CN104322235A - Single-ridge two-row cultivation method of green asparagus - Google Patents
Single-ridge two-row cultivation method of green asparagus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104322235A CN104322235A CN201410272077.4A CN201410272077A CN104322235A CN 104322235 A CN104322235 A CN 104322235A CN 201410272077 A CN201410272077 A CN 201410272077A CN 104322235 A CN104322235 A CN 104322235A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/10—Asparagus
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-ridge two-row cultivation method of green asparagus. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: laying an organic fertilizer layer at the bottom of a ridging box and ridging by using mellow soil doped with peat after deep tillage of a planting field and before ridging; excavating drainage ditches in the two sides of a ridge after the ridging; then planting two rows of green asparagus seedlings on the box face of the ridging box in parallel; keeping the spacing between the two rows of green asparagus seedlings to be over 60 cm to realize single-ridge two-row cultivation of the green asparagus. According to the method, the planting soil is deeply tilled in the mode that 0.35 m is deeply tilled by using a deep tillage plough, and then the organic fertilizer of 40-60 cm is laid on the box bottom, so that the ridging box after ridging has adequate nutrition; on such basis, two rows of green asparagus seedlings are cultivated on the same ridged box and are cultivated on the box face in parallel; thus the land resource can be effectively saved and utilized, the yield per unit area is improved, mechanical operation is also conveniently performed, and the labor cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a Plants, refer in particular to a kind of southern green asparagus open field culture method, belong to agriculture planting technical field.
background technology:
Green asparagus has another name called " asparagus ", it is one of large famous dish in the world ten, enjoy the laudatory title of " kings of vegetables " in the international market, with harsh go out tender stem do vegetables eat, the tender and crisp delicate fragrance of quality, be have the old medicinal diet health-care vegetable of anti-cancer, anti-disease, anti-aging, enjoy the favor of consumer at home and abroad, green asparagus has become high-grade health-care vegetable popular to people.And its plant type is attractive in appearance, plants in roadside, canal limit can beautify the environment.But green asparagus is higher with requirement for the environment of cultivation, careless slightly by reducing the seed output and quality of green asparagus, even there is plant disease, cause cultivating unsuccessfully; Especially how the place for the moistening humidity in south selects suitable planting type, more easily there is the harm of damage by disease and insect, so the difficulty of plantation strengthens, how to select suitable geographical environment, and take suitable planting type to be the heat subject that south cultivation green asparagus is worth studying.
What the cultivation of usual green asparagus adopted is selects that soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, well, not easily ponding, high and dry sandy loam must select that soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, well, not easily ponding, high and dry sandy loam are cultivated in irrigation and drainage in irrigation and drainage.Generally comprise nursery and field planting two processes; Wherein, the cultivation method of current so-called high yield mainly takes concentrated nursery, and then the mode of field planting is cultivated; Wherein emphasize in field planting cultivation:
1, plantation density
Plantation density and unit are are planted the strain number of asparagus.Whether reasonable density is, is related to Yield and quality and the length of adopting the bamboo shoot time limit.Plantation density is excessive, has certain benefit to the high yield in early stage of asparagus, but along with the expansion year by year of asparagus plateau, overground part can be caused to grow strongly fragrant covering, and ventilation and penetrating light is bad, easily causes the generation of disease.Plantation density is too small, can not make full use of soil fertility and illumination, and output is not high, and economic benefit declines.So reasonably density should be maximally utilise soil fertility and illumination, improve the seed output and quality of tender stem, and can keep giving stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging for years.According to test and bamboo shoot agriculture production practices for many years, the restriction of Green Asparagus Cultivaton owing to not earthed up, line-spacing can narrow down to 1.3 ~ 1.5m, and spacing in the rows is 0.25 ~ 0.3m equally, field planting 2.7 ~ 30,000 strains/about hm2 is comparatively suitable, and southern area line-spacing is suitably increased to 1.4 ~ 1.5m and is advisable.For ease of carrying out the extermination of disease and insect pest, each Planting box face should adopt single file to cultivate.
2, field planting method
Fetch earth with the distance plant division of spacing in the rows 0.25 ~ 0.3m with the centre, Planting box face that the instrument of fetching earth is covering mulch film, the degree of depth that fetches earth should at 12 ~ 15cm.Note having got in native field planting hole and can not having had ponding, because ponding is more than 48h, the breathing of root system and physiological activity start to be affected, and more than 72h, some capillary roots of asparagus seedling start death.After field planting hole is put in order, the asparagus seedling in nutritive cube and Nutrition Soil are taken out in the lump, puts into field planting hole, cover surface after the soil loosening then taken out in Planting box face, asparagus seedling wherein will be kept to be advisable in the middle in field planting hole.If soil is drier, after field planting, should suitably water a water, but can not be too much.
But find in actual applications, light notices that still exist some problems at above-mentioned 2: one is exactly because the root growth of green asparagus 85% is below ground level in 15 ~ 45cm soil layer, and the degree of depth that fetches earth under normal circumstances should will extreme influence green asparagus root growth at 12 ~ 15cm
It two be exactly general tilling depth is 20 ~ 25cm, then the root system of green asparagus 60% ~ 70% will grow in the raw soil layer of below 20cm (knotts clay), and green asparagus root system reaches 1 ~ 1.5m with vertical downwardly towards external, so only dig the wide field planting ditch of 50cm, the requirement of green asparagus root growth can not be met far away, also do not reach the object of later stage stable high yield.
Three to be exactly present green asparagus be all generally adopts the single file plantation of single Gansu Province for it, though plantation can keep the quality of cultivation preferably like this, output is not very high, and a lot of soil does not make full use of.
Therefore, how to carry out high-quality, the efficient plantation green asparagus in south and throw away worth exploration further.
Do not find that there is the patent literature constructed with the present invention by patent retrieval, related to the present invention mainly containing is following:
1, the patent No. is CN201310662367.5, name is called the patent of invention of " a kind of facility cultivation method of warm regional green asparagus ", which disclose a kind of facility cultivation method of green asparagus, according to the feature of asparagus biological property, the developing of warm regional green asparagus damage by disease and insect, the cultivation of warm district facility, to soil condition, cultivating facility, nursery, field planting, field management, integrated pest prevention and control six part establishment model, the technical system of warm regional green asparagus facility controlling and cultivating and damage by disease and insect Comprehensive Control is proposed.
2, the patent No. is CN200810237642.8, name is called the patent of invention of " method for cultivating green asparagus with good quality and high yield ", which disclose a kind of method for cultivating green asparagus with good quality and high yield, season the cultivation of green asparagus is subdivided into by plant growth rule, the extermination of disease and insect pest and solar term, nursery, field planting, field management, fertilising, the extermination of disease and insect pest five parts.Wherein, described nursery comprises (1) vernalization: the 300 times of immersions of the carbendazim with 50% steep 12 hours, then uses the emerge in worm water 48 hours of 30 DEG C-35 DEG C, is leached by seed, puts into basin, and the wet cloth of lid, is placed in the environment of 25-28 DEG C; (2) preparing seedbed: select sand to do seedbed, use decomposed manure 2000kg, phosphate fertilizer 30kg, potash fertilizer 15kg, Furadan 2kg, turn over, and carry out nursery bed disinfection for every mu, leveling, pours water; (3) sow: carry out bunch planting, broadcast rear earthing 1cm, controlling temperature in seedbed is 25 DEG C-30 DEG C, sprays once with the blue or green pulvis of 40% asparagus 600 times of liquid every 10-15 days.Described field planting is that choosing is treated the plot that rich water is strong, first to plough deeply wholely, fertilising, every mu of nitrogen executing high-quality fertilizer that 5-6 sides have become thoroughly decomposed and 50kg, phosphorus, potassium (45%) composite fertilizer are spread in planting furrow, about controlling every mu of 1900 strains of planting, line-spacing presses 1.4 meters, spacing in the rows 25 centimetres.It is foster that described field management comprises staying of (1) spring stubble: after the beginning of spring, can gather to the tender stem of pumping as green asparagus, and gather to mid-May and start to stay foster spring stubble, within 2 years, bamboo shoot field can stay foster 3-4; (2) autumn stubble stay foster; Asparagus gather late August stop gather, enter autumn and stay foster management phase.Twice fertilizer is executed in described fertilising every year; Be the vernalization fertilizer before tender stem pumping in spring for the first time, second time sends out rejuvenation fertilizer at the autumn of early September; After entering picking time, topdress, repeatedly gently to execute as principle, adopt bamboo shoot in earlier stage every 15-20 days, about 10 days later stage fertilising 1 time.The described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises (1) and does a good job of it field health, reduces bacterium source base, removes the aging in field withered female stem and the residual leaf of deadwood, weeds always, concentrates and burn, and then to carry out disinfection sterilization with asparagus green grass or young crops pulvis 600 times of liquid of 40%; (2), when female stem grows to 5cm height, by 50% pair of lucky victory+80% than 500 times of liquid spray medicines of getting profit, spray in general 5-7 days once, will fill spray after meeting rain; (3) pest control; Based on biological control, take black old lamp trapping etc.
Though these patents above-mentioned have all related to Green Asparagus Cultivaton method, but still do not break through traditional cultivation method, still do not solve how more Appropriate application soil, ensureing the quality of green asparagus simultaneously, the problem of the output of further raising green asparagus, therefore how Appropriate application soil, improves the output of green asparagus further, still needs to be improved further.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly still can not the deficiency in Appropriate application soil according to current Green Asparagus Cultivaton method, a kind of novel Green Asparagus Cultivaton method is provided, this kind of Green Asparagus Cultivaton method while guarantee green asparagus quality, can improve the output of green asparagus further.
According to foregoing invention object, technical scheme proposed by the invention is: the cultivation method of a kind of green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows, after field planting field is ploughed deeply, before playing Gansu Province, first play layer overlay fertilizer at the bottom of the case of Gansu Province, then adopt the mellow soil being mixed with peat to carry out Gansu Province, play the excavation drain ditch, both sides in Gansu Province behind Gansu Province, on the case face of Gansu Province case, green asparagus seedling is arranged in parallel plantation two again, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, realizes the cultivation of green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows.
Further, two described row's green asparagus seedlings are that plantation is on Gansu Province case in same Gansu Province, two row's green asparagus seedling parallel plantations on case face, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, and two row's green asparagus seedlings are in oblique insertion soil, the tilted 6-9 degree of green asparagus seedling Relative vertical alignment, makes the main root of green asparagus seedling be obliquely progressively to grow from inside to outside like this, avoids root system interference each other.
Further, described is after field planting field is ploughed deeply playing layer overlay fertilizer at the bottom of the case of Gansu Province, carry out smooth process in the bottom surface, field planting field of opening, then at the bottom of the smooth case of process in the fertilizer of the thick 40-60cm of layer overlay, the long-term nutrition supply of duplicate rows green asparagus can be ensured like this.
Further, it is after field planting field is ploughed deeply that the mellow soil that described employing is mixed with peat has carried out Gansu Province, and mixed with peat by the mellow soil after ploughing deeply after completing fertilizer layer, the composite soil that recycling is mixed with peat has carried out Gansu Province, the height playing Gansu Province is 1.2-1.5m, and the width in Gansu Province is 1.5-1.6m.
Further, the proportioning that described mellow soil and peat carry out mixing is 100 parts, mellow soil: peat 15-30 part; The gas porosity of soil can be kept like this, be conducive to the permeation functions of capillary root, prevent rotting of rhizome, and root system can be strengthened fully absorb nutrition.
Further, described both sides, Gansu Province of rising are provided with drain ditch, and the width in drain ditch is 300-400mm; The bottom surface in drain ditch is lower than the box top 20-30cm playing Gansu Province.
The cultivation method of concrete green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows of employing said method is:
1, field planting field prepares
1) field is selected
According to green asparagus grow need select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, fertilizer conservation moisture capacity is strong, permeability good, subterranean water level is low, be convenient to the soil of irrigation and drainage, soil property with sandy loam and light loam the most suitable.
2) generally deep plough
By the consumption of 300kg/hm2, composite fertilizer is spread on earth's surface, then draws 1 trench plow to plough deeply 0.35m with caterpillar tractor, the immature soil, mellow soil, fertilizer, chemical fertilizer are fully mixed.
3) field planting is dug
After field planting field is generally ploughed deeply, dig and enclose ditch, and pull with north and south row or the capable line-spacing by 1.8m of thing the case face that straight line is made into wide 1.5m, in the composite fertilizer of case face bottom application 450 kg/hm2 as base manure, then base manure is covered with the soil of both sides, case face, thus accomplish the principle that middle high both sides are low), the drain ditch of wide 0.3m, dark 0.4 ~ 0.45m is then dug along both sides, case face.
4) covering with plastic film
Enclose after ditch, Planting box face, drain ditch and case face base manure executes, the wide unregistered land film of 1.2m should be covered on case face, thus better keep moisture and the nutrient of soil, be more conducive to green asparagus weeding.Cover unregistered land film and just field planting can transplant green asparagus seedling after 2 ~ 3 days.
2, field planting
1) plantation density and method
Adopt the technology of the parallel cultivation of single ridge duplicate rows, on Gansu Province case in same Gansu Province, green asparagus seedling is arranged in parallel plantation two, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, and two row's green asparagus seedlings are in oblique insertion soil, the tilted 6-9 degree of green asparagus seedling Relative vertical alignment, make the main root of green asparagus seedling be obliquely progressively to grow from inside to outside like this, avoid root system interference each other.
2) field planting method
Fetch earth with the distance plant division of same distance between rows and hills 0.25 ~ 0.3m with the centre, Planting box face that the instrument of fetching earth is covering mulch film, the degree of depth that fetches earth at 12 ~ 15cm, and should ensure that the field planting hole after fetching earth is the oblique hole of outside oblique 4-9 degree.After field planting hole is put in order, the green asparagus seedling in nutritive cube and Nutrition Soil are taken out in the lump, puts into field planting hole, cover surface after the soil loosening then taken out in Planting box face, green asparagus seedling wherein will be kept to be advisable in the middle in field planting hole.If soil is drier, after field planting, should suitably water a water, but can not be too much.
3, manage after field planting
Green asparagus after field planting must note water drainage, prevents green asparagus ground ponding after rain, causes damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, cause root system to rot.Before rainy season set, 15cm is trained on field planting bamboo shoot ridge then high, and be made into the arch that green bamboo shoot ridge is high, aisle is low, so that draining in time, and drainage trenching is wanted at the edge of a field.
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention utilizes the mode adopting trench plow to plough deeply 0.35 to deep plough definite value soil, then at the bottom of case, lay the fertilizer of 40-60cm, Gansu Province case behind Gansu Province has been made to have sufficient nutritional amt, two row's green asparagus seedlings are taked to be that plantation is on Gansu Province case in same Gansu Province on this basis, two row's green asparagus seedling parallel plantations on case face, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, and two row's green asparagus seedlings are in oblique insertion soil, the tilted 6-9 degree of green asparagus seedling Relative vertical alignment, the main root of green asparagus seedling is made to be obliquely progressively to grow from inside to outside like this, avoid root system interference each other, by more than culturing and planting density 5000 strain that can reach every mu from scheme, both effectively can save and utilized land resources and increase the yield per unit area, and also be convenient to carry out do mechanization operation, reduce cost of labor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
The cultivation method of a kind of green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows, after field planting field is ploughed deeply, before playing Gansu Province, first playing layer overlay fertilizer at the bottom of the case of Gansu Province, adopt the mellow soil being mixed with peat to carry out Gansu Province again, in the excavation drain ditch, both sides in Gansu Province behind Gansu Province, then green asparagus seedling is arranged in parallel plantation two on the case face of Gansu Province case, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, realizes the cultivation of green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows.
Further, two described row's green asparagus seedlings are that plantation is on Gansu Province case in same Gansu Province, two row's green asparagus seedling parallel plantations on case face, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, and two row's green asparagus seedlings are in oblique insertion soil, the tilted 6-9 degree of green asparagus seedling Relative vertical alignment, makes the main root of green asparagus seedling be obliquely progressively to grow from inside to outside like this, avoids root system interference each other.
Further, described is after field planting field is ploughed deeply playing layer overlay fertilizer at the bottom of the case of Gansu Province, carry out smooth process in the bottom surface, field planting field of opening, then at the bottom of the smooth case of process in the fertilizer of the thick 40-60cm of layer overlay, the long-term nutrition supply of duplicate rows green asparagus can be ensured like this.
Further, it is after field planting field is ploughed deeply that the mellow soil that described employing is mixed with peat has carried out Gansu Province, and mixed with peat by the mellow soil after ploughing deeply after completing fertilizer layer, the composite soil that recycling is mixed with peat has carried out Gansu Province, the height playing Gansu Province is 1.2-1.5m, and the width in Gansu Province is 1.5-1.6m.
Further, the proportioning that described mellow soil and peat carry out mixing is 100 parts, mellow soil: peat 15-30 part; The gas porosity of soil can be kept like this, be conducive to the permeation functions of capillary root, prevent rotting of rhizome, and root system can be strengthened fully absorb nutrition.
Further, described both sides, Gansu Province of rising are provided with drain ditch, and the width in drain ditch is 300-400mm; The bottom surface in drain ditch is lower than the box top 20-30cm playing Gansu Province.
The cultivation method of concrete green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows of employing said method is:
1, field planting field prepares
1) field is selected
Field planting field is very important to growing of green asparagus, must select that soil property is fertile, soil layer is deep, fertilizer conservation moisture capacity is strong, permeability good, subterranean water level is low, be convenient to the soil of irrigation and drainage, soil property with sandy loam and light loam the most suitable.Sandy loam and light loam not easily harden, and be beneficial to ridging and gather, the tender stem of gathering is pure white, and not flexible, and heavy soil permeability is poor, is unfavorable for the growth of asparagus root system, and easily hardens, and inconvenience of earthing up and gather, tender stem is flexible, and lopsided bamboo shoot are many.The plot of plantation green asparagus, subterranean water level must be low, and not contiguous paddy field, require that water conservancy projects is comprehensive, accomplish that drought can be watered, flood can be arranged.Soil pH value is advisable with 5.5 ~ 8, and soil salt content below 0.2%, should be beneficial to the vigorous growth of green asparagus.Green asparagus can be gathered 10 ~ 15 years usually continuously once field planting.
2) generally deep plough
Generally being deep ploughed one time in the field planting field chosen, is most scientific way.By the consumption of 300kg/hm2, composite fertilizer is spread on earth's surface, then draws 1 trench plow to plough deeply 0.35m with caterpillar tractor, the immature soil, mellow soil, fertilizer, chemical fertilizer are fully mixed.Because the root growth of green asparagus 85% is below ground level in 15 ~ 45cm soil layer, and tilling depth is 20 ~ 25cm under normal circumstances, then the root system of green asparagus 60% ~ 70% will grow in the raw soil layer of below 20cm (knotts clay), but due to green asparagus root system with obliquely about 5 ~ 10 ° angle is external reaches 1 ~ 1.5m, so only dig the wide field planting ditch of 50cm, the requirement of green asparagus root growth can not be met far away, also do not reach the object of later stage stable high yield.Therefore, be invention is through ploughing deeply method, and trench plow is ploughed deeply 0.35m kind and planted green asparagus, and root growth is fast, in addition loosing soil and nutritious, and can make terrestrial stem riotous growth, plateau also expands rapidly simultaneously.Can realize rapid high yield in a year, output reaches as high as 1.5 ten thousand more than kg/hm2.
3) field planting is dug
After field planting field is generally ploughed deeply, dig and enclose ditch (must accomplish rain after not ponding), ditch depth 50cm, wide 40 ~ 45cm.According to landform, the case face that straight line is made into wide 1.5m is pulled with north and south row or the capable line-spacing by 1.8m of thing, in the composite fertilizer of case face bottom application 450 kg/hm2 as base manure, then base manure is covered with the soil of both sides, case face, thus accomplish the principle that middle high both sides are low), the drain ditch of wide 0.3m, dark 0.4 ~ 0.45m is then dug along both sides, case face.
4) covering with plastic film
Enclose after ditch, Planting box face, drain ditch and case face base manure executes, the wide unregistered land film of 1.2m should be covered on case face, thus better keep moisture and the nutrient of soil, be more conducive to green asparagus weeding.Cover unregistered land film and just field planting can transplant green asparagus seedling after 2 ~ 3 days.
2, field planting
1) plantation density and method
Plantation density and unit are are planted the strain number of green asparagus.Whether reasonable density is, is related to Yield and quality and the length of adopting the bamboo shoot time limit, so reasonably density should be maximally utilise soil fertility and illumination, improves the seed output and quality of tender stem, and can keep giving stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging for years.According to test and production practices for many years, the restriction of Green Asparagus Cultivaton owing to not earthed up, line-spacing can narrow down to certain proportion, spacing in the rows remains on 0.25 ~ 0.3m, just can make full use of soil fertility and illumination, in conjunction with above condition, adopt the technology of the parallel cultivation of single ridge duplicate rows, on Gansu Province case in same Gansu Province, green asparagus seedling is arranged in parallel plantation two, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, and two row's green asparagus seedlings are in oblique insertion soil, the tilted 6-9 degree of green asparagus seedling Relative vertical alignment, the main root of green asparagus seedling is made to be obliquely progressively to grow from inside to outside like this, avoid root system interference each other.More than 5000 strains can be reached according to the culturing and planting density of this cultivation method every mu, both effectively can save and utilized land resources and increase the yield per unit area, also be convenient to carry out do mechanization operation, reduce cost of labor.
2) field planting method
Fetch earth with the distance plant division of same distance between rows and hills 0.25 ~ 0.3m with the centre, Planting box face that the instrument of fetching earth is covering mulch film, the degree of depth that fetches earth at 12 ~ 15cm, and should ensure that the field planting hole after fetching earth is the oblique hole of outside oblique 4-9 degree.Note having got in native field planting hole and can not having had ponding, because ponding is more than 48h, the breathing of root system and physiological activity start to be affected, and more than 72h, some capillary roots of green asparagus seedling start death.After field planting hole is put in order, the green asparagus seedling in nutritive cube and Nutrition Soil are taken out in the lump, puts into field planting hole, cover surface after the soil loosening then taken out in Planting box face, green asparagus seedling wherein will be kept to be advisable in the middle in field planting hole.If soil is drier, after field planting, should suitably water a water, but can not be too much.
3, manage after field planting
Green asparagus after field planting must note water drainage, prevents green asparagus ground ponding after rain, causes damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, cause root system to rot.Before rainy season set, 15cm is trained on field planting bamboo shoot ridge then high, and be made into the arch that green bamboo shoot ridge is high, aisle is low, so that draining in time, and drainage trenching is wanted at the edge of a field.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., be all included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the cultivation method of green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows, it is characterized in that: after field planting field is ploughed deeply, before playing Gansu Province, first playing layer overlay fertilizer at the bottom of the case of Gansu Province, adopt the mellow soil being mixed with peat to carry out Gansu Province again, in the excavation drain ditch, both sides in Gansu Province behind Gansu Province, then green asparagus seedling is arranged in parallel plantation two on the case face of Gansu Province case, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, realizes the cultivation of green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows.
2. the cultivation method of green asparagus list Gansu Province as claimed in claim 1 duplicate rows, it is characterized in that: two described row's green asparagus seedlings are that plantation is on Gansu Province case in same Gansu Province, two row's green asparagus seedling parallel plantations on case face, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, and two row's green asparagus seedlings are in oblique insertion soil, the tilted 6-9 degree of green asparagus seedling Relative vertical alignment, make the main root of green asparagus seedling be obliquely progressively to grow from inside to outside like this, avoid root system interference each other.
3. the cultivation method of green asparagus list Gansu Province as claimed in claim 2 duplicate rows, it is characterized in that: described is after field planting field is ploughed deeply playing layer overlay fertilizer at the bottom of the case of Gansu Province, smooth process is carried out in the bottom surface, field planting field of opening, in again at the bottom of the smooth case of process, the fertilizer of the thick 40-60cm of layer overlay, can ensure the long-term nutrition supply of duplicate rows green asparagus like this.
4. the cultivation method of green asparagus list Gansu Province as claimed in claim 3 duplicate rows, it is characterized in that: it is after field planting field is ploughed deeply that the mellow soil that described employing is mixed with peat has carried out Gansu Province, after completing fertilizer layer, the mellow soil after ploughing deeply is mixed with peat, the composite soil that recycling is mixed with peat has carried out Gansu Province, the height playing Gansu Province is 1.2-1.5m, and the width in Gansu Province is 1.5-1.6m.
5. the cultivation method of green asparagus list Gansu Province as claimed in claim 4 duplicate rows, is characterized in that: the proportioning that described mellow soil and peat carry out mixing is 100 parts, mellow soil: peat 15-30 part; The gas porosity of soil can be kept like this, be conducive to the permeation functions of capillary root, prevent rotting of rhizome, and root system can be strengthened fully absorb nutrition.
6. the cultivation method of green asparagus list Gansu Province as claimed in claim 5 duplicate rows, is characterized in that: described both sides, Gansu Province of rising are provided with drain ditch, and the width in drain ditch is 300-400mm; The bottom surface in drain ditch is lower than the box top 20-30cm playing Gansu Province.
7. the cultivation method of green asparagus list Gansu Province as claimed in claim 1 duplicate rows, is characterized in that: the cultivation method of concrete green asparagus list Gansu Province duplicate rows is:
1, field planting field prepares
1) field is selected
According to green asparagus grow need select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, fertilizer conservation moisture capacity is strong, permeability good, subterranean water level is low, be convenient to the soil of irrigation and drainage, soil property with sandy loam and light loam the most suitable;
2) generally deep plough
By the consumption of 300kg/hm2, composite fertilizer is spread on earth's surface, then draws 1 trench plow to plough deeply 0.35m with caterpillar tractor, the immature soil, mellow soil, fertilizer, chemical fertilizer are fully mixed;
3) field planting is dug
After field planting field is generally ploughed deeply, dig and enclose ditch, and pull with north and south row or the capable line-spacing by 1.8m of thing the case face that straight line is made into wide 1.5m, in the composite fertilizer of case face bottom application 450 kg/hm2 as base manure, then base manure is covered with the soil of both sides, case face, thus accomplish the principle that middle high both sides are low, the drain ditch of wide 0.3m, dark 0.4 ~ 0.45m is then dug along both sides, case face;
4) covering with plastic film
Enclose after ditch, Planting box face, drain ditch and case face base manure executes, the wide unregistered land film of 1.2m should be covered on case face, thus better keep moisture and the nutrient of soil, be more conducive to green asparagus weeding.
8. cover unregistered land film and just field planting can transplant green asparagus seedling after 2 ~ 3 days;
2, field planting
1) plantation density and method
Adopt the technology of the parallel cultivation of single ridge duplicate rows, on Gansu Province case in same Gansu Province, green asparagus seedling is arranged in parallel plantation two, and the spacing between maintenance two row green asparagus seedlings is at more than 60cm, and two row's green asparagus seedlings are in oblique insertion soil, the tilted 6-9 degree of green asparagus seedling Relative vertical alignment, make the main root of green asparagus seedling be obliquely progressively to grow from inside to outside like this, avoid root system interference each other;
2) field planting method
Fetch earth with the distance plant division of same distance between rows and hills 0.25 ~ 0.3m with the centre, Planting box face that the instrument of fetching earth is covering mulch film, the degree of depth that fetches earth at 12 ~ 15cm, and should ensure that the field planting hole after fetching earth is the oblique hole of outside oblique 4-9 degree.
9. after field planting hole is put in order, the green asparagus seedling in nutritive cube and Nutrition Soil are taken out in the lump, puts into field planting hole, cover surface after the soil loosening then taken out in Planting box face, green asparagus seedling wherein will be kept to be advisable in the middle in field planting hole.
If 10. soil is drier, after field planting, should suitably water a water, but can not be too much;
3, manage after field planting
Green asparagus after field planting must note water drainage, prevents green asparagus ground ponding after rain, causes damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, cause root system to rot.
11. before rainy season set, 15cm is trained on field planting bamboo shoot ridge then high, and is made into the arch that green bamboo shoot ridge is high, aisle is low, so that draining in time, and drainage trenching is wanted at the edge of a field.
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