CN102299527B - Wind power station reactive power control method and system - Google Patents

Wind power station reactive power control method and system Download PDF

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CN102299527B
CN102299527B CN201110243683XA CN201110243683A CN102299527B CN 102299527 B CN102299527 B CN 102299527B CN 201110243683X A CN201110243683X A CN 201110243683XA CN 201110243683 A CN201110243683 A CN 201110243683A CN 102299527 B CN102299527 B CN 102299527B
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CN102299527A (en
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张宪平
潘磊
原美琳
徐佳园
秦明
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Guodian United Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a wind power station reactive power control method and a system. The wind power station high voltage side bus voltage is used as a control target, the reactive power is used as the regulating quantity, the wind power station voltage control strategy and the power factor control strategy are selected or the system reactive power output is forcibly controlled to be a constant value according to the wind power station voltage fluctuation range and the power factors, and in addition, the reactive power output values of each fan and integrated reactive compensation equipment in the wind power station are determined according to the reactive power reference values required to be output by the wind power station. When the technology of the invention is adopted, the reactive power output of the wind power station networking points meets the system requirements for inhibiting the bus voltage fluctuation and regulating the wind power station power factor, and in addition, the reactive power output of each wind power generator set and integrated reactive compensation equipment in the wind power station can be controlled in a harmonious way.

Description

A kind of reactive-power control method of wind power field and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generation, relate in particular to a kind of reactive-power control method of wind power field and system.
Background technology
Wind energy is at random with uncontrollable, and power and the also random fluctuation of voltage of blower fan output are interference sources to metastable electric power system.The large-scale wind power field is concentrated to be incorporated into the power networks and has been brought a series of far-reaching influences to safe operation and the economic dispatch of electric power system, wherein wind energy turbine set cause voltage-idle problem is to cause the earliest concern, also is one of problem the most common in the actual motion.
Early stage wind energy turbine set is carried out idle control by opening-closing capacitor bank to wind energy turbine set.In the weak situation of electric network composition, be subjected to the impact of wind energy change at random, only can not catch up with wind speed to the impact of electrical network by these capacitor groups.At present, newly-built wind energy turbine set has mostly disposed dynamic reactive compensation device, such as SVC, SVG etc., and the dynamic responding speed of regulating to improve reactive power.Wind energy turbine set disposes the reactive power compensator of suitable capacity, and carries out control and management according to system requirements, but stablizing of Effective Raise wind energy turbine set output voltage reduces wind-powered electricity generation to the disturbance of electrical network, and improves the fault ability of reply wind energy turbine set.
Development along with wind power technology, variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation unit becomes (mainly comprising variable speed constant frequency doubly-fed unit and total power converter blower fan) mainstream model of grid connected wind power field gradually, these types adopt four-quadrant high-power electric and electronic current transformer to be connected with electrical network, control by current transformer can realize gaining merit, idle decoupling zero is controlled, and possesses the ability of the idle output of dynamic adjustments.At double-fed variable speed constant frequency wind turbine prescription face, the GE company of the U.S. has developed the idle control product of wind energy turbine set " WindVAR ", the electronic-controlled installation by WindVAR system and unit self cooperate the voltage of control wind energy turbine set.
The WindVAR system is as control unit take GE wind-powered electricity generation unit, by the point voltage that is incorporated into the power networks in the collection of unit line attachment, compare with the reference voltage of setting and to obtain the real-time voltage deviation, ask for the Reactive Power Compensation in real time amount through the PI controller again, compensation rate is handed down to the wind-powered electricity generation unit.The WindVAR system of GE can guarantee the output reactive power real-time tracking access point change in voltage of wind-powered electricity generation unit, but it is take the wind-powered electricity generation unit as control unit, shortage is to the idle unified planning of whole wind energy turbine set, wind-powered electricity generation unit autonomous control, may between the wind-powered electricity generation unit, form larger reactive power trend, even some unit reactive power fan-out capability is reached capacity, reduce the stable of windfarm system.
Application number is that 201010172546.7 Chinese invention patent application " control method for coordinating of wind energy turbine set reactive voltage " discloses a kind of wind energy turbine set reactive power/voltage control method, the method is take wind farm grid-connected some reactive power as adjusting reference quantity, but do not provide the computational methods of reactive power reference quantity.In addition, it does not consider the centralized reactive-load compensation equipment in the wind energy turbine set on the command assignment of reactive power, if the unit output reactive power is only arranged, possibly can't satisfy the needs of system, and causes the waste of equipment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of reactive-power control method of wind power field and system, make the idle output of wind farm grid-connected point satisfy the demand of system, with fluctuation and the regulating wind power field power factor of inhibition busbar voltage, and the idle output of the interior every typhoon group of motors of coordination control wind energy turbine set and centralized reactive-load compensation equipment.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of reactive-power control method of wind power field may further comprise the steps:
A, measure the voltage U of wind farm grid-connected point in real time Mea, active-power P MeaAnd reactive power Q Mea, and will measure the voltage U that obtains MeaNominal voltage U with wind farm grid-connected some busbar voltage RefDifference be set to voltage deviation Δ U, simultaneously according to active-power P MeaAnd reactive power Q MeaCalculate the also actual power factor λ of site Mea
B, according to electrical network the requirement of voltage and power factor deviation is arranged the dead band threshold value of voltage deviation Δ U and the dead band threshold value of power factor deviation delta λ;
C, at first judge that voltage deviation Δ U is whether in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U, next judges that power factor deviation delta λ is whether in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, if voltage deviation Δ U is not in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U, then go to step D, if voltage deviation Δ U in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U and power factor deviation delta λ not in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, then go to step e; If voltage deviation Δ U in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U and power factor deviation delta λ in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, then control total reactive power value that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefThe also site reactive power Q that equals to detect Mea, and go to step F;
D, wind energy turbine set voltage control module are inputted voltage deviation Δ U the Proportional coefficient K of regulation voltage deviation SlopeModule obtains reactive power reference qref Q Ref, reactive power reference qref Q RefWith reactive power Q MeaDifference total reactive power value Q that need export as wind energy turbine set after processing through pi regulator WFref, and go to step F;
The power factor λ that E, wind energy turbine set power factor controlling module require according to electrical network RefActive-power P with actual measurement Mea, obtain reactive power reference qref Q Ref, reactive power reference qref Q RefWith reactive power Q MeaDifference total reactive power value Q that need export as wind energy turbine set after processing through pi regulator WFref, and go to step F;
F, according to the P-Q characteristic of blower fan real time execution operating mode and blower fan, calculate total reactive power output stage limit value Q of wind energy turbine set inner blower Max, and calculate total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefWith total reactive power output stage limit value Q MaxDifference DELTA Q WFrefIf, difference DELTA Q WFrefGreater than zero, the wind energy turbine set inner blower total idle command value Q that need to export then TrefBe set to total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefIf difference DELTA Q WFrefLess than zero, the blower fan total idle command value Q that need to export then TrefBe set to total reactive power output stage limit value Q Max, the idle instruction of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment output is total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported in the wind energy turbine set WFrefWith total reactive power output stage limit value Q MaxDifference DELTA Q WFref, and difference DELTA Q WFrefBe no more than the centralized reactive-load compensation equipment capacity of being furnished with in the wind energy turbine set;
G, wind mill group is idle allocation strategy module are distributed reactive power to every Fans, wherein the blower fan reactive power of i platform output reference value Q IrefComputing formula as shown in the formula:
Q iref = Q i max Q max · Q Tref ,
Wherein Q ImaxBe the maximum reactive power output valve of expection of i Fans, Q MaxBe the total reactive power output stage of wind energy turbine set limit value, Q TrefBe the total idle command value that the wind energy turbine set inner blower need to be exported, n is the wind electric field blower number of units.
Among the step D, the Proportional coefficient K of regulation voltage deviation SlopeModule realizes according to the reactive voltage coefficient of sensitivity.
In step D and the step e, the adjusting range K of pi regulator realizes according to response speed and control precision, satisfies following formula:
Q WFref = K ( ΔQ ( t ) + 1 T ∫ 0 T ΔQ ( t ) dt ) , Wherein T is integration time constant.
In step D and the step e, the maximum idle output valve of the expection of wind energy turbine set is Q under this operating condition in the pi regulator WFmaxWith the expection minimum idle output valve be Q WFmin, the idle reference value of wind energy turbine set is limited in the maximum idle output valve Q of expection WFmaxWith the minimum idle output valve Q of expection WFminBetween the two, Q wherein WFmaxBe the maximum idle output of expection of all blower fans and the maximum idle output sum of expection of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment, Q WFmaxBe the minimum idle output of expection of all blower fans and the minimum idle output sum of expection of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment.
A kind of reactive power control system of wind power station, comprise the given module of reference value, the dotted state that is incorporated into the power networks acquisition module, the reactive source state acquisition module, wind energy turbine set control mode decision-making module, allocation strategy module that the wind energy turbine set level is idle, allocation strategy module that wind mill group is idle, allocation strategy module that reactive-load compensation equipment is idle, blower fan, centralized reactive-load compensation equipment and and the site, wherein, the given module of reference value is connected with the dispatching of power netwoks communication interface, the dotted state that is incorporated into the power networks acquisition module with and the site be connected, the given module of reference value, the dotted state that is incorporated into the power networks acquisition module is connected with the reactive source state acquisition module with wind energy turbine set control mode decision-making module and is connected, wind energy turbine set control mode decision-making module is connected with the idle allocation strategy module of wind energy turbine set level, allocation strategy module that the wind energy turbine set level is idle is connected the allocation strategy module with the idle allocation strategy module of wind mill group respectively and is connected with reactive-load compensation equipment, allocation strategy module that wind mill group is idle be no less than 1 blower fan and be connected, allocation strategy module that reactive-load compensation equipment is idle is connected with centralized reactive-load compensation equipment, blower fan be connected reactive-load compensation equipment respectively with and the site be connected, blower fan be connected reactive-load compensation equipment and also be connected with the reactive source state acquisition module respectively.
Adopted technical scheme of the present invention, can be take wind energy turbine set high-voltage side bus voltage as the control target, with reactive power as adjustment amount, fluctuation range and power factor according to the wind energy turbine set busbar voltage are selected wind energy turbine set voltage control strategy, power factor controlling strategy or are forced the idle steady state value that is output as of control system, and according to the reactive power reference qref that the wind energy turbine set needs are exported, determine the reactive power output valve of the interior every Fans of wind energy turbine set and centralized reactive-load compensation equipment.Technical solution of the present invention can suppress the wind energy turbine set voltage fluctuation that the one's respective area load causes, the regulating power factor satisfies the requirement of electrical network, reactive power output in the unified control wind energy turbine set, and the running status of coordination wind-powered electricity generation unit and reactive-load compensation equipment, fully play the stable effect of windfarm system of keeping.It is relevant with the running status of unit that technical solution of the present invention has fully taken into account the idle output characteristic of unit, take the idle output maximum of unit as according to for the instruction of every Fans distribution reactive power, given full play to the idle fan-out capability of each unit, the fail safe that has improved equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of reactive power control system of wind power station in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is reactive power control system of wind power station control flow chart in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of reactive power control system of wind power station in the specific embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, allocation strategy module 105 that this reactive power control system of wind power station comprises the given module 101 of reference value, the dotted state that is incorporated into the power networks acquisition module 102, reactive source state acquisition module 103, wind energy turbine set control mode decision-making module 104, the wind energy turbine set level is idle, wind mill group is idle allocation strategy module 106, reactive-load compensation equipment is idle allocation strategy module 107, blower fan 108, centralized reactive-load compensation equipment 109 and and site 110.
Wherein, the given module of reference value is connected with dispatching of power netwoks communication interface 111, the dotted state that is incorporated into the power networks acquisition module with and the site be connected, the given module of reference value, the dotted state that is incorporated into the power networks acquisition module is connected with the reactive source state acquisition module with wind energy turbine set control mode decision-making module and is connected, wind energy turbine set control mode decision-making module is connected with the idle allocation strategy module of wind energy turbine set level, allocation strategy module that the wind energy turbine set level is idle is connected the allocation strategy module with the idle allocation strategy module of wind mill group respectively and is connected with reactive-load compensation equipment, allocation strategy module that wind mill group is idle be no less than 1 blower fan and be connected, allocation strategy module that reactive-load compensation equipment is idle is connected with centralized reactive-load compensation equipment, blower fan be connected reactive-load compensation equipment respectively with and the site be connected, blower fan be connected reactive-load compensation equipment and also be connected with the reactive source state acquisition module respectively.
Fig. 2 is wind energy turbine set Reactive Power Control flow chart in the specific embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, this wind energy turbine set Reactive Power Control flow process may further comprise the steps:
Step 201, measure the voltage U of wind farm grid-connected point in real time Mea, active-power P MeaAnd reactive power Q Mea, and will measure the voltage U that obtains MeaNominal voltage U with wind farm grid-connected some busbar voltage RefDifference be set to voltage deviation Δ U, simultaneously according to active-power P MeaAnd reactive power Q MeaCalculate the also actual power factor λ of site Mea
Step 202, according to electrical network the requirement of voltage and power factor deviation is arranged the dead band threshold value of voltage deviation Δ U and the dead band threshold value of power factor deviation delta λ.
Step 203, at first judge that voltage deviation Δ U is whether in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U, next judges that power factor deviation delta λ is whether in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, if voltage deviation Δ U is not in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U, then go to step 204, if voltage deviation Δ U in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U and power factor deviation delta λ not in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, then go to step 205; If voltage deviation Δ U in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U and power factor deviation delta λ in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, then control the idle output of wind energy turbine set powerless control system Q WFrefThe also site reactive power Q that equals to detect Mea, and go to step 206.
Step 204, wind energy turbine set voltage control module are inputted voltage deviation Δ U the Proportional coefficient K of regulation voltage deviation SlopeModule obtains reactive power reference qref Q Ref, reactive power reference qref Q RefWith reactive power Q MeaDifference total reactive power value Q that need export as wind energy turbine set after processing through pi regulator WFref, and go to step 206.Wherein, the Proportional coefficient K of regulation voltage deviation SlopeModule is advanced to realize according to idle coefficient of sensitivity.
Step 205, wind energy turbine set power factor controlling module are according to the power factor of electrical network requirement and the active-power P of actual measurement Mea, obtain reactive power reference qref Q Ref, reactive power reference qref Q RefWith reactive power Q MeaDifference total reactive power value Q that need export as wind energy turbine set after processing through pi regulator WFref, and go to step 206.
In step 204 and the step 205, the adjusting range K of pi regulator realizes according to response speed and control precision, satisfies following formula:
Q WFref = K ( ΔQ ( t ) + 1 T ∫ 0 T ΔQ ( t ) dt ) , Wherein T is integration time constant.
In step 204 and the step 205, the maximum idle output valve of the expection of wind energy turbine set is Q under this operating condition in the pi regulator WFmaxWith the expection minimum idle output valve be Q WFmin, the idle reference value of wind energy turbine set is limited in the maximum idle output valve Q of expection WFmaxWith the minimum idle output valve Q of expection WFminBetween the two, Q wherein WFmaxBe the maximum idle output of expection of all blower fans and the maximum idle output sum of expection of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment, Q WFmaxBe the minimum idle output of expection of all blower fans and the minimum idle output sum of expection of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment.
Step 206, according to the P-Q characteristic of blower fan real time execution operating mode and blower fan, calculate total reactive power output stage limit value Q of wind energy turbine set inner blower Max, and calculate total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefWith total reactive power output stage limit value Q MaxDifference DELTA Q WFrefIf, difference DELTA Q WFrefGreater than zero, the wind energy turbine set inner blower total idle command value Q that need to export then TrefBe set to total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefIf difference DELTA Q WFrefLess than zero, the blower fan total idle command value Q that need to export then TrefBe set to total reactive power output stage limit value Q Max, the idle instruction of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment output is total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported in the wind energy turbine set WFrefWith total reactive power output stage limit value Q MaxDifference DELTA Q WFref, and difference DELTA Q WFrefBe no more than the centralized reactive-load compensation equipment capacity of being furnished with in the wind energy turbine set.
Step 207, wind mill group is idle allocation strategy module are distributed reactive power to every Fans, wherein the blower fan reactive power of i platform output reference value Q IrefComputing formula as shown in the formula:
Q iref = Q i max Q max · Q Tref ,
Wherein
Figure BDA0000085518270000092
Q ImaxBe the maximum reactive power output valve of expection of i Fans, Q MaxBe the total reactive power output stage of wind energy turbine set limit value, Q TrefBe the total idle command value that the wind energy turbine set inner blower need to be exported, n is the wind electric field blower number of units.
The above; only for the better embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.

Claims (4)

1. a reactive-power control method of wind power field is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, measure the voltage U of wind farm grid-connected point in real time Mea, active-power P MeaAnd reactive power Q Mea, and will measure the voltage U that obtains MeaNominal voltage U with wind farm grid-connected some busbar voltage RefDifference be set to voltage deviation Δ U, simultaneously according to active-power P MeaAnd reactive power Q MeaCalculate the also actual power factor λ of site Mea
B, according to electrical network the requirement of voltage and power factor deviation is arranged the dead band threshold value of voltage deviation Δ U and the dead band threshold value of power factor deviation delta λ;
C, at first judge that voltage deviation Δ U is whether in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U, next judges that power factor deviation delta λ is whether in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, if voltage deviation Δ U is not in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U, then go to step D, if voltage deviation Δ U in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U and power factor deviation delta λ not in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, then go to step e; If voltage deviation Δ U in the dead band threshold range of voltage deviation Δ U and power factor deviation delta λ in the dead band threshold range of power factor deviation delta λ, then control total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefThe also site reactive power Q that equals to detect Mea, and go to step F;
D, wind energy turbine set voltage control module are inputted voltage deviation Δ U the Proportional coefficient K of regulation voltage deviation SlopeModule obtains reactive power reference qref Q Ref, reactive power reference qref Q RefWith reactive power Q MeaDifference total reactive power value Q that need export as wind energy turbine set after processing through pi regulator WFref, and go to step F;
The power factor λ that E, wind energy turbine set power factor controlling module require according to electrical network RefActive-power P with actual measurement Mea, obtain reactive power reference qref Q Ref, reactive power reference qref Q RefWith reactive power Q MeaDifference total reactive power value Q that need export as wind energy turbine set after processing through pi regulator WFref, and go to step F;
F, according to the P-Q characteristic of blower fan real time execution operating mode and blower fan, calculate total reactive power output stage limit value Q of wind energy turbine set inner blower Max, and calculate total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefWith total reactive power output stage limit value Q MaxDifference DELTA Q WFrefIf, difference DELTA Q WFrefGreater than zero, the wind energy turbine set inner blower total idle command value Q that need to export then TrefBe set to total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported WFrefIf difference DELTA Q WFrefLess than zero, the blower fan total idle command value Q that need to export then TrefBe set to total reactive power output stage limit value Q Max, the idle instruction of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment output is total reactive power value Q that wind energy turbine set need be exported in the wind energy turbine set WFrefWith total reactive power output stage limit value Q MaxDifference DELTA Q WFref, and difference DELTA Q WFrefBe no more than the centralized reactive-load compensation equipment capacity of being furnished with in the wind energy turbine set;
G, wind mill group is idle allocation strategy module are distributed reactive power to every Fans, wherein the blower fan reactive power of i platform output reference value Q IrefComputing formula as shown in the formula:
Q iref = Q i max Q max · Q Tref ，
Wherein , Q ImaxBe the maximum reactive power output valve of expection of i Fans, Q MaxBe the total reactive power output stage of wind energy turbine set limit value, Q TrefBe the total idle command value that the wind energy turbine set inner blower need to be exported, n is the wind electric field blower number of units.
2. a kind of reactive-power control method of wind power field according to claim 1 is characterized in that, among the step D, and the Proportional coefficient K of regulation voltage deviation SlopeModule realizes according to the reactive voltage coefficient of sensitivity.
3. a kind of reactive-power control method of wind power field according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step D and the step e, the adjusting range K of pi regulator realizes according to response speed and control precision, satisfies following formula:
Figure FDA0000281573883
, wherein T is integration time constant.
4. a kind of reactive-power control method of wind power field according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step D and the step e, the maximum idle output valve of the expection of wind energy turbine set is Q under this operating condition in the pi regulator WFmaxWith the expection minimum idle output valve be Q WFmin, the idle reference value of wind energy turbine set is limited in the maximum idle output valve Q of expection WFmaxWith the minimum idle output valve Q of expection WFminBetween the two, Q wherein WFmaxBe the maximum idle output of expection of all blower fans and the maximum idle output sum of expection of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment, Q WFmaxBe the minimum idle output of expection of all blower fans and the minimum idle output sum of expection of centralized reactive-load compensation equipment.
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