CN1043157C - 滑动表面轴承材料及含有该材料的滑动表面轴承 - Google Patents

滑动表面轴承材料及含有该材料的滑动表面轴承 Download PDF

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CN1043157C
CN1043157C CN95117335A CN95117335A CN1043157C CN 1043157 C CN1043157 C CN 1043157C CN 95117335 A CN95117335 A CN 95117335A CN 95117335 A CN95117335 A CN 95117335A CN 1043157 C CN1043157 C CN 1043157C
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bearing
sliding surface
aluminum
layer
steel
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CN1127796A (zh
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克劳斯·戴克
哈拉尔德·普费施多夫
维尔讷·舒伯特
托马斯·斯特芬斯
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Kolbenschmidt AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2275—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer the other layer being aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/121—Use of special materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S384/00—Bearings
    • Y10S384/90—Cooling or heating
    • Y10S384/912—Metallic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757—Fe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/12764—Next to Al-base component

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种包含钢质底层和铝基轴承材料的包覆层的滑动表面轴承材料。为增加疲劳极限，已将该滑动表面材料在200-220℃下热处理2-12小时，该轴承材料的组成为14-18%重量的锡，1.7-2.3%重量的铜及其余为铝。

Description

滑动表面轴承材料及含有该材料的滑动表面轴承
本发明涉及一种滑动表面轴承材料，该材料包括一钢质底层和一铝基轴承材料的包覆层。
运转零部件的轴承所要满足的复杂要求，尤其是在内燃机中，如曲轴和连杆，使其必需使用多层的滑动表面轴承材料。该材料由一钢质底层和一轴承材料的包覆层构成。在所说的组成部分中还可选择性地加入另外一层。钢和铝基轴承材料的联合使用，证明对在相对高的负荷下的使用是特别令人满意的。在所有运行条件下都具有足够的运行可靠性，而且以较低的成本生产。在高滑动速率时，如在现代化内燃机的曲轴和连杆轴承中，大多数情况都还需要一个由PbSn10Cu组成的电镀滑动表层。ISO4383标准描述了一种用于制造滑动表面轴承的滚动衬套的铝基轴承材料，该材料含有简称为AlSn20Cu的材料，其组分为
17.5-22.5％重量的锡，
0.5-1.3％重量的铜，
其余为铝。在上述材料中，锡被包含在铝铜基体之中。该合金含有至多0.7％的硅、0.1％的镁、0.1％的镍、0.2％的钛，0.7％的铁、0.7％的锰及总量为0.5％的其他元素。所述铝基轴承材料在同时含有钢质底层的复合材料中是相当重要的，因为该轴承材料在大多数情况下勿需滑动表面即可用于内燃机的轴承。但其优点也伴随着以该滑动表面轴承材料制成的轴承件之容许负荷的下降。其疲劳极限在35-45N/mm2，要低于同样常用于内燃机轴承的、含有钢和加铅青铜的轴承材料的疲劳极限。以钢/AlSn20Cu轴承材料制成的轴承件和磨擦垫具有良好的滑动性能和相对低的磨耗，并且非常适用于上至40N/mm2的中等负荷。所述轴承件和摩擦垫同时对边缘装载件具有高的抗力，
而且对磨损擦痕具有良好的自愈性能。
本发明的目的在于提供用于滑动表面轴承的材料，该材料含有一钢层和由铝铜基体制成的包覆轴承材料，所述的铝铜基体含有细小弥散的锡，所述滑动表面轴承材料没有电镀滑动表层(覆盖层)，其疲劳极限至少为55N/mm2，再者从机械技术方面看，还具有由钢和AlSn20Cu组成的滑动表面轴承材料的良好性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种含有钢质底层和铝基轴承材料包覆层，以及细小弥散的锡的滑动表面轴承材料，其特征在于，该滑动表面轴承材料已在200-220℃下热处理了2-12小时，且该轴承材料的组成为：14-18％重量的锡，1.7-2.3％重量的铜，及其余为铝。该轴承材料也可含有0.05-0.2％重量的钛。而且在该轴承材料的钢层和轴承材料层之间夹有一层厚度为0.01-0.05mm的纯铝层。
本发明还提供一种含有上述滑动表面轴承材料的滑动表面轴承。
为制造根据本发明的滑动表面轴承材料，要将冷轧钢和冷轧铝基轴承带材在包层碾轧机中连续地除油，碾磨或刷光，并结合在一起。在碾轧机中的包层期间，钢和铝基轴承材料在压力下变形至不同程度。由此引起的相对运动使上述两种材料的组成通过摩擦焊而结合在一起。钢和铝基轴承材料的变形至少在45％。当钢和铝基轴承带材冷却并卷取后，将该带材在200-220℃下进行热处理2-12小时，由此钢和铝基轴承材料之间的结合通过扩散作过程被加强，在铝铜基体中的条状的锡也由此而在基体中呈非常细小的弥散状态。
附图1为根据本发明的滑动表面轴承材料的结合微观图。钢质底层1上还附有厚度为0.03mm的纯铝层2，在铝层上包覆铝基轴承材料层3，该轴承材料层由15％重量的锡、1.9％重量的铜、0.1重量的钛，其余为铝组成。

Claims (4)

1、一种含有钢质底层和铝基轴承材料包覆层，以及细小弥散的锡的滑动表面轴承材料，其特征在于，该滑动表面轴承材料已在200-220℃下热处理了2-12小时，且该轴承材料信有：14-18％重量的锡，1.7-2.3％重量的铜，及其余为铝。
2、根据权利要求1的滑动表面轴承材料，其特征在于，该轴承材料也可含有0.05-0.2％重量的钛。
3、根据权利要求1或2的滑动表面轴承材料，其特征在于，在钢层和轴承材料层之间夹有一层厚度为0.01-0.05mm的纯铝层。
4、一种含有权利要求1-3的任一项所述的滑动表面轴承材料的滑动表面轴承。
CN95117335A 1994-09-29 1995-09-28 滑动表面轴承材料及含有该材料的滑动表面轴承 Expired - Fee Related CN1043157C (zh)

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DEP4434801.0 1994-09-29
DE4434801A DE4434801A1 (de) 1994-09-29 1994-09-29 Gleitlager-Werkstoff

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CN (1) CN1043157C (zh)
AT (1) ATE174635T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9504204A (zh)
DE (2) DE4434801A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2124941T3 (zh)

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DE19750740A1 (de) * 1997-11-15 1999-06-02 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Gleitlagerwerkstoff
FR2775034B1 (fr) * 1998-02-17 2000-04-07 Renault Materiau multicouches, coussinet de moteur forme d'un tel materiau et procede de fabrication
DE19942234C1 (de) * 1999-09-03 2001-03-01 Krupp Vdm Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mehrphasen-Verbundwerkstoffen sowie Verwendung des Verbundwerkstoffes
DE10056579C1 (de) * 2000-11-15 2002-05-08 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Kurbelwellenlagerschale
DE10355547A1 (de) * 2003-11-21 2005-06-23 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff mit aufgesputterter Gleitschicht
DE102007042145B4 (de) 2007-09-05 2009-08-27 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Belastungs- und kostenoptimierte Bolo-Buchse
CN110331307B (zh) * 2019-08-14 2021-06-29 黑龙江科技大学 一种石墨烯碳纳米管混杂增强铝轴承材料及其制备方法
DE102020202738A1 (de) * 2020-03-04 2021-09-09 Mahle International Gmbh Gleitlager, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gleitlagers, Brennkraftmaschine mit Gleitlager sowie elektrische Maschine mit Gleitlager

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EP0205893A1 (en) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-30 Ae Plc Bearing materials

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DE1427370A1 (de) * 1961-02-13 1968-10-24 Glacier Co Ltd Verfahren zum Herstellen zusammengesetzten Materials fuer Gleitlager und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Gleitlager
DE1521196A1 (de) * 1965-04-30 1969-08-07 Clevite Corp Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bimetallstreifen und Bimetall-Lagern B
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EP0205893A1 (en) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-30 Ae Plc Bearing materials

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Publication number Publication date
BR9504204A (pt) 1996-08-13
US5908709A (en) 1999-06-01
EP0704545A1 (de) 1996-04-03
JPH08225873A (ja) 1996-09-03
ES2124941T3 (es) 1999-02-16
DE4434801A1 (de) 1996-04-04
EP0704545B1 (de) 1998-12-16
CN1127796A (zh) 1996-07-31
KR960010889A (ko) 1996-04-20
KR100235835B1 (ko) 1999-12-15
ATE174635T1 (de) 1999-01-15
DE59504546D1 (de) 1999-01-28
JP4023843B2 (ja) 2007-12-19

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