路径上,
所述第二变速机配置在所述第二电动机与所述右车轮的动力传递路径上,
所述第一电动机与所述第一变速机的动力传递路径具有中空构造,
所述第一变速机与所述左车轮的动力传递路径贯穿所述中空构造的内部,
所述第二电动机与所述第二变速机的动力传递路径具有另一中空构造,
所述第二变速机与所述右车轮的动力传递路径贯穿所述另一中空构造的内部。
16.根据权利要求15所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述第一变速机及第二变速机是行星齿轮机构。
17.根据权利要求14所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述第一变速机及第二变速机是通过将构成所述第一变速机及第二变速机的至少一个部件彼此连结而形成的。
18.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述排气通路在全长范围内与所述壳体隔开间隙地配置。
19.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,
所述内燃机与所述车辆的车轮连接为能够进行动力传递。
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