CN104306645A - 具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，其畜禽用注射液的组分及其重量份数比分别为：烟酸诺氟沙星2-6份；升麻1-5份；芦荟2-6份；生地黄1-5份；黄芩3-7份；黄连1-5份；板蓝根4-8份；苦参4-8份；金银花4-8份；鱼腥草1-5份；艾叶1-5份；苍术1-5份。本发明通过抑制细菌DNA旋转酶，阻断DNA的复制，在高于最低抑菌浓度数倍环境中细菌产生溶菌。本品对革兰氏阳性菌及阴性菌均有抗菌作用，尤其对革兰氏阴性杆菌的抗菌作用强大。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于兽药领域，尤其是一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，畜禽由于细菌、支原体感染引起的疾病在国内大多数养殖场中广泛流行，发病率和死亡率居高不下，很多地方已呈爆发性流行的趋势，严重威胁着畜禽业，造成了巨大的经济损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，该注射液科学配伍、工艺简单，见效快，疗效好，无毒副作用，使用安全方便。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液的制备方法。
本发明主要通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，其畜禽用注射液的组分及其重量份数比分别为：
而且，畜禽用注射液的组分及其最优重量份数比分别为：
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液的制备方法，其制备方法的步骤如下：
(1)按配比重量称取升麻、芦荟、生地黄、黄芩、黄连、板蓝根、苦参、金银花、鱼腥草、艾叶、苍术，经洗净润药烘干后投入中药提取罐内，加10倍投料量的纯化水，在室温下浸泡2小时后，加热至水沸腾煎煮2小时，将提取液过滤后吸入提取液储罐内；
(2)中药提取罐内再加入7倍投料量的纯化水，加热至沸腾煎煮1小时将提取液过滤后吸入提取液储罐，和第一次提取液合并；
(3)提取液从提取液储罐中进入Ⅰ、Ⅱ效蒸发器至中视镜2/3止，加热以蒸汽压力0.09Mpa为宜，并及时补料至正常液位。双效蒸发器15分钟排放冷凝水一次，每两小时排放加热器的冷凝汽一次；
(4)提取液浓缩至Ⅰ、Ⅱ效蒸发器下视镜的1/2时，将Ⅱ效中提取液转入I效中浓缩，I效蒸发器内提取液浓缩至下视镜的1/2时，将提取液吸入醇沉罐内，室内自然冷却，备用；
(5)打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其提取液含醇量为55％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储；打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其第一次吸去上清液后剩余的沉淀物含醇量为75％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储罐和第一次上清液合并；打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其第二次吸去上清液后剩余的沉淀物含醇量为83％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储罐和第一、二次上清液合并，弃去醇沉罐内剩余的沉淀物；
(6)将上清液储罐中的提取液过滤后吸入球形浓缩罐，开蒸汽加热，蒸汽压力应控制在＜0.1Mpa，并打开冷凝水回收冷凝液，冷凝液测量含醇量为＜10％时，停止收集，提取液继续浓缩，冷凝液含醇量接近0时停止操作；
(7)加注射水，注射水与原生药的重量比是1:1，室内自然冷却，冷却至室温，在4-8℃条件下冷藏48小时，备用；
(8)提取液加入1号配液罐内，加入0.3％活性炭，打开搅拌，开蒸汽加热药液至80℃，保持80℃温度30分钟，吸附脱色后，用0.22um聚醚砜滤芯过滤，药液直接通过管道进入2号配液罐，室内自然冷却至65℃；
(9)在称量区称取烟酸诺氟沙星，打开2号配液罐搅拌机，向2号配液罐内缓慢加入烟酸诺氟沙星，再加入65℃的注射水，加至200L，调节药液PH值：5.0-7.0，搅拌20分钟以上，用0.22um聚醚砜滤芯过滤，药液通过管道直接进入灌装机；
(10)打开灌装机进行灌装，灌装到安瓿瓶内，用纯化水清洗安瓿瓶，将安瓿瓶放置于灭菌柜内100℃流通蒸汽灭菌30分钟，室内自然冷却至室温，用纯化水清洗安瓿瓶后，印字包装，即可得到具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液。
本发明的优点及有益效果是：
1、本发明中西药结合治愈畜禽由细菌、支原体感染引起的疾病疗效明显，中草药中的清热燥湿解解毒药物不但能有效抑杀细菌，而且能消除细菌的耐药致粒，如鱼腥草、艾叶、黄连、黄芩、苍术等，该注射液采用中西药复方制剂，治疗畜禽细菌及支原体感染引起的仔猪黄、白痢、水肿病、畜禽大肠杆菌病、痢疾、伤寒、副伤寒、霍乱、急慢性呼吸道病、传染性鼻炎等疾病有奇效。见效快，疗效好，无毒副作用，使用安全方便。注射后的第二天即可见效，本发明通过抑制细菌DNA旋转酶，阻断DNA的复制，在高于最低抑菌浓度数倍环境中细菌产生溶菌。本品对革兰氏阳性菌及阴性菌均有抗菌作用，尤其对革兰氏阴性杆菌的抗菌作用强大。
2、本发明原料药商购容易，价格低廉。
3、本发明的整个制备过程中，所产生的废弃物不会污染环境，易于处理。
4、本发明采用中西药溶为一体的复方制剂，中草药中的清热燥湿解毒类药物不但能有效抑杀细菌及支原体，而且能消除耐药致粒，中西结合，增强了治疗的效果。
5、本发明采用中药提取的生产工艺进行生产，最大限度的提取出了中药的有效成分，并很好的去除了中药提取液中的有害物质和杂质。
具体实施方式
本发明通过以下实施例进一步详述。需要说明的是：下述实施例是说明性的，不是限定性的，不能以下述实施例来限定本发明的保护范围。
实施例1.
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，该注射液组分的重量分别为：诺氟沙星4kg、升麻3kg、芦荟4kg、生地黄3kg、黄芩5kg、黄连3kg、板蓝根6kg、苦参6kg、金银花6kg、鱼腥草3kg、艾叶3kg、苍术3kg。
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液的制备方法，该注射液制备步骤如下：
(1)商购筛选净药材，在称重区按配比重量称取升麻、芦荟、生地黄、黄芩、黄连、板蓝根、苦参、金银花、鱼腥草、艾叶、苍术，经洗净润药烘干后投入中药提取罐内，加10倍投料量的纯化水，在室温下浸泡2小时后，加热至水沸腾煎煮2小时，将提取液过滤后吸入提取液储罐内；
(2)中药提取罐内再加入7倍投料量的纯化水，加热至沸腾煎煮1小时将提取液过滤后吸入提取液储罐，和第一次提取液合并；
(3)提取液从提取液储罐中进入Ⅰ、Ⅱ效蒸发器至中视镜2/3止，加热以蒸汽压力0.09Mpa为宜，并及时补料至正常液位。双效蒸发器15分钟排放冷凝水一次，每两小时排放加热器的冷凝汽一次；
(4)提取液浓缩至Ⅰ、Ⅱ效蒸发器下视镜的1/2时，将Ⅱ效中提取液转入I效中浓缩，I效蒸发器内提取液浓缩至下视镜的1/2时，将提取液吸入醇沉罐内，室内自然冷却，备用；
(5)打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其提取液含醇量为55％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储；打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其第一次吸去上清液后剩余的沉淀物含醇量为75％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储罐。和第一次上清液合并；打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其第二次吸去上清液后剩余的沉淀物含醇量为83％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储罐。和第一、二次上清液合并，弃去醇沉罐内剩余的沉淀物；
(6)将上清液储罐中的提取液过滤后吸入球形浓缩罐，开蒸汽加热，蒸汽压力应控制在＜0.1Mpa，并打开冷凝水回收冷凝液(无水乙醇)，冷凝液测量含醇量为＜10％时，停止收集，提取液继续浓缩，冷凝液含醇量接近0时停止操作；
(7)加注射水，注射水与原生药的重量比是1:1，室内自然冷却，冷却至室温，在4-8℃条件下冷藏48小时，备用；
(8)提取液加入1号配液罐内，加入0.3％活性炭，打开搅拌，开蒸汽加热药液至80℃，保持80℃温度30分钟，吸附脱色后，用0.22um聚醚砜滤芯过滤，药液直接通过管道进入2号配液罐，室内自然冷却至65℃；
(9)在称量区称取烟酸诺氟沙星，打开2号配液罐搅拌机，向2号配液罐内缓慢加入烟酸诺氟沙星，再加入65℃的注射水，加至200L，调节药液PH值：5.0-7.0，搅拌20分钟以上，用0.22um聚醚砜滤芯过滤，药液通过管道直接进入灌装机；
(10)打开灌装机进行灌装，灌装到安瓿瓶内，用纯化水清洗安瓿瓶，将安瓿瓶放置于灭菌柜内100℃流通蒸汽灭菌30分钟，室内自然冷却至室温，用纯化水清洗安瓿瓶后，印字包装，即可得到具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液。
实施例2.
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，该注射液组分的重量分别为：诺氟沙星2kg、升麻1kg、芦荟2kg、生地黄1kg、黄芩3kg、黄连1kg、板蓝根4kg、苦参4kg、金银花4kg、鱼腥草1kg、艾叶1kg、苍术1kg。
其制备工艺的步骤同实施例1。
实施例3.
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，该注射液组分的重量分别为：诺氟沙星3kg、升麻2kg、芦荟3kg、生地黄2kg、黄芩4kg、黄连2kg、板蓝根5kg、苦参5kg、金银花5kg、鱼腥草2kg、艾叶2kg、苍术2kg。
其制备工艺的步骤同实施例1。
实施例4.
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，该注射液组分的重量分别为：诺氟沙星5kg、升麻4kg、芦荟5kg、生地黄4kg、黄芩6kg、黄连4kg、板蓝根7kg、苦参7kg、金银花7kg、鱼腥草4kg、艾叶4kg、苍术4kg。
其制备工艺的步骤同实施例1。
实施例5.
一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，该注射液组分的重量分别为：诺氟沙星6kg、升麻5kg、芦荟6kg、生地黄5kg、黄芩7kg、黄连5kg、板蓝根8kg、苦参8kg、金银花8kg、鱼腥草5kg、艾叶5kg、苍术5kg。
其制备工艺的步骤同实施例1。
临床试验
注射液的用法用量和注意事项：
用法用量：肌肉注射一次量每1kg体重，牛0.1ml，羊、猪等中家畜每1kg体重0.2ml，鸡、鸭、鹅等家禽每1kg体重0.05-0.1ml，一日一次，连用3-5日
注意事项：肌肉注射有局部刺激性。
2013年9月开始临床试验：
1.注射液在家畜中的临床试验，挑选有白色水样粪便、恶臭，被毛粗乱，共济失调四肢滑动呈游泳状，呼吸困难，咳嗽等症状的猪2000头，试验时间：8天，试验规定：2000头猪饲养在不接触任何药物的环境中，饲喂不含任何药物和添加剂的饲料，饲喂3天。第4天开始分成4组，每组500头(组与组之间拉开距离，互不传播疾病)，饲养环境和饲喂条件和前3天一样。家畜临床试验第4天开始编组用药，1.对照组不用任何药物2.试验组1和试验组2使用本发明注射液治疗3.常规治疗组按照常规的治疗方法进行治疗。
试验结果如下：
家畜试验表明：试验组用药首日治疗效果明显，用药3天即可达到治愈效果，用药5天后治愈率达99.50％，常规治疗组用药首日治疗效果不太明显，用药5天后治愈率只达到89.20％。通过试验说明本发明注射液治疗家畜细菌及支原体感染引起的疾病有奇效。见效快，疗效好，注射后的第二天即可见效。
2.注射液在家禽中的临床试验，挑选有精神萎靡不振、采食减少或不食、离群呆立或蹲伏不动、冠髯呈青紫色、眼虹膜呈灰白色、视力减退或失明、羽毛松乱、肛门周围羽毛粘有粪便、绿色或黄白色稀粪、蹲伏、不能站、不愿动或跛行、关节肿大等症状的鸡8000只，试验时间：8天，试验规定：8000只鸡饲养在不接触任何药物的环境中，饲喂不含任何药物和添加剂的饲料，饲喂3天。第4天开始分成4组，每组2000只(组与组之间拉开距离，互不传播疾病)，饲养环境和饲喂条件和前3天一样。家禽临床试验第4天开始编组用药，1.对照组不用任何药物2.试验组1和试验组2使用本发明注射液治疗3.常规治疗组按照常规的治疗方法进行治疗。
试验结果如下：
家禽试验表明：试验组用药首日治疗效果明显，用药3天即可达到治愈效果，用药5天后治愈率达99.90％，常规治疗组用药首日治疗效果不太明显，用药5天后治愈率只达到88.45％。通过试验说明本发明注射液治疗家禽细菌及支原体感染引起的疾病有奇效。见效快，疗效好，注射后的第二天即可见效。
综上所述，本发明注射液对于由畜禽细菌及支原体感染引起的仔猪黄、白痢、水肿病、畜禽大肠杆菌病、痢疾、伤寒、副伤寒、霍乱、急慢性呼吸道病、传染性鼻炎等疾病有奇效。见效快，疗效好，注射后的第二天即可见效。
Claims (3)
1.一种具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，其特征在于：该畜禽用注射液的组分及其重量份数比分别为：
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液，其特征在于：该畜禽用注射液的组分及其最优重量份数比分别为：
3.一种如权利要求1所述的具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液的制备方法，其特征在于：该制备方法的步骤如下：
(1)按配比重量称取升麻、芦荟、生地黄、黄芩、黄连、板蓝根、苦参、金银花、鱼腥草、艾叶、苍术，经洗净润药烘干后投入中药提取罐内，加10倍投料量的纯化水，在室温下浸泡2小时后，加热至水沸腾煎煮2小时，将提取液过滤后吸入提取液储罐内；
(2)中药提取罐内再加入7倍投料量的纯化水，加热至沸腾煎煮1小时将提取液过滤后吸入提取液储罐，和第一次提取液合并；
(3)提取液从提取液储罐中进入Ⅰ、Ⅱ效蒸发器至中视镜2/3止，加热以蒸汽压力0.09Mpa为宜，并及时补料至正常液位,双效蒸发器15分钟排放冷凝水一次，每两小时排放加热器的冷凝汽一次；
(4)提取液浓缩至Ⅰ、Ⅱ效蒸发器下视镜的1/2时，将Ⅱ效中提取液转入I效中浓缩，I效蒸发器内提取液浓缩至下视镜的1/2时，将提取液吸入醇沉罐内，室内自然冷却，备用；
(5)打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其提取液含醇量为55％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储；打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其第一次吸去上清液后剩余的沉淀物含醇量为75％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储罐和第一次上清液合并；打开真空醇沉罐吸入含醇量为95％以上的无水乙醇，充分搅拌使其第二次吸去上清液后剩余的沉淀物含醇量为83％，静置24小时，将醇沉罐中上清液过滤后吸入上清液储罐和第一、二次上清液合并，弃去醇沉罐内剩余的沉淀物；
(6)将上清液储罐中的提取液过滤后吸入球形浓缩罐，开蒸汽加热，蒸汽压力应控制在＜0.1Mpa，并打开冷凝水回收冷凝液，冷凝液测量含醇量为＜10％时，停止收集，提取液继续浓缩，冷凝液含醇量接近0时停止操作；
(7)加注射水，注射水与原生药的重量比是1:1，室内自然冷却，冷却至室温，在4-8℃条件下冷藏48小时，备用；
(8)提取液加入1号配液罐内，加入0.3％活性炭，打开搅拌，开蒸汽加热药液至80℃，保持80℃温度30分钟，吸附脱色后，用0.22um聚醚砜滤芯过滤，药液直接通过管道进入2号配液罐，室内自然冷却至65℃；
(9)在称量区称取烟酸诺氟沙星，打开2号配液罐搅拌机，向2号配液罐内缓慢加入烟酸诺氟沙星，再加入65℃的注射水，加至200L，调节药液PH值：5.0-7.0，搅拌20分钟以上，用0.22um聚醚砜滤芯过滤，药液通过管道直接进入灌装机；
(10)打开灌装机进行灌装，灌装到安瓿瓶内，用纯化水清洗安瓿瓶，将安瓿瓶放置于灭菌柜内100℃流通蒸汽灭菌30分钟，室内自然冷却至室温，用纯化水清洗安瓿瓶后，印字包装，即可得到具有抗菌消炎功效的畜禽用注射液。
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