CN104322338A - Seedling growing and machine transplanting method of double cropping rice - Google Patents
Seedling growing and machine transplanting method of double cropping rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN104322338A CN104322338A CN201410673891.7A CN201410673891A CN104322338A CN 104322338 A CN104322338 A CN 104322338A CN 201410673891 A CN201410673891 A CN 201410673891A CN 104322338 A CN104322338 A CN 104322338A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling growing and machine transplanting method of double cropping rice. The method comprises the following steps: early rice cultivation: making a seedbed on January to February, building a greenhouse, preparing a substrate, placing 20-25 hard seedling trays of (28*58*2.5) centimeters into each mu of field, sowing and performing seedling management; double cropping late rice cultivation: making a seedbed on April to May, preparing a substrate, placing 26-30 hard seedling trays of (28*58*2.5) centimeters into each mu of field, sowing and performing seedling management; machine transplanting and management of early rice; machine transplanting and management of double cropping late rice. According to the method, cured organic nutritional soil is taken as a substrate in seedling cultivation of early rice and late rice, so that sufficient nutritional components are provided for seedlings, and the environmental pollution is low; a sufficient amount of compound fertilizer is applied after machine transplanting of rice, a tiller fertilizer is applied and enclosed weeding is performed as early as possible, a jointing and flower promoting fertilizer is applied once again, prevention and control of banded sclerotial blight are performed, and harvesting is performed in time; specific to the difference in the seedling cultivation time of early rice and late rice, the fertilization and plant disease and insect pest prevention and control work of rice are performed, so that the maturing rate is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice cultivating technique field, specifically a kind of double cropping rice seedling culturing machine plants culture method.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, there is important strategic position in Grain Production in China, China's rice area accounts for 29% of the cereal crops gross area, total product accounts for 44% of national total grain output, more than 90% concentrates on southern rice workspace, wherein double cropping rice accounts for more than 1/4th of national Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area, mainly concentrates on 4th district such as Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi.
Paddy rice is also one of crop that fertilizer requirement is maximum, heavy dressing adds crop production cost, contaminated environment, also cause energy waste simultaneously, the raising of rice yield and utilization rate of fertilizer and important relation of topdressing, the paddy rice of different times needs fertilizer also different, and the growth of fertilising to paddy rice in rice shoot period is most important.The paddy rice of prior art is mostly bought at the fertilizer in rice shoot period and obtains, and this type of Fertilizer nutrient is single, and amount of application is comparatively large, and easily causes soil compaction, unfavorable to environment.
The vegetative period of double cropping rice is short, and productive tiller stage is short, how to ensure the growth in vegetative period, fully tillering of tillering stage, does not waste nutrient component, ensures the output of double cropping rice, is the direction of research at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome prior art defect, provide a kind of double cropping rice seedling culturing machine to plant culture method.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of double cropping rice seedling culturing machine plants culture method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) early rice strengthens seedling cultivation: the 1-2 month does seedbed, builds canopy, the preparation of matrix, and seedling dish selects hard disk specification to be 28*58*2.5cm, with 20-25, sows, seedling management for every mu;
(2) double cropping late rice is strengthened seedling and is cultivated: the 4-5 month does seedbed, the preparation of matrix, and seedling dish selects hard disk specification to be 28*58*2.5cm, every mu of use 26 ~ 30, sowing, seedling management;
(3) field production management:
(3-1) the early rice machine transplanting of rice and management: early spring is by the end of March at the beginning of 4 months, allows a batch rotary tillage, uses sufficient base manure: mu 45% composite fertilizer 35-40kg, precipitate 1-2 days to be inserted; By 30 × 11cm or 30 × 12cm, mu inserts 1.85-2.02 ten thousand cave, and 4-5 seedling is inserted in every cave, and mu inserts 8-10 ten thousand seedling; After the machine transplanting of rice in 2-3 days, fill with shoaling layer in time, after pouring water, mu the 30% the third Bian 120g or the 50% the third careless amine oil emu 100ml add 10% pyrazosulfuron 20g immediately, mix urea 8-10kg and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field, keep 5-7cm water layer 10-15 days after medicine fertilizer; When every cave stem tiller seedling reaches 10-12 strain, field is baked in draining; Pour water after terminating in roasting field, long when determining 1cm between stem base portion first segment, mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 15kg; Early rice Feng Hanghou, when banded sclerotial blight diseased plant rate reaches 5%, mu 24% full fringe 20ml sprays to rice strain middle and lower part to water 30kg; 3-5 days before cut, executes guarantor's fertilizers for potted flowers ingeniously, mu urea 3-5kg potash fertilizer 2-3kg; Early rice yellow maturity rate reaches 90% machine and receives, and allows a batch late rice machine transplanting of rice;
(3-2) the double cropping late rice machine transplanting of rice and management: by the end of June or July early and middle ten days, allow a batch rotary tillage, use sufficient base manure: mu 45% composite fertilizer 35-40kg, precipitate 1-2 days to be inserted; By 30 × 12cm or 30 × 12cm, mu inserts 1.85-2.02 ten thousand cave, and 5-6 seedling is inserted in every cave, and mu inserts 10-12 ten thousand seedling; Timely filling shoaling layer, after pouring water, mu the 30% the third Bian 120g or the 50% the third careless amine oil emu 100ml add 10% pyrazosulfuron 20g immediately, mix urea 8-10kg and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field, keep 5-7cm water layer 10-15 days after medicine fertilizer; When every cave stem tiller seedling reaches 10-12 strain, field is baked in draining; Pour water after terminating in roasting field, long when determining 1cm between stem base portion first segment, mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 15kg; Double cropping late rice Feng Hanghou, when banded sclerotial blight diseased plant rate reaches 5%, mu 24% full fringe 20ml sprays to rice strain middle and lower part to water 30kg; First 15 days of cut, mu 75% oxime bacterium Tebuconazole 20g prevents and treats false smut to water 30kg spraying; 3-5 days before cut, execute and protect fertilizers for potted flowers mu urea 3-5kg potash fertilizer 2-3kg, mu adds 10% A Wei flutolanil 10ml with 24% full fringe 30ml and adds 25% pyrrole ketone 20g and add organosilicon 10g and indulge 3 generations, plant hopper 3 generation and banded sclerotial blight, false smut, rice blast to spray control snout moth's larva, rice of water 45kg; Late rice yellow maturity rate reaches to receive 100% opportunity dries storing sale.
The compound method of described step (1) mesostroma is: the rice chaff charcoal of weight ratio 6: 4 and Chaohu algae peat soil are made female soil, add 0.5% and become thoroughly decomposed that organic fungi-manure, 0.1% urea, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% seedling strengthen agent carry out stir process, fragmentation is sieved, cover the stewing slaking of heap with film or packed slaking for subsequent use.
In described step (1), sowing comprises the following steps: hard disk sabot subsoil, adapted spreads water rod and spreads water and make chassis soil drenched, often dry kind of 100g broadcast by dish, the substrate soil of sieving that after planting machine spreads without fostering and apply fertilizer again builds seed, the neat pile of hard disk is after planting placed on high elevation level land, highly be no more than 1.5m, top layer is added a cover and bare substrate dish is housed is beared down on one, upper shoe lid plastic sheeting for farm use, concentrated darkening is urged and is educated 2-3 days, with 65% fenaminosulf wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, pasteurised completely is carried out to seedbed, Small plastic shed film to be encircleed in early rice seedling raising greenhouse cover or the insulation of tiling non-woven fabrics, moisturizing, ditch-water is filled immediately and the native 20-30min of drenched dish after balance terminates, draining moisturizing subsequently.
In described step (1), seedling management comprises the following steps: the packing phase: rice shoot founds pin to 1 leaf 1 heart stage, coil native surface temperature control at 25-30 DEG C, and every mu sprays 15% paclobutrazol 150g and promotes packing to water 30kg; Weaning stage: rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart to 3 leaf phase: card soil table temperature 25-30 DEG C, spray urea and timely clear water sprinkle nurturing staff; Play seedling stage: after rice shoot grows to 3 leaves, to keep under strict control moisture content, ditch-water is drained in 3-5 days before cultivation, based on temperature adjustment of watering in time when 10 rice shoot blades do not hang dew the morning, lifting every mu of use 25% the previous day pymetrozine 10g adds 20% tricyclazole 50g to water 30kg spraying rice shoot, when rice shoot reaches 3.5 leaf age, root system can coil the root felt of forming consolidation, directly rice shoot is rolled when getting seedling.
The compound method of described step (2) mesostroma is: the rice chaff charcoal of weight ratio 6: 4 and Chaohu algae peat soil are made female soil, add 0.5% and become thoroughly decomposed that organic fungi-manure, 0.1% urea, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% seedling strengthen agent carry out stir process, fragmentation is sieved, cover the stewing slaking of heap with film or packed slaking for subsequent use.
In described step (2), sowing comprises the following steps: hard disk sabot subsoil, adapted spreads water rod and spreads water and make chassis soil drenched, often dry kind of 100g broadcast by dish, the substrate soil of sieving that after planting machine spreads without fostering and apply fertilizer again builds seed, the neat pile of hard disk is after planting placed on high elevation level land, highly be no more than 1.5m, top layer is added a cover and bare substrate dish is housed is beared down on one, upper shoe lid plastic sheeting for farm use, concentrated darkening is urged and is educated 2-3 days, with 65% fenaminosulf wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, pasteurised completely is carried out to seedbed, lid sunshade net or the insulation of tiling non-woven fabrics, moisturizing, ditch-water is filled immediately and the native 20-30min of drenched dish after balance terminates, draining moisturizing subsequently.
In described step (2), seedling management comprises the following steps: the packing phase: rice shoot founds pin to 1 leaf 1 heart stage, coil native surface temperature control at 25-30 DEG C, and every mu sprays 15% paclobutrazol 150g and promotes packing to water 30kg; Weaning stage: rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart to 3 leaf phase: card soil table temperature 25-30 DEG C, spray urea and timely clear water sprinkle nurturing staff; Play seedling stage: after rice shoot grows to 3 leaves, to keep under strict control moisture content, ditch-water is drained in 3-5 days before cultivation, based on temperature adjustment of watering in time when 10 rice shoot blades do not hang dew the morning, lifting every mu of use 25% the previous day pymetrozine 10g adds 20% tricyclazole 50g to water 30kg spraying rice shoot, when rice shoot reaches 3.5 leaf age, root system can coil the root felt of forming consolidation, directly rice shoot is rolled when getting seedling.
The step of seed treatment is also comprised before sowing in described step (1).
The step of seed treatment is also comprised before sowing in described step (2).
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the seedling cultivation of early rice of the present invention and late rice selects the organic nutrient soil of slaking to do matrix, for rice shoot provides sufficient nutrient component, environmental pollution is little; Use sufficient composite fertilizer after rice mechanical transplanting, impose tillering fertilizer and closed weeding early, fertilizers for potted flowers urged by heavy dressing jointing, carry out the control of banded sclerotial blight, gather in time, for early rice and the difference of late rice seedling raising time, carry out the fertilising of paddy rice and the preventing and controlling of damage by disease and insect, improve ripening rate.
Embodiment
For the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
One, early rice is cultivated
1, seedbed is done
, ventilation and penetrating light, filling draining easily farmland or garden higher in physical features are selected in seedbed, generally should suitably away from wheatland.High furrow are made in seedbed, and furrow face is smooth, and to drop down or water is whole drops down flat in doing whole water the 1-2 month in advance, furrow ditch is unobstructed.Furrow face width degree: the furrow face 1.5m of floppy disk seedling is wide, the furrow face width 1.5 ~ 2.5m of hard disk seedling.Every mu of land for growing field crops need prepare 4 ~ 5 square metres, rice seedling bed.After the leveling of furrow face, cover root resistance film (non-woven fabrics), to prevent rice shoot root system from penetrating bed soil, promote rice shoot packing, be convenient to plant wound when controlling seedling excessive growth and alleviate transplanting.
2, Jian Peng
Booth span 6-8m, long 80m, high 2.5m.Cover plastic sheeting for farm use and skirt film.
3, the preparation of matrix
Within 1-3 month in advance, configure organic Nutrition Soil: make female soil by after the spring before the winter by 6: the 4 rice chaff charcoals prepared and Chaohu algae peat soil with special equipment, add 0.5% and become thoroughly decomposed that organic fungi-manure, 0.1% urea, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% seedling strengthen agent carry out stir process, fragmentation is sieved, cover the stewing slaking of heap with film or packed slaking for subsequent use.
4, seedling dish is selected
Seedling dish selects hard disk specification to be 28*58*2.5cm, every mu of use 20 ~ 25.
5, seeding and seedling raising
(1) seed treatment
Select the fine 1-2 days that basks seeds before seed soaking, seed, after selection by winnowing, screening and clear water are floating, carries out Medicament soaked seed.Seed soaking medicament can be watered 10kg with 25% Prochloraz 2ml, and soak seed after stirring 5 ~ 6kg, and soak seed 24-36h under 30 DEG C of water temperatures, and liquid exceeds seed aspect 10cm, and every day stirs two to three times.Play water after seed soaking, when vernalization to broken chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, spreading for cooling is waited to broadcast.
(2) sow
By configuration matrix machine dress seedling dish, strike off, keep chassis soil 2cm thickness; Adapted spreads water rod and spreads water soil drenched often dish in chassis is broadcast dry kind 100 grams (wet kind about 120 grams), and sowing evenly, generally keeps every square centimeter and is no less than 2 seeds, can not broadcast leakage and repeat sowing; After planting machine spreads matrix (substrate soil of sieving without fostering and apply fertilizer) and builds seed again, strikes off, keeps thickness 0.25cm; The neat pile of hard disk is after planting placed on high elevation level land, is highly no more than 1.5m, and top layer is added a cover and bare substrate dish is housed is beared down on one, upper shoe lid plastic sheeting for farm use, and concentrated darkening is urged and educated 2-3 days, puts floppy disk and leave the bed during neat seedling; Seedbed on balance: note the minor face of seedling dish outside during pendulum seedling dish, ajust, put together, put tightly, be conducive to machine rice transplanting from now on; With 65% fenaminosulf wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, pasteurised completely is carried out to seedbed, can not wash away by flood, in order to avoid wash upside down the nutrient in seedling, leaching loss matrix, cause uneven and rice shoot growing way inequality of emerging; The covering of Small plastic shed film to be encircleed or tile non-woven fabrics insulation, moisturizing in early rice seedling raising greenhouse; Ditch-water is filled immediately and the native 20-30min of drenched dish, draining moisturizing subsequently after balance terminates.
6, seedling management
The packing phase: rice shoot founds pin to 1 leaf 1 heart stage: soil of trying to get to the heart of a matter keeps moistening, regulating the qi flowing in the channels temperature adjustment, coil native surface temperature 25-30 DEG C, temperature maintains the lower bound 25 DEG C of thermophilic, particularly night, temperature should get the lower bound management of thermophilic, rice shoot 1 leaf 1 heart stage timely mu seedbed spray 15% paclobutrazol 150g to water 30kg, to control seedling excessive growth, promote packing.
Weaning stage: rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart to the 3 leaf phase, the low soil of holding tray is moistening, card soil table temperature 25-30 DEG C, bed ditch and gutter fine day will fill ditch-water, and light rain, cloudy day drain water.With regulating the qi flowing in the channels insulation, promote root growth.See seedling imposes " wean is fertile ", often coil when rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart stage leaf colour cast is light with 7.5g urea add water 3kg spray and timely clear water sprinkle in case fertilizer damage, nurturing staff.
Play seedling stage: after rice shoot grows to 3 leaves, to keep under strict control moisture content, ditch-water is drained in 3-5 days before cultivation, based on temperature adjustment of watering in time when about 10 rice shoot blades do not hang dew the morning, upper-controlling-lower-promoting, impose " send and transfer fertilizer " 0.2% urea liquid in conjunction with watering, add 20% tricyclazole 50g with 25% pymetrozine 10g the previous day at lifting and spray to water 30kgk, band medicine is gone to the field.Organic Selenium rice shoot well developed root system, when rice shoot reaches 3.5 leaf age, root system can coil the root felt of forming consolidation, gets Miao Shike and directly rice shoot is rolled.For the ease of getting seedling, as far as possible watering a water by one day before noon in transplanting, getting seedling and watering the same day and unfavorablely get seedling, fortune seedling.Seedling volume can transport in overlapping entrucking, and loading height is no more than 6 layers as far as possible.
Two, double cropping late rice strengthens seedling cultivation
1, seedbed is done
, ventilation and penetrating light, filling draining easily farmland or garden higher in physical features are selected in seedbed, generally should suitably away from wheatland.High furrow are made in seedbed, and furrow face is smooth, and to drop down or water is whole drops down flat in doing whole water 4-5 month in advance, furrow ditch is unobstructed.The furrow face width 1.5 ~ 2.5m of hard disk seedling.Every mu of land for growing field crops need prepare 4 ~ 5 square metres, rice seedling bed.After the leveling of furrow face, cover root resistance film (non-woven fabrics), to prevent rice shoot root system from penetrating bed soil, promote rice shoot packing, be convenient to plant wound when controlling seedling excessive growth and alleviate transplanting
2, the preparation of matrix
Within 1-3 month in advance, configure organic Nutrition Soil: make female soil by after the spring before the winter by 6: the 4 rice chaff charcoals prepared and Chaohu algae peat soil with special equipment, add 0.5% and become thoroughly decomposed that organic fungi-manure, 0.1% urea, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% seedling strengthen agent carry out stir process, fragmentation is sieved, cover the stewing slaking of heap with film or packed slaking for subsequent use.
3, seedling dish is selected
Seedling dish selects hard disk specification to be 28*58*2.5cm, every mu of use 26 ~ 30.
4, seeding and seedling raising
(1) seed treatment
Select the fine 1-2 days that basks seeds before seed soaking, seed, after selection by winnowing, screening and clear water are floating, carries out Medicament soaked seed.Seed soaking medicament can be watered 10kg with 25% Prochloraz 2ml, and soak seed after stirring 5 ~ 6kg, and soak seed 24-36h under 30 DEG C of water temperatures, and liquid exceeds seed aspect 10cm, and every day stirs two to three times.Play water after seed soaking, when vernalization to broken chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, spreading for cooling is waited to broadcast.
(2) sow
By configuration matrix machine dress seedling dish, strike off, keep chassis soil 2cm thickness; Adapted spreads water rod and spreads water soil drenched often dish in chassis is broadcast dry kind 100 grams (wet kind about 120 grams), and sowing evenly, generally keeps every square centimeter and is no less than 2 seeds, can not broadcast leakage and repeat sowing; After planting machine spreads matrix (substrate soil of sieving without fostering and apply fertilizer) and builds seed again, strikes off, keeps thickness 0.25cm; The neat pile of hard disk is after planting placed on high elevation level land, is highly no more than 1.5m, and top layer is added a cover and bare substrate dish is housed is beared down on one, upper shoe lid plastic sheeting for farm use, and concentrated darkening is urged and educated 2-3 days, puts floppy disk and leave the bed during neat seedling; Seedbed on balance: note the minor face of seedling dish outside during pendulum seedling dish, ajust, put together, put tightly, be conducive to machine rice transplanting from now on; With 65% fenaminosulf wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, pasteurised completely is carried out to seedbed, can not wash away by flood, in order to avoid wash upside down the nutrient in seedling, leaching loss matrix, cause uneven and rice shoot growing way inequality of emerging; The covering of Small plastic shed film to be encircleed or tile non-woven fabrics insulation, moisturizing in early rice seedling raising greenhouse; Ditch-water is filled immediately and the native 20-30min of drenched dish, draining moisturizing subsequently after balance terminates.
5, seedling management
The packing phase: rice shoot founds pin to 1 leaf 1 heart stage: soil of trying to get to the heart of a matter keeps moistening, regulating the qi flowing in the channels temperature adjustment, coil native surface temperature 25-30 DEG C, temperature maintains the lower bound 25 DEG C of thermophilic, particularly night, temperature should get the lower bound management of thermophilic, rice shoot 1 leaf 1 heart stage timely mu seedbed spray 15% paclobutrazol 150g to water 30kg, to control seedling excessive growth, promote packing.
Weaning stage: rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart to the 3 leaf phase, the low soil of holding tray is moistening, card soil table temperature 25-30 DEG C, bed ditch and gutter fine day will fill ditch-water, and light rain, cloudy day drain water.With regulating the qi flowing in the channels insulation, promote root growth.See seedling imposes " wean is fertile ", often coil when rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart stage leaf colour cast is light with 7.5g urea add water 3kg spray and timely clear water sprinkle in case fertilizer damage, nurturing staff.
Play seedling stage: after rice shoot grows to 3 leaves, to keep under strict control moisture content, ditch-water is drained in 3-5 days before cultivation, based on temperature adjustment of watering in time when about 10 rice shoot blades do not hang dew the morning, upper-controlling-lower-promoting, impose " send and transfer fertilizer " 0.2% urea liquid in conjunction with watering, add 20% tricyclazole 50g with 25% pymetrozine 10g the previous day at lifting and spray to water 30kg, band medicine is gone to the field.Organic Selenium rice shoot well developed root system, when rice shoot reaches 3.5 leaf age, root system can coil the root felt of forming consolidation, gets Miao Shike and directly rice shoot is rolled.For the ease of getting seedling, as far as possible watering a water by one day before noon in transplanting, getting seedling and watering the same day and unfavorablely get seedling, fortune seedling.Seedling volume can transport in overlapping entrucking, and loading height is no more than 6 layers as far as possible.
Three, the land for growing field crops machine transplanting of rice and management
1, the early rice machine transplanting of rice and management
Early rice machine transplanting of rice field base manure is used and whole work: stubble or Winter paddy field before early rice, turned over the plough winter before winter to turn up soil, or the winter support field as kind of a grass, vegetables, in early spring by the end of March at the beginning of 4 months, allow a batch rotary tillage, use sufficient base manure: mu 45% composite fertilizer 35-40kg, pour water and soak after 2-3 days, overboardly rake to the rotary tillage of melon skin water layer, difference of height is no more than 2-3cm, and precipitate 1-2 days to be inserted.
Reasonable machine transplanting of rice density: early rice is short for breeding time, rationally will participate Basic Seedling, and by 30 × 11cm or 30 × 12cm, mu sticks with 1.85-2.02 ten thousand cave, and 4-5 seedling is inserted in every cave, and mu participates 8-10 ten thousand seedling.Leak detection after inserting, wants artificial interpolation in time if leak when the rate of inserting is greater than 10%.
Impose tillering fertilizer and closed weeding early: after the machine transplanting of rice in 2-3 days, timely filling shoaling layer, one wants seedling-protection, two will close weeding, three will impose tillering fertilizer, after pouring water, mu the 30% the third Bian 120g or the 50% the third careless amine oil emu 100ml add 10% than ethyl methyl 20g immediately, mix urea 8-10kg and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field, keep 5-7cm water layer 10-15 days after medicine fertilizer.
Roasting field: when every cave stem tiller seedling reaches 10-12 strain, timely draining to bake field, to control ineffective tillering, and short early tiller Cheng great Sui estranged.Till roasting field standard can be kept a foothold with soil table.
Fertilizers for potted flowers urged by heavy dressing jointing: pour water after terminating in roasting field, and long when determining 1cm when between stem base portion first segment, mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 15kg.
Prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight: early rice Feng Hanghou, when banded sclerotial blight diseased plant rate reaches 5%, mu 24% full fringe 20ml sprays to rice strain middle and lower part to water 30kg.
Execute short fertilizers for potted flowers ingeniously: 3-5 days before cut, see that the growth of cereal crop seedlings is executed ingeniously and protect fertilizers for potted flowers mu urea 3-5kg potash fertilizer 2-3kg.
Shoaling layer protects fringe, moistening maturation, and early insert full heading time, shoaling layer will be filled with in field, promotes flowering grouting, and milk ripe stage keeps field moistening, improves thousand kernel weight and ripening rate.Later stage 7-10 days cuts off the water supply and to receive in order to machine.
Yellow maturity is gathered in time: according to weather condition when early rice yellow maturity rate reaches 90%, and receive opportunity to allow a batch late rice machine transplanting of rice.
2, the double cropping late rice machine transplanting of rice and management
Double cropping late rice machine transplanting of rice field base manure is used and whole work: stubble or early rice before two late rice, or early spring melon and fruit, vegetables, by the end of June or July early and middle ten days, allow a batch rotary tillage, use sufficient base manure: mu 45% composite fertilizer 35-40kg, pour water and soak after 2-3 days, overboardly to rake to the rotary tillage of melon skin water layer, difference of height is no more than 2-3cm, and precipitate 1-2 days to be inserted.
Reasonable machine transplanting of rice density: two late rice is shorter for breeding time, rationally will participate Basic Seedling, by 30 × 12cm or 30 × 12cm, mu sticks with 1.85-2.02 ten thousand cave, and 5-6 seedling is inserted in every cave, and mu participates 10-12 ten thousand seedling.Leak detection after inserting, wants artificial interpolation in time if leak when the rate of inserting is greater than 10%.
Impose tillering fertilizer and closed weeding early: after the machine transplanting of rice in 2-3 days, timely filling shoaling layer, one wants seedling-protection, two will close weeding, three will impose tillering fertilizer, after pouring water, mu the 30% the third Bian 120g or the 50% the third careless amine oil emu 100ml add 10% pyrazosulfuron 20g immediately, mix urea 8-10kg and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field, keep 5-7cm water layer 10-15 days after medicine fertilizer.
Roasting field: when every cave stem tiller seedling reaches 10-12 strain, timely draining to bake field, to control ineffective tillering, and short early tiller Cheng great Sui estranged.Till roasting field standard can be kept a foothold with soil table.
Fertilizers for potted flowers urged by heavy dressing jointing: pour water after terminating in roasting field, and long when determining 1cm when between stem base portion first segment, mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 15kg.
Prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight and false smut: two rice Feng Hanghou, when banded sclerotial blight diseased plant rate reaches 5%, mu 24% full fringe 20ml sprays to rice strain middle and lower part to water 30kg.When remainder leaf number is 1.5 at cut first 15 days, mu 75% oxime bacterium Tebuconazole 20g sprayed to water 30kg.
Execute short fertilizers for potted flowers ingeniously: 3-5 days before cut, see that the growth of cereal crop seedlings is executed ingeniously and protect fertilizers for potted flowers mu urea 3-5kg potash fertilizer 2-3kg.
Main heavy fringe phase diseases and pests controlling: mainly snout moth's larva, rice indulge the control of 3 generations, plant hopper 3 generation and banded sclerotial blight, false smut, rice blast, mu adds 10% A Wei flutolanil 10ml with 24% full fringe 30ml and adds 25% pyrrole ketone 20g and add organosilicon 10g to water 45kg spraying in 3-5 days before cut.
Shoaling layer protects fringe, moistening maturation, and early insert full heading time, shoaling layer will be filled with in field, promotes flowering grouting, and milk ripe stage keeps field moistening, improves thousand kernel weight and ripening rate.Later stage 7-10 days cuts off the water supply and to receive in order to machine.
Yellow maturity is gathered in time: according to frost occurs weather condition when late rice yellow maturity rate reaches 100%, and receive opportunity to dry storing and sell.
Early rice per mu yield 550kg, the effective fringe about 260,000 of mu, the real grain 85 of average every fringe, ripening rate about 85%, thousand kernel weight 25g, double cropping late rice per mu yield 600kg, the effective fringe about 300,000 of mu, the real grain about 75 of average every fringe, thousand fringe 27g, ripening rate about 90%.
Above content is only citing made for the present invention and explanation; affiliated those skilled in the art make various amendment to described specific embodiment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute; only otherwise depart from invention or surmount this scope as defined in the claims, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (8)
1. double cropping rice seedling culturing machine plants a culture method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) early rice strengthens seedling cultivation: the 1-2 month does seedbed, builds canopy, the preparation of matrix, and seedling dish selects hard disk specification to be 28*58*2.5cm, with 20-25, sows, seedling management for every mu;
(2) double cropping late rice is strengthened seedling and is cultivated: the 4-5 month does seedbed, the preparation of matrix, and seedling dish selects hard disk specification to be 28*58*2.5cm, every mu of use 26 ~ 30, sowing, seedling management;
(3) field production management:
(3-1) the early rice machine transplanting of rice and management: early spring is by the end of March at the beginning of 4 months, allows a batch rotary tillage, uses sufficient base manure: mu 45% composite fertilizer 35-40kg, precipitate 1-2 days to be inserted; By 30 × 11cm or 30 × 12cm, mu inserts 1.85-2.02 ten thousand cave, and 4-5 seedling is inserted in every cave, and mu inserts 8-10 ten thousand seedling; After the machine transplanting of rice in 2-3 days, fill with shoaling layer in time, after pouring water, mu the 30% the third Bian 120g or the 50% the third careless amine oil emu 100ml add 10% pyrazosulfuron 20g immediately, mix urea 8-10kg and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field, keep 5-7cm water layer 10-15 days after medicine fertilizer; When every cave stem tiller seedling reaches 10-12 strain, field is baked in draining; Pour water after terminating in roasting field, long when determining 1cm between stem base portion first segment, mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 15kg; Early rice Feng Hanghou, when banded sclerotial blight diseased plant rate reaches 5%, mu 24% full fringe 20ml sprays to rice strain middle and lower part to water 30kg; 3-5 days before cut, executes guarantor's fertilizers for potted flowers ingeniously, mu urea 3-5kg potash fertilizer 2-3kg; Early rice yellow maturity rate reaches 90% machine and receives, and allows a batch late rice machine transplanting of rice;
(3-2) the double cropping late rice machine transplanting of rice and management: by the end of June or July early and middle ten days, allow a batch rotary tillage, use sufficient base manure: mu 45% composite fertilizer 35-40kg, precipitate 1-2 days to be inserted; By 30 × 12cm or 30 × 12cm, mu inserts 1.85-2.02 ten thousand cave, and 5-6 seedling is inserted in every cave, and mu inserts 10-12 ten thousand seedling; Timely filling shoaling layer, after pouring water, mu the 30% the third Bian 120g or the 50% the third careless amine oil emu 100ml add 10% pyrazosulfuron 20g immediately, mix urea 8-10kg and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field, keep 5-7cm water layer 10-15 days after medicine fertilizer; When every cave stem tiller seedling reaches 10-12 strain, field is baked in draining; Pour water after terminating in roasting field, long when determining 1cm between stem base portion first segment, mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 15kg; Double cropping late rice Feng Hanghou, when banded sclerotial blight diseased plant rate reaches 5%, mu 24% full fringe 20ml sprays to rice strain middle and lower part to water 30kg; First 15 days of cut, mu 75% oxime bacterium Tebuconazole 20g prevents and treats false smut to water 30kg spraying; 3-5 days before cut, execute and protect fertilizers for potted flowers mu urea 3-5kg potash fertilizer 2-3kg, mu adds 10% A Wei flutolanil 10ml with 24% full fringe 30ml and adds 25% pyrrole ketone 20g and add organosilicon 10g and indulge 3 generations, plant hopper 3 generation and banded sclerotial blight, false smut, rice blast to spray control snout moth's larva, rice of water 45kg; Late rice yellow maturity rate reaches to receive 100% opportunity dries storing sale.
2. double cropping rice seedling culturing machine according to claim 1 plants culture method, it is characterized in that, the compound method of described step (1) mesostroma is: the rice chaff charcoal of weight ratio 6: 4 and Chaohu algae peat soil are made female soil, add 0.5% and become thoroughly decomposed that organic fungi-manure, 0.1% urea, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% seedling strengthen agent carry out stir process, fragmentation is sieved, cover the stewing slaking of heap with film or packed slaking for subsequent use.
3. double cropping rice seedling culturing machine according to claim 1 plants culture method, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), sowing comprises the following steps: hard disk sabot subsoil, adapted spreads water rod and spreads water and make chassis soil drenched, often dry kind of 100g broadcast by dish, the substrate soil of sieving that after planting machine spreads without fostering and apply fertilizer again builds seed, the neat pile of hard disk is after planting placed on high elevation level land, highly be no more than 1.5m, top layer is added a cover and bare substrate dish is housed is beared down on one, upper shoe lid plastic sheeting for farm use, concentrated darkening is urged and is educated 2-3 days, with 65% fenaminosulf wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, pasteurised completely is carried out to seedbed, Small plastic shed film to be encircleed in early rice seedling raising greenhouse cover or the insulation of tiling non-woven fabrics, moisturizing, ditch-water is filled immediately and the native 20-30min of drenched dish after balance terminates, draining moisturizing subsequently.
4. the double cropping rice seedling culturing machine according to right 1 plants culture method, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), seedling management comprises the following steps: the packing phase: rice shoot founds pin to 1 leaf 1 heart stage, coil native surface temperature control at 25-30 DEG C, every mu sprays 15% paclobutrazol 150g and promotes packing to water 30kg; Weaning stage: rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart to 3 leaf phase: card soil table temperature 25-30 DEG C, spray urea and timely clear water sprinkle nurturing staff; Play seedling stage: after rice shoot grows to 3 leaves, to keep under strict control moisture content, ditch-water is drained in 3-5 days before cultivation, based on temperature adjustment of watering in time when 10 rice shoot blades do not hang dew the morning, lifting every mu of use 25% the previous day pymetrozine 10g adds 20% tricyclazole 50g to water 30kg spraying rice shoot, when rice shoot reaches 3.5 leaf age, root system can coil the root felt of forming consolidation, directly rice shoot is rolled when getting seedling.
5. the double cropping rice seedling culturing machine according to right 1 plants culture method, it is characterized in that, the compound method of described step (2) mesostroma is: the rice chaff charcoal of weight ratio 6: 4 and Chaohu algae peat soil are made female soil, add 0.5% and become thoroughly decomposed that organic fungi-manure, 0.1% urea, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% seedling strengthen agent carry out stir process, fragmentation is sieved, cover the stewing slaking of heap with film or packed slaking for subsequent use.
6. double cropping rice seedling culturing machine according to claim 1 plants culture method, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), sowing comprises the following steps: hard disk sabot subsoil, adapted spreads water rod and spreads water and make chassis soil drenched, often dry kind of 100g broadcast by dish, the substrate soil of sieving that after planting machine spreads without fostering and apply fertilizer again builds seed, the neat pile of hard disk is after planting placed on high elevation level land, highly be no more than 1.5m, top layer is added a cover and bare substrate dish is housed is beared down on one, upper shoe lid plastic sheeting for farm use, concentrated darkening is urged and is educated 2-3 days, with 65% fenaminosulf wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, pasteurised completely is carried out to seedbed, lid sunshade net or the insulation of tiling non-woven fabrics, moisturizing, ditch-water is filled immediately and the native 20-30min of drenched dish after balance terminates, draining moisturizing subsequently.
7. double cropping rice seedling culturing machine according to claim 1 plants culture method, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), seedling management comprises the following steps: the packing phase: rice shoot founds pin to 1 leaf 1 heart stage, coil native surface temperature control at 25-30 DEG C, every mu sprays 15% paclobutrazol 150g and promotes packing to water 30kg; Weaning stage: rice shoot 2 leaf 1 heart to 3 leaf phase: card soil table temperature 25-30 DEG C, spray urea and timely clear water sprinkle nurturing staff; Play seedling stage: after rice shoot grows to 3 leaves, to keep under strict control moisture content, ditch-water is drained in 3-5 days before cultivation, based on temperature adjustment of watering in time when 10 rice shoot blades do not hang dew the morning, lifting every mu of use 25% the previous day pymetrozine 10g adds 20% tricyclazole 50g to water 30kg spraying rice shoot, when rice shoot reaches 3.5 leaf age, root system can coil the root felt of forming consolidation, directly rice shoot is rolled when getting seedling.
8. double cropping rice seedling culturing machine according to claim 1 plants culture method, it is characterized in that, described step (1) also comprises the step of seed treatment before sowing with (2) are middle.
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