CN104304824A - Feed additive capable of preventing spitting and relieving heat stress for snakehead - Google Patents
Feed additive capable of preventing spitting and relieving heat stress for snakehead Download PDFInfo
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- CN104304824A CN104304824A CN201410649483.8A CN201410649483A CN104304824A CN 104304824 A CN104304824 A CN 104304824A CN 201410649483 A CN201410649483 A CN 201410649483A CN 104304824 A CN104304824 A CN 104304824A
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- raw fish
- heat stress
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention provides a feed additive capable of preventing spitting and relieving heat stress for snakehead. The feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials: radix scutellariae, bamboo shavings, reed rhizome, radix aucklandiae, oligosaccharides, dimethyl-beta-dimethylpropiothetin, nucleotide, vitamin C, and middling powder. The feed additive disclosed by the invention can be added to the snakehead basal fed to quicken emptying of chyme in the gastrointestinal tract, prevent spitting for snakehead, promote ingestion of snakehead, meanwhile strengthen intestinal health, improve digestive enzyme activity, and increase the feed efficiency and the production effectiveness.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of feeding additive aquatic animal, be specifically related to a kind ofly prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, alleviate the feed addictive of heat stress.
[background technology]
Raw fish, formal name used at school hybridized snakehead fish, belongs to the distant hybrid progeny of snakehead and snakehead, is one of important economic fish breed variety of China, because of delicious meat, nutritious, is widely loved by the people, at present only the cultured area in Guangdong Province just more than 5000hm
2.Raw fish suitable growth temperature is 25 ~ 28 DEG C, fish fast growing period of making a living in 6-9 month, but 6-9 month is in summer, and especially in In Guangdong Province, high-temperature duration is long, and water temperature often exceeds 30 DEG C, easily causes raw fish physiological responses to heat stress.When animal is subject to heat stress, the most obvious feature is that feed intake declines.This is due to during by heat stress, animal sympathetic activation, reduced gastrointestinal mobility, digestive juice secretion reduces, enzymatic activity reduces, indigestion, cause chyme to extend dead time in the gastrointestinal tract, chyme fills intestines and stomach on the one hand, feeding center is suppressed, cause animal feed intake to decline, on the other hand chyme fermentation gas in the gastrointestinal tract, cause animal that inverse phenomenon of vomitting occurs.In 6-9 month, common expanded pellet diet swims on the water surface of pond, raw fish food refusal, and inverse phenomenon of vomitting even also occurs, and caused raw fish poor growth for a long time, body is become thin, immunity degradation in the past, and the death rate increases, and brings huge economic loss to raiser.Therefore alleviating raw fish physiological responses to heat stress is the important measures ensureing the healthy growth fast of raw fish in summer, reduce feed waste, environmental pollution.Current anti-heat stress agent is aimed at livestock and poultry mostly, and the anti-heat stress agent for the especially raw fish of aquatic livestock has no report.
[summary of the invention]
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, alleviate the feed addictive of physiological responses to heat stress.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Prevent and treat raw fish to tell material, alleviate a feed addictive for heat stress, comprise the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin C, secondary powder.
Preferably, calculate by percentage to the quality, comprise the root of large-flowered skullcap 22% ~ 25%, caulis bambusae in taenian 8% ~ 10%, reed rhizome 8%-10%, the banksia rose 10 ~ 12%, oligosaccharides 16% ~ 18%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 6 ~ 8%, nucleotides 3 ~ 5%, vitamin C 2 ~ 3%, secondary powder 13 ~ 20%.
In above-mentioned feed addictive, described oligosaccharides is preferably manna oligosacchride.
A kind ofly prepare the raw fish of above-mentioned control and tell material, alleviate the method for feed addictive of heat stress: the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, secondary powder are crossed 120 mesh sieves after ultramicro grinding in pulverizer, fully mix in proportion with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin C.
The raw fish of above-mentioned control tells material, alleviates the using method of the feed addictive of heat stress: added in raw fish meal by the percentage by weight of 0.5-1% and mix.
This real beneficial effect of the invention is:
(1) the present invention adopts the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose have clearing heat and detoxicating, strengthen gastrointestinal movement, promote the emptying of chyme in intestines and stomach, the inverse effect of vomitting of control;
(2) manna oligosacchride in the present invention's formula, vitamin C can promote intestinal mucosa reparation, safeguard the ability of glandular secretion digestive ferment;
(3) dimethyl-β-DMPT in the present invention's formula, nucleotides can significantly improve the palatability of feed, in formula, each component proportion is balanced, Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine, efficiency of feed utilization can be significantly improved, effectively promote that raw fish ingests, improves the raw fish speed of growth;
(4) addition in the raw fish meal of feed addictive of the present invention is only 0.5-1%, directly adds before feed granulating, easy to use, is convenient to promote;
(5) feed addictive drug residue free of the present invention, green safety, added in feed, significantly can reduce waste and the environmental pollution of feed.
[detailed description of the invention]
Explain the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind ofly prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, alleviate the feed addictive of heat stress, with dry biomass percentage calculation, composed of the following components: the root of large-flowered skullcap 22%, caulis bambusae in taenian 9%, reed rhizome 9%, the banksia rose 10%, oligosaccharides 16%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 6%, nucleotides 5%, vitamin C 3%, secondary powder 20%, the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, secondary powder are crossed 120 mesh sieves after ultramicro grinding in pulverizer, fully mix with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, the ratio according to 1% is added in raw fish meal.
Embodiment 2
A kind ofly prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, alleviate the feed addictive of heat stress, with dry biomass percentages, composed of the following components: the root of large-flowered skullcap 24%, caulis bambusae in taenian 8%, reed rhizome 10%, the banksia rose 11%, oligosaccharides 17%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 7%, nucleotides 3%, vitamin C 2%, secondary powder 18%, the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, secondary powder are crossed 120 mesh sieves after ultramicro grinding in pulverizer, fully mix with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, the ratio according to 0.75% is added in raw fish meal.
Embodiment 3
A kind ofly prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, alleviate the feed addictive of heat stress, with dry biomass percentages, composed of the following components: the root of large-flowered skullcap 25%, caulis bambusae in taenian 9%, reed rhizome 10%, the banksia rose 12%, oligosaccharides 16%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 7%, nucleotides 4.5%, vitamin C 2.5%, secondary powder 14%, the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, secondary powder are crossed 120 mesh sieves after ultramicro grinding in pulverizer, fully mix with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, the ratio according to 0.5% is added in raw fish meal.
Embodiment 4
A kind ofly prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, alleviate the feed addictive of heat stress, with dry biomass percentages, composed of the following components: the root of large-flowered skullcap 23%, caulis bambusae in taenian 10%, reed rhizome 8%, the banksia rose 12%, oligosaccharides 18%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 8%, nucleotides 5%, vitamin C 3%, secondary powder 13%, the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, secondary powder are crossed 120 mesh sieves after ultramicro grinding in pulverizer, fully mix with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, the ratio according to 1% is added in raw fish meal.
Compliance test result test 1:
1 experimental technique
1.1 test feed
With fish meal, chicken meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal for major protein source, with fish oil, phosphatide oil for primary fat source, design basis formula also as a control group, its formula is as follows: fish meal 28%, chicken meal 12%, dregs of beans 16%, flour 19%, peanut meal 7%, corn protein powder 4%, fish oil 4%, phosphatide oil 2%, brewer's yeast 3%, Choline Chloride 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.5%, multidimensional premix 1%, many ore deposits premix 1%, records its each component content as follows: crude protein 38.65%, crude fat 10.33%, moisture 9.21%, ash content 10.03%.Using the feed addictive of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 according to 0.5% ratio add (as experimental group 1 and experimental group 2) in basic components to, be prepared into 3 kinds of expanded pellet diets through Double-screw bulking machine.
1.2 experiment fishes
Test fish, from cultivation base, sea-gull island, Fanyu, with basal feed domestication 2 weeks before experiment starts, selects healthy great-hearted raw fish (initial weight 100 ± 0.5g) 720 tails subsequently, is divided into 3 groups at random, often organize 4 repetitions, each repetition 60 tail.
1.3 aquaculture managements and sample collection
Live box cement pit specification is 3m × 4m × 2m, and the formal test phase is 8 weeks, duration of test water temperature 29-33 DEG C.After on-test, ratio with about 0.5% of fish body weight is thrown something and fed expanded pellet diet, throw something and feed every day 2 times, be respectively the morning 10:00 and afternoon 15:00, after half an hour of throwing something and feeding, gently the unnecessary feed floating on the water surface is pulled out and is dried and weigh, if continuous two days without surplus material, then increase feeding volume with the ratio of 0.25%, the situation of ingesting that every day observes raw fish, record dead quantity and weight.
After off-test, fasting 1 day, adds up fish quantity and weight raw in each cement pit subsequently, each processed group gets the raw fish of 10 tail, dissect in ice pan, take out enteron aisle, with freezing deionization, who rinses intestinal contents, and use filter paper suck dry moisture, weigh respectively again, subtract broken subsequently, add 10 times of deionized waters, centrifugal 10 minutes of 4000r/min at 4 DEG C, collects supernatant lipase to be measured, amylase and protease.Each processed group is chosen 10 tail fishes at random again and is separated front middle hindgut, then before, during and after inciting somebody to action, intestines are individually fixed in 10% formalin solution, for the preparation of histotomy, all section sample HE dye, the pleat height of intestines before, during and after measuring respectively with visual micrometer, gets the pleat height of its mean value as this sample.
1.4 data statistics
Use STATSTICAL 6.0 to carry out the one-factor analysis of variance, detect group difference with Duncan ' s Multiple range test method, P<0.05 is significant difference.Result of the test represents with mean value ± standard error.
2 results and analysis
2.1 raw sashimi (raw fish) length and situations of ingesting
Duration of test, the raw fish of control group ingests poor because of physiological responses to heat stress, and tell material serious, body is partially thin, and the raw fish of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 ingests well, has vigor.The survival rate of each group of raw fish, rate of body weight gain and feed coefficient are as shown in table 1:
Table 1 is the survival rate of the raw fish of group, rate of body weight gain and feed coefficient respectively
| Group | Survival rate (%) | Rate of body weight gain (%) | Feed coefficient (%) |
| Control group | 95.00±1.80 a | 89.89±1.62 a | 1.81±0.11 b |
| Experimental group 1 | 99.58±0.41 b | 112.59±2.16 b | 1.43±0.04 a |
| Experimental group 2 | 100±0.00 b | 114.19±3.00 b | 1.45±0.03 a |
Note: female different expression significant difference (P<0.05) of same column shoulder marking-up, same column shoulder marking-up parent phase is with representing difference not significantly (P>0.05), lower same.
As can be known from the above table: raw fish survival rate, the rate of body weight gain of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 are all significantly higher than control group, and feed coefficient is significantly lower than control group, and between the survival rate of experimental group 1 and the raw fish of experimental group 2, rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient, difference is not remarkable.
2.2 digestive enzyme activity
The protease of each group of raw fish, lipase, amylase activity are as shown in table 2, experimental group 1 and and experimental group 2 in the protease of raw fish, lipase, amylase be all significantly higher than control group, but the protease of raw fish in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 groups, lipase, amylase difference are not remarkable.
Table 2 respectively organizes protease, lipase, the amylase activity of raw fish
| Group | Protease (U/g) | Amylase (U/mg prot) | Lipase (U/g prot) |
| Control group | 56.02±2.86 a | 34.82±4.72 a | 10.05±1.25 a |
| Experimental group 1 | 84.15±3.81 b | 63.52±5.03 b | 14.39±1.06 b |
| Experimental group 2 | 79.35±3.44 b | 64.06±6.09 b | 13.91±2.02 b |
2.3 raw fish enteron aisle pleat height
The raw fish enteron aisle pleat of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 is elongated, arrangement is tight, and epithelial cell is complete, and the enteron aisle pleat height of the raw fish of each group is as shown in table 3, and the raw fish enteron aisle pleat height of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, is all significantly increased compared with control group.
The enteron aisle pleat height of raw fish respectively organized by table 3
| Group | Anterior intestine (um) | Middle intestines (um) | Hindgut (um) |
| Control group | 863.12±13.56 a | 374.15±18.96 a | 489.53±10.09 a |
| Experimental group 1 | 1089.56±25.16 b | 452.35±13.06 b | 588.23±22.15 b |
| Experimental group 2 | 1037.62±40.13 b | 476.27±15.03 b | 580.29±19.53 b |
These results suggest that: in raw fish basal feed, supplementary copy invention feed addictive can accelerate chyme GI emptying, prevent and treat raw fish to tell material, promote that raw fish ingests, can intestinal health be promoted simultaneously, improve digestive enzyme activity, improve feed efficiency, increase productivity effect.
Compliance test result test 2:
Adopt group based on the basic components in compliance test result test 1, the feed addictive of embodiment 1 and embodiment 4 is added in basic components (as experimental group 1 and experimental group 2) respectively according to the ratio of 1%, 0.75%, 3 kinds of expanded pellet diets are prepared into through Double-screw bulking machine, and commercially a kind of commercial feed is as a control group, carry out large pool culture experiment, often kind of feedstuff feeding 2 mouthfuls of ponds, every mouthful of pond area about 10 mu, raw fish initial weight 250.0 ± 1.5g, culturing time is 60 days, experimental session water temperature 28-33 DEG C.The test method such as aquaculture management, sampling and statistical method are with compliance test result test 1, and large pool experimental result is in table 4.
Table 4 large pool experimental result
| Group | Rate of body weight gain (%) | Feed coefficient (%) | Protease (U/g) | Lipase (U/g prot) | Amylase (U/mg prot) |
| Base set | 118.52±7.03 a | 1.62±0.06 a | 68.03±4.56 a | 8.64±0.18 a | 46.77±3.29 a |
| Experimental group 1 | 132.35±4.59 b | 1.39±0.05 b | 84.06±3.06 b | 12.03±0.21 b | 54.18±2.53 b |
| Experimental group 2 | 139.56±6.82 b | 1.41±0.04 b | 87.68±3.41 b | 11.09±0.26 b | 55.47±2.01 b |
| Control group | 128.34±5.49 a | 1.56±0.06 a | 72.03±5.08 a | 8.89±0.15 a | 47.63±3.78 a |
As shown in Table 4, during summer high temperature, the expanded pellet diet of throwing something and feeding containing feed addictive of the present invention can significantly improve raw fish enteron aisle enzyme activity, promotes chyme digestion, reduces feed coefficient, improve rate of body weight gain.
Claims (6)
1. prevent and treat raw fish to tell material, alleviate a feed addictive for heat stress, it is characterized in that, described feed addictive comprises the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin C, secondary powder.
2. the raw fish of control according to claim 1 tells material, alleviates the feed addictive of heat stress, it is characterized in that, calculate by percentage to the quality, described feed addictive comprises the root of large-flowered skullcap 22% ~ 25%, caulis bambusae in taenian 8% ~ 10%, reed rhizome 8%-10%, the banksia rose 10 ~ 12%, oligosaccharides 16% ~ 18%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 6 ~ 8%, nucleotides 3 ~ 5%, vitamin C 2 ~ 3%, secondary powder 13 ~ 20%.
3. the raw fish of control according to claim 1 and 2 tells material, alleviates the feed addictive of heat stress, it is characterized in that: described oligosaccharides is manna oligosacchride.
4. the raw fish of the control according to any one of claim 1-3 tells material, alleviates the preparation method of the feed addictive of heat stress, it is characterized in that, the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, secondary powder are crossed 120 mesh sieves after ultramicro grinding in pulverizer, fully mixes in proportion with described oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin C.
5. give birth to a fish meal, it is characterized in that: the described raw fish meal raw fish of control contained according to any one of claim 1-3 tells material, alleviates the feed addictive of heat stress.
6. raw fish meal according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the raw fish of described control tells material, the adding proportion of feed addictive of alleviation heat stress is 0.5-1%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110800653A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-18 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Heat stress resisting method for grouper culture |
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