CN103036249B - Coordination control method of wind accumulation - Google Patents

Coordination control method of wind accumulation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103036249B
CN103036249B CN201210477712.3A CN201210477712A CN103036249B CN 103036249 B CN103036249 B CN 103036249B CN 201210477712 A CN201210477712 A CN 201210477712A CN 103036249 B CN103036249 B CN 103036249B
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wind
energy
power
storage system
accumulation
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CN103036249A (en
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唐西胜
苗福丰
齐智平
贺惠民
吴涛
李善颖
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
North China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
North China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Abstract

A coordination control method of wind accumulation is characterized in that according to response of wind turbine generation set rotor control, pitch control and energy storage control to the technical economic characteristics of time, rate of power, volume, cost and the like, operation status data of a wind power plant, a wind turbine generation set, an energy storage system and an electric power system can be collected in real time. The best operating economy of wind accumulation operation is chosen as an aim. The rotor speed of the wind turbine generation set, the pitch angle and the physics limit of the energy storage system are regarded as constraint conditions. Start order, output power, lasting time and quit order of the wind turbine generation set rotor, the winder turbine generation set pitch angle and the energy storage system are coordinately controlled. Wind accumulation frequency modulation requirements and a power grid dispatching power order of an electrical power system are satisfied with the lower volume of stored energy. A Wind discharging rate of wind generating is reduced and economic benefit of wind accumulation is improved.

Description

A kind of control method for coordinating of wind accumulation
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control method for coordinating of a kind of energy-accumulating power station and wind power plant cluster.
Background technology
At present, worldwide energy shortage, greenhouse effect seriously annoying human development, and for solving the problem, countries in the world are from technology, policy and finance supporting regenerative resource large-scale development and application.Wind power generation is high with its technology maturity, and cost is low, can large-scale development application advantage be at home and abroad rapidly developed.
By the impact of the factors such as Changes in weather, machine unit characteristic, wake effect, wind power has fluctuation, randomness and intermittence.Large-scale wind power is grid-connected proposes new challenge to aspects such as Electric Power Network Planning, voltage-regulation, FREQUENCY CONTROL, management and running patterns.For ensureing the reliable and secure economical operation of electric power system, standard GB/T/T19963-2011 " wind energy turbine set access power system technology specifies " proposes requirement to the active power regulation ability of the wind energy turbine set that is incorporated into the power networks:
A () wind energy turbine set should meet the regulation of DL/T 1040, possess and participate in electric power system frequency modulation, peak regulation and requirement for subsequent use.
B () wind energy turbine set should be configured with power control system, possess active power regulation ability.
(c) when active power of wind power field is more than 20% of gross rated capacity time, in field meritorious exert oneself exceed rated capacity 20% all generating sets, the continuously smooth that can realize active power regulates, and participates in active power controller.
D () wind energy turbine set should be able to receive and automatically perform the control command of active power that power system dispatching structure assigns and active power change, it is consistent that active power of wind power field and active power change the set-point should assigned in power system dispatching structure.
The rotor that active power of wind power field control technology mainly contains Wind turbines controls and variable pitch control two kinds of modes.Rotor controls by controlling spinner velocity change, and release/absorption portion energy in short-term, with quick response system power transient change, provides the moment of inertia being similar to conventional rack; But because rotor speed recovery process subsequently can absorb/release portion energy, thus the regulating power of this mode is limited.Variable pitch control, by controlling the propeller pitch angle of blower fan, makes it be in a certain operating point under maximum power point, to reserve certain reserve capacity; This mode regulating power is comparatively strong, and adjustable range is comparatively large, but power benefit can be made to decline.The power adjustments mode of above-mentioned two kinds of Wind turbines is inevitably limited by the running status of blower fan, response time, power climbing rate and reserve capacity validity is restricted, and there is certain blind area.In addition, unit frequently participate in system power regulate also can cause the problems such as mechanical wear increase, unit durability reduction.
Energy-storage system is applied to wind energy turbine set, utilize its fast response time, control flexible, stable feature, control and variable pitch control coordinated operation with the rotor of wind-powered electricity generation, comprehensive utilization rotor control response speed is fast, change oar controls duration length and energy storage controls to fill the flexible characteristic that can put, smooth wind power field goes out fluctuation, fill up Wind turbines power adjustments blind area, reduce wind power to the impact of power network safety operation, meet system to specify the power adjustments of integrated wind plant, strengthen the grid-connected ability of wind power integration electric power system.
Chinese patent CN101931241A wind farm grid-connected coordination control method, proposition utilizes Wind turbines rotor to participate in system primary frequency modulation, energy-storage system is coordinated by one order inertia filter with change oar, its weak point is rotor, become between oar and energy storage three and lack organic coordination, its coordination strategy does not consider three kinds of power control modes technical characteristic separately, lack optimal control, cause energy storage configuration capacity larger, Wind turbines frequently participates in power and controls, mechanical loss increases, reduce unit useful life, reduce wind accumulation coordinated operation economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming prior art, propose a kind of control method for coordinating of wind accumulation.The present invention controls by coordinating Wind turbines rotor, become oar to control and energy storage control, the technical advantage of comprehensive utilization three power adjustments, with less energy storage configuration capacity, meet the power instruction of electric power system to the frequency modulation requirement of wind accumulation and dispatching of power netwoks, reduce wind-powered electricity generation stochastic volatility power to the impact of power network safety operation, improve the online rate of wind power, reduce and abandon wind and to ration the power supply phenomenon, wind accumulation is made to possess the reliable of conventional power source to a certain extent, considerable, controlled and adjustable ability, and the frequency adjustment realized electrical network, voltage control and stable support.
For achieving the above object, wind accumulation control method for coordinating step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the real-time running state data of wind energy turbine set, each Wind turbines, energy-storage system and electric power system are gathered;
(2) according to power system frequency state and change thereof, according to frequency modulation demand or dispatching of power netwoks instruction, by the data acquisition of wind accumulation and Monitor and Control platform to air-out accumulation power stage variable quantity reference value P g.
(3) according to the variable quantity P of wind accumulation power stage gunder the prerequisite meeting Wind turbines and energy-storage system physical constraint, initiating sequence, power output, the duration of cooperation control Wind turbines rotor, Wind turbines propeller pitch angle and energy-storage system and exit sequence, the resultant effect of Wind turbines rotor, Wind turbines propeller pitch angle and energy-storage system power output is made to meet wind accumulation power stage variable quantity reference value P g, concrete steps are as follows:
A) first, acceleration or deceleration control is carried out to the rotor of part or all of Wind turbines, make the power output variable quantity P of described part or all of Wind turbines ωmeet wind accumulation power stage variable quantity P g, P ω=P g, described rotor runs in the scope that rotating speed allows;
B) when spinner velocity runs maximum or minimum value close to rotor speed, rotor acceleration or deceleration process closes to an end, the energy that absorbs/discharge by complete, i.e. P ω< P gtime, charge and discharge control is carried out to energy-storage system, makes the power output P of energy-storage system emeet: P ω+ P e=P g, described energy-storage system power output is less than the maximum charge-discharge electric power of energy-storage system;
C) along with energy-storage system state-of-charge reaches its maximum run or minimum value, energy-storage system tunability declines, and carries out change oar and controls, make the power output variable quantity P of this part or all of Wind turbines to part or all of Wind turbines βmeet: P ω+ P e+ P β=P g, described Wind turbines propeller pitch angle runs within the range of permission, and this part Wind turbines and the part Wind turbines in step a) can be same target or different objects.
Further, the wind energy turbine set of described step (1) is the field be connected with points of common connection, and the wind energy turbine set of described step (1) is the field be connected with points of common connection, is the cluster of separate unit Wind turbines or a wind energy turbine set or multiple wind energy turbine set.
Further, the running of wind generating set status data of described step (1) comprises rotor speed, propeller pitch angle, power.
Further, the energy-storage system of described step (1) is the energy-storage system be connected with points of common connection, is single energy storage, two kinds of energy storage or multiple energy-storage system.
Further, the energy-storage system running state data of described step (1), comprises power and state-of-charge.
Further, the electric power system of described step (1) is the electric power system of points of common connection access.
Further, the operation states of electric power system data of described step (1), comprise voltage and the frequency of points of common connection.
Further, the dispatching of power netwoks of described step (2) is the upper strata scheduling institution of wind accumulation.
Further, the dispatching of power netwoks power instruction of described step (2), comprises automatic generation control and three frequency modulation.
Further, the physical constraint condition of described step (3), comprising:
(1) rotor speed range of operation ω ∈ (ω min, ω max);
(2) the excursion β ∈ (β of propeller pitch angle min, β max) and rate of change | Δ β/Δ t| < c, wherein Δ t is the time interval, and Δ β is at time interval Δ t propeller pitch angle changing value, and c is propeller pitch angle rate of change constraint constant;
(3) power constraint of energy-storage system | P| < P rwith state-of-charge constraint SOC ∈ (SOC min, SOC max), wherein P rfor the maximum charge-discharge electric power of energy-storage system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The sequential power technology characteristic schematic diagram that Fig. 1 rotor of the present invention controls;
Fig. 2 the present invention becomes the sequential power technology characteristic schematic diagram that oar controls;
The sequential power technology characteristic schematic diagram that Fig. 3 energy storage of the present invention controls;
The control method for coordinating schematic diagram of Fig. 4 wind accumulation of the present invention;
The sequential power technology characteristic schematic diagram of Fig. 5 wind accumulation of the present invention cooperation control.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with figure, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, blower fan machine group rotor control response speed is fast, and the power-adjustable that can provide is less, the duration is shorter, is easily subject to the impact of operating states of the units.
As shown in Figure 2, blower fan set pitch control regulating and controlling ability is comparatively strong, and adjustable range is comparatively large, but by blade inertia effects, response speed is comparatively slow, operates in non-optimal point, causes wind power generation benefit to reduce.
As shown in Figure 3, energy-storage system fast response time, the blind area not being subject to the restriction of Wind turbines running status, filling up the control of Wind turbines rotor and the control of change oar, but cost is higher.
As shown in Figure 4, line voltage U and the frequency f status data of the running state data of wind energy turbine set, the running state data of energy-storage system and wind accumulation grid integration point is gathered.The running state data of wind energy turbine set comprises voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power.The running state data of energy-storage system comprises the state-of-charge of active power, reactive power, battery pack.The above-mentioned data collected are delivered to wind accumulation DAM parametric controller, wind accumulation DAM parametric controller according to the instruction of dispatching of power netwoks or electric power system frequency modulation demand, by the data acquisition of wind accumulation and Monitor and Control platform to air-out accumulation power stage variable quantity reference value P g, participate in the frequency adjustment of electrical network.
From the angle of power system frequency and quality of voltage and stability, wish wind accumulation active power exporting change amount P gthis part energy steadily reliable, this part energy can by Wind turbines rotor speed control, Wind turbines award setting, and energy-storage system provides.Described rotor control method is the rotating speed by controlling electric generating set rotor, and the deceleration making it of short duration or acceleration, to discharge or to store certain energy.Described variable pitch control method is the propeller pitch angle by controlling Wind turbines, changes the Windward angle of fan blade, and then changes the mechanical output of blower fan input, to realize the change of power output.Described energy-storage system, by controlling the power instruction of the grid-connected Power Conditioning Unit of energy storage, makes the I/O of energy-storage system active power change, to realize the object of power adjustments.The energy that rotor control method provides is provided by the temporary variations of rotor speed, must carry out rotating speed recovery after of short duration acceleration or deceleration, and make the duration of its power stage shorter, regulating power is limited; And by the restriction of natural conditions, the energy that variable pitch control provides can not stable supplying along with the fluctuation of wind speed.Energy-storage system can provide stable and lasting power, if but only depend on energy-storage system, the capacity configuration of energy storage can be made very large, and macroeconomic declines.The present invention fully utilizes that Fig. 1-Fig. 3 Wind turbines rotor controls, the power adjustments characteristic of Wind turbines variable pitch control and energy-storage system, coordinate the control procedure between three, optimize energy that distribution rotor controls to provide, energy that variable pitch control can provide, and the energy that energy-storage system can provide.
The step of cooperation control Wind turbines rotor of the present invention, Wind turbines propeller pitch angle and energy-storage system is:
A) first, wind accumulation DAM parametric controller sends rotor speed control instruction to part or all Wind turbines, this instruction issuing, to the rotor controlling unit of Wind turbines, carries out acceleration or deceleration control to rotor, makes the variable quantity P of its power output ωmeet wind accumulation power stage variable quantity P g, P ω=P g, described rotor runs in the scope that rotating speed allows;
B) after certain hour, representative value is 2 ~ 6 seconds, and rotor kinetic energy will absorb/discharge complete, and acceleration or deceleration process closes to an end, i.e. P ω< P gtime, wind accumulation DAM parametric controller sends charge or discharge instruction to energy-storage system, and this instruction issuing saves to the power control loop of energy-storage system, adjusts its power output P e, to meet: P ω+ P e=P g, described energy-storage system power output is less than its maximum charge-discharge electric power;
C) again after another a period of time, the decline of energy storage tunability, wind accumulation DAM parametric controller sends part or all of Wind turbines and becomes oar control command, this instruction issuing is to the award setting link of Wind turbines, regulate the Windward angle of fan blade, make the variable quantity P of its power output βmeet: P ω+ P e+ P β=P g, the propeller pitch angle of described Wind turbines runs within the range of permission, and described part Wind turbines and the part Wind turbines in step a) can be same target or different objects.
Fig. 5, for adopting wind accumulation control method for coordinating, by the rotor power of wind accumulation optimization output power distribution, becomes oar power and energy storage power schematic diagram.Can find out, rotor controls by controlling spinner velocity change, and release/absorption portion energy in short-term, can respond the changed power demand of Wind turbines fast, provide the moment of inertia being similar to conventional rack; But because rotor speed recovery process subsequently can absorb/release portion energy, thus the regulating power of this mode is limited.Variable pitch control, by controlling the propeller pitch angle of fan blade, regulates the input mechanical output of blower fan, thus follows the tracks of the power output change demand of Wind turbines; This mode power regulating range is comparatively large, and duration is longer, but running of wind generating set is at non-maximum power point, there is certain power generation loss, and owing to there is the change oar link of machinery, response speed is also slower.In addition, the rotor of Wind turbines controls and becomes the running status that oar controls all inevitably to be limited by blower fan, and especially wind speed frequently and be difficult to the impact of the change predicted, Shortcomings in the confidence level of reserve capacity.Energy-storage system fast response time, control flexibly, can provide stable and lasting power, if but only adopt energy-storage system, stored energy capacitance can be made to configure very large, macroeconomic declines.Energy-storage system is applied to wind energy turbine set by the present invention; to control with the rotor of Wind turbines and variable pitch control is coordinated mutually; comprehensive utilization rotor control response speed is fast, change oar controls duration length and energy storage controls feature flexibly; its comprehensive power output effect is made to meet rapidity, stationarity and persistence requirements; for wind accumulation provides reliable and stable reserve capacity to support; make wind energy turbine set possess frequency regulation capability and the reserve capacity of similar conventional rack, improve the rear stability of power system of wind electricity large-scale access and the quality of power supply.
The present invention's power adjustments in the generating of wind accumulation has higher technology economy advantage, required energy storage configuration capacity greatly reduces, and avoid Wind turbines frequently to participate in system power and regulate, unit loss reduces, life, improves the economic benefit that wind accumulation is run.

Claims (10)

1. a control method for coordinating for wind accumulation, is characterized in that, the step of control method for coordinating is as follows:
(1) the real-time running state data of wind energy turbine set, each Wind turbines, energy-storage system and electric power system are gathered;
(2) according to power system frequency state and change thereof, according to frequency modulation demand or dispatching of power netwoks instruction, by the data acquisition of wind accumulation and Monitor and Control platform to air-out accumulation power stage variable quantity reference value P g;
(3) according to the variable quantity P of wind accumulation power stage gunder the prerequisite meeting Wind turbines and energy-storage system physical constraint, initiating sequence, power output size, the duration of cooperation control Wind turbines rotor, Wind turbines propeller pitch angle and energy-storage system and exit sequence, the resultant effect of Wind turbines rotor, Wind turbines propeller pitch angle and energy-storage system power output is made to meet wind accumulation power stage variable quantity reference value P g, concrete steps are as follows:
A) acceleration or deceleration control is carried out to the rotor of part or all of Wind turbines, make the power output variable quantity P of described part or all of Wind turbines ωequal wind accumulation power stage variable quantity reference value P g, P ω=P g, described rotor runs in the scope that rotating speed allows;
B) when spinner velocity runs maximum or minimum value close to rotor speed, rotor acceleration or deceleration process closes to an end, the energy that absorbs/discharge by complete, i.e. P ω< P gtime, charge and discharge control is carried out to energy-storage system, makes the power output P of energy-storage system emeet: P ω+ P e=P g, described energy-storage system power output is less than the maximum charge-discharge electric power of energy-storage system;
C) along with energy-storage system state-of-charge reaches its maximum run or minimum value, the tunability of energy-storage system declines, and carries out change oar and controls, make this part or all of Wind turbines power output variable quantity P to part or all of Wind turbines βmeet: P ω+ P e+ P β=P g, the propeller pitch angle of described Wind turbines runs within the range of permission, this part Wind turbines and step a) in part Wind turbines be same target or different objects.
2. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the wind energy turbine set of described step (1) is the wind energy turbine set be connected with points of common connection, is the cluster of separate unit Wind turbines or a wind energy turbine set or multiple wind energy turbine set.
3. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the running of wind generating set status data of described step (1) comprises rotor speed, propeller pitch angle, power.
4. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the energy-storage system of described step (1) is the energy-storage system be connected with points of common connection, is single energy-storage system or two kinds of energy-storage systems or multiple energy-storage system.
5. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the energy-storage system running state data of described step (1) comprises power and state-of-charge.
6. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the electric power system of described step (1) is the electric power system of points of common connection access.
7. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the operation states of electric power system data of described step (1) comprise voltage and the frequency of points of common connection.
8. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dispatching of power netwoks of described step (2) is the upper strata scheduling institution of wind accumulation.
9. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dispatching of power netwoks power instruction of described step (2) comprises automatic generation control and three frequency modulation.
10. the control method for coordinating of wind accumulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the physical constraint condition of described step (3), comprising:
1) rotor speed range of operation ω ∈ (ω min, ω max);
2) the excursion β ∈ (β of propeller pitch angle min, β max) and rate of change | Δ β/Δ t| < c; Wherein Δ t is the time interval, and Δ β is at time interval Δ t propeller pitch angle changing value, and c is propeller pitch angle rate of change constraint constant;
3) power constraint of energy-storage system | P| < P rwith state-of-charge constraint SOC ∈ (SOC min, SOC max), wherein P rfor the maximum charge-discharge electric power of energy-storage system.
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Inventor after: Tang Xisheng

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Inventor after: Qi Zhiping

Inventor after: He Huimin

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Inventor after: Li Shanying

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