CN104333037B - Wind accumulation participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation - Google Patents
Wind accumulation participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation Download PDFInfo
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
A kind of wind accumulation participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, first the active power be given with electric power system dispatching according to wind energy turbine set operating condition, wind speed and the standby requirement of reactive power capacity, utilize Wind turbines hypervelocity to control and award setting, make wind accumulation reserve a part of active power with reactive power as power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation non-firm power.When power system frequency being detected or fluctuation occurs voltage, according to wind accumulation state, determine that wind accumulation needs active power and the reactive power size sent.Finally, with reference to the capacity limit of Wind turbines with energy storage, the situation of finally exerting oneself of Wind turbines and energy storage is determined.The present invention can realize wind accumulation and participate in system frequency and voltage-regulation, in the power system that wind-powered electricity generation permeability is higher, it is possible to configure with less stored energy capacitance, is effectively improved stability and the quality of power supply of power system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind energy turbine set close friend and access the control method of power system, participate in electric power particularly to a kind of wind accumulation
The cooperative control method of system frequency modulation and voltage modulation.
Background technology
Along with the low carbonization of China's energy resource structure adjusts, the proportion that the regenerative resource such as wind energy is occupied in China's energy resource structure is gradually
Increasing, the degree of the interaction between regenerative resource and power system is progressively strengthened.
Although the regenerative resources such as wind-powered electricity generation can solve the energy and environmental problem to a certain extent, but, when wind-powered electricity generation permeability relatively
Gao Shi, the safe and stable operation of power system can be brought certain impact by the access of wind-powered electricity generation.
The motive power of Wind turbines is wind energy, and wind energy makes the merit sent of Wind turbines due to the intermittence of wind and stochastic volatility
Rate is interval and fluctuation, and the wind energy access system of these fluctuations can bring impact to power system.Simultaneously as wind turbine
Group is asynchronous machine, if not being controlled by, while sending active power, needing to absorb certain reactive power, not utilizing system
The voltage stabilization of system.When wind-powered electricity generation permeability is relatively low, these impacts are inconspicuous, and along with the raising of wind-powered electricity generation permeability, wind energy is to electricity
The impact of Force system is gradually increased, and causes certain being stranded also to while bringing economic benefit to power system the operation of electrical network
Difficult.In the power system that wind-electricity integration proportion is bigger, owing to Power Output for Wind Power Field has incomplete controllability and expection property,
The distribution of original electric power system tide, circuit conveying power and the inertia of whole system can be changed to a certain extent, thus to electrical network
Meritorious, reactive power equilibrium, frequency and voltage stabilization create impact.When wind-electricity integration runs, particularly independent operating
Minor scale power net, power grid construction is the weakest, and network re-active power regulating power is less, and the grid stability that wind-electricity integration brings is asked
Topic becomes apparent from.Therefore, increasing Utilities Electric Co. requires that wind-power electricity generation at least can provide complementary as conventional power plant
Service.
But, wind-power electricity generation limits due to capacity and exciting current etc., when system provides power demand, merely with Wind turbines
Preferably regulating effect cannot be obtained.Energy storage device, due to its flexible controllability, coordinates Wind turbines to carry out power system electric energy matter
Amount improvement can play preferable effect.Therefore, for ensureing in the case of wind-powered electricity generation permeability progressively increases, power system is met
Quality of power supply requirement, is badly in need of finding out a kind of wind accumulation and participates in system frequency, the control method of voltage-regulation, to improve power train
System economy and reliability.
Chinese patent 201210477712.3 discloses a kind of wind accumulation control method, the rotor inertia of Wind turbines is responded,
Hypervelocity controls and pitch control is coordinated to get up to produce certain reserve, and the change of active response system frequency, meanwhile, from standby
Set out by the angle of volume metering, configure certain energy storage and make up deficiency and the change of Wind turbines self spare capacity, but should
Patent is primarily directed to the response to system frequency of the wind accumulation, the problem not accounting for voltage responsive, and voltage responsive needs are right
The control system of Wind turbines and energy storage carries out bigger adjustment, and to coordinate and the relation of frequency response control system.China
Patent CN101931241A discloses wind farm grid-connected coordination control method, utilizes Wind turbines rotor to participate in system frequency modulation, storage
The control method for frequency that energy system is coordinated by one order inertia wave filter with change oar, and by scheduling directly under wind energy turbine set
Reaching the voltage control method specifying idle index of exerting oneself, it is disadvantageous in that and does not takes into full account active power of wind power field and idle merit
Coordination during rate output, meanwhile, does not gives full play to the feature that energy storage device is the most controlled.In the power train that wind-powered electricity generation permeability is higher
In system, when the power system frequency of occurrences and voltage change, it is desirable to wind accumulation is real-time to stability of power system and the quality of power supply
Property is stronger, it is necessary to according to the real-time status of power system, fully take into account the regulating power of wind accumulation, guarantee power train
Reliable and the economical operation of system.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the active power output control only considering in prior art that wind energy turbine set is only involved in frequency regulation, with
And active power exports and lacks the problem of coordination between reactive power output, for the electric power system stability under wind energy turbine set high permeability
Qualitative and power quality problem, proposes a kind of wind accumulation and participates in the control method for coordinating of power system frequency voltage-regulation.This
Bright realize Wind turbines and energy storage device is actively engaged in the regulation of power system frequency and voltage, improve the access of wind-powered electricity generation further
And digestion capability.
The present invention is by the detection frequency of wind power integration side power system and voltage deviation and rate of change, wind speed, and according to tune
Degree instruction, according to modes such as the control of Wind turbines inertial response, hypervelocity control, award setting and energy storage device controls, makes wind
Group of motors exports specific active power with energy storage device, coordinates Wind turbines according to the available capability of wind speed and each control mode and is used to
Property response control, the control mode such as hypervelocity controls, award setting and energy storage device control；Meanwhile, by regulating wind power unit
Grid-connected side converter and the mode such as rotor excitation current, energy storage device realize reactive power output, according to wind speed and each control mode
Available capability coordinate reactive power output；Coordinate according to wind speed, wind accumulation state, POWER SYSTEM STATE and dispatch command etc.
Active power and the output of reactive power.
The present invention can make Wind turbines close friend access electrical network in the case of wind-powered electricity generation Thief zone, improve power system stability and
The quality of power supply；When the power system frequency of occurrences or voltage change, wind accumulation is made actively to provide certain gaining merit and reactive power
Support, be actively engaged in the regulation to mains frequency and voltage.
For achieving the above object, the coordination control strategy step of wind accumulation of the present invention participation power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation is as follows:
(1) gather power system frequency, information of voltage and wind farm wind velocity information, instruct according to electric power system dispatching simultaneously,
Form wind energy turbine set frequency modulation, pressure regulation spare capacity needs；
(2) according to wind speed and wind energy turbine set frequency modulation, pressure regulation spare capacity needs, the hypervelocity of Wind turbines is utilized to control and propeller pitch angle
Control, determine the initial active power of each typhoon group of motors, reactive power is exerted oneself and initial speed, initial propeller pitch angle, and storage
The state-of-charge of energy device；
(3) according to the real-time frequency departure of power system and rate of change information thereof, the frequency modulation demand that power system is current is determined；
The voltage deviation real-time according to power system and rate of change information thereof, determine the pressure regulation demand that power system is current；
(4) exert oneself situation according to Wind turbines, determine active power and idle merit that Wind turbines and energy storage device need to send
Rate size；
(5) combine Wind turbines capacity, exciting current limits and the real-time electric state of power system, determines that Wind turbines is gained merit
Power and reactive power are exerted oneself reference value；
(6) combine capacity of energy storing device to limit and the real-time electric state of power system, determine active power and the nothing of energy storage device
Merit power output reference value；
(7) reference value of Wind turbines active power and reactive power being exerted oneself is converted to Wind turbines rotating speed, propeller pitch angle, excitation
The parameters such as electric current input to Wind turbines, make Wind turbines complete the regulation to power system frequency and voltage；
(8) reference value of the active power of energy storage device and reactive power being exerted oneself inputs to energy storage device, makes energy storage device complete
To power system frequency and the regulation of voltage；
(9) after completing the regulation to power system frequency and voltage, according to step (1), step (2) recover Wind turbines and
Energy storage device frequency modulation and voltage modulation spare capacity.
Further, in described step (1), electric power system dispatching instruction refers to that electric power system dispatching root is according to power train tracking
Frequently wind energy turbine set each typhoon group of motors determined by demand and wind speed information reserves the active power of d% needs as frequency modulation spare capacity
Asking, d is 5%-10%.This frequency modulation spare capacity needs is controlled to provide with award setting by Wind turbines hypervelocity.
Further, in described step (2), the determination of the initial speed of each typhoon group of motors is relevant with wind speed, according to wind-powered electricity generation
Unit active power fan-out capability and power system frequency modulation stand-by requirement, wind speed is divided into threshold wind velocity section, low wind speed section, in
Wind speed section and high wind speed section 4 part.Wherein, threshold wind velocity section is for cutting wind speed to threshold wind speed, threshold wind velocity section Wind turbines
Active power fan-out capability is less, and rotation speed change is little on the output impact of Wind turbines active power；The low wind speed section upper limit is for utilizing
Hypervelocity controls to provide the wind speed of whole power system frequency modulation stand-by requirement；High wind speed section lower limit is for using MPPT maximum power point tracking
Time, Wind turbines rotating speed reaches wind speed during maximum (top) speed；Corresponding different wind speed, the initial speed of Wind turbines is different, initially
Rotational speed omega meets with wind speed relation:
In formula, RWFor Wind turbines radius, λ is the tip speed ratio that Wind turbines obtains when controlling according to MPPT maximum power point tracking,
λ ' for Wind turbines according to the active power of reserved d% as frequency modulation spare capacity needs time the tip speed ratio that obtains, vWind speedFor inspection
The Wind turbines wind speed measured, vThreshold wind speedFor the maximum wind velocity of threshold wind velocity section, vmid.inMinimum windspeed for middle wind speed section.
Further, in described step (2), according to wind speed and wind energy turbine set frequency modulation, pressure regulation spare capacity needs, utilize wind-powered electricity generation
The hypervelocity of unit controls and award setting, determines that the initial active power of each typhoon group of motors, reactive power are exerted oneself, initially turned
Propeller pitch angle fast, initial, and the state-of-charge of energy storage device；The wherein frequency modulation spare capacity needs of wind energy turbine set and each typhoon motor
Group initial active power exert oneself, initial speed, initial propeller pitch angle and energy storage device state-of-charge relevant, the pressure regulation of wind energy turbine set
The initial reactive power of spare capacity needs and each typhoon group of motors is exerted oneself relevant.
Wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs is controlled jointly to provide with award setting by the hypervelocity of each typhoon group of motors.Determining wind
After the hypervelocity of group of motors controls to undertake how many wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs respectively with award setting, can obtain corresponding to this
The initial speed of wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs and initial propeller pitch angle, and by initial speed and initial award setting wind turbine
Group sends initial active power.When wind speed is in threshold wind velocity section, Wind turbines uses MPPT maximum power point tracking to control, and ignores
Wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs；When low wind speed section, the wind energy turbine set frequency modulation that electric power system dispatching requires Wind turbines reserved is standby
All controlled to provide by the hypervelocity of Wind turbines with power；In middle wind speed section, frequency modulation non-firm power is preferentially by the hypervelocity of Wind turbines
Controlling to provide, insufficient section utilizes the award setting of Wind turbines to provide；In high wind speed section, Wind turbines uses permanent rotating speed control
System, frequency modulation non-firm power is provided by the award setting of Wind turbines.
Wind energy turbine set pressure regulation spare capacity needs is relevant with each typhoon group of motors adjustable reactive power nargin, and each typhoon group of motors can
The reactive power nargin of regulation is exerted oneself by each typhoon group of motors active power and each typhoon group of motors apparent energy together decides on, full
Foot:
In formula, QmaxFor each typhoon group of motors adjustable reactive power nargin, S is each typhoon group of motors apparent energy, and P is
Each typhoon group of motors active power is exerted oneself.
After determining that the initial active power of wind energy turbine set is exerted oneself according to wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs, can obtain gaining merit corresponding to this
The initial reactive power of wind energy turbine set of power output is exerted oneself；Energy storage device state-of-charge is relevant with wind speed, when wind speed is in threshold wind velocity
When section and low wind speed section, energy storage device state-of-charge should be made to be in higher level, when wind speed is in middle wind speed section with high wind speed section,
Can suitably reduce energy storage device state-of-charge level.
Further, described step (3) determines that the mode of power system frequency modulation demand is: when determining power system frequency modulation demand,
According to power system frequency deviation and rate of change thereof, controlled by inertia and droop control method realize:
In formula, Δ P is the active power that power system frequency modulation needs, and Δ f is the difference of power system real-time frequency and rated frequency,
KpfFor frequency modulation droop control coefficient, KdfFor frequency modulation inertial control system.
Further, described step (3) determining, the mode of power system pressure regulation demand is foundation power system voltage deviation,
Realized by droop control method:
Δ Q=K Δ U.
In formula, Δ Q is the reactive power that power system pressure regulation needs, and Δ U is the difference of power system real-time voltage and rated voltage,
K is pressure regulation droop control coefficient.
Further, in described step (4), Wind turbines and energy storage device need the active power sent to take with reactive power
Certainly in real-time status and the Power Systems demand of Wind turbines.Wind turbines need send active power, reactive power by
The initial active power of Wind turbines, reactive power are real-time with according to power system active power, reactive power demand and Wind turbines
The active power of conditions dictate Wind turbines additional issue, reactive power add and form；Energy storage device needs active power, the nothing sent
Active power, reactive power that merit power is issued additional by power system active power, reactive power demand and Wind turbines are subtracted each other and are obtained.
Further, the real-time electric state of power system in described step (5) and step (6) is according to the power train detected
System frequency departure divides with voltage deviation；
The frequency departure of power system is divided into tetra-kinds of situations of F1-F4, is respectively as follows:
F1:f >=50.5Hz, F2:50Hz≤f ＜ 50.5Hz, F3:48.5Hz≤f ＜ 50Hz, F4:f ＜ 48.5Hz
In formula, variable f refers to the power system real-time frequency detected；
The voltage deviation of power system is divided into tetra-kinds of situations of U1-U4, is respectively as follows:
U1:U≥1.3Uref, U2:1.0Uref≤ U ＜ 1.3Uref,U3:0.8Uref≤ U ＜ 1.0Uref, U4:U ＜ 0.8Uref
In formula, variable UrefReferring to power system rated voltage, U refers to the power system real-time voltage detected.
Frequency departure according to described power system and voltage deviation, be divided into following 16 by the real-time electric state of power system
Kind:
F4 ∩ U3=T1 F3 ∩ U3=T5 F4 ∩ U4=T9 F3 ∩ U1=T13
F4 ∩ U2=T2 F3 ∩ U2=T6 F4 ∩ U1=T10 F3 ∩ U4=T14
F1 ∩ U3=T3 F2 ∩ U3=T7 F1 ∩ U4=T11 F2 ∩ U1=T15
F1 ∩ U2=T4 F2 ∩ U2=T8 F1 ∩ U1=T12 F2 ∩ U4=T16
To the above-mentioned real-time electric state of various power systems, determined by Wind turbines active power and method for controlling reactive power such as
Under:
For electric state T1-T4, wind accumulation is preferentially utilized to carry out power system active power regulation；For electric state
T5-T12, in the case of meeting wind accumulation capacity limit, according to power system to active power and the demand of reactive power, presses
Ratio completes power system active power and regulates with reactive power；For electric state T13-T16, wind accumulation is preferentially utilized to enter
Row Power System Reactive Power regulates.
For the distribution of wind accumulation active power, preferentially utilize the active reserve capacity of Wind turbines self, when Wind turbines from
During the active reserve capacity deficiency of body, recycling energy storage device makes up the deficiency that active power is exerted oneself；Merit idle for wind accumulation
The distribution of rate, preferentially utilizes the reactive power reserve of Wind turbines self, when the reactive power reserve deficiency of Wind turbines self,
Recycling energy storage device makes up the deficiency that reactive power is exerted oneself.
The present invention combines dispatching requirement, regulates and controls wind energy turbine set from macroscopic perspective, coordinates the most controlled energy storage device simultaneously,
During the quality of power supply making wind accumulation be actively engaged in system adjusts, decrease wind field access the impact of power system and
Impact, provides the stability of wind-powered electricity generation Thief zone power system simultaneously.Beneficial effects of the present invention is, makes wind accumulation to join
With system frequency and voltage-regulation, it is ensured that in wind-powered electricity generation Thief zone power system, Wind turbines can effectively participate in system power
Quality optimization, has reliable, safety and the economical operation utilizing system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is control method block schematic illustration of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that in the present invention, hypervelocity controls power backup curve；
Fig. 3 is pitch control power backup block schematic illustration in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that in the present invention, initial speed and initial propeller pitch angle obtain schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 5 is frequency modulation power distribution stream journey schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is pressure regulation power distribution stream journey schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that in the present invention, electric state divides and selects schematic flow sheet, and wherein Fig. 7 a is the division flow process of electric state,
Fig. 7 b is the selection flow process of electric operating mode；
Fig. 8 is that the active power of Wind turbines in the present invention, reactive power reference qref determine mode schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 9 is that the active power of energy storage device in the present invention, reactive power reference qref determine method flow schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is to detect the power system schematic diagram that control strategy practicality is used in the present invention；
Figure 11 be wind accumulation of the present invention participate in system frequency voltage coordination control strategy under determining wind conditions, system has
Regulation situation during merit changed power, wherein Figure 11 a is that low wind speeds frequency regulates situation, and Figure 11 b is that middle wind speed time-frequency rate is adjusted
Joint situation, frequency regulation situation when Figure 11 c is high wind speed；
Figure 12 is present invention regulation situation under determining wind conditions, during the change of power system generation reactive power；Wherein Figure 12 a
For low wind speeds voltage-regulation situation, voltage-regulation situation when Figure 12 b is middle wind speed, voltage-regulation feelings when Figure 12 c is high wind speed
Condition；
Figure 13 be the present invention under determining wind conditions, regulation situation during three-phase metallicity fault at system generation bus；Wherein
Figure 13 a is low wind speeds voltage-regulation situation, voltage-regulation situation when Figure 13 b is middle wind speed, voltage when Figure 13 c is high wind speed
Regulation situation；
Figure 14 is present invention regulation situation under determining wind conditions, during power system generation line side three-phase metallicity fault；
Wherein Figure 14 a is low wind speeds voltage-regulation situation, and voltage-regulation situation when Figure 14 b is middle wind speed, when Figure 14 c is high wind speed
Voltage-regulation situation；
Figure 15 is present invention regulation situation in the case of actual wind speed, during the change of power system generation active power；Wherein scheme
15a is wind speed situation of change, and Figure 15 b is frequency situation of change, and Figure 15 c is that Wind turbines is exerted oneself situation, and Figure 15 d is energy storage
Device is exerted oneself situation.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system framework schematic diagram applying wind accumulation of the present invention to participate in system frequency voltage-regulation cooperative control method.Figure
V in 1Wind speedFor wind farm wind velocity；D% is the Wind turbines spare capacity percentage that electric power system dispatching is given, reserved frequency modulation
Spare capacity needs d is generally 5%-10%；Δ f is the power system frequency difference detected；Δ U is the power train detected
System voltage difference；To gaining merit and idle demand when Δ P, Δ Q are respectively POWER SYSTEM STATE change；Pwind.deload、
ωwind.deload、βwind.deloadBe respectively Wind turbines sends after off-load spare module active power and the rotor speed of correspondence,
Propeller pitch angle；QinitialFor the Wind turbines reactive power initial value corresponding to wind speed at that time.
As it is shown in figure 1, wind accumulation participates in power system frequency voltage-regulation cooperative control method relates generally to three control modules,
I.e. FM module, voltage regulating module and Collaborative Control module.FM module includes Wind turbines power backup module, frequency modulation demand merit
Rate judging section and frequency modulation power distribution module；Voltage regulating module includes pressure regulation demand power judging section and pressure regulation power distribution mould
Block；Collaborative Control module includes that Wind turbines active power, reactive power output reference value determines module and energy storage device wattful power
Rate, reactive power output reference value determines module.Described FM module and voltage regulating module are respectively used to determine the frequency of power system
Rate and voltage requirements, it is judged that wind accumulation carries out active power and the reactive power number of demand during electric power quality regulation
Value, it is contemplated that wind accumulation capacity limit and Wind turbines excitation limit, according to actual condition, final by Collaborative Control module
Determine the actual output of Wind turbines and the active power of energy storage device and reactive power.
Wind accumulation of the present invention participates in power system frequency voltage-regulation cooperative control method and comprises the following steps:
(1) according to obtaining wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs and wind field wind speed information at electric power system dispatching, wind-powered electricity generation is utilized
Unit hypervelocity controls and award setting, makes Wind turbines reserve a part of power as frequency modulation non-firm power.In view of wind speed not
Meanwhile, the active power that Wind turbines rotating speed and Wind turbines can send is different, it is contemplated that the active power that Wind turbines can send
Size and Wind turbines rotating speed limit, according to Wind turbines active power fan-out capability and power system frequency modulation stand-by requirement, by wind
Speed is divided into threshold wind velocity section, low wind speed section, middle wind speed section, high wind speed section 4 part.Wherein, threshold wind velocity section is incision wind
Speed is to threshold wind speed, and threshold wind velocity section Wind turbines active power fan-out capability is less, and rotation speed change is to Wind turbines active power
Output impact is little；The low wind speed section upper limit controls to provide the wind speed of whole power system frequency modulation stand-by requirement for utilizing hypervelocity；High
When wind speed section lower limit is for using MPPT maximum power point tracking, Wind turbines rotating speed reaches wind speed during maximum (top) speed.Open when wind speed is in
During dynamic wind speed section, Wind turbines uses MPPT maximum power point tracking to control；When low wind speed section, electric power system dispatching requires wind turbine
The wind energy turbine set frequency modulation non-firm power that group is reserved all is controlled to provide by the hypervelocity of Wind turbines；At middle wind speed section, frequency modulation non-firm power
Preferentially being controlled to provide by hypervelocity, insufficient section utilizes award setting to provide；In high wind speed section, Wind turbines uses permanent rotating speed control
System, frequency modulation non-firm power is provided by award setting.Hypervelocity controlling curve, as shown in power off-load backup curve in Fig. 2, subtracts
Carrying backup curve to be made up of three parts, Part I is MPPT maximum power point tracking part, and this section of curve is bent with MPPT maximum power point tracking
Line overlaps, and now wind speed is in threshold wind velocity section, and rotating speed uses rotating speed during MPPT maximum power point tracking；Part II is for subtract completely
Carrying spare part, now wind speed is in low wind speed section, and rotating speed is that Wind turbines utilizes hypervelocity control realization d% Power Systems
Rotating speed corresponding time standby；Part III is permanent rotating speed part, and wind speed is in middle and high wind speed section, and rotating speed uses maximum (top) speed permanent
Rotating speed runs.
(2) when low wind speed section, frequency modulation non-firm power can be ensured, at middle and high wind speed only with Wind turbines hypervelocity control
Needing the award setting of Wind turbines to coordinate during section, propeller pitch angle is relevant with power coefficient:
In formula, C1-C6For definite value, relevant with Wind turbines type, λ is tip speed ratio, and β is propeller pitch angle, λ1For with λ and
β is the parameter of variable, meets
In middle high wind speed section, when Wind turbines rotating speed is maximum (top) speed, under the wind speed determined, tip speed ratio is a definite value,
MeetIn formula, RWFor Wind turbines radius, ωmaxFor Wind turbines maximum (top) speed, vWind speedFor detect
Wind turbines wind speed.Now, propeller pitch angle is the function about power coefficient, the standby strategy of award setting as it is shown on figure 3,
Wherein, POSP.ULThe power that standby rear Wind turbines sends, C is controlled for hypervelocityP.Pich.ULFor the Wind Power Utilization by needing after becoming oar
Coefficient.
(3) Fig. 4 show the flow process obtaining initial speed with initial propeller pitch angle.Detect real-time wind speed, if wind speed is less than in real time
Threshold wind speed, then determine the wind corresponding to this real-time wind speed according to MPPT maximum power point tracking part in Fig. 2 power off-load backup curve
Group of motors rotating speed, and using this rotating speed as initial speed；If wind speed is less than the minimum wind speed of wind speed section, then basis in entering in real time
In Fig. 2 power off-load backup curve complete off-load spare part determine to should the Wind turbines rotating speed of wind speed in real time, and by this turn
Speed is as initial speed；If wind speed is middle and high wind speed in real time, then initial speed is Wind turbines maximum (top) speed.Initial determining
After rotating speed, it is judged that need the active power size that award setting is standby, in high wind speed section, by award setting, at the beginning of determining
Beginning propeller pitch angle, it is achieved active power is standby.
(4) active power distribution idiographic flow needed for Fig. 5 show power system frequency modulation.According to initial speed, initial pitch
Angle and Wind turbines maximum (top) speed, maximum propeller pitch angle situation, determine under real-time working condition, Wind turbines rotating speed and propeller pitch angle can
Tune scope, distributes this Wind turbines rotating speed and propeller pitch angle adjustable extent as input quantity, decision frequency modulation power.At frequency modulation power
In assigning process, if be detected that frequency is higher than power system rated frequency, wind accumulation is now needed to reduce active power output,
When frequency modulation power distributes, if Wind turbines rotating speed is not up to maximum (top) speed, it is judged that increase Wind turbines rotor speed can be utilized
The active power value reduced, if the required active power requirements of power system frequency regulation is more than this active power value, both differences
Value reduces active power output by award setting and realizes frequency regulation with energy storage device absorption active power.In view of propeller pitch angle
Control toggle speed relatively slow, during award setting starts, control the energy storage device certain active power of many absorptions, to coordinate oar
Elongation controls start-up course.When detecting that power system frequency declines, now need wind accumulation to send certain active power more
Participation power system frequency regulates, and first should discharge the active power that Wind turbines is standby, and insufficient section is carried by energy storage device
Supply, it is contemplated that Wind turbines award setting regulation process is relatively slow, during award setting starts, by energy storage device multiple
Part active power participates in power system frequency regulation.
(5) reactive power distribution idiographic flow needed for Fig. 6 show power system pressure regulation.According to wind power generation set system capacity and
Initial active power size, it can be inferred that the maximum adjustable extent of Wind turbines reactive power.When detecting that power system voltage becomes
During change, first determine whether Wind turbines maximum reactive power adjustable range, guaranteeing that Wind turbines capacity and exciting current are less than limit
While value, the Reactive-power control ability of Wind turbines is preferentially utilized to carry out reactive power regulation.Insufficient section uses energy storage device to enter
Row coordinates regulation.
(6) can be limited by Wind turbines capacity and exciting current in view of Wind turbines itself, therefore, be gone out in power system
Unlimited regulation can not be carried out when existing voltage or frequency change.If detecting when system electrical state changes, should be according to electrically
State, reasonable distribution Wind turbines capacity, to realize optimum regulating effect.According to different operating modes, 16 kinds can be divided into electrically
State, as shown in Figure 7a.Fig. 7 a gives different electric state divide, wherein, in electric state T1-T4, system frequency
Rate fluctuation is relatively big, and voltage pulsation is inconspicuous, now, when regulation, to regulate system frequency, the most preferentially ensures power train
System active power demand；Electric state T5-T12, system all has certain demand, now, in proportion simultaneously to frequency and voltage
The active power of guarantee system and reactive power demand；Electric state T13-T16, substantially, frequency fluctuation is or not system voltage fluctuation
Greatly, now, when regulation, to regulate system voltage, Power System Reactive Power demand is the most preferentially ensured.In view of holding
Amount limits, and these 16 kinds of electric states can be divided into 3 kinds of situations, as shown in Figure 7b.In Fig. 7 b, give 3 kinds of electricians
Condition, for the 1st kind of electric operating mode, system frequency difference is relatively big, and preecedence requirement carries out frequency regulation, and now, Wind turbines holds
Amount distribution mainly meets active power demand.For the 3rd kind of operating mode, system voltage difference is relatively big, and preecedence requirement carries out voltage tune
Joint, now, the distribution of Wind turbines capacity mainly meets reactive power demand.In the case of other, system all has for active reactive
Demand there is no and too stresses.Now, in the case of meeting capacity requirement when carrying out capacity distribution, according to system vacancy in proportion
Distribution active power and reactive power；
(7) the 3 kinds of electric operating modes divided according to Fig. 7 b, under the electric operating mode of difference, it is contemplated that Wind turbines capacity and excitation
Electric current limits, it may be determined that Wind turbines and energy storage active power and the reference value of reactive power.For Wind turbines, for
1st kind of electric operating mode, system frequency difference is relatively big, and preecedence requirement carries out frequency regulation, and now, the distribution of Wind turbines capacity is main
Active power demand to be met.For the 3rd kind of operating mode, system voltage difference is relatively big, and preecedence requirement carries out voltage-regulation, now,
The distribution of Wind turbines capacity mainly meets reactive power demand.In the case of other, system all has a demand for active reactive, and also
Without too stressing.Now, when carrying out capacity distribution, in the case of meeting capacity requirement, pro rata distribute according to system vacancy
Gain merit and reactive power, determine that method is as shown in Figure 8；
(8) when utilizing energy storage device that power system carries out electrical characteristic optimization, it is also required to consider the appearance of energy storage device equally
Amount limits, and the volumetric power of energy storage device selects identical with the operating mode selection of Wind turbines, is divided into 3 kinds of mode of operations equally, right
In the 1st kind of electric operating mode, power system frequency difference is relatively big, and preecedence requirement carries out frequency regulation, now, the appearance of energy storage device
Amount distribution mainly meets active power demand.For the 3rd kind of operating mode, power system voltage difference is relatively big, and preecedence requirement carries out electricity
Pressure regulation, now, the capacity distribution of energy storage device mainly meets reactive power demand.In the case of other, power system is for having
Merit power, reactive power all have demand, and there is no and too stress.Now, when the capacity carrying out energy storage device distributes, full
In the case of foot capacity requirement, according to power system vacancy pro-rata active power and reactive power.Capacity of energy storing device limits
System protection module is as shown in Figure 9；
(9) Wind turbines active power, reactive power reference qref are converted to rotating speed, propeller pitch angle, exciting current and net side and become
Measuring device current reference value inputs to Wind turbines, makes Wind turbines send active power and the reactive power of needs；
(10) energy storage device active power, reactive power reference qref are inputed to energy storage device, make energy storage device send needs
Active power and reactive power；
Utilize RTDS to build the electric power system model shown in Figure 10 and carry out digital-to-analogue emulation.Use US West three machine nine node topology knot
Control method of the present invention is verified by structure, Wind turbines and energy storage device is installed at bus 8, as shown in Figure 10.Its
In, three machine power system capacities are: G1:247.5MVA；G2:192MVA；G3:128MVA.Separate unit Wind turbines and storage
The capacity of energy is 2.2MVA, and Wind turbines number of units is 70, and energy storage number of units is 30, under system model different situations
Simulated effect is as shown in Figure 11-Figure 15.
Claims (9)
1. the cooperative control method of a wind accumulation participation power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, it is characterised in that this cooperative control method
Step is as follows:
(1) gather power system frequency, information of voltage and wind farm wind velocity information, instruct according to electric power system dispatching simultaneously,
Form wind energy turbine set frequency modulation, pressure regulation spare capacity needs；
(2) according to wind speed and wind energy turbine set frequency modulation, pressure regulation spare capacity needs, the hypervelocity of Wind turbines is utilized to control and propeller pitch angle
Control, determine the initial active power of each typhoon group of motors, initial reactive power exert oneself, initial speed, initial propeller pitch angle, with
And the state-of-charge of energy storage device；
(3) according to the real-time frequency departure of power system and rate of change information thereof, the frequency modulation demand that power system is current is determined；
The voltage deviation real-time according to power system and rate of change information thereof, determine the pressure regulation demand that power system is current；
(4) exert oneself situation according to Wind turbines, determine active power and idle merit that Wind turbines and energy storage device need to send
Rate size；
(5) combine Wind turbines capacity, exciting current limits and the real-time electric state of system, determines Wind turbines active power
Exert oneself reference value with reactive power；
(6) combine stored energy capacitance to limit and the real-time electric state of power system, determine the active power of energy storage device and idle merit
Rate is exerted oneself reference value；
(7) by Wind turbines export active power and reactive power exert oneself reference value be converted to Wind turbines rotating speed, propeller pitch angle,
Exciting current, inputs to Wind turbines, makes Wind turbines complete the regulation to power system frequency and voltage；
(8) reference value of the active power of energy storage device and reactive power being exerted oneself inputs to energy storage device, makes energy storage device complete
To power system frequency and the regulation of voltage；
(9), after completing the regulation to power system frequency and voltage, Wind turbines is recovered according to step (1) and step (2)
With energy storage device frequency modulation, pressure regulation spare capacity.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 1 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, in described step (1), electric power system dispatching instruction refers to that electric power system dispatching root is according to power system frequency modulation demand and wind speed
The each typhoon group of motors of wind energy turbine set determined by information reserves the active power of d%
5%-10%；This frequency modulation spare capacity needs is controlled to provide with award setting by Wind turbines hypervelocity.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 1 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, the determination of the initial speed of described step (2) each typhoon group of motors is relevant with wind speed, defeated according to Wind turbines active power
Output capacity and power system frequency modulation spare capacity needs, be divided into threshold wind velocity section, low wind speed section, middle wind speed section and height by wind speed
Wind speed section 4 part；Wherein, threshold wind velocity section is for incision wind speed to threshold wind speed, and threshold wind velocity section Wind turbines active power is defeated
Output capacity is less, and rotation speed change is little on the output impact of Wind turbines active power；The low wind speed section upper limit can for utilization hypervelocity control
The wind speed of whole power system frequency modulation stand-by requirement is provided；When high wind speed section lower limit is for using MPPT maximum power point tracking, Wind turbines
Rotating speed reaches wind speed during maximum (top) speed；Corresponding different wind speed, the initial speed of Wind turbines is different, initial speed ω and wind speed
Relation meets:
In formula, RWFor Wind turbines radius, λ is the tip speed ratio that Wind turbines obtains when controlling according to MPPT maximum power point tracking,
λ ' for Wind turbines according to the active power of reserved d% as frequency modulation spare capacity needs time the tip speed ratio that obtains, vWind speedFor inspection
The Wind turbines wind speed measured, vThreshold wind speedFor the maximum wind velocity of threshold wind velocity section, vmid.inFor the minimum windspeed of middle wind speed section, ωmax
For Wind turbines maximum (top) speed.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 3 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, described step (2), according to wind speed and wind energy turbine set frequency modulation, pressure regulation spare capacity needs, utilizes the hypervelocity of Wind turbines to control
With award setting, determine the initial active power of each typhoon group of motors, initial reactive power exert oneself, initial speed, initial oar
Elongation, and the state-of-charge of energy storage device；The wherein frequency modulation spare capacity needs of wind energy turbine set and initially having of each typhoon group of motors
The state-of-charge of merit power output, initial speed, initial propeller pitch angle and energy storage device is relevant, the pressure regulation spare capacity of wind energy turbine set
The initial reactive power of demand and each typhoon group of motors is exerted oneself relevant；
Wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs is controlled jointly to provide with award setting by the hypervelocity of each typhoon group of motors, super determining
After the wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs that speed controls and award setting undertakes respectively, obtain corresponding to this wind energy turbine set frequency modulation standby
The initial speed of the Wind turbines of capacity requirement and initial propeller pitch angle, and by the initial speed of Wind turbines and initial award setting
Wind turbines sends initial active power；When wind speed is in threshold wind velocity section, Wind turbines uses MPPT maximum power point tracking to control,
Ignore wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs；When low wind speed section, the wind energy turbine set that electric power system dispatching requires Wind turbines reserved is adjusted
Frequently spare capacity all is controlled to provide by the hypervelocity of Wind turbines；In middle wind speed section, frequency modulation spare capacity is preferentially by Wind turbines
Hypervelocity controls to provide, and insufficient section utilizes the award setting of Wind turbines to provide；In high wind speed section, Wind turbines uses perseverance to turn
Speed controls, and frequency modulation spare capacity is provided by the award setting of Wind turbines；
Wind energy turbine set pressure regulation spare capacity needs is relevant with each typhoon group of motors adjustable reactive power nargin, and each typhoon group of motors can
The reactive power nargin of regulation is exerted oneself by each typhoon group of motors active power and each typhoon group of motors apparent energy together decides on, full
Foot:
In formula, QmaxFor each typhoon group of motors adjustable reactive power nargin, S is each typhoon group of motors apparent energy, and P is
Each typhoon group of motors active power is exerted oneself；
After determining that the initial active power of wind energy turbine set is exerted oneself according to wind energy turbine set frequency modulation spare capacity needs, obtain corresponding to this wattful power
The initial reactive power of wind energy turbine set that rate is exerted oneself is exerted oneself；The state-of-charge of energy storage device is relevant with wind speed, when wind speed is in threshold wind velocity
When section and low wind speed section, the state-of-charge of energy storage device should be made to be in higher level, when wind speed is in middle wind speed section and high wind speed section
Time, suitably reduce the state-of-charge level of energy storage device.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 1 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, described step (3) determining, the mode of power system frequency modulation demand is: when determining power system frequency modulation demand, according to electricity
Force system frequency departure and rate of change thereof, controlled by inertia and droop control method realize:
In formula, Δ P is the active power that power system frequency modulation needs, and Δ f is the difference of power system real-time frequency and rated frequency,
KpfFor frequency modulation droop control coefficient, KdfFor frequency modulation inertial control system；
Determine that the mode of power system pressure regulation demand is for according to power system voltage deviation and rate of change information thereof, passing through droop control
Method realizes:
Δ Q=K Δ U
In formula, Δ Q is the reactive power that power system pressure regulation needs, and Δ U is the difference of power system real-time voltage and rated voltage,
K is pressure regulation droop control coefficient.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 1 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, in described step (4), Wind turbines and energy storage device need the active power sent and reactive power by the reality of Wind turbines
Time state and system power demand determine；Wind turbines needs the active power sent, reactive power initially to be gained merit by Wind turbines
Power, initial reactive power require wind-powered electricity generation with according to power system active power, reactive power demand and Wind turbines real-time status
The active power of unit additional issue, reactive power add and form；Energy storage device needs the active power sent, reactive power by electric power
System active power, reactive power demand and the active power of Wind turbines additional issue, reactive power are subtracted each other and are obtained.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 1 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, the real-time electric state of power system in described step (5) and step (6) is according to detecting the power system frequency obtained in real time
Rate deviation divides with voltage deviation；
The frequency departure of power system is divided into tetra-kinds of situations of F1-F4, is respectively as follows:
F1:f>=50.5Hz, F2:50Hz≤f<50.5Hz, F3:48.5Hz≤f<50Hz, F4:f<48.5Hz
In formula, variable f refers to the power system real-time frequency detected；
The voltage deviation of power system is divided into tetra-kinds of situations of U1-U4, is respectively as follows:
U1:U≥1.3Uref, U2:1.0Uref≤U<1.3Uref,U3:0.8Uref≤U<1.0Uref,U4:U<0.8Uref
In formula, variable UrefReferring to power system rated voltage, U refers to the power system real-time voltage detected；
Frequency departure according to described power system and voltage deviation, be divided into following 16 kinds by real-time for power system electric state:
F4 ∩ U3=T1 F3 ∩ U3=T5 F4 ∩ U4=T9 F3 ∩ U1=T13
F4 ∩ U2=T2 F3 ∩ U2=T6 F4 ∩ U1=T10 F3 ∩ U4=T14
F1 ∩ U3=T3 F2 ∩ U3=T7 F1 ∩ U4=T11 F2 ∩ U1=T15
F1 ∩ U2=T4 F2 ∩ U2=T8 F1 ∩ U1=T12 F2 ∩ U4=T16
To the above-mentioned real-time electric state of various power systems, determined by Wind turbines active power and method for controlling reactive power such as
Under:
For electric state T1-T4, wind accumulation is preferentially utilized to carry out power system active power regulation；For electric state
T5-T12, in the case of meeting wind accumulation capacity limit, according to power system to active power and the demand of reactive power, presses
Ratio completes power system active power and regulates with reactive power；For electric state T13-T16, wind accumulation is preferentially utilized to enter
Row Power System Reactive Power regulates.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 1 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, reference value of active power and reactive power being exerted oneself in described step (7) is converted to propeller pitch angle, rotating speed, exciting current,
Flow to Wind turbines, utilize Wind turbines self and the control of net side converter, make Wind turbines send the active power of needs
With reactive power.
Wind accumulation the most according to claim 1 participates in the cooperative control method of power system frequency modulation and voltage modulation, and its feature exists
In, for the distribution of wind accumulation active power, preferentially utilize the active reserve capacity of Wind turbines self, when Wind turbines from
During the active reserve capacity deficiency of body, recycling energy storage device makes up the deficiency that active power is exerted oneself；Merit idle for wind accumulation
The distribution of rate, preferentially utilizes the reactive power reserve of Wind turbines self, when the reactive power reserve deficiency of Wind turbines self,
Recycling energy storage device makes up the deficiency that reactive power is exerted oneself.
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