CN111754361B - Energy storage capacity optimal configuration method and computing device of wind-storage combined frequency modulation system - Google Patents

Energy storage capacity optimal configuration method and computing device of wind-storage combined frequency modulation system Download PDF

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CN111754361B
CN111754361B CN202010609764.6A CN202010609764A CN111754361B CN 111754361 B CN111754361 B CN 111754361B CN 202010609764 A CN202010609764 A CN 202010609764A CN 111754361 B CN111754361 B CN 111754361B
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frequency modulation
wind
energy storage
power
rated
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CN111754361A (en
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张敏
王金浩
罗旸凡
常潇
董厚琦
樊瑞
李冉
李慧蓬
赵军
孙昌雯
张世锋
肖莹
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Of Sepc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Electricity, gas or water supply
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/06—Multi-objective optimisation, e.g. Pareto optimisation using simulated annealing [SA], ant colony algorithms or genetic algorithms [GA]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/06—Wind turbines or wind farms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage capacity optimal configuration method of a wind storage combined frequency modulation system, wherein the wind storage combined frequency modulation system realizes frequency modulation through an energy storage device and a fan standby, and the method is executed in computing equipment and comprises the following steps: acquiring operation parameters of a wind storage combined frequency modulation system; establishing a wind storage combined optimization model according to the operation parameters, wherein the model comprises an objective function and a constraint condition, the objective function is used for calculating the operation cost and the frequency modulation effect of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system, and the optimization objective of the optimization model is to minimize the value of the objective function; calculating an optimal solution of the optimization model to determine an energy storage configuration proportion; and configuring the capacity of an energy storage device and the standby number of fans in the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the energy storage configuration proportion. The invention also discloses corresponding computing equipment.

Description

Energy storage capacity optimal configuration method and computing device of wind-storage combined frequency modulation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system frequency modulation, in particular to an energy storage capacity optimal configuration method and computing equipment of a wind storage combined frequency modulation system.
Background
With the gradual exhaustion of traditional energy sources and the gradual serious environmental pollution, the grid-connected power generation of renewable energy sources becomes an important means for overcoming the energy crisis. By 2050 years, the proportion of new energy installed in China is increased from 20% to 60% -70%. Wind power is a new energy with wide application, and the installed capacity ratio in China is continuously increased. However, the power system frequency modulation task is mainly undertaken by a hydroelectric generating set and a medium-temperature medium-pressure thermal generating set, and the wind generating set generally operates in a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode and generally does not undertake the frequency modulation task. The installed capacity of wind power is increased, and the original thermal power generating unit is replaced, so that the frequency modulation capability of the power system is reduced. Therefore, an energy storage device with certain capacity is configured in the wind power plant, the wind power plant has certain frequency modulation capability by matching with the reserve capacity of the fan, and the method has important significance for fully exploring the potential of providing frequency modulation auxiliary service for the fan and the stored energy, improving the frequency stability of a power system and relieving the scheduling pressure of a thermal power frequency modulation unit in an area.
The existing energy storage frequency modulation scheme is multi-sided to the energy storage capacity configuration, the fan reserve spare mode and the optimal spare quantity are not considered, and the combined optimization of wind power output and energy storage capacity configuration is not realized. In fact, if the fan is low in standby, the power and capacity of the energy storage configuration are inevitably increased, and one-time investment and operation and maintenance cost are increased; meanwhile, because the supporting power curve is in a peak shape, the energy storage only bears high frequency modulation power in a short time, and then the stable power supporting stage is started, the supporting power is low, and excessive energy storage is not needed; and if the fan is too much to be used, the fan generates electricity in a derating way for a long time, so that the large loss of abandoned wind is caused, and the economical efficiency is poor.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an optimal configuration scheme for the energy storage capacity of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention provides a method and a computing device for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of a wind storage combined frequency modulation system, in an attempt to solve or at least alleviate the above problems.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for optimally configuring energy storage capacity of a wind storage combined frequency modulation system, where the wind storage combined frequency modulation system implements frequency modulation by an energy storage device and a fan backup, and the method is executed in a computing device, and includes: acquiring operation parameters of a wind storage combined frequency modulation system; establishing a wind storage combined optimization model according to the operation parameters, wherein the model comprises an objective function and a constraint condition, the objective function is used for calculating the operation cost and the frequency modulation effect of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system, and the optimization objective of the optimization model is to minimize the value of the objective function; calculating an optimal solution of the optimization model to determine an energy storage configuration proportion; and configuring the capacity of an energy storage device and the standby number of fans in the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the energy storage configuration proportion.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the operation parameters include: the method comprises the following steps of setting the rated power of a thermal power generating unit, the rated power of a fan, the cut-in wind speed, the cut-out wind speed, the wind power permeability, the energy storage unit power cost, the energy storage unit capacity cost, the energy storage unit operation maintenance cost, the electricity purchase price, the support time, the battery efficiency, the discount rate, the operation age and the wind speed probability distribution coefficient.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the objective function is:
Ctotal＝fC1+fC2+C3+C4+KC5
Figure BDA0002560584570000021
wherein, C1、C2、C3、C4、C5Respectively configuring cost, operation maintenance cost, electricity consumption cost, penalty of frequency modulation wind abandoning and frequency modulation effect indexes for energy storage; f is a recovery coefficient and is used for converting the energy storage configuration cost and the operation maintenance cost into an equal-year value; k is a coefficient obtained by converting the frequency modulation effect index into the same order of magnitude as the first four terms and considering the weight; i is the discount rate; and N is the operation life of the equipment.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the energy storage configuration cost C is1Calculated according to the following formula:
C1＝ceErated+cpPrated
ceallocating a price for the unit capacity of the energy storage device; eratedThe rated capacity of the energy storage system; c. CpAllocating price for unit power of the energy storage system; pratedThe energy storage system is rated for power.
Optionally, the energy storage capacity of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system is excellentIn the configuration method, the operation maintenance cost C2Calculated according to the following formula:
C2＝cyErated
wherein, cyThe operating and maintenance costs per unit capacity of the energy storage device.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the electricity cost C is used3Calculated according to the following formula:
C3＝kw1PratedTn
k is a coefficient introduced by unit conversion; w is a1The purchase price of electricity; n is the annual frequency modulation times; and T is frequency support time.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, a frequency modulation wind curtailment penalty C4Calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002560584570000031
wherein, w2A penalty factor for wind abandon; (v) is the probability distribution of wind speed; popt(v) A power-wind speed curve in a maximum power tracking mode of the fan is obtained; and P (v) reserving a spare power-wind speed curve for the variable wind speed interval.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the frequency modulation effect index C is5Calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002560584570000032
wherein f isNFor the rated frequency of the system, f (t)a)、f(tb)、f(tc) Respectively the maximum value, the minimum value and the stable value of the system frequency in the frequency modulation process, a1、a2、a3Are weights.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the constraint conditions include: the probability that the sum of the standby frequency modulation power and the stored frequency modulation power of the fan is larger than the power value required by frequency modulation is larger than a preset confidence level; and the energy storage charge state is kept within a preset range in the frequency modulation process.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the frequency modulation power that the wind storage combined frequency modulation system needs to provide in the frequency modulation process is:
Figure BDA0002560584570000033
wherein f isNFor the rated frequency of the system, f is the real-time power of the system, KfIs the primary frequency modulation droop coefficient, TjIs the inertia time constant of the virtual synchronous machine;
rated frequency modulation power P born by stored energyeComprises the following steps:
Pe＝(1-t)Pf.stable+tPf.max
wherein t is the energy storage configuration ratio, PeRated frequency-modulated output, P, for energy storagef.maxFor wind-reservoir combined maximum power, P, in the course of frequency modulationf.stableIs a steady state output value in the frequency modulation process.
Optionally, in the method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system according to the present invention, the frequency modulation reserve P in the variable wind speed interval of the wind turbinewindComprises the following steps:
Pwind＝Popt(v)-P(v)
Figure BDA0002560584570000041
wherein, Popt(v) For the optimal power curve of the fan, P (v) is the fan power, ρ is the air density, ArThe wind sweeping area of the wind wheel, CpiAnd v is the wind energy capture factor of the ith wind speed interval, and v is the wind speed.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a computing device comprising: at least one processor; and the memory stores program instructions, and when the program instructions are read and executed by the processor, the computing equipment is enabled to execute the energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a readable storage medium storing program instructions, which when read and executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to execute the energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system.
According to the energy storage capacity optimization configuration scheme of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system, the output strategy of the combined frequency modulation of the wind power plant fan and the energy storage device is adopted, the economic efficiency and the frequency modulation effect are optimal as targets, a wind storage combined optimization model is established, and the model is solved to determine the energy storage configuration proportion so as to determine the optimal energy storage device capacity and the fan standby number in the wind storage combined frequency modulation system.
The energy storage capacity optimization configuration scheme can obviously reduce the power and capacity of the energy storage configuration, and reduces the energy storage configuration and the operation cost under the condition of allowance of the air abandoning amount. Meanwhile, the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system provides certain frequency modulation capability for the wind power plant, and the frequency stability of the wind power high-permeability power grid is improved.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in accordance with the content of the description so as to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, and the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood.
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To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, certain illustrative aspects are described herein in connection with the following description and the annexed drawings, which are indicative of various ways in which the principles disclosed herein may be practiced, and all aspects and equivalents thereof are intended to be within the scope of the claimed subject matter. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout this disclosure, like reference numerals generally refer to like parts or elements.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a computing device 100, according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a method 200 for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of a wind-storage combined frequency modulation system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a wind reservoir joint optimization model according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a doubly-fed wind turbine C according to an embodiment of the inventionp-a schematic diagram of a λ characteristic curve;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a full pitch fan wind speed power characteristic according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a supporting power curve of a wind-storage combined frequency modulation system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a power system primary frequency modulation frequency response curve according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows a flow diagram for solving a wind storage joint optimization model using genetic algorithms, according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating frequency modulation effect comparison of a combination of no-frequency modulation and wind storage frequency modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fan force curve for a variable wind speed interval according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the output curve of stored energy when only stored energy provides frequency modulated power and the wind storage is combined frequency modulated according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a computing device 100, according to one embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the computing device 100 shown in fig. 1 is only an example, and in practice, the computing device used for implementing the energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system of the present invention may be any type of device, and the hardware configuration of the computing device may be the same as that of the computing device 100 shown in fig. 1, or may be different from that of the computing device 100 shown in fig. 1. In practice, the computing device for implementing the energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system of the present invention may add or delete hardware components of the computing device 100 shown in fig. 1, and the present invention does not limit the specific hardware configuration condition of the computing device.
As shown in FIG. 1, in a basic configuration 102, a computing device 100 typically includes a system memory 106 and one or more processors 104. A memory bus 108 may be used for communication between the processor 104 and the system memory 106.
Depending on the desired configuration, the processor 104 may be any type of processing, including but not limited to: a microprocessor (μ P), a microcontroller (μ C), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), or any combination thereof. The processor 104 may include one or more levels of cache, such as a level one cache 110 and a level two cache 112, a processor core 114, and registers 116. The example processor core 114 may include an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), a Floating Point Unit (FPU), a digital signal processing core (DSP core), or any combination thereof. The example memory controller 118 may be used with the processor 104, or in some implementations the memory controller 118 may be an internal part of the processor 104.
Depending on the desired configuration, system memory 106 may be any type of memory, including but not limited to: volatile memory (such as RAM), non-volatile memory (such as ROM, flash memory, etc.), or any combination thereof. The physical memory in the computing device is usually referred to as a volatile memory RAM, and data in the disk needs to be loaded into the physical memory to be read by the processor 104. System memory 106 may include an operating system 120, one or more applications 122, and program data 124. In some implementations, the application 122 can be arranged to execute instructions on an operating system with the program data 124 by the one or more processors 104. Operating system 120 may be, for example, Linux, Windows, etc., which includes program instructions for handling basic system services and performing hardware dependent tasks. The application 122 includes program instructions for implementing various user-desired functions, and the application 122 may be, for example, but not limited to, a browser, instant messenger, a software development tool (e.g., an integrated development environment IDE, a compiler, etc.), and the like. When the application 122 is installed into the computing device 100, a driver module may be added to the operating system 120.
When the computing device 100 is started, the processor 104 reads program instructions of the operating system 120 from the memory 106 and executes them. The application 122 runs on top of the operating system 120, utilizing the operating system 120 and interfaces provided by the underlying hardware to implement various user-desired functions. When the user starts the application 122, the application 122 is loaded into the memory 106, and the processor 104 reads the program instructions of the application 122 from the memory 106 and executes the program instructions.
Computing device 100 may also include an interface bus 140 that facilitates communication from various interface devices (e.g., output devices 142, peripheral interfaces 144, and communication devices 146) to the basic configuration 102 via the bus/interface controller 130. The example output device 142 includes a graphics processing unit 148 and an audio processing unit 150. They may be configured to facilitate communication with various external devices, such as a display or speakers, via one or more a/V ports 152. Example peripheral interfaces 144 may include a serial interface controller 154 and a parallel interface controller 156, which may be configured to facilitate communication with external devices such as input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, pen, voice input device, touch input device) or other peripherals (e.g., printer, scanner, etc.) via one or more I/O ports 158. An example communication device 146 may include a network controller 160, which may be arranged to facilitate communications with one or more other computing devices 162 over a network communication link via one or more communication ports 164.
A network communication link may be one example of a communication medium. Communication media may typically be embodied by computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, and may include any information delivery media, such as carrier waves or other transport mechanisms, in a modulated data signal. A "modulated data signal" may be a signal that has one or more of its data set or its changes made in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of non-limiting example, communication media may include wired media such as a wired network or private-wired network, and various wireless media such as acoustic, Radio Frequency (RF), microwave, Infrared (IR), or other wireless media. The term computer readable media as used herein may include both storage media and communication media.
In the computing device 100 according to the present invention, the application 122 includes instructions for executing the method 200 for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the combined wind and storage frequency modulation system according to the present invention, and the instructions may instruct the processor 104 to execute the method 200 for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the combined wind and storage frequency modulation system according to the present invention, so as to implement joint optimization of the spare number of wind turbines and the energy storage configuration capacity, so that the overall economy of the combined wind and storage frequency modulation system is optimized on the premise of meeting the frequency modulation requirement.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method 200 for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the wind energy storage combined frequency modulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Method 200 is performed in a computing device, such as computing device 100 described above. As shown in fig. 2, the method 200 begins at step S210.
In step S210, the operating parameters of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system are acquired.
The wind and storage combined frequency modulation system realizes frequency modulation through an energy storage device and a fan standby. In the embodiment of the present invention, the operation parameters of the wind-storage joint frequency modulation system are parameters required for establishing the wind-storage joint optimization model in step S220. In other words, the parameters required for establishing the wind storage combined optimization model are all the operating parameters of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system.
The operation parameters are usually constants, and the values of the operation parameters are fixed and invariant in the process of solving the wind storage combined optimization model in the subsequent step S230.
According to an embodiment, the operation parameters of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system include, but are not limited to, a rated power of the thermal power generating unit, a rated power of the fan, a cut-in wind speed, a cut-out wind speed, a wind power permeability, an energy storage unit power cost, an energy storage unit capacity cost, an energy storage unit operation maintenance cost, a power purchase price, a support time, a battery efficiency, a discount rate, an operation age, a wind speed probability distribution coefficient, and the like.
In step S220, a wind-storage joint optimization model is established according to the operation parameters, where the model includes an objective function and a constraint condition, the objective function is used to calculate the operation cost and the frequency modulation effect of the wind-storage joint frequency modulation system, and the optimization goal of the optimization model is to minimize the value of the objective function.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a wind-reservoir joint optimization model according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the wind-storage joint optimization model comprises an objective function, a satisfaction condition and a decision variable. Further, the satisfied conditions comprise a fan variable wind speed interval reserved standby strategy, a wind storage frequency modulation power distribution strategy and constraint conditions, wherein the constraint conditions comprise opportunity constraint and state of charge constraint of frequency modulation power.
In the embodiment of the invention, a fan variable wind speed interval reserved standby strategy and a wind storage frequency modulation power distribution strategy are important components of a wind storage combined optimization model. The primary investment cost of energy storage is high, but the subsequent operation maintenance cost and the electricity utilization cost are low; the fan is reserved without one-time investment cost, only the running mode of the fan needs to be changed, and large economic loss can be caused due to long-term derating power generation. Therefore, a proper fan reserve strategy and a proper frequency modulation power distribution strategy should be sought, so that the overall economy of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system is optimal on the premise of meeting the frequency modulation requirement. These two strategies are detailed separately below:
1. fan variable-wind-speed interval reservation standby strategy
The power generation output of the fan is mainly influenced by the real-time wind speed. The mechanical power extracted by a wind turbine from wind energy can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002560584570000091
where ρ is the air density, unit: kg/m3；ArM is the wind swept area of the wind wheel2；CpA wind energy capture factor; v is wind speed, m/s; the tip speed ratio lambda is omega R/v, wherein omega is the rotating speed of a wind wheel and rad/s; r is the radius of the wind wheel, m; θ is the blade pitch angle.
CpThe relation curve with lambda and theta is one of the basic performances of the wind turbine and is determined by the structure of the wind turbine blade. 1.5MW doubly-fed fan CpThe lambda characteristic is shown in fig. 4.
As can be seen from the graph shown in fig. 4, when the pitch angle θ is 0 ° and λ is λopt(optimum tip speed ratio), CpTaking the maximum value Cpmax. From Betz limit, CpDoes not exceed 0.593. Therefore, in order for the wind turbine to deliver maximum mechanical power, it should be kept at C at any wind speedpmaxPoint operation, i.e. λ ═ λopt. As can be seen from λ ═ ω R/v, for each wind speed v, the rotor speed of the wind turbine should be changed synchronously, so that the tip speed ratio is always maintained at the optimum tip speed ratio.
For the variable-pitch fan, the rotating speed is variable, and the fan can operate at the maximum power point by controlling the rotating speed of the impeller. The power characteristics at full wind speed for a pitch fan are shown in fig. 5.
The functional relationship of the power characteristics can be summarized as follows:
Figure BDA0002560584570000092
wherein v is1For the fan to cut into the wind speed, vnRated wind speed, v, for the fan2The wind speed is cut for the fan. PNIs the amount of the fanAnd (5) fixing the power.
The frequency modulation power of the wind storage system is jointly born by the wind turbine generator and the energy storage. The fan reserves certain reserve through variable pitch control, and the wind energy capture factor of each wind speed interval takes different values. Dividing the wind speed range in which the fan can operate into n intervals, wherein the wind energy capture factor value of the ith interval is CpiThen, the power of each wind speed interval of the wind turbine can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002560584570000093
setting the optimal power curve of the fan as Popt(v) Then, the frequency modulation standby of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
Pwind＝Popt(v)-P(v)
2. fan and energy storage frequency modulation power distribution strategy
The Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) technology solves the problem that the new energy frequency and voltage adjusting capability is poor. According to the VSG theory, the frequency modulation power of the wind power plant consists of rotor inertia support power and primary frequency modulation power, so that the frequency modulation power required to be provided by the wind storage combined frequency modulation system in the frequency modulation process is as follows:
Figure BDA0002560584570000101
wherein f isNFor the rated frequency of the system, f is the real-time power of the system, KfIs the primary frequency modulation droop coefficient, TjIs the inertia time constant of the virtual synchronous machine. The first part simulates primary frequency modulation, and the second part simulates rotor inertia support; the supporting power is jointly borne by the fan standby and the energy storage.
Because the virtual inertia required by frequency modulation has a peak characteristic and the supporting time is short, if the energy storage is configured to bear the peak power, the utilization rate of the energy storage is low, and the configuration capacity is large. However, if the energy storage configuration is too few, the standby of the fan is increased, and the phenomenon of wind abandon is serious. Therefore, the energy storage configuration ratio t is defined to represent how much energy storage configuration is. If the wind storage combined frequency modulation system support power curve is shown in fig. 6, the ratio t can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002560584570000102
Perated frequency-modulated output, P, for energy storagef.maxFor wind-reservoir combined maximum power, P, in the course of frequency modulationf.stableIs a steady state output value in the frequency modulation process.
After the energy storage configuration proportion t is defined, the output curve P of the energy storage in the frequency modulation processbattery(t) and Fan output Curve Pwind(t) is also determined accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6. Rated frequency modulation power P born by stored energyeCan be expressed as:
Pe＝(1-t)Pf.stable+tPf.max
because the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system should improve the economy of the overall configuration and operation of the power system on the premise of providing a relatively ideal frequency modulation effect, according to an embodiment, the sum of the energy storage configuration cost, the operation maintenance cost, the electricity consumption cost, the frequency modulation wind abandonment penalty and the frequency modulation effect index is minimized as an optimization target. That is, the objective function is:
Ctotal＝fC1+fC2+C3+C4+KC5
Figure BDA0002560584570000111
wherein, C1、C2、C3、C4、C5Respectively configuring cost, operation maintenance cost, electricity consumption cost, penalty of frequency modulation wind abandoning and frequency modulation effect indexes for energy storage; f is a recovery coefficient and is used for converting the energy storage configuration cost and the operation maintenance cost into an equal-year value; k is a coefficient obtained by converting the frequency modulation effect index into the same order of magnitude as the first four terms and considering the weight; i is the discount rate; and N is the operation life of the equipment.
Optimization objectives of a modelTo minimize the value of the above-mentioned objective function, i.e. to minimize CtotalAnd minimum.
The following pair C1～C5The calculation method of (c) is detailed:
1. energy storage configuration cost C1
The configuration cost of the energy storage device is as follows:
C1＝ceErated+cpPrated
wherein, C1Cost is configured for energy storage, ten thousand yuan; c. CeAllocating price for unit capacity of the energy storage device, ten thousand yuan/(MWh); eratedRated capacity, MWh, of the energy storage system; c. CpConfiguring price, ten thousand yuan/MW for unit power of the energy storage system; pratedRated power, MW, of the energy storage system.
The power rating of the energy storage system is determined by:
Figure BDA0002560584570000112
wherein, the delta P is the maximum discharge or charge power of the stored energy in the frequency modulation process; etaaFor power conversion systems and transformer efficiencies, ηcCharging efficiency for energy storage, ηdThe energy storage discharge efficiency is improved.
Setting the frequency supporting time of the wind storage combined system to be TsThe output curve P of the energy storage device in the frequency modulation processbatteryThe rated capacity can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002560584570000113
2. cost of operation and maintenance C2
The operating and maintenance costs of an energy storage device are related to capacity:
C2＝cyErated
wherein, cyThe operating and maintenance costs per unit capacity of the energy storage device.
3. Cost of electricity C3
The energy storage device is charged and discharged in the power grid all the year round to meet the primary frequency modulation requirement, the part of electric quantity needs to be purchased in the power grid, and the electricity purchasing cost can be expressed as follows:
C3＝kw1PratedTn
wherein k is a coefficient introduced by unit conversion; w is a1For the purchase price of electricity, yuan/(KWh); n is the frequency modulation times of the whole year; and T is frequency support time.
4. Penalty of frequency modulation wind abandonment C4
The wind turbine generator sets reserve certain frequency modulation for standby through variable pitch control, so that a wind power plant cannot generate electricity at full power all the year round, and the phenomenon of wind abandon exists. The wind speed is divided into a plurality of intervals by the strategy of the invention, and the reserved standby ratio of each interval is different. Considering the randomness of wind speed, the cost of wind power plant frequency modulation wind abandonment is preferably represented by an expected value.
The probability distribution of wind speed follows a weibull distribution:
Figure BDA0002560584570000121
wherein v is the wind speed; k. c is a coefficient, the values of which depend on the local wind energy resource level.
The penalty term of the frequency modulation wind curtailment in one year is obtained by the following formula so as to reflect the tolerance level of a decision maker to the wind curtailment in the decision making process and inhibit the wind curtailment phenomenon:
Figure BDA0002560584570000122
wherein w2Penalty factor for wind abandon, yuan/MW; (v) is the probability distribution of wind speed; popt(v) A power-wind speed curve in a maximum power tracking mode of the fan is obtained; and P (v) reserving a spare power-wind speed curve for the variable wind speed interval.
5. Index of frequency modulation effect C5
The primary frequency modulation frequency response curve of the power system is shown in fig. 7, and can be divided into three stages: in the first stage (frequency drop stage), corresponding to an AB-section curve, the rotor inertia supports and restrains the frequency from rapidly dropping, and the output of a unit serving as a frequency regulation task usually has a peak value at the moment; in the second stage (frequency recovery stage), corresponding to the curve BC stage, the speed regulator is started, and the frequency value is gradually recovered under the action of primary frequency modulation; the third stage (stable stage) corresponds to the curve CD, at which the system frequency gradually stabilizes and is maintained near a certain value lower than the system frequency before fluctuation, which is also one of the characteristics of primary frequency modulation.
The indexes for measuring the frequency modulation effect mainly comprise:
(1) the lowest point frequency. The lowest value of the system frequency in the frequency modulation process corresponds to f (t) in the figureb)；
(2) The system stabilizes the frequency. After the frequency modulation process is finished, the value of the system frequency value after being stabilized corresponds to f (t) in the graphc)；
(3) Initial frequency decrease rate: the ratio of the frequency variation to the time variation within 5s after the system is disturbed, namely:
Figure BDA0002560584570000131
the initial stage of frequency fluctuation is mainly supported by inertia, and the smaller the value is, the stronger the system inertia is supported.
The invention takes the weighted sum of the three values as the index for measuring the frequency modulation effect:
Figure BDA0002560584570000132
wherein. The lowest point frequency and the stable frequency are processed by frequency deviation fNFor the rated frequency of the system, f (t)a)、f(tb)、f(tc) Respectively the maximum value, the minimum value and the stable value of the system frequency in the frequency modulation process, a1、a2、a3Are weights.
According to one embodiment, the constraints of the wind storage combined optimization model comprise opportunity constraints and state of charge constraints of the frequency modulation power. These two constraints are described separately below:
1. opportunistic constraint of frequency modulated power
The constraint requires that the probability that the sum of the standby frequency modulation power and the stored frequency modulation power of the fan is larger than the power value required by frequency modulation is larger than a preset confidence level, namely:
P{Pwind+Pbattery≥Pf}≥α
wherein, PwindFrequency-modulated power, P, supplied to the fanbatteryFrequency-modulated power, P, supplied for energy storagefAlpha is a preset confidence level for the frequency modulation power required by the wind storage combined system.
2. State of charge constraint
State of charge QsocThe ratio of the actual electric quantity of the battery to the rated capacity, the state of charge at the time t:
Figure BDA0002560584570000133
wherein Q issoc，refAn energy storage initial state of charge; pbatteryFrequency-modulated power is provided for energy storage.
In order to avoid the influence of over-charge and over-discharge on the energy storage life, the energy storage charge state in the frequency modulation process should be always kept within a certain range, namely:
Qsoc(t)≤Qsoc,max
Qsoc(t)≥Qsoc,min
the three formulas are combined to obtain the energy storage capacity range as follows:
Figure BDA0002560584570000141
Figure BDA0002560584570000142
in step S230, an optimal solution of the optimization model is calculated to determine the energy storage configuration ratio.
As shown in fig. 3, the decision variables of the wind storage joint optimization model include: primary frequency modulation droop coefficient KfInertia time constant T of virtual synchronous machinejWind energy capture factor C in variable wind speed intervalpiAnd an energy storage configuration ratio t.
According to one embodiment, the wind-storage joint optimization model of the present invention can be solved using genetic algorithms: first, initialization is performed to generate an initial population (K)f,Tj,Cp1,Cp2,……,CpnT). Then, each chromosome is loaded into a power system frequency simulation model to obtain P corresponding to each chromosomerated、EratedAnd frequency modulation effect indexes, carrying out simulation operation on each chromosome, and judging whether the following conditions are met:
P{Pwind+Pbattery≥Pf}≥α
for chromosomes which do not satisfy the conditions, mutation operations are performed to generate new generation chromosomes until all chromosomes satisfy the conditions. Selecting chromosomes meeting the opportunity constraint, calculating corresponding objective function values, and performing selection, crossing and variation operations of the population. And judging whether the maximum iteration times is reached, stopping the operation if the maximum iteration times is reached, and otherwise, repeating the steps. And finally, taking the best chromosome appearing in the iterative process as an optimal scheme. The algorithm flow chart is shown in fig. 8.
In step S240, the capacity of the energy storage device and the number of fan spares in the wind storage combined frequency modulation system are configured according to the energy storage configuration ratio.
One specific embodiment of the present invention is given below:
the present embodiment includes a regional power system with a load power of 1000 MW. Two 500MW thermal power generating units and a wind power plant are arranged in the region, and the wind power permeability is 20%. A wind power plant adopts a certain type of 1.5MW variable-pitch doubly-fed fan, the cut-in wind speed is 2m/s, and the cut-out wind speed is 13 m/s. Other operating parameter settings are shown in table 1.
Table 1 simulation parameter settings
Figure BDA0002560584570000151
1. Wind-storage combined frequency modulation effect analysis
When the system has 5% power shortage, the optimal parameter K of the wind storage combined optimization model is adoptedf＝2.39，TjThe simulation was performed at 1.22, and the simulation results are shown in fig. 9.
As shown in fig. 9, when a 5% power shortage occurs, compared with the case that the wind farm has no frequency modulation capability, the lowest frequency of the system under the wind-storage combined frequency modulation situation is increased by 0.02Hz, and the stable frequency of the system is increased by 0.003 Hz. When power shortage occurs and the frequency drops rapidly, the wind storage combined system carries out power support besides primary frequency modulation by the thermal power frequency modulation unit in the region by using the speed regulator. The rotor inertia support is mainly used at the initial stage of frequency drop, the power of the rotor inertia support is related to the frequency drop speed of the system, the rapid drop of the frequency is restrained, and compared with the condition that a wind power plant has no frequency modulation capability, the lowest frequency of the system is improved; and after a period of time, the system frequency tends to be stable, the rotor inertia support exits, and the primary frequency modulation steady-state power ensures the frequency to drop again. Therefore, the wind storage combined frequency modulation can obviously improve the frequency stability of the power system.
2. Output strategy analysis of fan in variable wind speed interval
The parameter H is defined as the ratio of the wind energy capture factor of each wind speed interval to the maximum wind energy capture factor, and the optimal H value corresponding to each wind speed interval solved by the optimization model is as follows:
TABLE 2 wind speed intervals H value
Figure BDA0002560584570000152
According to table 2, a fan output curve is plotted as shown in fig. 10.
3. Wind storage combined frequency modulation economy comparison
The output curve of the stored energy when only the stored energy provides the frequency modulation power and the wind storage is combined with the frequency modulation is shown in figure 11.
When the energy storage alone provides the frequency modulation power, the rated power should be larger than the maximum power occurring during the frequency modulation, while in practice the peak power occurring during the frequency modulation is very short in duration and the steady state power is longer in duration. The capacity of the energy storage configuration is mostly wasted and is not economical. When wind storage is combined with frequency modulation, peak power is borne by the fan in a standby mode, so that power and capacity of energy storage configuration can be greatly reduced, and cost is reduced. Therefore, under the same frequency modulation effect, the economical efficiency of the energy storage configuration and the utilization rate of the energy storage device are improved.
The optimal solution of the wind storage combined configuration solved by the method is compared with the configuration cost and the utilization rate of the energy storage device when the energy storage completely bears the frequency modulation task, and the optimal solution is listed as the following table:
TABLE 3 comparison of technical economics
Figure BDA0002560584570000161
Therefore, the wind storage combined frequency modulation obviously reduces the energy storage configuration capacity and the configuration cost, and the energy storage does not need to provide peak power in the frequency modulation process, so that the utilization rate of the energy storage is improved.
The wind power plant does not have primary frequency modulation capability, and aiming at the problem that the primary frequency modulation capability of a wind power high-permeability power grid is reduced, the invention firstly provides a power output strategy of the combined frequency modulation of a wind power plant fan and an energy storage device, so that the fan frequency support time is reduced, and the energy storage utilization efficiency is improved; then, proposing a fan variable wind speed interval frequency modulation standby strategy; and finally, establishing a wind-storage combined optimization model by taking the charge state of the energy storage device not to exceed the limit as the constraint and the economic efficiency and the optimal frequency modulation effect as the target, and solving the optimal capacity of energy storage and the optimal fan standby number in different wind speed intervals by utilizing a genetic algorithm. The invention provides a novel wind storage combined system frequency modulation power distribution strategy and a fan wind speed change interval fan reserved standby strategy considering the randomness of wind speed, and performs combined optimization of fan standby quantity and energy storage configuration capacity based on the strategies. Analysis of the frequency modulation example shows that: the energy storage optimization configuration considering wind storage combined frequency modulation optimizes the configuration cost of energy storage, reduces the wind abandoning cost of a fan, and improves the overall economy of wind power plant frequency modulation.
The method takes the frequency modulation service provided by the wind power plant as a starting point, configures energy storage to provide required frequency modulation reserve, reduces the energy storage configuration investment by adopting a mode of controlling the reserve by the variable pitch of the fan, establishes an optimization model and obtains an optimal solution by utilizing a genetic algorithm. The method can remarkably reduce the power and capacity of the energy storage configuration, and reduce the energy storage configuration and the operation cost under the condition that the air abandoning amount allows. Meanwhile, the wind storage combined system provides certain frequency modulation capability for the wind power plant, and the frequency stability of the wind power high-permeability power grid is improved.
A9, the method of any one of A1-8, wherein the constraints comprise:
the probability that the sum of the standby frequency modulation power and the stored frequency modulation power of the fan is larger than the power value required by frequency modulation is larger than a preset confidence level;
and the energy storage charge state is kept within a preset range in the frequency modulation process.
A10, the method according to A1, wherein the frequency modulation power required by the wind storage combined frequency modulation system in the frequency modulation process is as follows:
Figure BDA0002560584570000171
wherein f isNFor the rated frequency of the system, f is the real-time power of the system, KfIs the primary frequency modulation droop coefficient, TjIs the inertia time constant of the virtual synchronous machine;
rated frequency modulation power P born by stored energyeComprises the following steps:
Pe＝(1-t)Pf.stable+tPf.max
wherein t is the energy storage configuration ratio, PeRated frequency-modulated output, P, for energy storagef.maxFor wind-reservoir combined maximum power, P, in the course of frequency modulationf.stableIs a steady state output value in the frequency modulation process.
A11, as described in A1Method, wherein the wind speed variable interval of the fan is frequency modulated for standby PwindComprises the following steps:
Pwind＝Popt(v)-P(v)
Figure BDA0002560584570000172
wherein, Popt(v) For the optimal power curve of the fan, P (v) is the fan power, ρ is the air density, ArThe wind sweeping area of the wind wheel, CpiAnd v is the wind energy capture factor of the ith wind speed interval, and v is the wind speed.
The various techniques described herein may be implemented in connection with hardware or software or, alternatively, with a combination of both. Thus, the methods and apparatus of the present invention, or certain aspects or portions thereof, may take the form of program code (i.e., instructions) embodied in tangible media, such as removable hard drives, U.S. disks, floppy disks, CD-ROMs, or any other machine-readable storage medium, wherein, when the program is loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, the machine becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention.
In the case of program code execution on programmable computers, the computing device will generally include a processor, a storage medium readable by the processor (including volatile and non-volatile memory and/or storage elements), at least one input device, and at least one output device. Wherein the memory is configured to store program code; the processor is configured to execute the energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of the wind-storage combined frequency modulation system according to the instructions in the program codes stored in the memory.
By way of example, and not limitation, readable media may comprise readable storage media and communication media. Readable storage media store information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media. Combinations of any of the above are also included within the scope of readable media.
In the description provided herein, algorithms and displays are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may also be used with examples of this invention. The required structure for constructing such a system will be apparent from the description above. Moreover, the present invention is not directed to any particular programming language. It is appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the present invention as described herein, and any descriptions of specific languages are provided above to disclose the best mode of the invention.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules or units or components of the devices in the examples disclosed herein may be arranged in a device as described in this embodiment or alternatively may be located in one or more devices different from the devices in this example. The modules in the foregoing examples may be combined into one module or may be further divided into multiple sub-modules.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this description, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. Accordingly, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The present invention has been disclosed in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense with respect to the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of a wind storage combined frequency modulation system, wherein the wind storage combined frequency modulation system realizes frequency modulation through an energy storage device and a fan standby, and the method is executed in computing equipment and comprises the following steps:
acquiring operation parameters of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system;
establishing a wind storage combined optimization model according to the operation parameters, wherein the model comprises an objective function and a constraint condition, the objective function is used for calculating the operation cost and the frequency modulation effect of the wind storage combined frequency modulation system, and the optimization goal of the optimization model is to minimize the value of the objective function;
calculating an optimal solution of the optimization model to determine an energy storage configuration proportion;
configuring the capacity of an energy storage device and the standby number of fans in the wind storage combined frequency modulation system according to the energy storage configuration proportion;
wherein the operating parameters include: rated power of a thermal power generating unit, rated power of a fan, cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed, wind power permeability, energy storage unit power cost, energy storage unit capacity cost, energy storage unit operation maintenance cost, electricity purchase price, support time, battery efficiency, discount rate, operation age and wind speed probability distribution coefficient;
the objective function is:
Ctotal＝fC1+fC2+C3+C4+KC5
Figure FDA0003528563900000011
wherein, C1、C2、C3、C4、C5Respectively configuring cost, operation maintenance cost, electricity consumption cost, penalty of frequency modulation wind abandoning and frequency modulation effect indexes for energy storage; f is a recovery coefficient and is used for converting the energy storage configuration cost and the operation maintenance cost into an equal-year value; k is a coefficient obtained by converting the frequency modulation effect index into the same order of magnitude as the first four terms and considering the weight; i is the discount rate; n is the equipment operation life;
energy storage configuration cost C1Calculated according to the following formula:
C1＝ceErated+cpPrated
ceallocating a price for the unit capacity of the energy storage device; eratedThe rated capacity of the energy storage system; c. CpFor energy storage systemA system unit power allocation price; pratedThe rated power of the energy storage system;
cost of operation and maintenance C2Calculated according to the following formula:
C2＝cyErated
wherein, cyOperating and maintaining costs for unit capacity of the energy storage device;
cost of electricity C3Calculated according to the following formula:
C3＝kw1PratedTn
k is a coefficient introduced by unit conversion; w is a1The purchase price of electricity; n is the annual frequency modulation times; t is frequency support time;
penalty of frequency modulation wind abandonment C4Calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003528563900000021
wherein, w2A penalty factor for wind abandon; (v) is the probability distribution of wind speed; popt(v) A power-wind speed curve in a maximum power tracking mode of the fan is obtained; p (v) reserving a spare power-wind speed curve for the variable wind speed interval;
index of frequency modulation effect C5Calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003528563900000022
wherein f isNFor the rated frequency of the system, f (t)a)、f(tb)、f(tc) Respectively the maximum value, the minimum value and the stable value of the system frequency in the frequency modulation process, a1、a2、a3Are weights.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the constraints comprise:
the probability that the sum of the standby frequency modulation power and the stored frequency modulation power of the fan is larger than the power value required by frequency modulation is larger than a preset confidence level;
and the energy storage charge state is kept within a preset range in the frequency modulation process.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the wind storage combined frequency modulation system needs to provide frequency modulation power during frequency modulation, and the frequency modulation power is as follows:
Figure FDA0003528563900000023
wherein f isNFor the rated frequency of the system, f is the real-time power of the system, KfIs the primary frequency modulation droop coefficient, TjIs the inertia time constant of the virtual synchronous machine;
rated frequency modulation power P born by stored energyeComprises the following steps:
Pe＝(1-t)Pf.stable+tPf.max
wherein t is the energy storage configuration ratio, PeRated frequency-modulated output, P, for energy storagef.maxFor wind-reservoir combined maximum power, P, in the course of frequency modulationf.stableIs a steady state output value in the frequency modulation process.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the variable wind speed interval of the wind turbine is frequency modulated by PwindComprises the following steps:
Pwind＝Popt(v)-P(v)
Figure FDA0003528563900000031
wherein, Popt(v) For the optimal power curve of the fan, P (v) is the fan power, ρ is the air density, ArThe wind sweeping area of the wind wheel, CpiAnd v is the wind energy capture factor of the ith wind speed interval, and v is the wind speed.
5. A computing device, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory storing program instructions;
the program instructions, when read and executed by the processor, cause the computing device to perform the method of any of claims 1-4.
6. A readable storage medium storing program instructions that, when read and executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method of any of claims 1-4.
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