CN108347059A - The Wind turbines award setting method and AGC models adjusted suitable for secondary frequency - Google Patents
The Wind turbines award setting method and AGC models adjusted suitable for secondary frequency Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, disclose a kind of Wind turbines award setting method and AGC models suitable for the adjusting of secondary frequency, PrefFor Wind turbines reference power；ΔPmFor the active regulated quantity of unit；vavgFor the average value of past a bit of time wind speed；Take 5 second sampling time；βrefFor propeller pitch angle reference value；Propeller pitch angle pace of change is [4 °/s ,+4 °/s]；Propeller pitch angle value range is [1 ° ,+70 °]；One secondary frequencies adjust and AGC common actions；One time frequency adjustment procedure assists secondary frequency to adjust.The present invention plays an active part in the adjusting of system frequency in high wind speed section, receives the control signal from AGC, and low wind speed section is only involved in the Primary regulation of frequency in；The amplitude that stress event causes frequency fluctuation is more efficiently reduced using the wind-powered electricity generation field energy of integrated control method of the present invention, while can the curve of frequency fluctuation smoothly be caused due to wind speed variation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation more particularly to a kind of Wind turbines paddles adjusted suitable for secondary frequency
Elongation control method and AGC models.
Background technology
Renewable Energy Development is to improve China's energy resource structure, promote environmental protection, keep society and economy sustainable development
The major action of exhibition.But renewable power supply generally all has fluctuation and intermittent feature so that regenerative resource and electricity
The total tune of net is relatively low.And renewable power supply generally operates in maximal power tracing point, nothing under traditional control method
Method provides active support when system frequency fluctuates, and can not change power-frequecy characteristic curve and participate in power system frequency
Secondary Control.In the power system, the stabilization of frequency depends on active power balance.The variation of electricity needs or generated output is led
Cause active power uneven, at this point, frequency and the net power that exchanges will produce deviation.When frequency reduce initial time, power
Increase is provided by the rotation rotary inertia of generator and motor.After several seconds, machine unit speed regulating device and load all can be to sensing
Frequency departure respond.At this time active power balance, system frequency balance but near the rated frequency, i.e. frequency
Primary regulation process.Frequency Primary regulation is the spontaneous process of dynamical system, is mainly completed by the governor of Synchronous generator,
But due to the frequency characteristic of load, it is poor that this adjustment process has, and leaves net exchange power deviation and frequency departure.For
The normal frequency of recovery and scheduled net exchange power need to use frequency Secondary Control, and this is exactly the main task of AGC.
AGC corrects the deviation of frequency by controlling frequency or net exchange power, and detailed process depends on the control model of AGC.Such as examine
Consider the automatic real power control technology of wind power plant of power constraint, which proposes is included in electricity wind power plant real power control is actively carried out
Net Automatic Generation Control management, and propose 3 layer model of wind power plant real power control for considering energy storage；As large-scale wind power accesses
Interconnected network active power dispatch and control technology, the technology dispatch mould to the interconnected network active power accessed containing large-scale wind power
Formula is analyzed, and proposes that the thinking that wind-powered electricity generation is dissolved by a variety of methods, proposition can realize that scheduling is horizontal by short-term forecast
Promotion；Such as the generation optimization dispatching method of large-scale wind power access system, which, which proposes, draws wind-powered electricity generation prediction deviation etc.
Enter traditional power deviation signal, to improve the power system frequency control effect containing wind-powered electricity generation, and it is auxiliary to different type unit AGC
Demand for services is helped to be assessed.The above technology participates in the adjusting of electric grid secondary frequency mainly for wind-powered electricity generation and has done a degree of spy
Study carefully, but its research contents be mostly using wind-powered electricity generation as variation power source to coordinate the power output of other generators, for
The power control of Wind turbines itself does not do in-depth study.In future, in part, wind-powered electricity generation permeability is up to 50% or more
In the environment of, this control method obviously compares limitation.
It, should priority scheduling regenerative resource and height according to energy-saving distribution principle during system frequency Secondary Control
Efficiency, large sized unit power generation.The active power dispatch of country's wind-powered electricity generation mainly uses manual dispatching and generation schedule both sides at present
Formula, leads to that the response time is long, control accuracy is low.Manual dispatching mode is subjective, and flexibility is poor, encounters emergency case (such as
Load variations) when, it is difficult to which the timely and accurately effective energy in mixing system, can cause missing or the waste of the energy；Power generation meter
The operation plan for being prior contingency plan or taking temporarily is drawn, particular problem cannot be directed in a short time and propose solution.
Two kinds of strategies have delay and covering precision is limited, for the deficiency that can cause active, the generator of all paired runnings in system
Group is equipped with governor, has the governor of the unit of variable capacity by the variation of reaction system frequency, occurs in system active
When unbalanced power, if active power power supply is insufficient or load increases, it will system frequency is caused to be fallen.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is：The active power dispatch of country's wind-powered electricity generation mainly uses manual dispatching at present
With both modes of generation schedule, lead to that the response time is long, control accuracy is low.
If thinking the reasonable control of realization wind power, the automatic control of power should be added on the basis of generation schedule mode
System, research and development are suitable for large-scale wind power access demand and the coordinated control system of feature, the i.e. base in generation schedule mode
On plinth, wind-powered electricity generation is included in spontaneous electric control (AGC) system.In this regard, should propose claimed below：
(1) due to the uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation, wind turbine can both have been regarded as the power supply of an output-power fluctuation, also might be used by we
To be regarded as a load for absorbing negative active power, i.e., the deviation of the practical output of wind-powered electricity generation and power prediction value is included in region
Control deviation (ACE)；
(2) according to the provisions of the relevant regulations issued by the State, wind power plant, which should have, actively provides active regulating power, or even in certain situations
Under, the Secondary Control process of system frequency can be participated in by reasonably controlling；
(3) wind-powered electricity generation, should be in allowed limits by priority scheduling as new energy.
Invention content
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of Wind turbines paddles adjusted suitable for secondary frequency
Elongation control method and AGC models.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of Wind turbines award setting method adjusted suitable for secondary frequency, institute
State the Wind turbines award setting method adjusted suitable for secondary frequency, PrefFor Wind turbines reference power；ΔPmFor unit
Active regulated quantity；vavgFor the average value of past a bit of time wind speed；Take 5 second sampling time；βrefFor propeller pitch angle reference value；Paddle
Elongation pace of change is [- 4 °/s ,+4 °/s]；Propeller pitch angle value range is [- 1 ° ,+70 °]；
(1) increase propeller pitch angle frequency response link, using the frequency departure of power grid as input.Similar to wind-powered electricity generation primary frequency modulation
In the control of virtual inertia, droop control and hypervelocity method etc., add frequency response to the award setting module in frequency modulation frequency modulation
Controlling unit is rung by adjusting the size of propeller pitch angle come the variation of responsive electricity grid frequency and active power reference value proposed in this paper
It should be combined, power stable for a long time can be provided for power grid jointly and supported, also mains frequency can be made more accurate.
(2) reinforce and optimize the control inside wind power plant.The coefficient of frequency modulation of DFIG will determine that the frequency modulation of unit is contributed, wind-powered electricity generation
The fm capacity of unit is closely related with its current wind speed.Therefore, can according to the current wind speed of every DFIG in wind power plant and
Spare capacity continues to optimize its difference coefficient, determines that the frequency modulation of unit goes out according to the frequency regulation capacity under the current wind speed of every unit
Power depth.It is embodied in, can automatically determine every unit frequency modulation output share in wind power plant according to current wind speed, make acquisition
The unit frequency modulation of low wind speed is contributed less, ensures the stability of fan operation；It is more to obtain the high unit frequency modulation output of wind speed, ensures wind
Electric field energy has preferable frequency modulation effect.In actual change wind speed scene, every Wind turbines will be abundant in the safety of each self-operating
The margin of power of itself is made full use of to participate in power grid frequency modulation in degree.
(3) chemical energy can be introduced as medium in electric transformation of energy in wind energy.Become paddle method in, propeller pitch angle it is multiple
Action can cause great mechanical loss, if pitch failure occurs, frequency modulation frequency modulation would become hard to carry out.In high wind speed section, wind turbine fills
Point capture wind energy transformation be electrical power when, a part of electrical power can be stored in chemical cell.When wind turbine breaks down needs
When frequency modulation frequency modulation or energy supplement, the energy in chemical cell can be temporarily freed up, instead of wind power, maintains the frequency of power grid steady
It is fixed.
One secondary frequencies adjust and AGC common actions；One time frequency adjustment procedure assists secondary frequency to adjust.
The DFIG variable speed constant frequency wind turbines that the present invention selects can realize that primary frequency modulation is synchronous with frequency modulation frequency modulation and carry out.It borrows
Virtual inertia control, droop control and hypervelocity off-load method is helped to be exported by controlling unit using frequency change rate as input signal
Additional reference power signal, when system occurrence frequency changes, to change the power output of Wind turbines.If system frequency
Rate is fallen suddenly, then after Wind turbines obtain frequency modulation response, is stored in the kinetic energy in gyrating mass using Wind turbines and participates in system tune
Frequency is i.e. by controlling current transformer, the rotator inertia of release Wind turbines rotor in the short time, i.e., to discharge non-firm power
Mode realize primary frequency modulation.It is to utilize the intrinsic frequency character of load of system, Yi Jifa that one secondary frequencies of electric system, which are adjusted,
The regulative mode for acting on that system frequency is prevented to deviate standard value of machine governor, fm capacity is limited, can not accomplish
Non differential regulation, and the Secondary Control of power system frequency is then the adjusting carried out to original machine power a reference value using frequency modulator,
It can accomplish non differential regulation.
The present invention realizes frequency modulation frequency modulation with the control method of AGC, and AGC is by controlling frequency or the net power that exchanges come school
The deviation of positive frequency.In macroscopic aspect, system frequency changes, and when primary frequency modulation starts, frequency modulation frequency modulation, which synchronizes, to carry out, AGC
The information such as real-time frequency, Tie line Power, each power supply active power of output are obtained from power grid, and compared with each setting value
Compared with obtaining district control deviation, then obtain region regulation power by PI controls and assign it in each power plant's controller, control
The active output for making each unit is finally reached the indifference control of frequency.From microcosmic level, when system frequency changes, two
Secondary frequency modulation is by means of becoming paddle method, in the case of more stable high wind speed, so that Wind turbines is obtained by propeller pitch angle appropriate active
Power backup, by reasonably controlling the control signal for alloing Wind turbines to respond AGC.Therefore, two under being controlled by AGC
After secondary frequency modulation, system frequency realizes non differential regulation, and primary frequency modulation also promote to a certain extent frequency stabilization and
Improve, has played auxiliary to frequency modulation frequency modulation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Wind turbines propeller pitch angle controls adjusted suitable for secondary frequency
The AGC models of method processed, the AGC models are described as follows：AGC models are divided into two regions, wherein the AGC input quantities in region 1
The only deviation of frequency, control object are the Synchronous generator G of power plant 11；The AGC in region 2 presses the improved AGC models of Fig. 9
It is designed, control power plant 2 (includes Synchronous generator G21And G22) and power plant 3 (include Synchronous generator G31And G32) with
And wind power plant.
The AGC system model of the present invention is according to frequency departure and exchanges power deviation zoning control deviation ACE, passes through
PID control calculates proportional component and quadrature components feed back to power grid by power plant's controller.Under fixed-frequency control pattern, ACE's
Value is -10 β Δs f；In the case where determining the net exchange power control pattern of interconnection, the value of ACE is Δ PT.Active power and FREQUENCY CONTROL position
In power grid layer, power plant's layer and motor layer.The AGC of interconnected network is controlled in top layer by system, and input is in current system
Frequency f and Tie line Power Pflow,k, (k=1 ..., p).It is limited by existing wind-powered electricity generation prediction technique, wind power output
Cannot accurately it be planned, therefore Wind turbines cannot function as the homophony frequency unit of system.In order to improve the adjusting effect of AGC
Fruit, Wind turbines are considered as by the present invention absorbs the load for bearing work(, therefore considers that wind-powered electricity generation predicts error in AGC, that is, is predicting
Wind-powered electricity generation prediction deviation value component is introduced in error ACE.
Further, the ACE calculating formulas of the AGC models are：
In formula, PforecastFor wind power plant predicted value；PWmFor the output power of m Fans in wind power plant.
Further, the secondary frequency of the wind power plant of the AGC models, which is adjusted, participates in COEFFICIENT Kwp：
In formula, PowFor the output power of wind power plant；Pw_setThe threshold of frequency Secondary Control is participated in for the wind power plant of setting
Value, it is related with the setting value of reserve；Ssyn_resFor the spare capacity of the synchronization unit of participation frequency Secondary Control in system；
Sw_resFor the spare capacity of wind power plant.
Further, the distribution coefficient α of the AGC modelsiUsing automatic calculating method, KwpAs AGC calculation of distribution coefficient
αiFoundation, define αsiFor the distribution coefficient of i-th of conventional power plants using Synchronous generator, αwFor the distribution system of wind power plant
Number, has：
In formula, Si_resFor the spare capacity of the conventional power plants of i-th of participation frequency modulation, αsiSize and corresponding power plant it is standby
It is directly proportional with amount of capacity.
The Wind turbines pitch adjusted suitable for secondary frequency is used another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
The wind-driven generator of angle control method.
The double-fed fan motor unit of the present invention participates in control method the having more for various wind speed of electric system frequency modulation
Universal adaptability plays an active part in the adjusting of system frequency in high wind speed section, receives the control signal from AGC, and low in
Wind speed section is only involved in the Primary regulation of frequency；Load is more efficiently reduced using the wind-powered electricity generation field energy of integrated control method of the present invention
Event causes the amplitude of frequency fluctuation, while smoothly can cause the curve of frequency fluctuation due to wind speed variation.The present invention uses
AGC control strategies to DFIG Wind turbines, the control system of itself is improved, in microcosmic point by various control strategy phase
In conjunction with.Compared to preceding several technologies, the strategy of this paper can not only response system well secondary frequency adjusting signals, increase
With the coordination control ability of synchronous machine, moreover it is possible in the case of high wind speed, high permeability, caused by quick response stress event
The wave component of system frequency dexterously merges the control of virtual inertia, hypervelocity Control of decreasing load and pitch angular transformation, accurate flexible
Wind power is allocated on ground, and mains frequency is maintained to stablize.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Wind turbines award setting method flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention adjusted suitable for secondary frequency
Figure.
Fig. 2 is synchronous generator acc power-frequency characteristic schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the Secondary Control schematic diagram that DFIG provided in an embodiment of the present invention participates in mains frequency.
Fig. 4 is the award setting system schematic provided in an embodiment of the present invention by speed control.
Fig. 5 is the award setting system schematic provided in an embodiment of the present invention by power control.
Fig. 6 is power curve schematic diagram under different propeller pitch angles provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the Wind turbines award setting schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention adjusted suitable for secondary frequency.
Fig. 8 is improved AGC model schematics provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the self-defined AGC model schematics in emulation platform provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the simulation result schematic diagram under constant wind speed provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in figure：(a) system frequency becomes
Change；(b) the active output of wind power plant；(c) the active output of synchronous machine；(d) DFIG propeller pitch angles change；_ ._._ wind power plants are not involved in tune
Frequently；... ... wind power plants are only involved in primary frequency modulation；_ _ _ _ _ this decimeter of integrated control method.
Figure 11 is the simulation result schematic diagram under high wind speed section provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in figure：(a) wind speed changes；
(b) system frequency changes；(c) DFIG rotation speed changes；(d) Power Output for Wind Power Field；(e) DFIG propeller pitch angles change；(f) synchronous machine
Output power；_ ._._ wind power plants are not involved in frequency modulation；_ _ _ _ _ integrated control method of the present invention.
Figure 12 be it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention in simulation result schematic diagram under low wind speed section, in figure：(a) wind speed becomes
Change；(b) system frequency changes；(c) DFIG rotation speed changes；(d) Power Output for Wind Power Field；(e) DFIG propeller pitch angles change；(f) same
Step machine output power；_ ._._ wind power plants are not involved in frequency modulation；_ _ _ _ _ integrated control method of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The application principle of the present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the Wind turbines award setting side provided in an embodiment of the present invention adjusted suitable for secondary frequency
Method includes the following steps：
S101：By the control of virtual inertia, droop control and hypervelocity off-load method, using frequency change rate as input signal,
By the reference power signal outside controlling unit amount of exports；
S102：When system occurrence frequency changes, to change the power output of Wind turbines；If system frequency is rapid
Fall, then after Wind turbines obtain frequency modulation response, is stored in the kinetic energy in gyrating mass using Wind turbines and participates in system frequency modulation i.e.
By controlling current transformer, the rotator inertia of release Wind turbines rotor in the short time, i.e., to discharge the side of non-firm power
Formula realizes primary frequency modulation.
1, the doubly-fed wind turbine power control adjusted suitable for secondary frequency
By the frequency characteristic of dislocation generation unit, changing the active power of generating set makes for the secondary adjustment of frequency
It balances each other with load variations, to make system frequency be restored to original normal range (NR).Its principle is as shown in Figure 2：
When system loading increases, load characteristic curve is by PLChange to PL', the characteristic curve and part throttle characteristics of generator are bent
The intersection point of line is moved to B points by A points, and simultaneity factor frequency is by f1Drop to f2.At this time in order to allow system frequency to be restored to normal water
Flat, the spontaneous controller for electric consumption action of system changes the characteristic curve of generating set, makes it by PgChange to Pg', while load with
The characteristic intersection point of generating set is moved to D points by B points, and system frequency is by f2Rise to f1, realize the indifference of system frequency
It adjusts.Similarly when system loading is reduced.
Doubly-fed wind turbine can be enabled to realize similar to synchronous with the combination that power tracking controls by award setting
Generator moves the characteristic function of work(frequency, as shown in Figure 3：
Assuming that the generator of power grid is only in the wind turbine stablized under wind speed, when system loading increase, load characteristic curve
By PLChange to PL', the characteristic curve of generator and the intersection point of load characteristic curve are moved to B points, simultaneity factor frequency by A points
By f1Drop to f2.At this time in order to allow system frequency to be restored to normal level, the spontaneous controller for electric consumption control Wind turbines of system
Propeller pitch angle changes the characteristic curve of doubly-fed wind turbine, makes it by PwChange to Pw', while load and generating set characteristic are bent
The intersection point of line is moved to C points by B points, and system frequency is by f2Rise to f1, realize the non differential regulation of system frequency.
Similarly, when system loading reduces, the characteristic that can also change Wind turbines by way of changing propeller pitch angle is bent
Line.It can arrange in pairs or groups in extreme circumstances simultaneously and realize the power of wind power plant using the methods of part Wind turbines emergency start-stop machine
Control.It is suitable for the Wind turbines Poewr control method that secondary frequency is adjusted by emphasis introduction of award setting below.
Traditional award setting is mainly used for stablizing the output power of wind turbine under high wind speed, by constantly changing pitch
Angle reference value and make running of wind generating set avoid rotating speed is excessively high Wind turbines is caused to damage in invariable power area.Its schematic diagram is distinguished
As Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is indicated：
The net power that Wind turbines can be effectively increased in case of elevated wind speeds using the Control of decreasing load of propeller pitch angle is exported,
And the speed of power variation of the remote ultra-traditional synchronous machine of its pace of change.Therefore by the AGC of award setting and conventional electric power system
Control is combined, and in the case of more stable high wind speed, keeps Wind turbines acquisition active power spare by propeller pitch angle appropriate,
By reasonably controlling the control signal for alloing Wind turbines to respond AGC.When system frequency reduces, Wind turbines reduce paddle
Elongation with amount of exports outside active power；Likewise, when system frequency increases, Wind turbines increase propeller pitch angle to reduce output
Active power.
The output power of Wind turbines and power coefficient CpIt is directly proportional, and CpIt is closed again for high-order nonlinear with propeller pitch angle β
System, directly can not control output power by propeller pitch angle.By taking wind turbine model of the present invention as an example, in standard wind
Under conditions of fast 12m/s, when propeller pitch angle β=1.05 °, power coefficient CpIt is up to 0.447, active power reference value Po
It is 1, doubly-fed wind turbine can obtain maximum mechanical output, spare capacity 0 at this time.When propeller pitch angle is β=4 °, wind
It can usage factor CpIt is up to 0.363, at this time active power of double-fed wind power generator reference value PoIt is 0.81, that is to say, that at this time
Doubly-fed wind turbine can there are 19% active power is spare.When changing at 0~4 °, Wind turbines output power and pitch
Relationship between angle is as shown in Figure 6.
Under a certain determining wind speed, the present invention can obtain propeller pitch angle and output power by way of local linearization
Relationship, can be fitted DFIG active power-propeller pitch angle relation curve, but the power curve under single wind speed limit in control compared with
Greatly.Only regulation double-fed fan motor machine participates in the Secondary Control of power system frequency when more than or equal to standard wind speed.Therefore similarly,
The present invention can obtain the cluster curve under required wind speed, and be write as the form of table, and a portion is as shown in table 1.
1 propeller pitch angle relation table (part) of table
Table 1 can be used as control foundation when follow-up Wind turbines participate in electric grid secondary frequency modulation.Propeller pitch angle becomes in practical control
Change speed and is usually no more than 4.6 °/s.
The active power regulation amount that AGC is assigned to wind power plant is denoted as Δ Pagcw, then consider that wind-powered electricity generation participates in system frequency two
The motor layer control schematic diagram of the AGC system of secondary adjusting is as shown in Figure 7：
In Fig. 7, PrefFor Wind turbines reference power；ΔPmFor the active regulated quantity of unit；vavgFor a bit of time in past
The average value of wind speed, the present invention take 5 second sampling time；βrefFor propeller pitch angle reference value；Propeller pitch angle pace of change be [- 4 °/s ,+
4°/s]；Propeller pitch angle value range is [- 1 ° ,+70 °].
Fig. 7 is to consider that wind-powered electricity generation participates in the motor layer control schematic diagram of the AGC system of system frequency Secondary Control, is reflected suitable
The Wind turbines award setting adjusted for secondary frequency.PrefFor Wind turbines reference power, Δ PwmFor the active adjusting of unit
Amount has obtained the output power P of Wind turbines by the cumulative of the twos；vavgFor the average value of past a bit of time wind speed,
The size of Wind turbines propeller pitch angle reference value under the wind speed can be obtained by tabling look-up；By Limiter modules to propeller pitch angle pace of change
The restriction of rate and propeller pitch angle value range β, in addition the feedback effect comprising pulp distance varying mechanism, wind when can control frequency modulation frequency modulation
The propeller pitch angle of motor group.
In the present invention, Wind turbines reference power can be calculated according to frequency response control：
The active regulated quantity of wind power plant is assigned to according to AGC：
Δ P can be calculatedwm, to obtain output power Ps, then to the measurement of wind speed
With setting and the restriction of propeller pitch angle pace of change and range, finally passes through blade pitch device, the value of propeller pitch angle can be obtained.
There are mainly two types of methods for frequency modulation frequency modulation：The first is AGC, realizes the automatic allocation schedule of unit load；Second
It is by always adjusting the carry out unit load adjustment for ordering artificial.According to frequency once with the relationship of Secondary Control, often it is divided into following several
Kind strategy：
1) secondary frequencies are adjusted to lead, and AGC is acted after primary frequency modulation；
2) secondary frequencies are adjusted and AGC common actions；
3) secondary frequency is adjusted to lead, and AGC exits primary frequency modulation when acting, and primary frequency modulation is opened again to the end of ACG is adjusted
Function.
The present invention uses second method, and this method control is simple, and a frequency adjustment procedure can be in certain journey
It assists secondary frequency to adjust on degree, frequency is made to reach stable faster.
2, count and predict the AGC models of error and wind-powered electricity generation tenability
Wind-powered electricity generation prediction deviation value component is introduced in predicting error ACE, then improved ACE calculating formulas are：
In formula, PforecastFor wind power plant predicted value；PWmFor the output power of m Fans in wind power plant.
Wind-powered electricity generation prediction error is included in district control deviation by the expression formula, when wind power generates fluctuation outside prediction,
Power deviation amount can be assigned in conventional power plant by AGC, so that conventional power generation usage unit is issued additional corresponding power and realized system
Power-balance.
Unplanned active power setting value PagcSee formulaIt is shown, K in formulapIt is controlled for PI
Device proportional gain processed；KiFor PI controller storage gains；t1And t2For the time of integration.Under traditional control model, it is by distribution
Number αiControl is sent to each control signal P for adjusting power plantagciIf not considering economic factors, generally with participate in frequency modulation
The spare capacity of synchronous unit is related.But Power Output for Wind Power Field is influenced very big, difference by current wind, Wind turbines rotating speed
In traditional Synchronous generator, if wanting the Secondary Control for making Wind turbines participate in power system frequency in the case of permission,
It needs to evaluate the operating status of Wind turbines.Since there are many Wind turbines quantity in wind power plant, if in actually controlling
The state of every Wind turbines is all transferred in AGC, calculation amount is undoubtedly will increase and influences control efficiency.Separate unit Wind turbines
Output-power fluctuation it is very big by air speed influence, and wind power plant by tens even hundreds of Wind turbines form, if suddenly
Total power generation of wake effect slightly between the spatial distribution and Wind turbines of wind energy, wind power plant changes the hair compared to separate unit wind energy conversion system
Electrical change wants smoothly more.
Therefore regard the target wind farm of AGC as an entirety, to measure the wind-power electricity generation in points of common connection (PCC)
Variation (such as concentrate and measure in substation), rather than measured at each wind energy conversion system, total output marker signal of wind power plant is passed
It is delivered in AGC.
The control ability of doubly-fed wind turbine increase and decrease power is extremely limited under low wind speed due in, does not consider double-fed
Wind-driven generator controls unit as AGC；And power control can effectively be carried out by award setting method under high wind speed
System can be used as AGC to control unit.Therefore just wind power plant is allowed to participate in electric power when Power Output for Wind Power Field reaches certain and requires
The Secondary Control of system frequency.It defines the secondary frequency of wind power plant and adjusts participation COEFFICIENT Kwp：
In formula, PowFor the output power of wind power plant；Pw_setThe threshold of frequency Secondary Control is participated in for the wind power plant of setting
Value, it is related with the setting value of reserve；Ssyn_resFor the spare capacity of the synchronization unit of participation frequency Secondary Control in system；
Sw_resFor the spare capacity of wind power plant.
Distribution coefficient αiFormulation have artificial setting and it is automatic calculate two methods, the present invention uses automatic calculating method,
KwpAs AGC calculation of distribution coefficient αiFoundation.Define αsiFor the distribution system of i-th of conventional power plants using Synchronous generator
Number, αwFor the distribution coefficient of wind power plant, have：
In formula, Si_resFor the spare capacity of the conventional power plants of i-th of participation frequency modulation.αsiSize and corresponding power plant it is standby
It is directly proportional with amount of capacity.
Therefore, the control signal for being assigned to each frequency regulation power plant is：
In formula, PagcwTo be assigned to the power control signal of wind power plant；PagciIt is assigned to as the tradition of i-th of participation frequency modulation
The power control signal of power plant.
Assuming that wind power plant has the Secondary Control that k typhoon motors participate in frequency, in the case where not considering the spatial distribution of wind,
Assuming that each set state is identical, then the active regulated quantity that power plant's controller is assigned to each frequency modulation unit is：
ΔPwm=Pagcw/k (5)
Therefore, improved AGC models are as shown in Figure 8.
The application effect of the present invention is explained in detail with reference to emulation.
Self-defined AGC Controlling models as shown in Figure 9 are built on DIgSILENT/PowerFactory emulation platforms：
1, simulation analysis
In order to verify the validity that proposed Wind turbines participate in power frequency Secondary Control control method, equally it is based on
The analogue system of the field containing large-scale wind power of Fig. 7 carries out simulating, verifying.Since system is divided into two regions, according to different need
Design two sets of AGC：The AGC input quantities in wherein region 1 are only the deviation of frequency, and control object is the synchronous hair of power plant 1
Motor group G1；The AGC in region 2 is designed by the improved AGC models of Fig. 9, and control power plant 2 (includes Synchronous generator G21With
G22) and power plant 3 (include Synchronous generator G31And G32) and wind power plant.In order to preferably show control effect, different
Under simulated conditions, region tie line plan exchanges the sum of power PsTake initial Load flow calculation time domain interconnection actual exchange power
The sum of PaValue, to ensure the net exchange power offset value Δ P under original state on interconnectionTIt is 0.In addition, four of region 2
Synchronous generator parameter all same, there is only the differences of distribution coefficient, i.e. output power to change during frequency modulation frequency modulation
Trend is very similar, therefore only takes G21It is analyzed to represent.The main control parameters of AGC are as shown in table 2.
The main control parameters of 2 AGC of table
Below simulation analysis and verification are carried out from constant wind speed and change two kinds of situations of wind speed.
The constant situation of 1.1 wind speed
Take constant wind speed Windspeed=12m/s, busbar 5 is uprushed 110MW loads in 5s, simulation time 60 seconds.To with
A secondary frequencies regulating effect in the case of lower three kinds carries out analysis comparison：
(1) double-fed fan motor unit is not involved in frequency adjusting；
(2) double-fed fan motor unit is only involved in primary frequency modulation；
(3) double-fed fan motor unit active response AGC is controlled, and the primary of frequency is participated in using control method proposed by the present invention
Adjusting and Secondary Control.
Simulation result is as shown in Figure 10.As shown in Figure 10 (b), (c), when Wind turbines are not involved in the adjusting of system frequency
When, power shortage caused by system loading event will all be undertaken by system synchronization machine, and Power Output for Wind Power Field is not responding to system
Frequency changes.And wind power plant be only involved in one secondary frequencies of power grid adjust when, Power Output for Wind Power Field when frequency is initially fallen due to
The effect of virtual inertia control increases sharply, but since Wind turbines work(- frequency indicatrix does not change, process is short
Temporary, output power is then gradually restored to level when stable state again, and Synchronous generator output power also rises to
181MW。
And when using integrated control method of the present invention, the control significant response of variable element inertia makes wind power plant occur in frequency
The moment fallen just can issue additional rapidly a large amount of active power, and rapid prevention system frequency continues to reduce.Meanwhile such as Figure 10
(d) double-fed fan motor unit is similar to Synchronous generator, can change propeller pitch angle in response to AGC controls, and propeller pitch angle is reduced by 4 °
It is gradually slightly increased again after to 1.3 ° and reaches stable state.And the increase that Power Output for Wind Power Field is also stablized, by under original state
158MW reaches the stable state of 198MW, power increment 40MW.Meanwhile the output power of synchronous machine experienced it is initial fast
Speed decreases again after increasing, its steady-state value of opposite first two control method is reduced to 166MW by 181MW, reduces synchronization
The frequency modulation pressure of generating set.
The above emulation shows that doubly-fed wind turbine is capable of the control signal of active response system AGC, in the case where stablizing wind speed
Good frequency modulation effect can be reached.But under actual conditions, wind farm wind velocity is continually changing, therefore this example compares tool
There is limitation, the process displaying of electric system frequency modulation is only participated in as wind power plant.It will consider under the wind speed of actual measurement fluctuation below
It is emulated, the case where wind power plant is only involved in system frequency Primary regulation does not consider further that.
The case where 1.2 fluctuations in wind speed
1) the case where high wind speed section
Wind speed random fluctuation, this period prediction of wind speed are 12m/s, and busbar 5 is uprushed 110MW loads in 5s, when emulation
Between 120 seconds.Analysis comparison is carried out to the frequency regulating effect in the case of following two：(1) wind power plant is not involved in frequency adjusting；
(2) wind power plant group active response AGC is controlled, and participating in frequency using control method proposed by the present invention is adjusted.
Simulation result is as shown in figure 11, wherein shown in fluctuation wind speed such as Figure 11 (a).By Figure 11 (a) as it can be seen that system wind
In high wind speed section, centered on prediction of wind speed 12m/s, as larger variation has occurred in the time.By Figure 11 (c), Figure 11 (d),
For Figure 11 (e) as it can be seen that when wind power plant is not involved in power system frequency and adjusts, the output power of doubly-fed wind turbine follows wind speed closely
Variation and change, itself can cause the fluctuation of system frequency, occur simultaneously for electric system be caused by stress event
The component of system frequency fluctuation does not respond to, and the variation of propeller pitch angle only keeps the stabilization of output power in certain limit.And it adopts
When with integrated control method of the present invention, due to by practical component and anticipation component (the i.e. practical component of wind power of wind speed
And anticipation component) the part that is inputted as ACE of difference signal, ACG can respond the fluctuation of wind speed defeated to optimize its
The power control signal gone out.Meanwhile double-fed fan motor unit uses comprehensive inertia control, for the system caused by stress event
The wave component quick response of frequency；Additionally due to being in high wind speed section, Wind turbines itself receive the control of ACG, actively logical
Cross the output power that additional award setting changes wind turbine.
As shown in Figure 11 (b), when wind power plant be not involved in power system frequency adjust when, system frequency occur bust when its
The valley of change curve be 49.844Hz, and subsequent frequencies by wind speed influenced fluctuation it is larger；And when wind power plant is using the present invention
When control method, the valley of the change curve of power system frequency is 49.934Hz, relatively before improve 0.09Hz, and later
Frequency is influenced fluctuation by wind speed and is also decreased.As shown in Figure 11 (f), when wind power plant is using control method of the present invention, by
More sensitive to system frequency variation in wind power plant, prior to synchronous machine unit speed regulating device action, synchronous unit is in system occurrence frequency
The change curve of output power is more smooth when bust.And follow-up output power decreases, and reduces the frequency modulation of synchronous unit
Pressure.
2) in the case where low wind speed section
Wind speed random fluctuation, this period prediction of wind speed are 10m/s, and busbar 5 is uprushed 110MW loads in 5s, when emulation
Between 120 seconds.Likewise, carrying out analysis comparison to the frequency regulating effect in the case of two kinds above.
Simulation result is as shown in figure 12, wherein shown in fluctuation wind speed such as Figure 12 (a).By Figure 12 (a) as it can be seen that system wind
The low wind speed section in, centered on prediction of wind speed 10m/s, as more violent fluctuation has occurred in the time.With high wind speed section
Analysis method is similar, by Figure 12 (c), Figure 12 (d), Figure 12 (e) as it can be seen that when wind power plant be not involved in power system frequency adjust when,
Output power itself follows the variation of wind speed closely and changes.And when using integrated control method of the present invention, ACG can be to the fluctuation of wind speed
It responds to optimize the power control signal of its output.Meanwhile double-fed fan motor unit uses comprehensive inertia control, for negative
The wave component quick response of system frequency caused by lotus event.It is noted that due to low wind speed section in being in,
Wind turbines can not have the ability for participating in frequency modulation frequency modulation, and the additional award setting device of Wind turbines does not receive to come from
The control signal (the AGC power partition coefficients of wind power plant be 0) of AGC, the power partition coefficient of each Synchronous generator only with this
The active reserve capacity of body is related.Therefore, in the case of two kinds of controls the output power variation tendency difference of wind power plant be not it is very big,
But it is still able to quickly provide work(to a certain extent when system frequency fluctuates when using control method of the present invention
Rate is supported.
As shown in Figure 12 (b), when wind power plant be not involved in power system frequency adjust when, system frequency occur bust when its
The valley of change curve be 49.842Hz, and subsequent frequencies by wind speed influenced fluctuation it is larger；And when wind power plant is using the present invention
When control method, the valley of the change curve of power system frequency is 49.939Hz, relatively before improve 0.097Hz, and it
Frequency is influenced to fluctuate and also be decreased by wind speed afterwards.As shown in Figure 12 (f), the output work of synchronous unit in the case of two kinds of controls
Rate variation tendency difference is nor very big, but its output power change curve is more smooth when using control method of the present invention.
To sum up, double-fed fan motor unit proposed by the invention participates in the control method of electric system frequency modulation for various wind speed
There is more universal adaptability, be capable of the variation of quickly response system frequency, once adjusted participating in power system frequency
While section, it is bent can to change power-frequency operation characteristic according to the control signal of different operating condition active response AGC
Line cooperates with the Synchronous generator in power grid to participate in frequency Secondary Control, the smooth power output curve of Synchronous generator,
Reduce the frequency modulation pressure of Synchronous generator.
The present invention is based on the principles that power-frequecy characteristic curve is moved when the secondary frequency of synchronous generator is adjusted, and devise
The propeller pitch angle additional controller of doubly-fed wind turbine can respond the control signal from AGC as synchronous machine.So
The AGC containing wind power plant is devised afterwards, can power partition coefficient be set according to the operation conditions of wind power plant, while according to wind
Deviation optimal control effect between electric field actual power and prediction power.Finally, existed based on IEEE15 bus-bar systems
The system model that the field containing large-scale wind power has been built on DIgSILENT/PowerFactory emulation platforms is emulated, and is established
Corresponding AGC models participate in the control method that power system frequency is adjusted to wind power plant and have carried out comparative analysis.It can by analysis
To obtain：(1) double-fed fan motor unit proposed by the invention participates in the control method of electric system frequency modulation for various wind speed
With more universal adaptability, the adjusting of system frequency is played an active part in high wind speed section, receives the control signal from AGC,
And low wind speed section is only involved in the Primary regulation of frequency in；(2) more had using the wind-powered electricity generation field energy of integrated control method of the present invention
Effect ground reduces stress event and causes the amplitude of frequency fluctuation, while smoothly can cause the song of frequency fluctuation due to wind speed variation
Line.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Wind turbines award setting method adjusted suitable for secondary frequency, which is characterized in that described to be suitable for two
The Wind turbines award setting method P that secondary frequencies are adjustedrefFor Wind turbines reference power；ΔPmFor the active regulated quantity of unit；
vavgFor the average value of past a bit of time wind speed；Take 5 second sampling time；βrefFor propeller pitch angle reference value；Propeller pitch angle variation speed
Degree is [- 4 °/s ,+4 °/s]；Propeller pitch angle value range is [- 1 ° ,+70 °]；
One secondary frequencies adjust and AGC common actions；One time frequency adjustment procedure assists secondary frequency to adjust.
2. a kind of AGC models being suitable for the Wind turbines award setting method that secondary frequency is adjusted as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the AGC models are divided into two regions, the AGC input quantities in wherein region 1 are only the deviation of frequency, control
Object is the Synchronous generator G of power plant 11；The improved AGC models of AGC in region 2；
AGC system model is according to frequency departure and exchanges power deviation zoning control deviation ACE, is calculated by PID control
Proportional component and quadrature components feed back to power grid by power plant's controller；Under fixed-frequency control pattern, the value of ACE is -10 β Δs f；
In the case where determining the net exchange power control pattern of interconnection, the value of ACE is Δ PT；Active power and FREQUENCY CONTROL are located at power grid layer, electricity
Factory's layer and motor layer；The AGC of interconnected network is controlled in top layer by system, and input is frequency f and contact in current system
Line exchanges power Pflow,k, (k=1 ..., p).
3. AGC models as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the ACE calculating formulas of the AGC models are：
In formula, PforecastFor wind power plant predicted value；PWmFor the output power of m Fans in wind power plant.
4. AGC models as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the secondary frequency of wind power plant of the AGC models adjusts ginseng
With COEFFICIENT Kwp：
In formula, PowFor the output power of wind power plant；Pw_setThe threshold value that frequency Secondary Control is participated in for the wind power plant of setting, and has
The spare setting value of work(is related；Ssyn_resFor the spare capacity of the synchronization unit of participation frequency Secondary Control in system；Sw_resFor
The spare capacity of wind power plant.
5. AGC models as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the distribution coefficient α of the AGC modelsiUsing automatic meter
Calculation method, KwpAs AGC calculation of distribution coefficient αiFoundation, define αsiFor i-th of conventional power plants using Synchronous generator
Distribution coefficient, αwFor the distribution coefficient of wind power plant, have：
In formula, Si_resFor the spare capacity of the conventional power plants of i-th of participation frequency modulation, αsiSize and corresponding power plant spare capacity
Size is directly proportional.
6. a kind of sent out using the wind-force for being suitable for the Wind turbines award setting method that secondary frequency is adjusted described in claim 1
Motor.
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| CN116526511A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-08-01 | 东北电力大学 | Method for controlling load frequency of multi-source cooperative participation system |
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| CN109245639A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of Wind turbines frequency modulation method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN109245639B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-09-01 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Frequency modulation method, device, equipment and medium for wind turbine generator |
| CN114286892A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-04-05 | 伯明翰大学 | Fast frequency support from wind turbine systems |
| CN111416365A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-14 | 三峡大学 | Asynchronous cooperative optimal AGC control system for wind power plant and conventional frequency modulation unit |
| CN111416365B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2024-03-12 | 三峡大学 | Asynchronous collaborative optimal AGC control system for wind power plant and conventional frequency modulation unit |
| CN113241778A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | AGC control method based on multi-region interconnected power grid |
| CN113809760A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-17 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Control method and device for wind power plant participating in secondary frequency modulation of power grid |
| CN113809760B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2024-01-26 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Control method and device for wind power plant to participate in secondary frequency modulation of power grid |
| CN114204579A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-18 | 湖北工业大学 | Energy storage output power shaping control method applied to power system frequency modulation |
| CN114204579B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2024-04-19 | 湖北工业大学 | Energy storage output power shaping control method applied to frequency modulation of power system |
| CN116526511A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-08-01 | 东北电力大学 | Method for controlling load frequency of multi-source cooperative participation system |
| CN116526511B (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2024-03-08 | 东北电力大学 | Method for controlling load frequency of multi-source cooperative participation system |
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